Organic Patents (Class 385/143)
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Patent number: 7409139Abstract: A halogenated polyamide acid composition containing a halogenated polyamide acid, a metal oxide precursor, a catalyst of reaction of generating a metal oxide from the precursor, and/or a coupling agent having a reactive group. A halogenated polyimide film is obtained by, for example, carrying out the heat treatment of the halogenated polyamide acid composition. The halogenated polyimide film has a refractive index at wavelength of, for example, 1,550 nm of 1.520 or lower. Further, an optical waveguide uses the halogenated polyimide film as at least one of a core layer and a clad layer, and a relative refractive index difference between the core layer and the clad layer of the optical waveguide is, for example, 0.6 or greater. An optical waveguide device contains such an optical waveguide.Type: GrantFiled: August 18, 2006Date of Patent: August 5, 2008Assignee: Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd.Inventors: Tomomi Makino, Kozo Tajiri, Shinichi Goto
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Patent number: 7403672Abstract: A method for creating an integrated linear polarizer is provided. An electro-optical component is fabricated and may include a bottom electrode, a bottom cladding layer, side cladding features, an electro-optic polymer layer, a top cladding layer, and a top electrode. After fabrication, the electro-optical component is poled to create or enhance polarization properties of the electro-optic polymer layer. The electro-optical component may be heated to at least a first threshold temperature. An electric field may then be applied to the electro-optical component. In the presence of the electric field, the electro-optical component may be cooled to at or below a second threshold temperature that is less than the first threshold temperature. Once the electro-optical component has cooled to the second threshold temperature, the electric field may be removed.Type: GrantFiled: December 15, 2006Date of Patent: July 22, 2008Assignee: Fujitsu LimitedInventors: Dashun Steve Zhou, Michael G. Lee, Alexei L. Glebov
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Patent number: 7391938Abstract: Poling electro-optic polymers on an organically modified sol-gel cladding layer can enhance Pockel's coefficient by up to a factor of 2.5.Type: GrantFiled: June 26, 2007Date of Patent: June 24, 2008Assignee: The Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of The University of ArizonaInventors: Nasser Peyghambarian, Robert A. Norwood, Christopher T. DeRose
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Patent number: 7376328Abstract: A photosensitive resin composition for optical waveguide formation, comprising: (A) a di(meth)acrylate having the structure represented by the following general formula (1): (wherein R1 is —(OCH2CH2)m—, —(OCH(CH3)CH2)m—, or —OCH2CH(OH)CH2—; X is —C(CH3)2—, —CH2—, —O—, or —SO2—; Y is a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom; m is an integer of 0 to 4); (B) a mono(meth)acrylate having the structure represented by the following general formula (2): (wherein R2 is —(OCH2CH2)p—, —(OCH(CH3)CH2)p—, or —OCH2CH(OH)CH2—; Y is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, Ph-C(CH3)2—, Ph-, or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; p is an integer of 0 to 4; Ph is a phenyl group); and (C) a photoradical polymerization initiator. The composition has excellent patterning ability, refractive index, heat resistance, and transmission characteristic.Type: GrantFiled: September 30, 2003Date of Patent: May 20, 2008Assignee: JSR CorporationInventors: Hideaki Takase, Yuuichi Eriyama
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Patent number: 7358582Abstract: A planar optical waveguide assembly prepared by a method comprising the steps of (i) applying a curable polymer composition to a surface of a substrate to form a polymer film; (ii) curing the polymer film to form a lower clad layer; (iii) applying a silicone composition to the lower clad layer to form a silicone film; (iv) exposing at least one selected region of the silicone film to radiation having a wavelength of from 150 to 800 nm to produce a partially exposed film having at least one exposed region and at least one non-exposed region; (v) removing the non-exposed region of the partially exposed film with a developing solvent to form a patterned film; and (vi) heating the patterned film for an amount of time sufficient to form at least one silicone core having a refractive index of from 1.3 to 1.7 at 23° C. for light having a wavelength of 589 nm; wherein the lower clad layer has a refractive index less than the refractive index of the silicone core.Type: GrantFiled: April 13, 2005Date of Patent: April 15, 2008Assignee: Dow Corning CorporationInventors: Geoffrey Bruce Gardner, Randall Gene Schmidt
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Patent number: 7345134Abstract: A polymer that includes a constitutional unit contributed by (a) a first monomer comprising a halocatechol diacrylate, a halocatechol diacrylate, a haloresorcinol diacrylate, or a halohydroquinone diacrylate, and (b) a second monomer comprising a charge transporting moiety.Type: GrantFiled: January 21, 2005Date of Patent: March 18, 2008Assignee: Lumera CorporationInventor: Dan L. Jin
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Patent number: 7330631Abstract: A method including poling an optical waveguide device including an optical waveguide core, an electrode, and an organically modified sol-gel layer.Type: GrantFiled: March 13, 2007Date of Patent: February 12, 2008Assignee: Lumera CorporationInventors: Louis J. Bintz, Raluca Dinu, Danliang Jin
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Patent number: 7302119Abstract: An optical phase modulator comprising a plurality of non-polarizing waveguides having a layered stack including a core between at least one layer of cladding material, wherein the core is constructed of electro-optic material(s), wherein the layers of cladding materials having lower indices of refraction than the core for guided mode, wherein the layer of cladding material having higher indices of refraction than the core for non-guided mode, a substrate dimensioned and configured to integrate a plurality of optical components, wherein the optical components include a plurality of non-polarizing waveguide(s), a waveguide having a non-polarizing non-modulating region and a non-polarizing modulating region, coupler/splitter(s), electrode(s), a waveguide configuration including a first non-polarizing waveguide, a second polarizing waveguide and a third waveguide, and at least two optical fiber pigtails where one is coupled to a second and third waveguide.Type: GrantFiled: November 23, 2005Date of Patent: November 27, 2007Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the NavyInventors: Michael D Bramson, Paul R. Ashley, Geoffrey A. Lindsay
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Patent number: 7291293Abstract: The present invention introduces a novel route toward microstructural orientation into organic films, using multiple hydrogen-bonding to self-assemble chromophore molecules into electro-optic films in a net polar orientation. High-quality, thick films (up to micrometers) with molecular net dipole orientations can be fabricated under vacuum in hours. The film microstructure is intrinsically acentric; and the orientation is robust.Type: GrantFiled: February 27, 2004Date of Patent: November 6, 2007Assignee: Northwestern UniversityInventors: Tobin J. Marks, Peiwang Zhu
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Patent number: 7283715Abstract: An optical waveguide comprising a substrate, a lower clad layer on the substrate, a core layer and an upper clad layer, at least one of the lower clad layer, the core layer and the upper clad layer is formed of a cured product of a photo-curable organopolysiloxane composition comprising (A) a (meth)acryloyloxy group-containing organopolysiloxane of the following average compositional formula (1): (CH2?CR1COO(CH2)n)a(Ph)bR2c(R3O)dSiO(4-a-b-c-d)/2??(1) wherein R1 is hydrogen or methyl, R2 is an C1–C8 alkyl or C2–C8 alkenyl group, Ph is phenyl, R3 is hydrogen or an unsubstituted or alkoxy-substituted C1–C4 alkyl group, subscripts a, b, c and d are numbers satisfying: 0.05?a?0.9, 0.1?b?0.9, 0?c?0.2, 0<d?0.5, and 0.8?a+b+c+d?1.5, and n is an integer of 2 to 5, and having a weight average molecular weight of 1,000 to 100,000 as measured by GPC using a polystyrene standard, and (B) a photosensitizer.Type: GrantFiled: August 5, 2004Date of Patent: October 16, 2007Assignee: Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.Inventors: Kinya Kodama, Tsutomu Kashiwagi, Toshio Shiobara
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Patent number: 7274854Abstract: An optical waveguide has a core layer made by a film containing a cross-linked polyamide based on a repeating unit of general formula (I) and a method for the production thereof.Type: GrantFiled: June 27, 2002Date of Patent: September 25, 2007Assignee: Pirelli & C. S.p.A.Inventors: Antonio Zaopo, Yuri A. Dubitsky, Marco Colombo
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Patent number: 7260297Abstract: The present invention describes a fluorescent dye doped polymer based optical wave-guide structure. The described polymers can be used to fabricate a range of display elements and illumination systems which work without the use of external electrical power. This is due to the process of the fluorescent dyes absorbing ambient light and then subsequently emitting light which is conducted by the polymer host material to a point where it is emitted. The emitted light can be of a range of colours depending upon the type of dye that polymers are doped with. There is a constant contrast between the light power flux emitted for the wave-guide structure and the light power flux of the ambient light. There is also provided a method in which a dielectric stack mirror layer fabricated on the surface of the polymer which can be used to improve the efficiency and the contrast of those optical elements.Type: GrantFiled: December 16, 2004Date of Patent: August 21, 2007Assignee: The Court of Napier UniversityInventors: Janos Hajto, Colin Hindle, Andrew Graham
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Patent number: 7239765Abstract: An optical phase modulator comprising a plurality of polarizing waveguides having a layered stack including a core between at least one layer of cladding material, wherein the core is constructed of electro-optic material(s), wherein the layers of cladding materials having lower indices of refraction than the core for guided mode, wherein the layers of cladding materials having higher indices of refraction than the core for non-guided mode, at least one electrode coupled to at least one waveguide including a modulating polarizing region, at least one waveguide having a non-modulating region and a modulating region, a substrate dimensioned and configured to integrate a plurality of optical components, wherein the optical components include a plurality of polarizing waveguide(s), a waveguide having a non-modulating region and a modulating region, coupler/splitter(s), electrode(s), and a waveguide configuration including a first polarizing waveguide, a second polarizing waveguide and a third polarizing waveguideType: GrantFiled: November 23, 2005Date of Patent: July 3, 2007Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the NavyInventors: Michael D Bramson, Paul R. Ashley, Geoffrey A. Lindsay
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Patent number: 7228022Abstract: An optical transceiver comprising an optical bench including of a waveguide on a substrate, a light source, a system of transceiver module waveguides, a waveguide coupler, a fiber, and a detector.Type: GrantFiled: August 16, 2005Date of Patent: June 5, 2007Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the NavyInventors: Michael D Bramson, Paul R Ashley, Geoffrey A Lindsay
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Patent number: 7228044Abstract: A novel conjugate fiber with a fine and an optical interference color-generating function, suitable for application in product fields which require aesthetic qualities, the fiber being characterized by having a structure wherein an alkali-soluble polymer with a thickness of 2.0 ?m or greater surrounds an alternating laminated section with a thickness of no greater than 10 ?m, comprising alkali-insoluble polymer layers with different refractive indices alternately laminated parallel to the long axis direction of the flat cross-section, wherein the ratio (SP1/SP2) between the solubility parameter value of the higher refractive index polymer (SP1) and the solubility parameter value of the lower refractive index polymer (SP2) is in the range of 0.8–1.1.Type: GrantFiled: August 25, 2004Date of Patent: June 5, 2007Assignee: Teijin Fibers LimitedInventors: Mie Kamiyama, Koichi Iohara
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Patent number: 7228013Abstract: A polymer phase modulator having a plurality of polarizing waveguides having a layered stack including a core between at least one layer of cladding material, wherein the core is constructed of electro-optic material(s), wherein the layers of cladding materials having lower indices of refraction than the core for guided mode, wherein the layer of cladding material having higher indices of refraction than the core for non-guided mode, at least one waveguide having a non-modulating polarizing region, a substrate dimensioned and configured to integrate a plurality of optical components, wherein the optical components include a plurality of polarizing waveguide(s) and non-polarizing waveguide(s), a waveguide having a polarizing non-modulating region and a non-polarizing modulating region, coupler/splitter(s), electrode(s), and a waveguide configuration including a first polarizing waveguide, a coupler/splitter including a plurality of splitter ports, a second polarizing waveguide and a third polarizing waveguide.Type: GrantFiled: November 23, 2005Date of Patent: June 5, 2007Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the NavyInventors: Michael D Bramson, Paul R. Ashley
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Patent number: 7226966Abstract: Polymer-inorganic particle blends are incorporated into structures generally involving interfaces with additional materials that can be used advantageously for forming desirable devices. In some embodiments, the structures are optical structures, and the interfaces are optical interfaces. The different materials at the interface can have differences in index-of-refraction to yield desired optical properties at the interface. In some embodiments, structures are formed with periodic variations in index-of-refraction. In particular, photonic crystals can be formed. Suitable methods can be used to form the desired structures.Type: GrantFiled: February 25, 2002Date of Patent: June 5, 2007Assignee: NanoGram CorporationInventors: Nobuyuki Kambe, Christian C. Honeker
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Patent number: 7221846Abstract: In an optical communication system in which communication is conducted by transmitting light through a plastic optical fiber with a core diameter in the range from 300 to 600 ?m, the average beam diameter and beam divergence angle expressed in terms of numerical aperture (NA) of the light at the input face of the optical fiber are set less than or equal to 250 ?m, more preferably less than or equal to 200 ?m, and less than or equal to 0.25, more preferably less than or equal to 0.2 respectively.Type: GrantFiled: February 27, 2006Date of Patent: May 22, 2007Assignee: Fujifilm CorporationInventors: Kenji Matsumoto, Hiroki Takahashi
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Patent number: 7211444Abstract: A fluidic waveguide comprising a container and a fluid that fills said container, wherein said fluid has a refractive index greater than the refractive index of the wall of said container and wherein said fluid can act as a waveguide for electromagnetic radiation when contacted therewith is disclosed. A corresponding fluidic lightguide along with devices that function as composite waveguides and lightguides are described. Assays utilizing this waveguide for biochemical, chemical, and other kinds of analyzes are also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: April 26, 2002Date of Patent: May 1, 2007Assignee: Genetic ID NA, Inc.Inventor: John Fagan
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Patent number: 7206490Abstract: Electro-optic waveguide devices that comprise an electro-optic polymer core and a polymer buffer clad. The polymer buffer clad comprises an organically modified sol-gel and has a refractive index lower than the refractive index of the core.Type: GrantFiled: January 14, 2003Date of Patent: April 17, 2007Assignee: Lumera CorporationInventors: Louis J. Bintz, Raluca Dinu, Danliang Jin
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Patent number: 7197226Abstract: The present invention relates to a polymeric composition of matter. The composition includes at least one polymer matrix and plurality of quantum dots distributed therein. The polymer may be a perfluorocyclobutane polymer having high optical transmission at telecommunications wavelengths. The quantum dots may include cap compounds to increase the solubility of the quantum dots in the composition. Typical cap compounds include aromatic organic molecules. Optical devices including waveguides may be fabricated from the polymeric compositions of the invention.Type: GrantFiled: April 11, 2006Date of Patent: March 27, 2007Assignee: Lucent Technologies Inc.Inventors: Gang Chen, Dan Fuchs, Ylva Olsson, Ronen Rapaport, Vikram Sundar
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Patent number: 7183418Abstract: The invention relates to novel mono-, oligo and poly[2,3-b]-thienothiophenes, their use as semiconductors or charge transport materials, in optical, electro-optical or electronic devices like for example liquid crystal displays, optical films, organic field effect transistors (FET or OFET) for thin film transistor liquid crystal displays and integrated circuit devices such as RFID tags, electroluminescent devices in flat panel displays, and in photovoltaic and sensor devices, and to a field effect transistor, light emitting device or ID tag comprising the novel polymers.Type: GrantFiled: August 30, 2004Date of Patent: February 27, 2007Assignee: Merck Patent GesellschaftInventors: Martin Heeney, Iain McCulloch, Clare Bailey
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Patent number: 7174078Abstract: An optical fiber for transmitting light, said optical fiber having an axial direction and a cross section perpendicular to said axial direction, said optical fiber comprising: (1) a first core region comprising a first core material having a refractive index Nco,1; (2) a microstructured first cladding region surrounding the first core region, said first cladding region comprising a first cladding material and a plurality of spaced apart first cladding features or elements that are elongated in the fiber axial direction and disposed in the first cladding material, said first cladding material having a refractive index Ncl,1 and each said first cladding feature or element having a refractive index being lower than Ncl,1, whereby a resultant geometrical index Nge,cl, 1? of the first cladding region is lowered compared to Ncl,1; (3) a second core region surrounding said first cladding region, said second core region comprising a second core material having a refractive index Nco,2, and (4) a second cladding regioType: GrantFiled: April 11, 2002Date of Patent: February 6, 2007Assignee: Crystal Fibre A/SInventors: Stig Eigil Barkou Libori, Jes Broeng, Anders Bjarklev, Niels Asger Mortensen, Jacob Riis Folkenberg
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Patent number: 7167629Abstract: An optical waveguide and a production method thereof that can provide increased production efficiency, improved workability, and/or production stability. According to non-limiting example embodiments a photopolymerizable resin composition comprising a fluorene derivative and a photoacid generator is coated over an under clad layer and then is dried, to form a resin layer having substantially no surface tack. The resin layer is exposed to light in the state of being contacted with a photo mask by a contact exposure method and then is developed, to form the resin layer into a pattern. Thereafter, the resin layer is cured to form a core layer and then an over clad layer is formed on the under clad layer in such a manner as to cover the core layer, to thereby produce an optical waveguide.Type: GrantFiled: February 15, 2005Date of Patent: January 23, 2007Assignee: Nitto Denko CorporationInventors: Kazunori Mune, Amane Mochizuki, Yusuke Shimizu, Naotaka Kinjou
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Patent number: 7122134Abstract: A novel optical member is disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: March 27, 2003Date of Patent: October 17, 2006Inventor: Hiroki Sasaki
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Patent number: 7120343Abstract: An optical fiber having at least one epoxidized polyolefin based polymer coating. The coating is formed from a crosslinkable composition having (a) at least one epoxidized polydiene oligomer having a first and a second end, the oligomer having at least one hydrocarbon chain that is substantially free of ethylenic double bonds, at least one epoxide group at the first end and at least one reactive functional group at the second end; (b) at least one hydrogenated polydiene oligomer having at least one reactive functional group capable of reacting with the epoxide groups; and (c) at least one photo-initiator. Preferably, the coating is a primary coating coated with a secondary coating.Type: GrantFiled: September 21, 2005Date of Patent: October 10, 2006Assignee: Perelli & C. S.p.A.Inventors: Luca Castellani, Luigia Rossiello, Andrea Pelizzoni, Raffaella Donetti, Lidia Terruzzi, Mauro Maritano
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Patent number: 7106940Abstract: There is provided a material which can give a high elasticity and heat resistance to an optical waveguide member by photo-curing while maintaining transparency in a near infrared region and further makes it possible to use a film forming process by a spin coating method and a process for producing a waveguide by photolithograph, to obtain a waveguide having a large area and to produce an optical waveguide having reduced water absorption, and further there can be provided an optical waveguide member and an optical waveguide device. Namely, there are provided a fluorine-containing optical waveguide material comprising a curable fluorine-containing prepolymer (I) which is a non-crystalline polymer having a fluorine content of not less than 25% by weight and has a carbon-carbon double bond in a polymer side chain and/or at an end of a polymer trunk chain, an optical waveguide member which is a cured article of the optical waveguide material and an optical waveguide device comprising the optical waveguide member.Type: GrantFiled: January 27, 2005Date of Patent: September 12, 2006Assignee: Daikin Industries, Ltd.Inventors: Takayuki Araki, Yoshito Tanaka, Mihoko Ohashi
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Patent number: 7092608Abstract: Several novel polyimide materials are disclosed. One example is a polyimide material comprising heterocyclic polyimide having an unit represented by the following general formula (1): (wherein ?1s may be the same or different and are individually a quadrivalent organic group, the ?1s including at least 0.2 molar equivalent of a quadrivalent hetrocyclic group selected from the following Group (a), ?1s may be the same or different and are individually a bivalent organic group, and n is a positive integer).Type: GrantFiled: March 16, 2006Date of Patent: August 15, 2006Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha ToshibaInventors: Yoshiaki Kawamonzen, Toshio Nakayama
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Patent number: 7088902Abstract: A photonic crystal and a producing method thereof are provided. The photonic crystal includes at least two media of different refractive indices formed on a semiconductor substrate. One of the media is periodically arranged in another one of the media. The photonic crystal has a cleaved surface on its side. The directions of primitive translation vectors representing the periodic arrangement directions of the one medium are at desired angles with the cleaved surface. Preferably, the direction of at least one of the primitive translation vectors is in parallel with the cleaved surface.Type: GrantFiled: May 26, 2004Date of Patent: August 8, 2006Assignee: Sharp Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Yoshimichi Katoh, Toshiyuki Okumura
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Patent number: 7085470Abstract: A clad is produced by polymerizing methyl methacrylate and (meth)acrylic acid ester having alicyclic hydrocarbon group. A core is produced by an interfacial-gel-polymerization method. A first covering layer having a thickness being less than 500 ?m is formed on an outer surface of the clad to produce a single-fiber optical cable. A plurality of the single-fiber optical cables are bundled. A gap between the single-fiber optical cables is infused with a filler. The bundled single-fiber optical cables are covered with a second covering layer to produce a multi-fiber optical cable. Since the covering layer is thin, the multi-fiber optical cable has excellent flexibility and reduced bending loss.Type: GrantFiled: February 4, 2004Date of Patent: August 1, 2006Assignee: Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.Inventors: Takahito Miyoshi, Toru Ogura, Yukio Shirokura
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Patent number: 7085469Abstract: This invention provides a process for producing a three-dimensional polyimide optical waveguide, which comprises: (I) irradiating a polyamic acid film with a laser beam while converging the laser beam at an inside portion of the film and relatively moving the light convergence point, the polyamic acid film containing: (a) a polyamic acid obtained from a tetracarboxylic dianhydride and a diamine; and (b) per 100 parts of the polyamic acid, from 0.5 part by weight to less than 10 parts by weight of a specific 1,4-dihydropyridine derivative represented by formula (I): and then, (II) heating the polyamic acid film to imidize the polyamic acid, thereby obtaining an optical waveguide having a continuous core region where the refraction index has been changed, in the thus formed polyimide film.Type: GrantFiled: November 5, 2003Date of Patent: August 1, 2006Assignee: Nitto Denko CorporationInventors: Kazunori Mune, Ryuusuke Naitou, Amane Mochizuki, Atsushi Hino, Mika Horiike
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Patent number: 7082244Abstract: Several novel polyimide materials are disclosed. One example is apolyimide material comprising heterocyclic polyimide having an unit represented by the following general formula (1): (wherein ?1s may be the same or different and are individually a quadrivalent organic group, the ?1s including at least 0.2 molar equivalent of a quadrivalent hetrocyclic group selected from the following Group (a), ?1s may be the same or different and are individually a bivalent organic group, and n is a positive integer).Type: GrantFiled: October 15, 2003Date of Patent: July 25, 2006Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha ToshibaInventors: Yoshiaki Kawamonzen, Toshio Nakayama
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Patent number: 7079748Abstract: An optical fiber and method of making the same, the optical fiber being characterized by an axial symmetry and comprising a core, doped with phosphorescent or fluorescent impurities, and a transparent envelope. The transparent envelope comprises a cladding layer and optionally a jacket layer surrounding the cladding layer. The optical fiber may further comprise an associated light source comprising an inner electrode, an outer electrode, and an active area, located between said inner electrode and said outer electrode. The light source and said optical fiber are integrated as a unit. The light source is characterized by an axial symmetry and is positioned coaxial with respect to the axis of the optical fiber. The inner electrode is substantially transparent, such that light generated in said active area may propagate outside said light source and into the optical fiber.Type: GrantFiled: January 7, 2004Date of Patent: July 18, 2006Assignee: Interuniveristair Microelekktronica Centrum (IMEC)Inventors: Vladimir Arkhipov, Paul Heremans
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Patent number: 7072564Abstract: Provided are compositions suitable for use in forming a flexible optical waveguide. The compositions include a polymer that has units of the formula (R1SiO1.5) and (R22SiO), wherein R1 and R2 are the same or different, and are substituted and/or unsubstituted organic groups, and wherein the (R22SiO) units are present in an amount of 14 wt % or more based on the polymer; and a plurality of functional end and/or internal groups. Also included is a component for altering the solubility of the composition upon activation. The solubility of the composition in a dried state is alterable upon activation of the component such that the composition is developable in an aqueous developer solution. Also provided are flexible optical waveguides, methods of forming flexible optical waveguides and electronic devices that include a flexible optical waveguide.Type: GrantFiled: November 19, 2004Date of Patent: July 4, 2006Assignee: Rohm and Haas Electronic Materials LLCInventors: James G. Shelnut, Matthew L. Moynihan
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Patent number: 7072563Abstract: Provided are compositions suitable for use in forming a flexible optical waveguide. The compositions include a polymer, having units of the formula (RSiO1.5), wherein R is a substituted or unsubstituted organic group, and a plurality of functional end groups. A first component is provided for altering the solubility of the composition in a dried state upon activation. A second component contains a plurality of functional groups chosen from hydroxy, amino, thiol, sulphonate ester, carboxylate ester, silyl ester, anhydride, aziridine, methylolmethyl, silyl ether, and combinations thereof. The second component is present in an effective amount to improve flexibility of the composition in a dried state before and after activation. Also provided are flexible optical waveguides, methods of forming flexible optical waveguides and electronic devices that include a flexible optical waveguide.Type: GrantFiled: November 19, 2004Date of Patent: July 4, 2006Assignee: Rohm and Haas Electronic Materials LLCInventors: James G. Shelnut, Nicola Pugliano, Matthew L. Moynihan, Hai Bin Zheng, Daniel E. Lundy, Nathan Pawlowski
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Patent number: 7072565Abstract: Provided are compositions which include a polymer, having units of the formula (RSiO1.5), wherein R is a substituted or unsubstituted organic group, and a plurality of functional end groups. A first component is provided for altering the solubility of the composition in a dried state upon activation. A second component contains a plurality of functional groups chosen from epoxides, oxetanes, vinyl ethers and combinations thereof. The second component is present in an effective amount to improve flexibility of the composition in a dried state before and after activation. Also provided are flexible optical waveguides, methods of forming flexible optical waveguides and electronic devices that include a flexible optical waveguide.Type: GrantFiled: April 14, 2005Date of Patent: July 4, 2006Assignee: Rohm and Haas Electronic Materials LLCInventors: James G. Shelnut, Nicola Pugliano, Matthew L. Moynihan, Hai Bin Zheng, Daniel E. Lundy, Nathan Pawlowski
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Patent number: 7068909Abstract: An optical fiber includes a coating comprising a cross-linked network comprising the reaction product of monomers and oligomers and at least one polymer dispersed or interpenetrated in the cross-linked network. The oligomer and polymer components used are at least partially fluorinated. The fiber-coating composition of the invention presents a refractive index that is low while satisfying the conditions for industrial fiber-drawing.Type: GrantFiled: March 2, 2005Date of Patent: June 27, 2006Assignee: Draka Comteq B.V.Inventors: Sebastien Andre, Gilles Melin, Xavier Rejeaunier, Simon Lempereur, Samuel Merlet
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Patent number: 7065285Abstract: The present invention relates to a polymeric composition of matter. The composition includes at least one polymer matrix and plurality of quantum dots distributed therein. The polymer may be a perfluorocyclobutane polymer having high optical transmission at telecommunications wavelengths. The quantum dots may include cap compounds to increase the solubility of the quantum dots in the composition. Typical cap compounds include aromatic organic molecules. Optical devices including waveguides may be fabricated from the polymeric compositions of the invention.Type: GrantFiled: December 1, 2003Date of Patent: June 20, 2006Assignee: Lucent Technologies Inc.Inventors: Gang Chen, Dan Fuchs, Ylva Olsson, Ronen Rapaport, Vikram Sundar
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Patent number: 7058243Abstract: A simple, economic wet chemical procedure is described for making sol-gel fibers. The sol-gel fibers made from this process are transparent to ultraviolet, visible and near infrared light. Light can be guided in these fibers by using an organic polymer as a fiber cladding. Alternatively, air can be used as a low refractive index medium. The sol-gel fibers have a micro pore structure which allows molecules to diffuse into the fiber core from the surrounding environment. Chemical and biochemical reagents can be doped into the fiber core. The sol-gel fiber can be used as a transducer for constructing an optical fiber sensor. The optical fiber sensor having an active sol-gel fiber core is more sensitive than conventional evanescent wave absorption based optical fiber sensors.Type: GrantFiled: January 17, 2002Date of Patent: June 6, 2006Assignee: Mississippi State UniversityInventors: Shiquan Tao, Rajeev Jindal, Christopher Winstead, Jagdish P. Singh
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Patent number: 7058271Abstract: A plastic optical fiber low in attenuation in a high order mode and small in mode dispersion, is presented. The plastic optical fiber comprises at least a core and a clad surrounding the core, characterized in that the core has a refractive index which gradually decreases from the core center towards the outside in the radial direction of the plastic optical fiber, and the refractive index of the clad is lower than the refractive index of the core center and higher than the refractive index of the core periphery.Type: GrantFiled: March 9, 2005Date of Patent: June 6, 2006Assignees: Asahi Glass Company, LimitedInventors: Yasuhiro Koike, Takaaki Ishigure, Hidenobu Murofushi, Yuji Watanabe, Tsuyoshi Onishi
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Patent number: 7054523Abstract: The present invention has an object of enhancing the tolerance of setup positioning error of an optical multiplexer/demultiplexer which uses a multi-mode optical waveguide. For this sake, the invention is designed to couple the multi-mode optical waveguide with a single-mode optical waveguide directly. In another configuration of this invention, there is provided between both optical waveguides a single-mode optical waveguide having its length set to be approximately equal to zero, or equal or approximately equal to the period of interference between the 0th-order mode and a radiative higher-order mode of the single-mode optical waveguide.Type: GrantFiled: February 27, 2002Date of Patent: May 30, 2006Assignees: Hitachi, Ltd., Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.Inventors: Makoto Takahashi, Tatemi Ido, Tooru Takahashi
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Patent number: 7050695Abstract: A transmission loss of each dried and water-saturated plastic optical fiber (POF) is measured. In range from 500 nm to 720 nm and from 785 nm to 810 nm, the transmission loss P1 of the dried POF and a difference of the transmission loss from the water-saturated POF to the dried POF satisfy at least one of the conditions, 0?L/P1?1, 0<L?100 and 10?L+P1?200. Further, in the wavelength range from the ultraviolet ray to infrared ray, the absorption wavelength of OH vibration in water contained in the POF and the absorption wavelength X of harmonic absorptions of atomic vibrations are detected, and the above conditions are the wavelength ranges except the absorption wavelength X. In the performance of optical communication in these wavelength ranges, the transmission loss does not increase so much even when the the POF absorbs water. Therefore the adequate optical communication can be performed stably.Type: GrantFiled: February 8, 2005Date of Patent: May 23, 2006Assignee: Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.Inventor: Masataka Sato
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Patent number: 7046904Abstract: The present invention relates to a UV curable clad resin composition for optical fiber or waveguide comprising: (A) a photopolymerizable acrylate oligomer derived from the mixture composed of a polyol copolymer, an acid anhydride, an acrylate alcohol, a condensation polymerization catalyst and a polymerization inhibitor, (B) a photopolymerizable monomer, (C) a photopolymerization initiator, and (D) a leveling or antifoaming agent. The inventive composition minimizes optical loss and has a controllable low refractive index in the range of 1.35 to 1.46.Type: GrantFiled: April 18, 2003Date of Patent: May 16, 2006Assignee: SSCP Co., Ltd.Inventors: Selee Chang, Daesung Lee, Junghyun Oh
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Patent number: 7046903Abstract: The present invention relates to a light-guide body, which has at least one light-entry surface and at least one light-exit surface, the ratio of the light-exit surface area to the light-entry surface area being at least 4, comprising at least one light-guiding layer with a thickness of at least 2 mm, characterized in that the light-guiding layer comprises at least 60% by weight, expressed in terms of the weight of the light-guiding layer, of polymethyl methacrylate and from 0.001 to 0.08% by weight, expressed in terms of the weight of the light-guiding layer, of spherical barium sulphate particles with an average diameter in the range of from 0.3 to 20 ?m.Type: GrantFiled: October 16, 2002Date of Patent: May 16, 2006Assignee: Roehm GmbH & Co. KGInventors: Jann Schmidt, Guenther Ittmann, Hans Lichtenstein, Herbert Groothues
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Patent number: 7039322Abstract: An optical communication apparatus comprises an optical transmitter (1) which emits light signals corresponding to external electric signals (11) using light emitted from a short-wavelength light-emitting element (14) such as a yellow light-emitting diode of maximum wavelength in a range of 560–590 nm or a green light-emitting diode of maximum wavelength in a range of 490–550 nm; a plastic fiber (2) including a methacrylate polymer core free from benzene rings and having one end connected optically with the short-wavelength light-emitting element (14), the core containing less than 5 ppm free sulfur; and an optical receiver (3) having a photodetector element (31) connected optically with the other end of the plastic fiber (2) and adapted to producing an output electric signal (35) in accordance with the output from the photodetector element (31).Type: GrantFiled: November 21, 1999Date of Patent: May 2, 2006Assignee: Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.Inventors: Tomonari Yoshimura, Noritaka Saito, Akimitsu Okita
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Patent number: 7039264Abstract: Monolithic optical structures include a plurality of layer with each layer having an isolated optical pathway confined within a portion of the layer. The monolithic optical structure can be used as an optical fiber preform. Alternatively or additionally, the monolithic optical structure can include integrated optical circuits within one or more layers of the structure. Monolithic optical structures can be formed by performing multiple passes of a substrate through a flowing particle stream. The deposited particles form an optical material following consolidation. Flexible optical fibers include a plurality of independent light channels extending along the length of the optical fiber. The fibers can be pulled from an appropriate preform.Type: GrantFiled: April 22, 2003Date of Patent: May 2, 2006Assignee: NeoPhotonics CorporationInventors: Michael A. Bryan, Xiangxin Bi
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Patent number: 7037637Abstract: A photosensitive polyimide resin precursor composition capable of providing a polyimide resin that is not substantially colored, is transparent and has heat resistance, an optical polyimide resin obtained from the composition, and an optical waveguide using the polyimide resin. The photosensitive polyimide resin precursor composition contains (a) 100 parts by weight of a polyamic acid obtained from a tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride and a diamine, (b) 0.01 parts by weight or more and less than 5 parts by weight of a 1,4-dihydropyridine derivative, (c) 5–50 parts by weight of a glycol (ether). The optical polyimide resin is obtained by irradiating the photosensitive resin precursor composition with UV light, followed by exposure, heating, development, and then heating. The optical waveguide comprises a core layer comprising the optical polyimide resin, and a cladding layer thereof.Type: GrantFiled: April 29, 2003Date of Patent: May 2, 2006Assignee: Nitto Denko CorporationInventors: Kazunori Mune, Amane Mochizuki, Shunichi Hayashi, Hirofumi Fujii, Takahiro Fukuoka, Ryusuke Naitou
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Patent number: 7035516Abstract: A process for producing a polyimide optical waveguide, including: (a) forming an undercladding layer on a substrate, (b) forming a photosensitive polyimide resin precursor composition layer on the undercladding layer, (c) irradiating the photosensitive polyimide resin precursor composition layer, excepting a region corresponding to a core pattern, with a UV light through a mask, followed by heating (d) removing a UV-unexposed area of the layer by development, (e) heating a UV-exposed area of the layer to imidize the UV-exposed area, thereby forming a cladding layer having a desired pattern, (f) coating the region corresponding to the core pattern and a surface of the cladding layer with a polyamic acid that forms a polyimide resin having a higher refraction index than the polyimide resin of the cladding layer, and imidizing the polyamic acid by heating to form a core layer, and (g) forming an overcladding layer on the core layer.Type: GrantFiled: December 1, 2003Date of Patent: April 25, 2006Assignee: Nitto Denko CorporationInventors: Kazunori Mune, Ryuusuke Naitou, Amane Mochizuki
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Patent number: 7031591Abstract: An optical waveguide-forming material is comprised of a photocurable organopolysiloxane composition comprising an alkali-soluble organopolysiloxane and a photoacid generator, wherein the organopolysiloxane is obtained by (co)hydrolytic condensation of a triorganoxysilane having hydrolyzable epoxide and has an average molecular weight of 500–50,000 as determined by GPC using polystyrene standards. The optical waveguide-forming material, when subjected to pattern formation by photolithography, can be resolved with an alkaline aqueous solution, has a high sensitivity and resolution, and offers a cured film having improved light transmittance, heat resistance and humidity resistance.Type: GrantFiled: July 17, 2003Date of Patent: April 18, 2006Assignee: Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.Inventors: Kinya Kodama, Tsutomu Kashiwagi, Toshio Shiobara
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Patent number: 7031590Abstract: The present invention concerns an optical guide (100) comprising an amplifier medium including: a core (10) in a main matrix of a transparent material, the main matrix containing particules (1, 2), each particule being formed of a submicronic matrix distinct from the main matrix and doped by an active metal element, an external guiding cladding (11) in contact with the core (10). The size of the particules (1, 2) is smaller than 20 nm. The present invention also concerns a method for producing this guide.Type: GrantFiled: March 14, 2003Date of Patent: April 18, 2006Assignee: AlcatelInventors: Laurent Gasca, Alain Pastouret, Christine Moreau, Pascal Baniel, Christian Belouet