Abstract: A fiber optic module according to the invention includes a housing, a light source, a positioning device, and an optical fiber. The housing defines interior and exterior regions of the module. The housing has a source receiving aperture and a fiber receiving aperture. Each aperture extends from the exterior region of the module to the interior region thereof. The light source is attached to the housing and extends at least partially into the interior region of the module through the source receiving aperture. The positioning device is attached to the housing and extends at least partially into the interior region of the module through the fiber receiving aperture. The positioning device has a central axis, an outer diameter that is substantially equal to the diameter of the fiber receiving aperture, and a bore extending through at least a portion thereof. The bore has an axis that is eccentric with respect to the central axis.

Abstract: Apparatuses, systems, and methods which compensate for distortion of optical and electrical signals being transmitted by communications systems and components by changing the effective length of communications cables and waveguides.

Abstract: An optoelectronic module and a method for stabilizing its temperature are disclosed wherein the measurement of the reference temperature for the temperature sensor takes place on the substrate surface for the optoelectronic component, so that high temperature stability is ensured.

Abstract: A semiconductor laser module comprises a semiconductor laser having a front end facet from which output light is emitted, and an optical fiber on which the output light emitted from the semiconductor laser is incident, where the optical fiber has a light feedback portion for reflecting light at a predetermined wavelength. The semiconductor laser is accommodated in a package together with one end side of the optical fiber. The light feedback portion includes a first light feedback portion set at a predetermined reflection center wavelength for determining an oscillating wavelength of the semiconductor laser, and at least one second light feedback portion.

Abstract: A fiber optic lamp includes a lamp housing having a stem section with a passageway therein and a reflector section having a reflective surface. The lamp housing also has first and second circular ledges for receiving and holding in place at least one lens within the lamp housing. A fiber optic cable is provided having a first end for insertion into the passageway of the lamp housing for transmitting light. The second end of the fiber optic cable is connected to a light pump having a light source therein for generating and transmitting light through the fiber optic cable. The fiber optic cable is connected to a socket member of a fixture housing for mounting the stem section of the lamp housing in the fixture housing.

Abstract: The optical transmitter/receiver apparatus of the invention includes: an optical fiber for transmitting/receiving an optical signal therethrough; and a first base including mutually spaced optical signal transmitting and receiving regions and a fiber end supporting region located between the optical signal transmitting and receiving regions. A semiconductor laser device for emitting the optical signal to be transmitted is secured to the optical signal transmitting region of the first base. A fiber end supporting portion for supporting one end of the optical fiber, to which the optical signal emitted from the semiconductor laser device is incident, is formed in the fiber end supporting region of the first base. A second base for supporting the body of the optical fiber is secured to the optical signal receiving region of the first base.

Abstract: A clip to align a fiber optic cable with a light source within a fiber module. The clip may have a pair of sidewalls that are separated by a channel. The fiber optic cable can be located within the channel of the clip and attached to the sidewalls. The sidewall are adjoined by a pair of joining segments. The joining segments are separated by a space which allows a ferrule of the fiber optic cable to be welded to a center location of the clip.

Abstract: A package for optical components and a method for making the package are disclosed. The package comprises a quasi-planar substrate having a positioning floor, a platform and an optional ring frame of precisely determined height. Optical components picked and placed on a substrate floor, a raised platform and frame. A flexure assembly allows fine positioning of components requiring critical optical alignment.

Abstract: An optical fiber connector and cable having a transducer and a receiver for optical transmission is provided. The optical fiber connector includes an optical fiber cable, and first and second connectors. The first connector has a transducer for controlling data transmission, and is connected to one end of the optical fiber cable. The second connector has a receiver for controlling data reception, and is connected to the other end of the optical fiber cable. The first and second connectors are inserted into coaxial cable connectors which are respectively connected to an external transmission interface unit and an external reception interface unit. According to the connector and cable, a transducer and a receiver which are used for optical fiber cable transmission are installed in a connector of an optical fiber cable. Therefore, the connector and optical cable are compatible with digital data transmission systems which exclusively use a coaxial cable.

Abstract: An optical fiber amplifier is proposed comprising at least one pump light source (3), at least one amplifying fiber section (10), and at least one coupler (8) which establishes a connection between the input fiber (1) of the fiber type I, the pump light source (3), the amplifying fiber section (10), and the output fiber (12) of the fiber type I. The amplifying fiber section (10) consists of a fiber type II, and the the splices (2, 11) between the fiber type I and the fiber type II are arranged relative to the amplifying fiber section (10) such that light propagated in the direction opposite to the signal direction and light propagated in the signal direction passes through means absorbent of short wavelengths before it reaches the splices.

Abstract: Optical or optoelectronic array with an assembly holder and an optical or optoelectronic assembly located on it to position the assembly holder on an assembly surface of an optical bench in a way that is movable only in a first plane of adjustment parallel to the assembly surfacewhere the assembly holder has an assembly base for positioning the assembly holder on the assembly surface as well as a seat which is open the entire distance from one outside surface of the assembly holder to the opposite outside surface of the assembly holder, in which the optical or optoelectronic assembly is located and which is formed in such a way that the optical or optoelectronic assembly can be moved relative to the assembly holder only in a second plane of adjustment which is non-parallel to the first plane of adjustment, extending parallel to the directional passage of the seat.

Abstract: An opto-electronic assembly includes an opto-electronic transducer, an optical path and an imaging system in the form of a translucent hollow body having internal optical boundary surfaces forming beam-forming boundary surfaces, in order to achieve effective protection against environmental influences for the opto-electronic transducer and the imaging system in a simple manner. The beam-forming boundary surfaces are preferably in the form of lens surfaces. There is an additional possibility of providing a mirror surface or a reflective surface on the basis of an association between the opto-electronic transducer and the optical path. The opto-electronic transducer and the translucent hollow body are is expediently embedded in a potting compound.

Abstract: An optical transmission system includes a light emitting device: an optical waveguide portion positioned to and disposed on the light emitting device; and a reflecting means for introducing an optical signal generated by the light emitting device to the optical waveguide portion; wherein the optical waveguide portion has a plurality of cores for transmitting the optical signal and a cladding portion for surrounding the cores; the light emitting device has a plurality of light emitting units for separately generating the optical signals; and the light emitting units are disposed in such a manner as to individually correspond to the cores.

Abstract: The present invention provides a ferrule holder comprising an integral assembly which comprises first pinching portions for pinching the side of a ferrule in a optical ferrule-attached fiber through a line contact of about 2 mm in the longitudinal direction of the ferrule and second pinching members for pinching the side of the ferrule through a line contact of about 0.5 mm in the longitudinal direction of the ferrule, when the adjustment of optical axis in the optical ferrule-attached fiber is to be performed before it is optically coupled with an optical part. Since the adjustment of optical axis is performed while pinching the side of the ferrule through the relatively short line contact in the longitudinal direction of the ferrule after the ferrule has been fixed to a first supporting member, the sufficient range of leverage movement can be secured.

Abstract: In an optical transmission device in which a surface-emitting laser and an optical fiber are coupled, a light emitting portion of the surface-emitting laser and an input end of the optical fiber are positioned with high precision.

Abstract: Apparatus and associated method for aligning optical components including lenses, filters, lasers, fiber optics, etc. The apparatus aligns a first optic element and a second optic element and includes a frame and a sleeve. The frame defines a frame bore along a longitudinal axis thereof. The sleeve defines an eccentric bore configured to contain the first optic element or the second optic element. The sleeve is rotatably coupled in the frame bore to align the first optic element with the second optic element in a plane intersected by the longitudinal axis.

Abstract: The portable microscope includes an end plate and pivotable adapter for improved inspection of multiple fiber optic cables in a single connector. The end plate is mounted on the head unit housing of the microscope. The adapter is mounted on a pivot cylinder extending from the end plate. The adapter includes a jig for receiving and retaining a connector. Each fiber optic cable in the connector can be inspected one at a time by pivoting the adapter so that each of the fiber optic cables is in view through the microscope. The adapter also includes an aperture which is positioned over the head of the fastener used to connect the end plate to the housing. The pivoting movement of the adapter is limited by the engagement of the aperture against the head of the fastener.

Abstract: An optical coupling assembly is described that optically aligns an opto-electronic device, such as a Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL) chip, with a fiber optic coupler upon a heatsink substrate. The assembly has a number of biasing elements that acts against the coupler to provide contact with mating surfaces. Adjustment devices, such as screws, acting against the coupler and biasing elements, are adjusted until the fiber optic transmitting elements of the coupler align with the opto-electronic device light emitting elements. Photodetectors disposed upon a distal end of the coupler receive the light from the opto-electronic device, and provide a mechanism to detect optimum alignment.

Abstract: An optical subsystem includes a passive optical element having a lens element eccentric therein. The passive optical element is provided adjacent to an optical element on a submount and orthogonal to the submount. The alignment of the passive optical element and the optical element on the submount may be realized by rotating the passive optical element. The alignment may be further enhanced by translating the passive optical element and the optical element on the submount relative to one another. Once desired alignment is achieved, the passive optical element is secured to the submount.

Abstract: A system and method for the automated alignment and assembly of a first end of an optical fiber to an optical module includes a second optical module generally adjacent a second end of the optical fiber and connected to a computer. The computer monitors the optical transmission between the two modules through the optical fiber and controls movement of the first end of the optical fiber to optimize the position of the first end of the optical fiber relative to the first optical module.

Abstract: There is provided a micro actuator displacing a micro portion by use of an electrostatic force, the micro actuator comprising a first stationary part; a displacement part spaced apart from the first stationary part by a predetermined distance in a confronting manner, the displacememt part being displaceable relative to the first stationary part; a second stationary part; the lock parts being displaceable relative to the second stationary part; wherein the displacement part is displaced by application of a voltage between the first stationary part and the displacement part, the lock parts being displaced by application of a voltage between the second stationary part and the lock parts, and wherein the lock parts clamp the displacement part with no voltage applied, the lock parts releasing the displacement part with a voltage applied.

Abstract: Assembly allowing for connection of optical fibres with optical or optoelectronic components and process for manufacturing this assembly. According to the invention, at least one fibre support (4, 6) is formed including, for each fibre (2), a V-shaped housing. The support and the component (32) are attached to a substrate (12) with meltable elements (16, 38) and the fibre is positioned in the housing so as to vertically align the fibre with the component, horizontal alignment being obtained by the melted elements. Application is to microelectronics.

Abstract: The specification describes an alignment and attachment process for coupling optical components, such as lasers and photodiodes, to fiber pigtails. The alignment function is shared between two separate pieces of equipment, an alignment tool, and an alignment/attachment tool. Throughput for the alignment/attachment tool, typically an expensive tool, is increased by performing preliminary alignments using the less expensive alignment tool. The preliminary alignment generates coordinates for the position of the optical axis in optical components. These coordinates are transferred to the alignment/attachment tool thus reducing the portion of the time budget in the alignment/attachment apparatus that needs to be devoted to the alignment function. Thus at least a part of the time consuming alignment operations are done in parallel with the alignment/attachment process.

Abstract: An optical connector includes a plug unit and a counter plug unit, each comprise of two components. Each component comprises a receiving portion for receiving and fixing at least two optical fibers and an adjusting portion having adjusters to adjust the optical fibers in a defined position. The adjusting portion provides for the insertion of a connector by having elongate V-shaped grooves, with one of the optical fibers being aligned in each of the grooves by the adjusting portion.

Abstract: A fiber optic connector system for connecting at least one optical fiber cable mounted near the edge of a planar substrate to a backplane, each optical fiber cable including a plurality of optical fibers and a terminating ferrule, the longitudinal orientation of the optical fibers within the terminating ferrule defining a longitudinal axis and a forward direction, the ferrule having a first longitudinal range of motion x1 and a ferrule spring element having a longitudinal ferrule spring force fn,. The optical connector system includes a substrate housing assembly and a backplane housing assembly. The substrate housing assembly is designed to be mounted on the planar substrate and includes at least one ferrule receiving cavity for receiving the optical fiber ferrule, and a substrate housing assembly spring.

Abstract: The optoelectronic coupling element is adjustable, during production, with regard to an optimal light path. A coupling part has a coupling device for coupling light out of a light path into at least one light guide element and/or for coupling light out of the at least one light guide element into the light path. A component carrier has one or more optical semiconductors. A first and a second optical deflector are sandwiched between the coupling part and the component carrier. The two optical deflectors, which are disposed parallel to one another, form a light path between the coupling device and the optical semiconductor(s). The light path is optimized by moving the second optical deflector relative to the first, parallel-mounted, optical deflector and by thereby minimizing a loss in conducting the light through. Then the elements are fixed relative to one another.

Abstract: An assembly for aligning at least one optical component with respect to a light path is described. This assembly includes a substrate having at least one integrally formed, flexural member defined by one portion of the substrate and a primary substrate portion defined by another portion of the substrate. The flexural member includes a component mounting area such that the optical component is mountable thereon and, when the optical component is so mounted, the optical component is movably alignable in the light path by displacement of the component mounting area of the flexural member relative to the primary substrate portion.

Abstract: A semiconductor laser module includes a light-emitting element, an optical resonator having a pair of opposed reflectors for mutually reflecting the light emitted from the light-emitting element, and an optical fiber for leading out the laser light generated by the light-emitting element. The semiconductor laser module is used as a light source in a wavelength multiplex communication system. The light-emitting element is contained in a package. One of the reflectors of the optical resonator is a reflective film formed on one edge face of the light-emitting element and the other reflector is a diffraction grating formed close to the end portion of the optical fiber.

Abstract: A light receiving/emitting element module is provided by the invention, in which a light receiving/emitting element of a face light receiving/emitting type can be easily aligned and fixed with precision, and whose cost is low. At element loading surface (10) side of element loading substrate (1) onto which face light emitting laser array (8) is loaded, substrate side fitting parts (5) are provided, and ferrule side fitting parts (4) are provided in ferrule (2). Element loading surface (10) of element loading substrate (1) and connection end face (9) of ferrule (2) are disposed opposite each other, common micro balls (6) are fitted in the substrate side fitting parts (5) and ferrule side fitting parts (4) opposite each other to fix ferrule (2) and element loading substrate (1).

Abstract: An apparatus and method of optical switching wherein a plurality of individual activation strips (18) are adhered longitudinally upon an optical channel, such as an optical fiber (14) to cause the fiber to undulate in 2½ dimensions when the activation strips are activated. The activation strips are activated with a constant or varying electrical source and are located at the free end of the optical fiber. Contraction and expansion of respective activation strips causes a free end of the optical fiber to be displaced or to undulate. A multichannel switch (100) operates by moving the free end of the selected input fiber and the free end of the selected output fiber toward one another so that the signal is sent from the input to the output fiber.

Abstract: An optical module includes an optical element and a substrate firmly connected to each other, wherein the optical element includes metal marks for positional alignment with the substrate, and the substrate includes a V-shape groove as an optical member mounting section and etching marks for alignment with the optical element, wherein the etching marks are formed using the same mask used for forming the optical member mounting section, so that a dispersion in the coupling efficiency among individual modules can be suppressed, improving the yield of the manufactured optical modules.

Abstract: A low cost device that provides a true die to external fiber optic connection. The device includes a semiconductor die having a first surface, an integrate circuit fabricated on the first surface of the semiconductor die and a package encapsulating the semiconductor die. The device also includes a module mounted onto the package and configured to receive an external fiber optic cable. An opto-electric device, housed in the module is optically coupled to the fiber optic cable when the cable is inserted into the module. To provide the direct die to external fiber optic connection, at least one electrical conductor is provided between the integrated circuit fabricated the semiconductor die, through the package and module, and directly to the opto-electrical device.

Abstract: A fiber optic connector module includes a ferrule terminated to at least one optical fiber. The ferrule is mounted within a manually manipulatable housing having a front portion encapsulating the ferrule and a rear portion extending rearwardly of the front portion for manual grasping by an operator. The front portion has an open front end through which a mating end of the ferrule projects and an open rear end through which the optical fiber extends.

Abstract: Apparatus for the connection of an optical fibre via its end, which is provided with a connection piece (1), to an electro-optical or opto-electrical converter (2) having a housing (3), an optical lens (16) which is inserted in the housing and is accessible with one side from the outside, an apparatus for the conversion of light into electrical signals or vice versa which is arranged in the housing (3) and an electrical signal output (5), with, for the improvement of the performance of the system, in particular for the reduction of the damping at the connection point, mechanical connection means (8, 12) being moulded at the converter housing (3) through which an optical fibre can be secured at the converter housing (3) with its end surface lying opposite to the optical lens (16).

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for aligning an array of optical devices with optical processing equipment. The method includes the steps of providing a transparent substrate with a plurality of optical transmission paths passing directly through the substrate, providing a plurality of alignment guides on the optical array, providing a complementary plurality of respective alignment guides on the transparent substrate and guiding the optical devices of the array into alignment with the substrate using respective pairs of the alignment guides on the optical array and transparent substrate.

Abstract: The current invention provides a method and apparatus for aligning optical components including lenses, filters, lasers, fiber optics, etc. It may be used with particular advantage for the alignment of a fiber optic with active or passive optical components. It is inexpensive to fabricate. It does away with the need for expensive setup equipment. It allows optical components to be aligned with a high degree of accuracy and permanence. It has a small form factor.

Abstract: An integrated packaging system that comprises an integral mechanical support, a printed circuit board and the optical communications device. The mechanical support includes a first support element and a second support element. The first support element extends at a non-zero angle from the second support element. The printed circuit board includes a first portion and a second portion in contact with the first support element and the second support element, respectively. The optical communications device is mechanically coupled to the first support element of the mechanical support and is electrically connected to the first portion of the printed circuit board. The integrated packaging system preferably provides automatic alignment between the optical communications device and one or both of an optical element and an optical fiber. In this case, the first support element includes a device alignment feature.

Abstract: A method, system and computer program product for assembling an optical module incorporates a far field pattern (FFP) optical measurement system and optionally a near field pattern (NFP) optical measurement system to obtain information about the axis and/or the divergent angle of light output from the optical elements to be assembled as part of the optical module. The optical elements include a light-emitting element, such as a laser diode, and at least one optical component, such as a collimating lens or a focusing lens. The system for assembling the optical module further includes a stage having the light-emitting element mounted thereon, a holding mechanism configured to hold and position the optical components to desired positions based on the measurements from the FFP and/or NFP optical measurement systems. A controller can control the stage, the holding mechanism and a fixing device configured to fix the positions of the optical elements once the optical elements are positioned in the desired positions.

Abstract: When finely aligning an optical fiber, attached in groove of a carrier, with a surface area of an optical element such as a laser, the plate-shaped carrier is plastically deformed by having suitable tools displace or act on the carrier at the end of the fiber, within a deformation region. For facilitating the plastic deformation slots are made around the deformation region, so that a weakened area is obtained quite at the end surface of the fiber. The fine alignment can be made either for correcting the position of erroneously mounted optical building elements or for a fine alignment of building elements, which have beer mounted without necessarily trying to achieve a very high accuracy. The very alignment procedure can be executed when simultaneously measuring the efficiency of the interface, by activating the laser to emit light into the optical fiber. This light can be detected by a light detector, so that the deformation process can be made in order to obtain maximum output power at the end of the fiber.

Abstract: Optical structures and method for producing tunable waveguide lasers. In one embodiment, a waveguide is defined within a glass substrate doped with a rare-earth element or elements by ion diffusion. Feedback elements such as mirrors or reflection gratings in the waveguide further define a laser-resonator cavity so that laser light is output from the waveguide when pumped optically or otherwise. Means are disclosed for varying the wavelengths reflected by the reflection gratings and varying the effective length of the resonator cavity to thereby tune the laser to a selected wavelength. Apparatus and method for integrating rare-earth doped lasers and optics on glass substrates. The invention includes a laser component formed from a glass substrate doped with a optically active lanthanides species with a plurality of waveguides defined by channels within the substrate.

Abstract: An automatic fiber pigtailing machine (AFPM) is disclosed. The AFPM provides precise coupling between a fiber pigtail and an optoelectronic (OE) device based on the fidelity of signal transfer across a junction between the fiber and OE device. The AFPM uses a positioning system with a high frequency closed loop optical feedback of a modulated signal to/from the device under assembly (DUA). Local/global maximums in the fidelity of the modulated signal are correlated with relative orientations/alignment/positions of the various components of the DUA to determine the preferred orientation/alignment/positions between the various components for the completed assembly. In an embodiment of the invention the fiber optic extends from a first surface of a generally rectangular package and the electrical interface to the OE device is defined on a surface orthogonal to the first surface.

Abstract: An integrated packaging system that comprises an integral mechanical support, a printed circuit board and the optical communications device. The mechanical support includes a first support element and a second support element. The first support element extends at a non-zero angle from the second support element. The printed circuit board includes a first portion and a second portion in contact with the first support element and the second support element, respectively. The optical communications device is mechanically coupled to the first support element of the mechanical support and is electrically connected to the first portion of the printed circuit board. The integrated packaging system preferably provides automatic alignment between the optical communications device and one or both of an optical element and an optical fiber. In this case, the first support element includes a device alignment feature.

Abstract: A method for calibrating an optoelectronic component having a light emitter/receiver unit and a connection unit includes the steps of setting an initial relative position of a first part and a second part of the connection unit. After that, the first part is displaced in a reference plane relative to the light emitter/receiver unit. Next, the first part is affixed to the light emitter/receiver unit. Then the second part is displaced relative to the first part and is also affixed to the light emitter/receiver unit. An optoelectronic component is also provided.

Abstract: An automated optical chip holder for use in a pigtailing system precisely positions an optical chip at a predetermined location in three-dimensional space to align the optical chip within the pigtailing system. An adjustable chuck assembly is driven by a stepper motor under PLC control to position optical chip. After alignment, the optical chip is clamped by the adjustable chuck assembly during the pigtailing process to prevent the optical chip from moving out of alignment. This significantly reduces the occurrence of glue-joint failure and misalignment due to retraction stress. The clamp is fabricated using soft resilient materials at the point of contact with the chip. Thus, uniform pressure is exerted on the chip, micro-vibrations are absorbed, damage to the chip is reduced, and the necessity of precision motion control of the chuck assembly is avoided.

Abstract: A fiber optic connector and an associated fabrication method where the connector has a connector housing having a base side, a and pair of sidewalls upstanding from the base side that are spaced apart in relation to each other, and each of the housing sidewalls define at least one aperture through which optical signals can be transmitted into and out of the housing by an input optical fiber and an output optical fiber, respectively, located in fixed positions outside the housing, a pair of optical lens elements are contained within the housing which collimate optical signals transmitted via the respective optical fibers, and a micro-alignable sensing fiber is arranged between the lens elements. The sensing fiber is precisely aligned with respective lens elements within submicron tolerances using internally-housed micro-aligners. As a result, the fiber optic connector of the present invention can provide efficient coupling between optical fibers, such as optical fibers in two spliced composite parts.

Abstract: A two-part device for protecting optoelectronic units formed or mounted on a substrate is disclosed wherein the units have at least one optical fiber pigtail, and wherein one part of the device has a cutout which corresponds to the shape and size of the optoelectronic unit and is filled with a curable substance adapted to the physical requirements of the optoelectronic unit.

Abstract: An optical fiber connector comprising a manipulator 11 in the form a cylindrical tube having a throughbore 12 which receives a carrier 13 in the form a cylindrical tube having a throughbore 14. The carrier 13 receives an optical fiber assembly 15 which is to be coupled to another optical component by means of the connector. The manipulator 11 has two pairs of adjustment screws 18a, 18b and 19a, 19b, which can be used to displace the carrier and optical fiber assembly within the manipulator. The manipulator also includes two adjustable spring plungers 22 for applying a variable resilient biassing force to urge the carrier against the contact points of the adjustment means when it is inserted into the manipulator. The carrier 13 includes plural pads 24, which have flat, planar surfaces 25 and protruding studs 26 mounted therein. The pads are arranged in holes 27 in the carrier body such that their flat surfaces form part of the outer surface of the carrier.

Abstract: The optical module comprises a substrate consisting of single member. This substrate can mount an optical fiber, a ferrule, and a semiconductor optical device. The substrate has first, second, and third regions successively arranged along a predetermined axis. The substrate also has a ferrule support groove, an optical fiber support groove, and a device mount portion. The ferrule support groove is formed in the first region and extends along the predetermined axis. The optical fiber support groove is formed in the second region and extends along the predetermined axis. The device mount portion is formed in the third region. The semiconductor optical device is provide to be optically coupled to the optical fiber.

Abstract: On one side of a transparent structure 31 molded of glass, plastics or the like there is formed integrally therewith a prismatic protrusion 31A, and an optical fiber 15 is disposed on the transparent structure 31 and positioned with its one end face abutted against a positioning surface 33 of the prismatic protrusion 31A. A light emitting or receiving device 37 is positioned relative to the other side of the transparent structure 31 by using fiducial marks and fixedly disposed by face down bonding in opposing relation to the prismatic protrusion 31A. Between the light emitting or receiving surface of the light emitting or receiving device 37 and a core exposed in one end face of the optical fiber 15 abutting against the positioning surface 33 there is formed an optical path in which a slope 34 of the prismatic protrusion 31A serves as a reflecting surface.

Abstract: The present invention disclose a method comprising the steps of fixing a first device to a first housing using a first manufacturing process and fixing a second device to a first housing using a second manufacturing process. The first device can be a laser and the second device an optical fiber. After the first and second device have been fixed to the first housing, the first device lies at a first position relative to the second device. The first device, the second device, and the first housing comprise a first sample. The first sample can be flexed by an amount y1. The first sample is next subjected to a deterioration process such as baking. After the deterioration process it is determined whether the first device lies within a range of the first position relative to the second device. The method may also comprise fixing a third device and a fourth device to a second housing using the same first and second manufacturing processes as for the first sample.