Abstract: A rock bolt (1) comprises a tubular body (4) defining a tubular bore (5) for receiving an adhesive or cement filled cartridge (18). A plug (8) is mounted in the bore (5). The plug (8) is displaceable along the bore (5) and sealingly engages the tubular body (4). A bolt head (7) is located at or adjacent a second end (3) of the rock bolt (1). A detent arrangement (10, 12) restrains the plug (8) in a position adjacent an opening at the first end (2) of the rock bolt (1).

Abstract: A subsurface support includes a soil nail of two-piece construction. The body of the soil nail is constructed of fiberglass. The tip of the soil nail is constructed of a machined metal piece that is secured to the distal end of the fiberglass body. The soil nail is preferably installed by a launching device.

Abstract: Method and device for rock bolting, wherein a tubular bolt (2) with closed cross-section is inserted and expanded for anchoring inside a bore hole (12), wherein the tubular bolt is expanded to contact in the inner portion of the bore hole, a tension element (3, 7, 8, 9) which is arranged in the outer portion of the bore hole with an inner part (7) attached to the tubular bolt (2) is pre-stressed and a settable medium is injected into the outer portion of the bore hole (14) between (27) the tension element and the wall of the bore hole and is allowed to set.

Abstract: A resin bonded mine roof bolt having an elongated rod with a first end and a second end. A segmented resin compression layer covers a portion of the rod below the first end. When installed in a mine roof bore hole with curable resin, the resin compression layer mixes the resin and partially fills the bore hole to minimize the amount of resin needed to anchor the bolt. Individual segments of the layer are tapered to create a wedging force on resin with the bore hole.

Abstract: A pressing-out apparatus (4) for pressing out a mass from a self-drilling, chemical composite anchor (2) for mining and tunnel construction has a pressing device arranged in a housing (21). The composite anchor (2) includes an anchor tube (5) having one end (6) with a drilling head (7) and one free end (8) and can be drilled into the receiving material by means of a motor (3). The pressing-out apparatus (4) is operatively coupled with the motor (3) and with the free end (8) of the anchor tube (5).

Abstract: A film wrapper for use in storing slugs and ropes of chemical anchoring adhesive includes an outer metallized polymer layer and a heat seal layer. The metallized polymer layer protects the chemical anchoring adhesive from premature reaction by providing a barrier to oxygen and light. The heat seal layer may also act as a moisture barrier layer. The chemical anchoring adhesive is divided into slugs of appropriate size for insertion into boreholes and cementing of anchor pins in the boreholes.

Abstract: A subsurface support includes a protective outer member that encases an interior support member. The inner support member may typically be a steel or iron rod which is held within the outer tube as by grout or cement. The outer tube is preferably emplaced by forcing the outer tube into the ground by use of a launching device. The distal end of the outer tube is pointed thus allowing easier penetration of the outer tube into the ground. The subsurface support may be used in numerous functional ways to provide support for an overlying man made structure, or to stabilize surrounding rock and soil. The support can be used in compression, tension, bending, and/or shear.

Abstract: An adjustable yield rock bolt that comprises an elongated tensile support member that interacts with at least one gouging member and a receiving member capable of receiving the elongated tensile support member and hold the gouging member segment there between, wherein the elongated tensile support member extends beyond the receiving member a length that corresponds to a predetermined amount of yield before ultimate failure. The bolt has adjustability by allowing for controlled yield by gouging of the elongated tensile support member for any length of displacement.

Abstract: A block-out tube for use in joining together pre-cast concrete members, the block-out tube having an ovalized cross-section, an integral elongate imperforate hollow tubular body with smoothly curved corrugated walls, a rounded tip closing the bottom end thereof, a mounting flange with tear-away nail tabs at the top open end thereof, and a removable transparent member for sealing the top end for preventing water and debris from entering the interior of the tube. The block-out tube, secured by attaching the tear-away tabs to a concrete pouring form, is cast into the top of the lower concrete member, the ovalized corrugated body being embedded therein and the top sealed end being exposed at the top surface thereof, after the removal of the form.

Abstract: A resin bonded mine roof bolt having an elongated rod with a drive head at one end and an expansion anchor threaded onto the other end. A segmented resin compression layer covers a portion of the rod below the expansion anchor. When installed in a mine roof bore hole with curable resin, the resin compression layer mixes the resin and partially fills the bore hole to minimize the amount of resin needed to anchor the bolt. Individual segments of the layer are tapered to create a wedging force on resin with the bore hole. The expansion anchor is expandable upon initial hardening of the resin to tension the bolt.

Abstract: A rock stabilizer includes a metal tube with a tapered distal end and a flanged proximal end capable of being positioned within a bore in a mine wall. A slit runs substantially the entire length and indentations are formed in the outer surface along the length adjacent the slit so that grout pumped into the interior of the tube flows out of the slit and into the indentations. An expander wedge within the tube adjacent the distal end is actuatable from the proximal end after the stabilizer is installed in a bore. The wedge expands the distal end of the tube to firmly anchor the stabilizer in the bore. The expander wedge is formed of one wedge welded to the interior of the tube and a second wedge moveable toward the fixed wedge. The two wedges are temporarily maintained together in the interior of the tube before actuation.

Abstract: A resin embedded rock bolt dimensioned to be inserted into a hole drilled in a rock body with a clearance fit between the bolt and hole, the bolt having a shank which is plastically deformed by the application of an eccentric shear force to form a paddle protruding beyond the undeformed exterior of the shank prior to deformation, the paddle being shaped to mix the resin.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a rock bolt having a tendon (1, 201) which is able to yield and thereby control movement of unstable rock strata into which the bolt is installed. The tendon has a portion which is provided with a grout slippage mechanism, preferably in the form of a tube (8) which surrounds the tendon. A two part grout anchor (10, 100, 200) is clamped to the tendon. The grout anchor is embedded in grout and is therefore essentially immovable. The tendon passing through the anchor is worked and thereby dissipates energy. The tendon can be either a multi-strand cable (1) or a solid bar (200). Various forms of anchor (10, 200) are disclosed with either complementary recess(es) (14) and protrusion(s) (15) or opposed protrusions (115) which form pinch point(s). A one piece grout anchor (300) is also disclosed.

Abstract: A self-drilling rock anchor includes an anchor tube (2), a drill head (6) provided at the first end (5), an outer thread (8) provided at least in a region of the second, free end (7) of the anchor tube and an adapter (11) releasably connectable with the anchor tube (2) and having an inner thread (17) for engaging the outer thread (8) of the anchor tube (2), a screw stop (14), and a quick-intervention element (15) connectable with a rotatable chuck of a drilling tool the rock anchor is driven-in with.

Abstract: An anchor (1) comprising an anchor tube (2) and an inner tube (3) arranged in the anchor tube (2) for receiving a dispensable chemical mass (4). The anchor tube (2) has a first end (5) with a drilling head (6) and a second trailing end (7), at which a drilling machine can be coupled for rotary driving of the anchor (1). The anchor (1) further has a centering assembly with a first centering element (11) and a second centering element (21), which hold the inner tube (3) both radially and axially aligned in the anchor tube (2) by means of radial stop surfaces (17, 18) and axial stop surfaces (16, 26).

Abstract: A yielding rock bolt arranged to be inserted into a hole in a rock surface. The rock bolt comprises a shaft having a widened portion adjacent a first end thereof, arranged, in use, adjacent an inner end of the hole. The rock bolt also includes an anchor member arranged to be secured within the hole in the rock surface. A longitudinal bore is provided in the anchor member to receive a second end of the shaft, the longitudinal bore being of a diameter slightly less than that of the widened portion of the shaft. A rock face engaging means is provided adjacent a second end of the shaft to secure the second end of the shaft adjacent the rock face. Movement of the rock face causes the widened portion of the shaft to be pulled through the longitudinal bore in the anchor member.

Abstract: An attachment element (1;51), includes a boring head (5), a hollow cylindrical receiving body (2; 53) having, at its end (4) facing in a setting direction (S) of the attachment element (1; 51), a recess for receiving the boring head (5) and at its opposite end (6), an engagement element (7), the attachment element further having at least one outlet opening (10.1; 10.2) through which a mortar mass located in the receiving body (2; 53) is squeezed out under a pressure applied by a piston (27), a channel section (29) extending between the mortar mass and the at least one outlet opening (10.1; 10.2), and an inner tube (21; 52) arranged in the receiving body (2; 53) at a predetermined distance from an inner wall of the receiving body (2; 53) for forming at least one suction channel (22; 42.1; 42.2) and in which the mortar mass and the channel section (29) are arranged.

Abstract: A connection, and a method of forming a connection, that adhesively fixes and bonds a fastening element or anchor in bore hole, particularly in a soft substrate or substrate with an interior cavity or void where the anchor is to be set in vertical wall or set upwardly into a ceiling. To make the connection, an accessory is used that has the form of a sleeve having a closed or partially blocked insertion end and an open anchor receiving end and apertures running along its length. The accessory helps to ensure that the anchor is surrounded with mortar or adhesive, and the mortar or adhesive contacts the wall of the bore. The cylindrical wall of the sleeve has apertures along its length. The sleeve can be formed with larger apertures formed near the anchor receiving end of the sleeve and smaller apertures formed near the insertion end of the sleeve. The sleeve is formed by inserting an open-ended cylindrical mesh tube into a frame that holds the tube along its length at a select location.

Abstract: An arrangement for feeding soldering material into a space between a bolt and rock includes a sleeve-like nozzle which can be pushed tightly against a feed chamber on the rock bolt so that a feed hole in the feed chamber is connected to the inner space of the nozzle. The arrangement further includes a device for placing the nozzle around the feed chamber so that soldering material can be fed from the inner space of the nozzle into the drill hole.

Abstract: A drill head capable of attachment to a drilling machine for insertion of rock bolts into rock strata. The drill head comprising: a base block adapted to facilitate attachment to the drilling machine; driving spindle mechanism having a member at one end which receives a proximal end of a rock bolt including an internal cavity; an injection assembly including at least one internal passage for retaining a grouting compound. When the rock bolt is inserted in the member and when the injection assembly engages the member, the passage is in communication with the internal cavity in the rock bolt; whereupon the injection assembly operates to inject a predetermined quantity of the grouting compound into a bolt hole in the rock strata via the internal cavity of the bolt.

Abstract: A reinforcing member such as a cable bolt is formed of a multiplicity of helically stranded wires wound around a straight core or king wire. At least the outer wires are formed with a plurality of spaced helical ribs extending along the entire length thereof.

Abstract: A mine roof bolt for a grouted bore hole in a roof of a mine. The mine roof bolt includes an elongated member having a cross-sectional diameter less than that of the bore hole, a first end, and a second end. The elongated member has deformations such that axial tension on the bolt results in axial movement between the elongated member and the grout and results in confined compression of the grout between the bore hole and the elongated member surface to facilitate anchorage of the elongated member with grout to the mine rock in which the bore hole is disposed. The mine roof bolt includes a flange disposed adjacent to the second end. A method for supporting a mine roof. A method of making a mine roof bolt.

Abstract: A mine bolt for a bore hole in a roof of a mine. The bolt comprises a tube having a cross-sectional diameter less than that of the bore hole, a hollow interior, a first end, and a second end having an opening in communication with the hollow interior. The bolt comprises a flange disposed adjacent to the second end. The bolt can include an anchor means implaced in the tube and an elongated member disposed in the tube and extending from the anchor means out the tube to the second end. A method for supporting a mine roof. A method of forming a mine bolt.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a rock bolt having a tendon (1, 201) which is able to yield and thereby control movement of unstable rock strata into which the bolt is installed. The tendon has a portion which is provided with a grout slippage mechanism, preferably in the form of a tube (8) which surrounds the tendon. A two part grout anchor (10, 100, 200) is clamped to the tendon. The grout anchor is embedded in grout and is therefore essentially immovable. The tendon passing through the anchor is worked and thereby dissipates energy. The tendon can be either a multi-strand cable (1) or a solid bar (200). Various forms of anchor (10, 200) are disclosed with either complementary recess(es) (14) and protrusion(s) (15) or opposed protrusions (115) which form pinch point(s). A one piece grout anchor (300) is also disclosed.

Abstract: An expansion shell assembly for mine roof bolts includes an expansion member threaded onto an associated mine roof bolt. A support device is annularly disposed around the associated roof bolt. An expansion shell is annularly disposed around the associated roof bolt between the expansion member and the support device. The expansion shell has a base ring for engaging the support device and fingers for engaging a peripheral edge of the tapered plug. The engagement between the base ring and the support device permits axial traverse movement of the support device relative to the expansion shell for tensioning the roof bolt.

Abstract: A slope stabilizer in which both a ground anchorage and a soil nail are located in a single borehole. The ground anchorage includes a plurality of ground anchorages, each including a tensile member bonded to the bore grout along substantially its whole length. The slope stabilizer has the advantage of allowing the ground to be pre-stressed using the ground anchorages. However, an active zone of the ground is also stabilized by the soil nail, which allows a lighter facing structure to be used than is normal with ground anchorages. Economy of operations is obtained, as a number of items are included in a single borehole.

Abstract: An anchor, which is secured in a bore with a mortar, has an anchor member (12) located in the bore, a load application member (11) projecting out of the bore, at least one mixing element (13, 13′) for mixing components of the mortar, a drive element (20, 20′) provided on the anchor member (12) for setting in motion the at least one mixing element (13, 13′), and a trigger (21) for actuating the drive element (20, 20′) which automatically sets in motion the mixing member (15) upon actuation of the trigger (21).

Abstract: A rock stabilizing apparatus and method for use with adhesion materials has a tensionable reinforcing member having a threaded portion at one end and an opposite end. The member-threaded portion threadably receives a nut and a bearing plate is retained on the member-threaded portion by the nut. A shearing element is provided for temporarily fixing the nut in a first operating position. At a predetermined torque, the shearing element fails and the nut is freed to advance on the threaded member portion from the first temporary operating position to a second permanent operating position. The first fixed operating position is located at the top end of the member-threaded portion. The second operation position is located at the bottom end of the member-threaded portion so that the bearing plate is in abutting contact with the face of the rock formation. In its first operating position the nut and reinforcing member may be rotated together for mixing the adhesion materials located within the drill hole.

Abstract: A drilling and anchoring device comprises a drilling pipe (8), a drilling tool (12) mounted at the end of the pipe, and one or several cables (4) and/or other anchoring reinforcements. The cables and/or other anchoring reinforcements are so attached to the drilling tool that the drilling tool remains in a grout body (7) formed by cement injection in the ground surrounding a drilling hole (6).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a packing apparatus for pressure type soil-nailing and soil-nailing construction method using the apparatus, can shorten a grouting time through pressure type grouting which seals completely grouting area, and can improve stability of a ground reinforcing body by filling liquid grout to even a gap between a boring hole and the ground and void of the ground.

Abstract: A rock bolt (1) has a tubular body (2) with first and second ends (3, 4). The first end (3) is substantially sealed. A threaded rod (5) extends from the tubular body second end (4) for receiving a nut 102. A portion (6) of the tubular body (2) at the second end (4) is crimped on to the threaded rod (5). A rock bolt assembly is also disclosed comprising a rock bolt (1), a sleeve (105) coaxially mounted oil the rock bolt (1), a resin cartridge (104) received in the sleeve (105) and a collar (107) mounted on the leading end (106) of the sleeve (105) to engage a rock face and prevent the sleeve (105) from entering a hole in the rock face into which the rock bolt (1) is installed.

Abstract: A curable, two-component mortar composition is described, which is based on a curable epoxide resin, at least one reactive diluent for the epoxide resin, an amine curing agent and one or more inorganic fillers, as well as, optionally, curing catalysts, rheological aids, thixotropizing agents, stabilizers, dispersants, agents to control the reaction rate and wetting agents, the amine curing agent of the curable epoxide resin and the reactive diluent being kept separate from one another to inhibit any reaction, wherein the mortar composition contains a cross-linking reactive diluent, which has functional epoxy groups with an epoxy functionality of at least 2. The mortar composition is used to fasten anchoring means in boreholes.

Abstract: An anchor, which is secured in a bore with a mortar, has an anchor member (12) located in the bore, a load application member (11) projecting out of the bore, at least one mixing element (13, 13′) for mixing components of the mortar, a drive element (20, 20′) provided on the anchor member (12) for setting in motion the at least one mixing element (13, 13′), and a trigger (21) for actuating the drive element (20, 20′) which automatically sets in motion the mixing member (15) upon actuation of the trigger means (21).

Abstract: A method and apparatus of re-tightening or retensioning a roof bolt in an underground mine serves the purpose of enabling the operator to place tension between the head of a permanent, epoxy-secured, roof bolt and the roof plate of a standard roof bolt system used to effect primary roof support in an underground mine. The method and apparatus have particular utility in mines in which drawrock or localized crumbling of shale of soft rock material is encountered as the first layer of material in the mine roof. The apparatus consists of a slotted screw member and slotted nut combination. A second embodiment of the apparatus is comprised of a slotted nut, slotted screw member, and one or more slotted spacers to be oriented between the roof bolt head and base plate. The members are turned with the appropriate tightening tool such as to apply pressure between the base plate and roof bolt head, thereby re-tensioning the roof bolt.

Abstract: A drilling and anchoring device comprises a drilling pipe (8), a drilling tool (12) mounted at the end of the pipe, and one or several cables (4) and/or other anchoring reinforcements. The cables and/or other anchoring reinforcements are so attached to the drilling tool that the drilling tool remains in a grout body (7) formed by cement injection in the ground surrounding a drilling hole (6).

Abstract: Cable bolt wedge barrel, installation apparatus and method, for cable bolt installation in a mine borehole provided an interior resin system, wherein the wedge barrel of the cable bolt employed, and the tool used to revolve and supply thrust to the same, are mutually designed for (1) mutual, operative, wall-friction and/or end-detent drive engagement within a given torque range for the resin system employed, as applied by said tool, and (2) operative slippage when said range is exceeded, thereby precluding the emergence of the undesirable condition of over-mixing the resin system present in said borehole and consequent diminution of the resin system's holding power relative to the cable bolt within the borehole.

Abstract: A mobile system for manufacturing and installing rock reinforcing members in mining and tunnel construction applications where a plurality of holes are drilled into the rock and each hole receives a reinforcing member and grout. The reinforcing member can be steel strand or some other suitable material. The system has a plurality of cooperating devices, all mounted to a mobile self-propelled platform. The devices comprise a spool of reinforcing material, a motivating device for drawing material from of the spool through the system, a measuring device, a crimping device to give the steel strands a corrugated shape, an articulating arm with a guide head to guide the material into the drill hole and a cutter to cut the material into strands of desired length. A plurality of strands can be installed in a given drill hole. The system also includes apparatus for grouting the drill holes using either a cementacious grout or a polyester resin grout. Methods of making and grouting the reinforcing member are disclosed.

Abstract: A mixing delay device for use with tensionable cable bolts wherein the mixing delay device compresses or is uncompressed in response to a compression force applied to the mixing delay device, wherein the mixing delay device increases resin mixing time, provides a visual indication of tensioning, and helps to reduce de-tensioning of the tensionable cable bolt.

Abstract: An expansion assembly configured to be attached to a mine roof bolt, wherein the expansion assembly may include a plug defining an interior cavity and an outer surface and an expansion shell having a plurality of spaced-apart prongs, preferably three prongs, and defining a plurality of shell grooves, wherein each of the spaced-apart prongs is oriented diametrically opposed to a corresponding shell groove.

Abstract: A drilling and anchoring device comprises a drilling pipe (8), a drilling tool (12) mounted at the end of the pipe, and one or several cables (4) and/or other anchoring reinforcements. The cables and/or other anchoring reinforcements are so attached to the drilling tool that the drilling tool remains in a grout body (7) formed by cement injection in the ground surrounding a drilling hole (6).

Abstract: An anchoring device for fixing a structural cable to a building element, the cable comprising a plurality of strands each comprising wires which are themselves enclosed together in a protective sheath, each of the protective sheaths being interrupted at a terminal edge such that the strands have each an exposed end section. The exposed section is inserted in a sealed chamber with a packing box whereof on plate is fixed and the other plate is compressed by threaded rods.

Abstract: A method and a structure for stabilizing a formation of natural substrate having a substantially vertical face. A tendon is inserted into a hole in the formation. A heading device includes a plate, a tube, an adhesive material within the tube, and an anchor. The plate has a bore disposed over a protruding portion of the tendon. The tube is disposed over the protruding portion of the plate. An adhesive material is disposed within the tube to couple the tendon to the tube. The anchor is coupled to the plate. A final concrete facing is placed over the entire heading device embedding the anchor.

Abstract: A mortar composition, curable by frontal polymerization after heat initiation, is described, wherein are contained a) at least one polymerizable monomer and/or at least one curable resin, b) at least one polymerization initiator, which can be activated and/or released thermally at a temperature above 30° C., for the polymerizable monomers and/or curing accelerator for the curable resin and c) optionally at least one filler, the nature and amount of polymerizable monomer or curable resin and polymerization initiator or curing accelerator being selected so that a polymerization front velocity of at least 10 cm/min results after the polymerization is initiated, as well as a method for fastening tie bars, reinforcing steel or the like in solid substrates.

Abstract: A mine roof bolt, preferably one inch or less in diameter, having an external coating configured with particles which mix resin as the mine roof bolt is rotated in a mine roof bore hole.

Abstract: A rock stabilizing apparatus and method for use with adhesion materials has a tensionable reinforcing member having a threaded portion at one end and an opposite end. The member-threaded portion threadably receives a nut and a bearing plate is retained on the member-threaded portion by the nut. A shearing element is provided for temporarily fixing the nut in a first operating position. At a predetermined torque, the shearing element fails and the nut is freed to advance on the threaded member portion from the first temporary operating position to a second permanent operating position. The first fixed operating position is located at the top end of the member-threaded portion. The second operation position is located at the bottom end of the member-threaded portion so that the bearing plate is in abutting contact with the face of the rock formation. In its first operating position the nut and reinforcing member may be rotated together for mixing the adhesion materials located within the drill hole.

Abstract: A wall cladding anchorage has a rod with ends loosely enveloped by fabric sleeves. The wall is drilled to receive one end and the cladding is drilled, or otherwise formed with a cavity, to receive the other end. Either the wall or the cladding may have the anchorage fixed first, by grout being injected to expand the sleeve and seep through it to bond to the drilling or cavity wall. Then the cladding is offered up and the other sleeve likewise expanded, the grout being injected via a duct leading between the cladding and the wall. Instead of a single part rod, there may be two elements, such as a tube and a rod that screws into it, each with a sleeve so that the cladding or wall need not have significantly projections until shortly before the cladding is fixed. It is also possible to have a single sleeve over the whole rod and inject grout into its central zone, between the wall and cladding.

Abstract: In an anchor rod (1) for a synthetic resin adhesive anchor having a shaft (2) with a plurality of area segments (4) arranged in axial succession, the surface of which is low-friction with respect to synthetic resin mortar (6), areas (4) are formed. Viewed in a circumferential direction, the areas are arranged side by side such that a desired splitting zone (9) is created in the transition region of two adjacent areas (4) of this type.

Abstract: A tie rod, for insertion into an anchorage where it is secured by at least one of an organic and inorganic mortar composition has an axially extending shaft (2) with an axially extending connection section (3) and an axially extending anchoring section (4). The anchoring section (4) has at least two conically shaped members, one following the other in the axial direction and with the outside diameter of the members increasing toward a leading end of said anchoring section. The conically shaped members (6, 7) include a first cone (6) at the leading end of the shaft, inserted first into the anchorage and secured to the shaft (2) so that it cannot be shifted axially. At least one second cone (7) separate from the first cone can be slipped onto the anchoring section (4) of the shaft so that it can be shifted to a limited axial extent along the anchoring section (4).

Abstract: A tubular anchor including a tubular member (1) having, at its one end, a crown-shaped drilling head (2) and, at its opposite end, a load application element a substantially cylindrical hollow element (7) filled with a mortar mass (4), located inside the tubular member (1), and having, at its end facing in the direction opposite to the setting direction, an opening (11) enabling flow of the mortar mass therethrough, and at least one longitudinal channel (12) communicating the opening (11) with an outlet opening (5) provided in the region of the drilling head (2).

Abstract: An anchoring member is provided for anchoring an object to a supporting surface having a bore for receiving the anchoring member. The anchoring member comprises an elongate cylindrical body having a penetrating end arranged to be embedded in the bore and an exposed end opposite the penetrating end. The exposed end is configured differently than the penetrating end for distinguishing which end is to be embedded into the bore. At least part of the outer surface of the body is threaded adjacent the exposed end. An adhesive compound arranged to be coated about the penetrating end of the body secures the body within the bore. A heat generating compound located within a chamber in the body generates ambient heat for assisting in setting and curing the adhesive compound for anchoring the body in the bore.