Abstract: A self-connecting, reinforced retaining wall is provided comprised of precast, stacked concrete block masonry units stabilized with reinforcing members which extend from the masonry units at selected intervals into the adjacent reinforced soil to form a mechanically stabilized earthen wall construction. The reinforcement members are generally in the form of horizontally oriented “U”-shaped members which extend from within the adjacent soil bank, to and through voids of the masonry units, thereby providing self-connecting means thereat, and thence returning into the soil bank, forming a stabilized, retained and reinforced soil embankment. Suitable reinforcements may include metallic grids, geotextile and geogrid sheets, and other similar reinforcement means. Concrete masonry units especially adapted for use in the aforesaid self-connecting soil reinforced retaining walls are also provided.

Abstract: A retaining wall anchoring system for a segmental retaining wall comprising a plurality of tieback rods adapted to be embedded into soil or rock with a proximal portion extending therefrom, at least one elongated force distribution member positionable directly adjacent the proximal portion of at least one of the tieback rods, a washer positionable about the proximal portions of the tieback rod in abutment with the force distribution member, and a fastener fixedly securable to the proximal portion of the tieback rod to securely clamp the washer against the force distribution member such that tensile forces imposed on the tieback rod are transmitted to the force distribution member so as to distribute these forces throughout a portion of the retaining wall.

Abstract: A stablized retaining wall structure comprising concrete blocks stacked in an array of superimposed rows, and with a stable anchoring assembly being in restraining contact with selected blocks. An access bore extends from the rear surface of the block to the surface of the wall comprising the hollow core. An earthen fill zone is arranged in spaced apart relationship to the rear surface of the wall and clean granular back-fill is interposed between the wall and the earthen fill zone. A keeper device is provided to couple selected wall blocks to the stable anchoring assembly, with the keeper device being configured to be restrainably held within the hollow core. An elongated fastener is coupled to the keeper device, with the fastener extending through the access bore and secured to the stable anchoring assembly.

Abstract: A modular block comprises a first side, a second side, a third side, a fourth side, a top side, and a bottom side, the bottom side further comprising a primary score line, the primary score line for splitting the block into a pair of complimentary blocks with each of the complimentary blocks comprising a front split face surface and a pair of sides with the front split face surface and the side surfaces forming a triangular shaped block.

Abstract: Connectors for use in a retaining wall and a retaining wall having grooved blocks configured to receive the connector. Connectors can be used in various orientations within the grooves of the blocks. In a retaining wall, a flexible geosynthetic material fits into a channel of a channel connector, and is held in place by an elongate bar. The connector prevents abrasion of geosynthetic material. The connector can also be a plurality of spaced-apart projections for use with an apertured, relatively rigid geogrid. The connectors hold geogrid firmly in place, providing for increased connection capacity.

Abstract: A wall block arranged to be stacked vertically for creation of a retaining wall, the block being of generally trapezoidal configuration having parallelly arranged front and rear surfaces along with opposed top and bottom surfaces. The top surface has front and rear lips formed thereon with each of the lips having a trapezoidal root portion with mutually opposed triangular portions converging inwardly therefrom to define opposed and aligned front and rear apices. In one embodiment, the apices are disposed midway along the length of the block, while in a second embodiment, the apices are formed at the juncture point of mated pairs of blocks. The bottom surface of the block includes a central base with opposed notches formed along the front and rear edges of the bottom surface, with the base having a trapezoidal configuration with a width dimension which is no greater than the spacing between the opposed aligned front and rear apices.

Abstract: A retaining wall connection for mechanically stabilized earth structures comprising a plurality of courses of cementations blocks stacked together to define a retaining wall and having a backfill material provided behind the retaining wall. A first layer of geogrid web material has a leading edge disposed between vertically adjacent blocks at a predetermined vertical height of the retaining wall with the trailing edge of the first layer of geogrid web material extending backwardly into the backfill material so as to be engaged thereby. A second layer of geogrid web material is provided so as to overlay and contact the first layer of geogrid web material from the leading edge thereof to at least a medial portion of the first layer of geogrid web material in order to provide a significant increase in the connection strength in the retaining wall and the backfill material. A method for forming a retaining wall structure for mechanically stabilized earth is also described.

Abstract: A modular retaining wall system uses a plurality of different sized masonry blocks to form uniform sized modules for constructing a segmented retaining wall. Each module has the same overall dimensions of height, width and depth, while the masonry blocks used to define the module vary in size and shape. Walls or structure faces have vertical or vertically set back surfaces are possible, using interlocking pins, channels and pin holes. A pin having an adjustable length is provided to accommodate masonry blocks of varying height.

Abstract: A top block for modular precast retaining wall system wherein beveled surfaces of a horizontal component of the top block form a cast-in-place key integrated with cast-in-place column formed in the construction of the retaining wall using modular block units. The top block provides an aesthetically pleasing front surface the upper edge of which may be rectilinear or contoured to fit various applications and appearance requirements.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a wall block for use in a segmental retaining wall system. The wall block comprises an interior face for forming an interior surface of a segmental retaining wall, an exterior face for forming an exterior surface of the segmental retaining wall, first and second sides that extend from the exterior face to the interior face, and a top surface and a bottom surface. Further provided in the wall block is a channel defined by a front wall, a rear wall, and an arcuate bottom surface. The channel extends across one of the faces and surfaces.

Abstract: A facing element for a reinforced soil structure has first and second adjoining chamber. A polymeric strip to be secured to the facing element is circumflected about a non-metallic member, and the member and a portion of the circumflected strip are inserted into the first chamber and moved laterally into the second chamber where they are retained in wedged-engagement. The first chamber is sealed to prevent removal of the rod.

Abstract: An earth retaining wall made of stacked tiers of blocks placed side by side to form a wall with a channel extending at least partially along a longitudinal axis of the wall in which the channel is defined at least two adjacent bearing surfaces of vertically adjacent blocks and a pathway extending from the channel to an exterior side of the wall. The channel receives an elongate clamping bar that conforms in cross-sectional shape at least relative to the bearing surfaces. A reinforcement sheet wrapped around the elongate connector bar extends through the pathway laterally of the wall. The clamping bar communicates tensile loading of backfill on the reinforcement sheet to the wall. The wall is mechanically stabilized by normal loading from the blocks in the wall above a reinforcement sheet and the tensile loading of the backfill communicated by the clamping bar to the wall. A method of constructing an earth retaining wall and blocks useful in such wall are disclosed.

Abstract: An earth retaining wall made of stacked tiers of blocks placed side by side to form a wall with a channel extending at least partially along a longitudinal axis of the wall in which the channel define at least two adjacent bearing surfaces and a pathway extending from the channel to an exterior side of the wall. The channel receives an elongate clamping bar that conforms in cross-sectional shape at least relative to the bearing surfaces. A reinforcement sheet wrapped around the elongate connector bar extends through the pathway laterally of the wall. The clamping bar communicates tensile loading of backfill on the reinforcement sheet to the wall. The wall is mechanically stabilized by normal loading from the blocks in the wall above a reinforcement sheet and the tensile loading of the backfill communicated by the clamping bar to the wall. A method of constructing an earth retaining wall and blocks useful in such wall are disclosed.

Abstract: The system for attaching a reinforcing band to a wall (2) of a reinforced supporting structure comprises a winding support (10) for the reinforcing band and two staples (11a, 11b) for fixing the winding support (10) to the wall (2), which are formed from a loop of non-corrodible material. The placement device comprises a template for shaping the loop and forming the two staples (11a, 11b), two pairs of collars, mounted on the template and intended for laterally holding the two staples (11a, 11b) respectively along the template, and two spacers, each extending between the collars of one pair to ensure. a parallel arrangement between the two branches of each staple (11a, 11b).

Abstract: A mechanically stabilized earth retaining wall, made of at least two stacked tiers of blocks placed side-by-side. Each block defines a channel extending between opposing sides with at least two adjacent bearing surfaces and an opening between the bearing surfaces to a slot extending laterally from the channel to a back side of the block. An elongate clamping bar conforming in cross-sectional shape at least relative to the pair of adjacent bearing surfaces defined in the channel, is received within the channel. A reinforcement sheet wrapped around the elongate clamping bar extends through the slot laterally of the tiers of blocks. The clamping bar mechanically engages the bearing surfaces of the channel such that the tensile loading by backfill covering the reinforcement sheet is distributed across the block. A method of constructing a mechanically stabilized earth retaining wall is disclosed as well as a clamping bar and blocks useful with such methods and walls.

Abstract: A connector for joining a soil-reinforcement grid extending through a slot in a block stacked with other blocks to define a mechanically stabilized earth retaining wall, the connector comprising matingly engaged first member having pins that are slidingly received in aligned openings defined in a second member while sandwiching a portion of soil-reinforcement grid therebetween, the grid having apertures through which the pins extend. The soil-reinforcing grid is loaded by being covered with backfill materials. The connector mechanically engages bearing surfaces within a channel in the block such that the tensile loading of backfill covering the soil-reinforcement grid lateral of the wall is distributed by the connector across the block. A method of constructing a mechanically stabilized earth retaining wall is disclosed as well as a connector and blocks useful with such methods and walls.

Abstract: A treatment product for earth surfaces, particularly earth surfaces which generate dust such as dirt roads or parking lots, includes a fatty acid containing material and water in at least a temporary semi-emulsion state when applied to the earth surface. The fatty acid containing material may be used vegetable oil, animal renderings, or a combination thereof such as Yellow Grease. An emulsifying agent can be used to help emulsify the fatty acid material in the water. The fatty acid material makes up between about 10% to about 85% of the product with the water, and emulsifying agent, if used, making up the remainder. When used, the emulsifying agent can make up to about 1% of the amount of water used. The product is applied to the earth surface to be treated and dries in several hours.

Abstract: The structuring unit is composed of a wall surface member for the construction with a mounting cavity formed therein, such as a stone, and an anchor mounted on the wall surface member for the construction through the mounting cavity thereof. The anchor is provided with a resistance-increasing member at the opposite side thereof. The anchor is composed of a linear member extending over the full length of the anchor, a protective layer for protecting the linear member from physical damages, and a flexible layer for preventing water or the like from penetrating into a gap between the linear member and the protective layer. The construction such as a revetment or the like is built by laying plural rows of the structural units over one another and embedding the plural rows of the structural units with filling materials.

Abstract: A masonry retaining wall is constructed using a footer placed at or beneath a lower grade level with vertically extending post-tensioning rods extending therefrom. The post-tensioning rods are provided with upset ends and flange members close to a right angle bend to provide appropriate anchoring in the footer and to increase the pull out strength of the rod. A plurality of courses of masonry block are positioned on the footer with the vertically extending post-tensioning rods threaded through voids in the block. Flange members are positioned on the ends of the respective post-tensioning rods and nuts are used on the threaded ends thereof to apply a predetermined tensioning force to each of the post-tensioning rods.

Abstract: The invention provides a wall-retaining element, including a three-dimensional body having a bottom portion including a major base surface positionable upon the ground in spaced-apart relationship to a wall to be retained, such that the plane of the bottom portion traverses the plane of the wall; at least one major surface to be covered with soil for applying pressure to the element, and means for attaching one end of a tie rod or a cable to the element and for attaching its other end to the wall. The invention also provides a method for retaining a wall structure.

Abstract: In order to provide wider biaxially-stretched geogrids having high primary direction (PD) strength, crotch-forming zones of a starting material which is at least 2.0 mm thick have protuberances (6). On strectching, PD orientation passes right through the junction (27) but the protuberance (6) causes the orientation ratio of the crotch edge to decrease significiantly as orientation enters the central part of the crotch edge. After a secondary direction stretch of at least about 1.5:1, the thickness of the central part of the crotch edge is not reduced by more than about 20%. The stretching does not reduce the thickness of any point along notional ridge lines (31) to such an extent that the ratio of finished thickness to starting thickness at that point mid-point. In the biax geogrid (25), the junction mid-point is significantly thicker than the PD is less than about 80% of the ratio of finished thickness to starting thickness of the junction strand mid-point.

Abstract: A self-connecting, reinforced retaining wall is provided comprised of precast, stacked concrete block masonry units stabilized with reinforcing members which extend from the masonry units at selected intervals into the adjacent reinforced soil to form a mechanically stabilized earthen wall construction. The reinforcement members are generally in the form of horizontally oriented “U”-shaped members which extend from within the adjacent soil bank, to and through voids of the masonry units, thereby providing self-connecting devices thereat, and thence returning into the soil bank, forming a stabilized, retained and reinforced soil embankment. Suitable reinforcements may include metallic grids, geotextile and geogrid sheets, and other similar reinforcement devices. Concrete masonry units especially adapted for use in the aforesaid self-connecting soil reinforced retaining walls are also provided.

Abstract: A segmental retaining wall system comprising a plurality of wall blocks. Each wall block comprises an interior face for forming an interior surface of a segmental retaining wall, an exterior face for forming an exterior surface of the segmental retaining wall, first and second sides that extend from said exterior face to said interior face, a top surface, and a bottom surface. In addition, a plurality of wall blocks include apparatus for retaining a reinforcement member to the segmental retaining wall. In one arrangement, this apparatus comprises a channel that is defined by a front wall, a rear wall, and a channel bottom surface. This channel is provided in one of the faces and surfaces, and includes an inwardly extending shoulder.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system and method for constructing a pre-stressed modular construction for supporting or retaining an applied load. In particular, the present invention relates to a system and method for pre-stressed modular retaining walls. The system comprises a plurality of header stacks constructed from a variety of header units. The header stacks are coupled by structural members. Active reinforcement elements are used to induce a pre-stressing force into the header stacks to support or retain the applied load. A method for constructing the modular construction is provided.

Abstract: A support post for use in the construction of a retaining wall comprises a single, rigid plate member, the bottom portion of which is pointed so that the plate member can be readily driven into the ground a distance sufficient to ensure minimal movement of the plate member. The upper portion of the plate member has at least one aperture (and preferably several pairs of apertures) in it, through which a bolt, screw or nail may be passed to hold a wall member (for example, a plank) firmly against the plate member. If the plate member is roll formed from steel sheet, it will normally have ridges or folds to improve its stiffness. A spike may extend below the plate member, and a rod may extend upwardly from the top of the plate member and be fitted with a support for a wire, cable, hose or a fence post. A support post for use at corners of a retaining wall has two half-plate members welded to a steel rod with an included angle of up to 90°.

Abstract: A cell confinement structure for confinement of material having a plurality of elongated plastic strips in a side by side relationship bonded together in spaced-apart, limited areas where the plurality of strips are capable of being stretched in width to form a unitary web of cells. The strips forming walls of the cells with at least one of the cell walls having a plurality of apertures in which each diameter is between about 3 mm and 17 mm. Preferably, each of the cell walls has a plurality of apertures with the total area of the apertures in the cell walls being between 19% and 28% of cell wall area.

Abstract: A modular block and a retaining wall filled of the modular blocks, each modular block having a body portion with first and second opposed ends, an interior hollow portion to receive a ballast, the first one of the opposed ends having a plurality of tenons extending outwardly therefrom, a second one of the opposed ends having a plurality of mortices formed therein, the arrangement being such that the modular block be connected to an adjacent modular block at varying angles by means of the mortices and tenons. The retaining wall may conveniently be used as a flood containment structure.

Abstract: A retaining wall system (20) comprises at least one wall panel (24) and two vertical frame members (40), each frame member (40) having a web (56), two flanges (54) and an end secured within the ground. Each wall panel (24) has a face (28) with a plurality of mounting brackets (38) protruding therefrom, and is supported in mechanically retained vertical orientation between the flanges (54) of adjacent frame members (40). A plurality of connectors (46), each having a proximal end (48) secured to a respective one of said mounting brackets (38) and extending horizontally therefrom to a distal end (50) secured to a respective one of a plurality of anchors (52) is also disclosed. Optionally, a plurality of Jersey barrier panels (106) or acoustic panels are similarly mechanically retained to form a Jersey barrier or acoustic barrier, respectively. Further is disclosed a method for erecting a retaining wall according to the invention.

Abstract: An improved method and apparatus for constructing a soil reinforced earthen retaining wall wherein successive soil reinforcing mats embedded within an earthen formation have bent-up face elements which are slidably engaged to enable the earthen formation to settle without bulging the face elements. Backing mats are disposed behind the face elements for movement relative thereto in generally vertical planes. The backing mats serve to support the successive soil reinforcing mats and permit the mats to more toward one another to accommodate settling of the formation without bulging of the face elements.

Abstract: An earth structure comprises a plurality of facing panels, a stabilized earth mass behind the facing panels and a plurality of supports for supporting the facing panels. The supports have rearwardly located portions and rest on their rearwardly located portions to support the facing panels during construction.

Abstract: A soil reinforcing resin net including hole portions arranged in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the resin net, each of which is formed by a pair of opposed ribs and a pair of opposed bars, wherein projecting portions are fixed on bar portions; a method of producing the soil reinforcing resin net; and a drawn product of a polyethylene based resin suitably used as the soil reinforcing resin net, which is obtained by drawing a polyethylene based resin composed of a linear ethylene main chain having 0.3 or more of saturated hydrocarbon groups branched thereto in one molecule.

Abstract: A modular earth retaining wall system comprising a plurality of similarly configured wall blocks that have lock channels and lock flanges that provide a locking mechanism for resisting leaning or toppling of the blocks. A positive retaining mechanism is also provided for attaching reinforcement fabrics to the retaining wall in between mating courses of wall blocks. This mechanism secures the reinforcement fabrics in place and permits the fabrics to extend along the entire contact area between adjacent stacked wall blocks to avoid an aggregate leaning effect. The retaining mechanism includes a retaining bar that is placed on top of the reinforcement fabric within the lock channel. The retaining bar holds the fabric against a wall of the lock channel in response to tensile loads applied to the fabric to prevent it from being pulled out of the retaining wall.

Abstract: A modular block wall includes dry cast, unreinforced modular wall blocks with anchor type, or frictional type or composite type soil stabilizing elements recessed therein and attached thereto by vertical rods which also connect the blocks together. The soil stabilizing elements are positioned in counterbores or slots in the blocks and project into the compacted soil behind the courses of modular wall blocks. Alternative stabilizing element designs may be used with the modular wall blocks and other types of facing elements in a mechanically stabilized earth structure.

Abstract: A modular earth retaining wall system comprising a plurality of similarly configured wall blocks that have lock channels and lock flanges that provide a locking mechanism for resisting leaning or toppling of the blocks. A positive retaining mechanism is also provided for attaching reinforcement fabrics to the retaining wall in between mating courses of wall blocks. This mechanism secures the reinforcement fabrics in place and permits the fabrics to extend along the entire contact area between adjacent stacked wall blocks to avoid an aggregate leaning effect. The retaining mechanism includes a retaining bar that is placed on top of the reinforcement fabric within the lock channel. The retaining bar holds the fabric against a wall of the lock channel in response to tensile loads applied to the fabric to prevent it from being pulled out of the retaining wall.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a wall block for use in a segmental retaining wall system. The wall block comprises an interior face for forming an interior surface of a segmental retaining wall, an exterior face for forming an exterior surface of the segmental retaining wall, first and second sides that extend from the exterior face to the interior face, and a top surface and a bottom surface. Further provided in the wall block is a channel defined by a front wall, a rear wall, and an arcuate bottom surface. The channel extends across one of the faces and surfaces.

Abstract: A retaining element system is provided that improves face stability in poorer quality soils that are not suited to conventional soil nailing. The method includes inserting retaining elements substantially vertically into an earthen mass to shore the face of an excavation. The earthen mass can be any material or combination of materials, such as soil, clay or rock that requires excavation for the installation of a shoring wall. The plurality of retaining elements are placed side by side in a substantially linear arrangement. A plurality of soil nails are then inserted into the excavation plane, at the approximate midpoint between a pair of adjacent retaining elements. An exposed tip portion of each soil nail attaches to a wale, which is a substantially horizontal element that contacts a retaining element on both sides of each soil nail. The wale can be a beam, bracket, or a set of concrete reinforcement bars.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is an element (1) for forming ground covering, restraining and reinforcing structures, particularly for forming retaining walls. The element (1) is constituted by a single wire-netting panel and is divided into a bottom portion (301), an intermediate front restraining portion (101), and a top end covering portion (201). These portions are delimited by reinforcing bars (2, 3) which are inserted in the mesh of the wire netting and which extend along the front portion (101) or define, between the portions (101, 201, 301), the predetermined bend lines for the formation of a substantially channel-shaped restraining element with a substantially vertical or inclined front wall. The structural element is filled with earth, stones or combinations of earth and stones (7, 7′) and several channel-shaped layers each formed by an element (1) can be laid on top of one another to form retaining structures.

Abstract: Concrete blocks are used to build plantable retaining walls having varying angles. The blocks have a hollow inner volume, open at the top and bottom to enable the plants to grow therein. The side walls of the block each have a portion which is parallel to the longitudinal axial vertical center plane of the block. The parallel portions of the side walls include a plurality of connector-receivers to allow for the interconnection of one block with superimposed blocks at varying staggering positions by the engagement of discrete connector devices. The blocks may be interconnected to geogrids for the construction of reinforced retaining walls. The connection to the geogrids may be made using the same connector connecting the blocks or a distant one.

Abstract: A masonry retaining wall is constructed using a footer placed at or beneath a lower grade level with vertically extending post-tensioning rods extending therefrom. The post-tensioning rods are provided with upset ends and flange members close to a right angle bend to provide appropriate anchoring in the footer and to increase the pull out strength of the rod. A plurality of courses of masonry block are positioned on the footer with the vertically extending post-tensioning rods threaded through voids in the block. Flange members are positioned on the ends of the respective post-tensioning rods and nuts are used on the threaded ends thereof to apply a predetermined tensioning force to each of the post-tensioning rods.

Abstract: A tire block is made of a plurality of elongated tire tread strips arranged end-to-end and wound in a spiral wrap of overlying convolutions. Fasteners secure the tire tread strips together. The tire tread strips are made from motor vehicle tires by removing the side walls and transversely splitting the tread.

Abstract: A modular wall block is adapted for being assembled together with a number of like blocks in stacked courses to form a retaining wall. The wall block includes a front face and rear, top and bottom, and opposing sides. A locking shear key extends outwardly from either of the top or bottom of the wall block, and is adapted for residing between respective adjacent sides of like blocks in an adjacent upper or lower course to anchor the wall block in position. A severable area is formed with the shear key for being removed to accommodate placement and orientation of the wall block between respective adjacent sides of like blocks in an adjacent upper or lower course.

Abstract: A full height, elevated base, pre-manufactured, retaining wall facing system attached to a separate closed face mechanically stabilized earth retention structure Incorporating a continuous closure beam at the top interface of the panel facing and the separate mechanically stabilized earth retention structure.

Abstract: To secure a polymeric strip (5) to a facing (10) of a reinforced soil structure, the strip (5) is circumflected about a plastics rod (4) and the circumflected strip and the rod are interposed between two or more blocks (1, 2) in a cavity (7) to retain the rod and thereby secure the strip (5) to the facing (10). The location of the rod (4) within the facing serves to distribute more uniformly the load imposed by the facing (10) on the strip (5), and the plastics rod (4) is resistant to corrosion.

Abstract: A textile mesh for stabilizing earthen slopes and subgrades formed of interwoven, knitted, or stitch-bonded weft and warp elements that define a plurality of stable apertures of substantially uniform size by respective portions of the elements which have respective lengths of less than 12 millimeters. The textile mesh is coated with a curable material for interlocking the elements at junctions, whereby the textile mesh is rigidly flexible for facilitating handling during construction of a soil-stabilized earthen slope yet the junctions are substantially rigidly interlocked in order for the apertures to remain of substantially uniform size. The textile mesh is enclosed by layers of a backfill comprising particles of a size having an average diameter that is less than or equal to about 30% of the smaller of the lengths of the portions defining the apertures and at least 50% of which pass a number 4 sieve (4.75 mm).

Abstract: An improved method and system for attaching a welded wire grid-work panel to a plurality of face panels of a retaining wall. The method first begins by providing a plurality of stackable face panels, each face panel having a plurality of anchor links fixed within a back portion of the face panels. Each of the anchor links forms a vertical loop extending outwardly generally perpendicular to the back portion of the face panels. Additionally, each anchor link includes two legs extending laterally from each anchor link within the face panel. Next, a first tier of the face panels is disposed at the bottom of the embankment being erected. Soil is then back-filled behind the first tier of panels to a level of the anchor links disposed within the first tier of face panels. A welded wire grid-work panel, which extends perpendicularly from the back portion of the face panels into a soil embankment, is positioned so that a plurality of wire loops at the edge of the grid-work panel aligns with the vertical loops.

Abstract: A retaining wall construction includes a first lower mechanically stabilized earthen bulk form with tensile members projecting from the front face of the first bulk form connected to precast wall panels that are spaced from the front face of the first bulk form. The space between the front face of the first bulk from and the panels is filled with concrete. Positioned on top of the concrete and the first bulk form, as well as along the sides thereof, are additional bulk forms which include tensile members connected to precast wall panels.

Abstract: A retaining wall anchoring system for a segmental retaining wall comprising a plurality of tieback rods adapted to be embedded into soil or rock with a proximal portion extending therefrom, at least one elongated force distribution member positionable directly adjacent the proximal portion of at least one of the tieback rods, a washer positionable about the proximal portions of the tieback rod in abutment with the force distribution member, and a fastener fixedly securable to the proximal portion of the tieback rod to securely clamp the washer against the force distribution member such that tensile forces imposed on the tieback rod are transmitted to the force distribution member so as to distribute these forces throughout a portion of the retaining wall.

Abstract: A retaining wall module (1) comprises a wall panel member (2) having a front and a rear provided with a transverse loop (10) at its rear and a footing member (4) mechanically connected to the panel member (2) by means of engagement with the loop (10). In one embodiment the footing member (4) comprises an elongate base and a head (8) at one end of the base for engagement with the loop (10). Also provided is a retaining wall module comprising a pair of opposing wall panel members (2), each having a front and a rear and provided with a transverse loop (10) at its rear and a footing member (46) extending between the rears of the wall panel members (2) and being mechanically connected to each wall panel member (2) by means of the loops (10).

Abstract: A retaining wall system and method for stabilizing earthen walls comprises box members assembled together to form a reinforcing wall assembly and anchor mesh connected to the box members and buried within the earthen wall. The box members define an interior cavity and a rear wall that engages the face of the earthen wall. Waste material such as used tires or waste dirt may be placed within the interior chambers of the box members. The anchor mesh is attached to the rear wall to inhibit lateral movement of the reinforcing wall assembly. The box members are connected to the anchor mesh by locking pins that extend through loop portions of the anchor mesh and engage a front face of the wall panels. Anchor bars are connected to the loop portions of the anchor mesh. These anchor bars engage a back face of the box members to control and limit the movement of the box members relative to the anchor mesh as earth is back-filled against the box members.

Abstract: A novel centralizer system adaptable to virtually all known rock and soil anchoring applications. Most preferably made from a petroleum based material, the primary components to the centralizer include a plurality of straps and two collars at opposite ends of the straps. The straps are easily and manually inserted into slots in each of the collars. Each collar may be molded to provide slots for three or more straps. The collars are molded with grout passages between slots thereby allowing more than the required amount of grout to be fed through the centralizer. On a least one strap are molded two lock hold pins distally located along an outer edge of the strap yet before the point where the strap is inserted into each collar. A separate yet component tool is manually and virtually simultaneously placed over both lock pins. The tool is a narrow band of material punched with a plurality of holes and placed over both lock hold pins.