Abstract: An information system comprises a card and a card reader. The card and the card reader can be coupled by an optical communication module and an optical power transfer module. Operations of the card can be powered by the power transferred from the card reader through the optical power transfer module.

Abstract: A compact optical transceiver is provided by using a serial communication bus as a communication bus connecting a logic device and a microcomputer. This optical transceiver is connected through an MDIO bus to an external upper layer and is provided with a microcomputer, a logic device, the MDIO bus, a serial communication bus, and a first dedicated signal line. The microcomputer has an MDIO register. The logic device receives a command code, address information, and a single data block from the upper layer through the MDIO bus, transmits the address information and the single data block to the microcomputer through the serial communication bus, and transmits the OP code to the microcomputer through the first dedicated signal line.

Abstract: The present invention provides a high-speed 100 G optical transceiver for InfiniBand and Ethernet with associated mapping to frame InfiniBand and Ethernet into GFP-T. The optical transceiver utilizes an architecture which relies on standards-compliant (i.e., multi-sourced) physical client interfaces. These client interfaces are back-ended with flexible, programmable Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) modules to accomplish either InfiniBand or Ethernet protocol control, processing, reframing, and the like. Next, signals are encoded with Forward Error Correction (FEC) and can include additional Optical Transport Unit (OTU) compliant framing structures. The resulting data is processed appropriately for the subsequent optical re-transmission, such as, for example, with differential encoding, Gray encoding, I/Q Quadrature encoding, and the like. The data is sent to an optical transmitter block and modulated onto an optical carrier. Also, the same process proceeds in reverse on the receive side.

Abstract: Disclosed are optical transceiver modules for use with electronic devices. In one embodiment, an optical transceiver module has a circuit board assembly for receiving and transmitting optical signals with a connector shell that is attached to the circuit board so that the circuit board is disposed outside the shell. The optical transceiver module also includes a faceplate that may have one or more attachment features for securing the faceplate and/or optical transceiver module to a device. By arranging the circuit board outside the shell of the optical transceiver module the footprint of the module is greatly reduced, thereby providing an advantageous arrangement for fitting into electronic devices having a relatively thin profile. Further, the optical transceiver module may optionally include one or more electrical contacts.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a visible light communication method and apparatus. The visible light communication method includes determining whether a current location is the start of a symbol of a transmission signal, setting a sample index, a signal accumulated value for an accumulation region of a front half portion of the symbol, and a signal accumulated value for an accumulation region of a rear half portion of the symbol, determining whether the sample index belongs to an accumulation region of the front or rear half portion of the symbol, and accumulating samples of the transmission signal in accordance with the location to which the sample index belongs, determining whether a current location corresponds to the end of the symbol, and outputting a Variable Pulse Position Modulation (VPPM) communication signal corresponding to the transmission signal.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a smart small form-factor pluggable (SSFP) transceiver—compatible with SFP size, power, and interconnection standards—includes an optical transceiver, an electrical connector, a protocol processing engine, and a CPU. The SSFP transceiver is configured for use at a client site having no network interface device (NID). The SSFP transceiver (1) mates to a client's network device at an electrical interface within the network device and (2) connects to a network provider's central office (CO) node via an optical cable at an optical interface. The SSFP transceiver is configured to (1) be powered by the network device, (2) power-up upon mating with the network device, (3) be configured by a remote management agent (RMA) of the network provider for communication with the provider network, (4) respond to/generate Operation, Administration, and Management (OAM) messages from/for the CO node, and (5) provide OAM demarcation functions of a conventional NID.

Abstract: A system includes two optical modules that perform auto-setting of the optical links between the optical modules. One optical module sends an optical signal with a test pattern to the other optical module. If the receiving module determines that the test pattern is successfully received, it sends a pass indication to the transmitting module, and the transmitting module can configure its driver path in accordance with a transmit current setting used to transmit the test pattern. If the test pattern is not successfully received, the receiving module sends a fail indication, and the transmitting module can increase the transmit current setting and resend the test pattern. When the system includes multiple optical channels, one channel can be tested while feedback is provided on another channel. The system can iterate through all optical channels until they are all configured.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a synchronization method suitable for increasing the receiving speed in the receiving part of an orthogonal optical frequency division multiplexing (OOFDM) transceiver.

Abstract: A beam forming antenna device emitting a predetermined free space energy pattern, the device including: an optical signal source having predetermined wavelength characteristics; an optical modulator for modulating predetermined wavelengths of the optical signal source to produce a modulated signal source including frequency sideband components; a dispersion element for spreading and projecting the modulated signal source in a wavelength dependant manner onto a relative phase manipulation element; a relative phase manipulation element manipulating the relative phase of the modulated signal source in a predetermined manner, said phase manipulation element further amplitude modulating predetermined wavelengths of said modulated signal source and outputting a predetermined groupings of wavelengths on a series of output ports; optical to electrical conversion means converting the amplitude of the optical signal on said output ports to a corresponding electrical signal; and a series of irradiating antenna elements

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to reliably prevent deterioration and failure of reception relevant parts in a transmission apparatus on a reception side without using an attenuator. An output value control method that controls an output value of output information transmitted from each of transmission apparatuses, in which a transmission apparatus transmits the output information having a minimum output value as the output value to the other transmission apparatus, and when the output information does not reach the other transmission apparatus, the transmission apparatus repeats transmission of the output information after increasing the own output value by adding a predetermined value to a previous output value, and then the other transmission apparatus that has received the output information calculates the output value of the transmission apparatus, and notifies the calculated output value of the transmission apparatus as an appropriate output value to the transmission apparatus.

Abstract: One or more servers may receive an instruction to change a modulation format, associated with one or more optical channels, from a first modulation format to a second modulation format; provide the instruction to change the modulation format to a network device, associated with the one or more optical channels, to cause the network device to change the modulation format, associated with the one or more optical channels, from the first modulation format to the second modulation format; and determine that a license repository is to be updated based on receiving the instruction to change the modulation format. The license repository may store one or more licenses. The one or more servers may generate a license update instruction to update the license repository based on determining that the license repository is to be updated and output the license update instruction to cause the license repository to be updated.

Abstract: A transmitter reduces or minimizes pulse narrowing. In one approach, an optical transmitter is designed to transmit data over an optical fiber at a specified data rate using on-off keying. The transmitter includes a pre-converter electrical channel and a limiting E/O converter. The pre-converter electrical channel produces a pre-converter signal that drives the limiting E/O converter. The pre-converter electrical channel is designed to reduce pulse narrowing in the pre-converter signal. In one implementation, the pre-converter electrical channel includes a pre-emphasis filter that is designed to minimize pulse width shrinkage.

Abstract: Integrated performance monitoring (PM); optical layer operations, administration, maintenance, and provisioning (OAM&P); alarming; amplification, and the like is described in optical transceivers, such as multi-source agreement (MSA)-defined modules. An optical transceiver defined by an MSA agreement can include advanced integrated functions for carrier-grade operation which preserves the existing MSA specifications allowing the optical transceiver to operate with any compliant MSA host device with advanced features and functionality. The optical transceiver can include CFP and variants thereof (e.g., CFP2, CDFP, CXP), OIF-MSA-100GLH-EM-01.0, CCRx (Compact Coherent Receiver), Quad Small Form-factor Pluggable (QSFP) and variants thereof (e.g., QSFP+, QSFP2), 10×10 MSA, XFP, XPAK, XENPAK, X2, XFP-E, SFP, SFP+, 300-pin, and the like.

Abstract: An optical communication module in which the pin arrangement can be applied flexibly. An optical communication module has an outer shape formed based on normal standards and which is able to communicate with a host-side circuit board, etc. to which it is fitted, via a predetermined communication interface; wherein the optical communication module exchanges input/output I/F information with the circuit board, etc., and the communication interface can be switched to another communication interface based on these input/output I/F information.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a tunable 50 GHz and 100 GHz channel spacing DWDM transceiver, and methods of making and using the same. The transceiver comprises an electro-absorption modulation laser (EML), a system board configured to compare a preset wavelength with an actual emission wavelength of the EML, a microcontroller and one or more associated registers configured to communicate with the system board, a temperature controlling circuit configured to stabilize the actual emission wavelength of the EML; and a wavelength meter connected to the output of the EML and having an output connected to the system board. The system board may be configured to provide a feedback loop from the EML to the microcontroller. The transceiver, suitable for 50 GHz channel spacing standards, can be made from existing standard transceivers and can switch between 50 GHz and 100 GHz channel spacing modes.

Abstract: A method for data processing of an optical network unit is provided, the method comprising the steps of receiving a configuration information at the optical network unit, adjusting a light signal to a wavelength or wavelength range indicated by the configuration information, demodulating an incoming optical signal by means of the light signal, mixing the demodulated incoming optical signal with a signal generated by an oscillator and generating a modulated optical upstream signal modulating the light signal by means of a software radio, so that the resulting optical upstream frequency can be shifted with respect to the frequency of the local oscillator by a programmable amount. Furthermore, an according device and a communication system are suggested comprising at least one such device.

Abstract: Disclosed is a receptable optical amplifier. The receptable optical amplifier is detachably plugged in a switch device and has a pluggable type so as to be detachably plugged at a position in which a transceiver of the existing switch device is mounted. A body part 100 is provided with a placing part 112 therein, a controller 140 serving as a printed circuit board is mounted in the placing part 112, the controller 140 is provided with an EDF 160 at a lower portion thereof, and a passive and active device 150 at an upper portion thereof, and the receptable optical amplifier includes first and second isolators, a WDM coupler, a pumping LD, and a coupler equipped PD.

Abstract: A computer system with modular optical components. The computer system includes a controller. The controller includes an analog interface that can deliver and/or receive analog signals to and/or from an optical component. The controller further includes a digital interface that is able to receive a digital representation of operating characteristics of the optical component.

Abstract: An insert-molded fiber optic transmission component has at least one insert and a main body portion. The main body portion has at least one adjoining surface, a portion of the at least one adjoining surface lying in a first plane. The insert has an engaging face disposed against the outer edge surface and a reference surface adjacent the engaging face, where the reference surface lies in a second plane, and the adjoining surface is adjacent the engaging face of the at least one insert and the first and second planes being parallel to and offset from one another.

Abstract: A transceiver card for a telecommunications box for transmitting data over a first optical fiber and receiving data over a second optical fiber. The card has transmitter for transmitting data over the first optical fiber, the transmitter having a laser and a modulator, a fiber output optically connected to the laser for connecting the first optical fiber to the card, a fiber input for connecting the second optical fiber to the card, a receiver optically connected to the fiber input for receiving data from the second optical fiber, and an OTDR optically connected between the transmitter and the fiber output or between the receiver and the fiber input. An energy level detector is also provided between the receiver and the fiber input.

Abstract: A Quad Small Form-Factor Pluggable (QSFP) transceiver module is provided that is configured to interface with a QSFP host and to send and receive a plurality of data signals at a data rate of up to forty gigabits per second (40 G). A plurality of 10GBase-T ports with Registered Jack (RJ) 45 connectors is also provided, wherein each of the 10GBase-T ports is configured to interface with a 10GBase-T device to send and receive a plurality of data signals at a data rate of ten gigabits per second (10 G). Cables are configured to interface with the QSFP transceiver module and with corresponding ones of the 10GBase-T ports with the RJ45 connectors. Each of the plurality of cables operates as a data channel for data flow between the QSFP transceiver module and the corresponding ones of the 10GBase-T ports with the RJ45 connectors.

Abstract: Aspects of the invention provide transmitters and receivers for managing multiple optical signals. High order modulation, such as phase and/or amplitude modulation, is used to achieve multiple bits per symbol by transporting multiple asynchronous data streams in an optical transport system. One or more supplemental multiplexing techniques such as time division multiplexing, polarization multiplexing and sub-carrier multiplexing may be used in conjunction with the high order modulation processing. This may be done in various combinations to realize a highly spectrally efficient multi-data stream transport mechanism. The system receives a number of asynchronous signals which are unframed and synchronized, and then reframed and tagged prior to the high order modulation. Differential encoding may also be performed. Upon reception of the multiplexed optical signal, the receiver circuitry may employ either direct detection without a local oscillator or coherent detection with a local oscillator.

Abstract: An optical communication module includes a substrate, an optical signal receiving unit, an optical signal emitting unit and a coupler. The substrate includes a first surface and a second surface. The substrate defines through holes passing through the first and second surfaces. The optical signal receiving unit includes optical-electrical signal converters. The optical signal emitting unit includes optical signal generators. Each of the optical-electrical signal converters and the optical signal generators is mounted on the first surface and aligned with a corresponding one of the through holes. The coupler includes coupling lenses. The coupler is fixed to the second surface. Each of the optical-electrical signal converters and the optical signal generators is aligned with a corresponding coupling lens through the corresponding through hole.

Abstract: A BOSA package comprising only one cylindrical TO package comprising a ROSA and a TOSA, and an optical port in optical communication with the ROSA and the TOSA. Also disclosed is a TO package comprising a TOSA for transmitting a first optical signal, a ROSA for receiving a second optical signal, an optical communication window, and a TFF positioned such that the first optical signal transmitted from the TOSA is reflected by the TFF toward the optical communication window and the second optical signal received from the optical communication window passes through the TFF and to the ROSA.

Abstract: An optical transceiver and/or optical network, and methods of monitoring optical transceivers, may be useful for increasing the dynamic range and/or determining the received signal strength and/or link budget of the optical transceiver and/or a different optical transceiver in the optical network. The circuitry generally comprises a photodiode configured to generate a first current responsive to an optical signal, a current mirror configured to produce a second current equal or proportional to the first current, and a nonlinear element configured to produce a first voltage from the first current.

Abstract: A bidirectional interface for multimode optical fiber includes a receive/transmit optical fiber port operable to connect to a multimode optical fiber, a wavelength separating module in communication with the receive/transmit optical fiber port, an optical receiver module in communication with the wavelength separating module and configured to receive optical signals at a first wavelength via the wavelength separating module and the receive/transmit optical fiber port, and an optical transmit module in communication with the wavelength separating module and configured to transmit at a second wavelength via the wavelength separating module and the receive/transmit optical fiber port.

Abstract: A method includes monitoring a use of a cable assembly that includes a communication cable terminated by a termination module. Data indicative of the use is written to a writeable non-volatile memory in the termination module. The use of the cable assembly is acted upon by reading the data from the non-volatile memory.

Abstract: Multiple pins extend from the outside to the inside of an optical sub-assembly. A light receiver or a light transmitter is arranged inside the optical sub-assembly. A receiver circuit and transmitter circuit (TX) are arranged inside the optical sub-assembly and connected between the multiple pins and the light receiver and the light transmitter. The receiver circuit comprises a receiver communication interface in order to transform an output signal of the light receiver into a communication signal, and wherein the transmitter circuit comprises a transmitter communication interface to transform a communication signal into an input signal of the light transmitter. A control interface is connected with the receiver circuit and the transmitter circuit arranged inside the optical sub-assembly, wherein the control interface is connectable to two of the multiple pins.

Abstract: A method of generating an optical radiation signal is to be implemented by an optical radiation signal generating device including a dual beam generating unit for receiving an original optical input signal, and a second-order fiber Bragg grating (FBG). The dual-beam generating unit is configured to generate, from the original optical input signal, first and second optical input signals having a phase difference therebetween. The second-order FBG is configured to receive the first and second optical input signals, and to radiate an optical radiation signal by interference between the first and second optical input signals.

Abstract: An optical transmission circuit comprises a light emitting element and a differential amplifier circuit to which differential input signals are input to modulate an optical output of the light emitting element. The differential amplifier circuit includes a first current source, a first transistor, a second transistor, a third transistor, and a fourth transistor. The first current source is connected to a first potential source and the sources of the third and the fourth transistor are connected to a second potential source. The differential amplifier circuit includes a second current source having one end that is connected to a third potential and another end that is connected to a drain of the second transistor, and a fifth transistor having a gate that is connected to the gate of the fourth transistor, a source that is connected to the second potential, and a drain that is connected to the light emitting element.

Abstract: A method of communicating data between a network device and a data network to which the device is connected via an optical fiber data link in which the device is connected to the optical fiber data link and the connection is monitored to detect data communication at a first standard. If data communication is detected at the first standard, data communication is established using the first standard. If not, the connection is monitored at the second standard. If data communication is detected at the second standard, data communication is established using the second standard.

Abstract: A controller for optical components. A controller includes mixed signal interface that is configured to connect to an optical component external to the controller. The mixed signal interface is able to deliver and/or receive signals to and/or from the optical component. The controller includes a digital interface that is able to connect to a memory external to the controller. The digital interface may receive a digital representation of operating characteristics of the optical component. The controller is configured to deliver and/or receive signals to and/or from the optical component based on the digital representation of operating characteristics.

Abstract: Implementations of an apparatus including an optical circuit switch (OCS) having a plurality of OCS input/output ports, at least one optical circulator having a port optically coupled to a corresponding one of the plurality of OCS input/output ports and a reflection mitigation positioned in the optical path between each optical circulator port and its corresponding OCS input/output port and/or in the optical path inside the OCS. A corresponding optical transceiver is optically coupled to each of the at least one optical circulators. Each optical transceiver includes a transmitter optically coupled to one port of the optical circulator and a receiver optically coupled to another port of the optical circulator.

Abstract: A miniature pluggable video module having a length less than one inch, and a width less than three quarters of an inch, and a plurality of pin connectors attached to the back of the housing. The pluggable video module can be mounted horizontally or vertically. Inputs and outputs of the module can be adapted to include various types of optical or electrical connectors. The inputs and outputs of the module can be modified into various combinations of optical or electrical configurations, and the combinations of inputs and outputs also can be modified.

Abstract: Chip identification pads for identification of integrated circuits in an assembly. In one example embodiment, an integrated circuit (IC) assembly includes a controller, a plurality of ICs, a shared communication bus connecting the controller to the plurality of ICs and configured to enable communication between the controller and each of the plurality of ICs, and a set of one or more chip identification pads formed on each IC. Each set of chip identification pads has an electrical connection pattern. The electrical connection pattern of each set is distinct from the electrical connection pattern on every other set. Each distinct electrical connection pattern represents a unique identifier of the corresponding IC thereby enabling the controller to distinguish between the ICs.

Abstract: At the time of assembly of an optical transmission/reception module, a test variable wavelength light source 22 for outputting a test light signal is connected to a connector 8 of an optical fiber 7, and a large-diameter PD 23 measures a transmission loss in a light wavelength band limiting filter 12 while a rotational position determining unit 24 rotates a fiber ferrule 5, so that the rotational position determining unit 24 determines the rotational position ?loss-min of the fiber ferrule 5 which minimizes the transmission loss in the light wavelength band limiting filter 12, and aligns the fiber ferrule 5 at the rotational position ?loss-min.

Abstract: A pluggable platform in small form factor is described. In one embodiment, the pluggable platform is designed to accommodate passive optical devices and may retrofit into an existing system. Further, the pluggable platform in small form factor is provided with an interface for tractability of the passive optical devices being supported.

Abstract: A circuit, optical transceiver and/or methods for using the same may be useful for determining average power, extinction ratio, and/or modulation amplitude when monitoring an optical transceiver and/or optical network. The circuit generally comprises a photodiode configured to generate a first current responsive to an optical signal, a current mirror coupled to a first terminal of the photodiode, and a detector coupled to a second terminal of the photodiode. The current mirror is configured to produce a second current equal to or proportional to the first current, and the detector is configured to determine a power or amplitude of the optical signal. Further, the present scheme may communicate information using a low speed signal superimposed on or combined with the relatively high speed optical signal.

Abstract: An optical receiver, within a first device, may receive first configuration information from an optical transmitter, also within the first device. While receiving the first configuration information, the optical receiver may operate according to a clock. Later, the optical receiver may receive optical data from a second device according to the first configuration. While receiving the optical data from the second device, the optical receiver does not operate according to the clock, wherein the optical receiver not operating according to the clock allows the optical receiver to receive the optical data with greater sensitivity.

Abstract: A substantially 400 Gb/s optical transceiver includes a substantially 400 Gb/s optical transmitter which includes a set of four substantially 100 Gb/s tunable optical transmitters, each transmitting a substantially 100 Gb/s optical signal in a wavelength division multiplexed form over four channel wavelengths selected such that the resulting 16 channel wavelengths are different from each other and are suitable for WDM, and an optical transmission interface including a set of four 1:4 wavelength division demultiplexers which are operative to demultiplex the substantially 100 Gb/s optical signals to produce substantially 25 Gb/s optical signals over each of the 16 different channel wavelengths, and a 16:1 wavelength division multiplexer which is operative to multiplex the substantially 25 Gb/s optical signals of the 16 different channel wavelengths to generate a substantially 400 Gb/s optical signal.

Abstract: In a receptacle cage, a front EMI finger in a tubular shape serving as a first shield member is provided on the entire periphery of a substantially rectangular module slot. In addition, a gap between the peripheral edge of a slot of a cover, into which a plug connector for the optical module connected to a receptacle connector in a receptacle connector accommodating portion is inserted, and a peripheral surface of a plug connector and a gap between a lower surface of the cover and a surface, on which a printed wiring board is mounted, are shielded by an EMI gasket serving as a second shield member and an EMI gasket serving as a third shield member, respectively.

Abstract: A Universal Serial Bus (USB) key may include an optical transceiver having a USB interface for engagement to an electronic device such as a laptop computer or other USB-configured device. The USB key may include a converter or buffering, isolation, modulation or amplification circuitry. The USB key sends and receives data signals which may be carried upon an optical transmission as generated by an LED light source which in turn is in communication with a host device such as a network processor. The USB key may also include operational amplifiers (op-amps) and transistor amplifiers.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments of the invention relate to an optical transceiver in which the base portion is made of a light permeable material and configured to emit light representative of the status of certain transceiver parameters. The transceiver includes a housing which at least partially encloses the base portion. The base portion connects to a printed circuit board on which a light-emitting diode is mounted. Light from the light-emitting diode is conducted to front portion of the base, which is light permeable, through a light-pipe assembly, thereby illuminating the entire front portion of the base. Because the front portion of the base is not enclosed within the housing the light emitted is clearly visible from a distance even when fiber connectors are plugged into the transceiver receptacles.

Abstract: A bidirectional optoelectronic device comprises a photodetector, a light source, and a drive circuit for the light source. The light source has first and second electrical leads for receiving an input electrical signal, and the drive circuit can be arranged to apply first and second portions of the input electrical signal to the first and second electrical leads, respectively, wherein the second portion of the input electrical signal is a scaled, inverted substantial replica of the first portion of the input electrical signal. A protective encapsulant can be applied that includes hollow dielectric microspheres to reduce electrical cross-talk, and that can further include an optical absorber to reduce optical cross-talk. A waveguide substrate of the device can include light collector(s) or trap(s) for redirecting and attenuating portions of optical signals propagating in waveguide layers on the substrate but not guided by a waveguide.

Abstract: There are provided an optical transponder having a first end and a second end, as well as an electric switch having the transponder. The transponder includes an optical interface, at the first end, having a variable rate optical transmitter and a variable rate optical receiver to respectively transmit and receive signals using at least one of different bandwidths and different bit rates. The transponder further includes an electrical interface, at the second end, having an electrical interface throughput matching an optical capacity of the optical interface. The transponder also includes a processor for controlling the optical capacity.

Abstract: Methods, algorithms, architectures, circuits, and/or systems for dynamically allocating memory for storing parametric data in optical transceivers are disclosed. The optical transceiver can include an optical receiver configured to receive optical data; an optical transmitter configured to transmit optical data; a microprocessor configured to access data for each of a plurality of parameters that are related to operation of at least one of the optical receiver and the optical transmitter; one or more memories configured to store the data at a plurality of locations that are dynamically allocated by the microprocessor; and an interface configured to receive a request for data for one or more of the parameters from a host and provide the data in response to the request. In the present disclosure, the host is unaware of the locations at which the parametric data are stored.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a method applicable to a fiber-optic transceiver including a transmitter optical subassembly (TOSA) provided therein with a laser diode, but without a monitoring photodiode, a laser driver controlled by a controller IC for driving the laser diode to generate a laser beam, and a thermal sensor for sensing temperature of the laser diode. The method includes executing an approximation process to characteristic data, i.e.

Abstract: A method and apparatus conduct an optical clock rate negotiation to support asymmetric clock rates for visible light communication (VLC) in a VLC device. A first frame that includes a receiver clock rate supported by a first VLC device is transmitted at a predetermined clock rate. A response frame that includes a receiver clock rate supported by a second VLC device is received from the second VLC device. A transmission clock rate of the first VLC device is selected based on the response frame from the second VLC device. Subsequent frames for data communication are transmitted to the second VLC device at the selected transmission clock rate of the first device. Alternatively, when conducting optical clock negotiation in the PHY layer, multiple clock rates are supported within a single frame.

Abstract: Disclosed is a wavelength-shifted bidirectional WDM optical network including: an optical line terminal including an optical line terminal (OLT) including a first optical transmitter transmitting a downstream WDM optical signal, a first high-density wavelength multiplexer/demultiplexer wavelength-multiplexing the downstream WDM optical signal or wavelength-demultiplexing a wavelength-multiplexed upstream WDM optical signal, and a first optical receiver receiving the wavelength-demultiplexed upstream WDM optical signal; a remote node (RN) including a second high-density wavelength multiplexer/demultiplexer shifting a center wavelength of the upstream WDM optical signal and wavelength-multiplexing the upstream WDM optical signal with the shifted center wavelength or wavelength-demultiplexing the wavelength-multiplexed downstream WDM optical signal; and multiple optical network units (ONUs) each including a second optical transmitter transmitting the upstream WDM optical signal and second optical receiver receiv

Abstract: An optoelectronic transceiver includes an optoelectronic transmitter, an optoelectronic receiver, memory, and an interface. The memory is configured to store digital values representative of operating conditions of the optoelectronic transceiver. The interface is configured to receive from a host a request for data associated with a particular memory address, and respond to the host with a specific digital value of the digital values. The specific digital value is associated with the particular memory address received from the host. The optoelectronic transceiver may further include comparison logic configured to compare the digital values with limit values to generate flag values, wherein the flag values are stored as digital values in the memory.