Abstract: A facing anchor assembly for securing a facing to a soil reinforcing element, the facing anchor assembly including first and second horizontally-disposed plates vertically-offset from each other and having at least one transverse protrusion disposed on each plate. The transverse protrusions can receive and seat at least one transverse wire of the soil reinforcing element and a coupling assembly can be configured to secure the at least one transverse wire in place, and also frictionally engage a pair of longitudinal wires of the soil reinforcing element between the first and second horizontally-disposed plates, thereby preventing removal of the soil reinforcing element.

Abstract: A modular wall block is adapted for being assembled together with a number of other blocks in stacked courses to form a retaining wall. The wall block has a front and rear, top and bottom, and opposing sides. The top and bottom define respective substantially planar stacking surfaces. A shear lug projects from one of the planar stacking surfaces of the top and bottom. A block-locating jut is formed with at least one of the opposing sides, and projects from the side at a point intermediate the top and bottom towards one of the planar stacking surfaces. The block-locating jut defines a base surface substantially coplaner with the stacking surface, and a lug-engaging shoulder adapted for engaging a shear lug of a wall block located in an adjacent stacked course.

Abstract: A landscaping wall includes concrete blocks dry stacked to form a wall. At least one of the blocks has a channel in the lower or upper surface of the block. An accessory mounting bar having a mounting portion and an outer end is positioned in the channel of the at least one block. At least one of an accessory or an accessory holder on the outer end of the mounting bar extends beyond the front face of the at least one block.

Abstract: A block having a top surface, a bottom surface opposing the top surface, a front surface, a rear surface opposing the front surface, the front and rear surfaces extending between the top and bottom surfaces, a first side surface, a second side surface opposing the first side surface, the first and second side surfaces extending between the front and rear surfaces, and a set of at least three leveling pads extending from the rear surface.

Abstract: Retaining wall building blocks for receiving fill material during construction of a retaining wall, retaining walls constructed with the building blocks and methods of manufacture of the building block wherein the block comprises a cast cement body having a base, a generally upright face wall extending upward from the base, two generally upright side walls extending upward from the base and generally rearward of the face wall, the base, upright face wall, and side walls each having an inner and an outer surface, the side walls each having a top and a rearward most end, and a fill receiving cavity defined by base inner surface, side wall inner surfaces and face wall inner surface for receiving fill material, the fill receiving cavity having a volume wherein a ratio of the volume of the fill receiving cavity to the volume of the retaining wall building block is at least 0.75:1, respectively.

Abstract: A modular block wall system is provided. In one embodiment, among others, the system comprises a modular block wall adjacent to earth material, the wall exhibiting an elevational angle; a first elongated member passing through the wall along the angle, the first elongated member secured at a bottom end and secured at a top end to the wall; and a second elongated member coupled, directly or indirectly, to the top end of the first elongated member and passing generally vertically downwardly into and secured in the earth material.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of connecting a geogrid to a segmental retaining wall with the use of positive connectors between upper and lower blocks.

Abstract: A bag for retaining structures, includes a plurality of cells aligned side-by-side in a continuous manner and configured to be filled with a filling material. Each cell of the bag includes a bottom wall, a first side wall, a second side wall, a back wall, and a front wall, the front wall being longer than the back wall. Furthermore, the first and second side walls each include a) a first corner located where the back wall connects with the bottom wall, said first corner being substantially 90 degrees; and b) a second corner located where a respective top edge of each side wall connects with the rear wall, said second corner being substantially 90 degrees.

Abstract: A concrete block and a concrete block set for building a segmental retaining wall. Each block of the block set comprises front and back faces connected together by side walls extending between a top surface and a bottom surface. The shapes of the side walls create a lateral interlock system between adjacent blocks, and one of the side walls is preferably inwardly bevelled. Each block of the block set also comprises a longitudinal slot on the bottom surface. The blocks forming a first subset of the block set are provided with a vertical connector centered between said front and back faces, on the top surface, and sized to fit into the longitudinal slot located on the bottom surface of a block positioned immediately above in a segmental retaining wall. The blocks forming a second subset are not provided with such a vertical connector.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a support structure including a plurality of mats, each mat including a substantially fixed matrix of spaced tubular rings. The mats are vertically stacked such that the tubular rings are co-extensive and form a matrix of tubular columns. Materials may be poured into the columns and into the void region between the columns, and geotextile or geomembrane-type fabric may wrap the mats and materials to form a block. The blocks may be arranged in one or more horizontal layers, and may be stacked and staggered with respect to blocks in a lower layer. A method of installing the structure is also disclosed.

Abstract: The facing element for a stabilized soil structure comprises a body of cast material inside which a path is formed for a reinforcement strip between two points of emergence situated on a rear face of the element. This path includes two rectilinear portions which are respectively adjacent to the two points of emergence and are each arranged so as to position the strip in the same plane of emergence perpendicular to the rear face, two curved portions which respectively continue the two rectilinear portions and are arranged so as to deviate the strip from the plane of emergence, and a connection portion which joins the two curved portions to one another and has at least one loop situated outside the plane of emergence.

Abstract: A modular wall block is adapted for being assembled together with a number of other blocks in stacked courses to form a retaining wall. The wall block has a front and rear, top and bottom, and opposing sides. The top and bottom define respective substantially planar stacking surfaces. A shear lug projects from one of the planar stacking surfaces of the top and bottom. A block-locating jut is formed with at least one of the opposing sides, and projects from the side at a point intermediate the top and bottom towards one of the planar stacking surfaces. The block-locating jut defines a base surface substantially coplaner with the stacking surface, and a lug-engaging shoulder adapted for engaging a shear lug of a wall block located in an adjacent stacked course.

Abstract: A method of making a wall block and a mold box therefore. The wall block design maximizes the use of the mold box. The method produces wall blocks having a large surface area front face compared to the front face size of prior art blocks. The blocks have about one third more front surface area. This results in faster construction of walls and a faster construction sequence. The method of making the blocks makes efficient use of mold space and material, resulting in higher production yields and/or higher total daily production square footage.

Abstract: A retaining wall, in particular a retaining wall (24) inclined against a soil backfill, composed of individual shaped blocks (20, 21, 22, 23), the shaped blocks (20, 21, 22, 23) being arranged one above the other in layers (30) and the shaped blocks (20, 21, 22, 23) of adjacent layers (30) each engaging in a form-fitting manner with one another in the region of upper sides (25) and lower sides (26) of the shaped blocks (20, 21, 22, 23). Provision is made according to the invention for upper sides (25) and lower sides (26) of the shaped blocks (20, 21, 22, 23) to be designed and/or oriented in such a way that when lateral pressure is exerted transversely to an imaginary longitudinal axis of the retaining wall (24), individual layers (30) can be displaced in the corresponding direction.

Abstract: A stackable masonry unit having male and female elements that cooperate with complementary female and male elements on identical, opposing, adjoining units to create an interlocking two- or three-unit module from single design element. Each interlocking module comprises a portion of a course in a block wall made of cementitious material, e.g., a concrete masonry unit or insulating concrete foam.

Abstract: A landscaping wall includes concrete blocks dry stacked to form a wall. At least one of the blocks has a channel in the lower or upper surface of the block. An accessory mounting bar having a mounting portion and an outer end is positioned in the channel of the at least one block. At least one of an accessory or an accessory holder on the outer end of the mounting bar extends beyond the front face of the at least one block.

Abstract: The present invention provides an earth anchor bracket supported by a girder coupled to a side surface of an earth wall to fix a free length of an anchor body inserted into a boring hole formed at the earth wall according to an earth anchor method. The earth anchor bracket of the present invention includes two side plates each including a curved portion including saw-teeth and facing each other; a coupling material coupling and fixing the two side plates; and a pressure bearing means, supported by the two side plates and including obstacle protrusions engaged with the saw-teeth of the two side plates and a through portion withdrawing the free length of the anchor body.

Abstract: An earthen containment reinforcement system has a plurality of connected panels containing recycled rubber vehicle tire material forming a retaining or barrier wall. The panels are connected by interlocking joints and include a rodent barrier for deterring rodent burrowing. An erosion shield having a proximal end connected to the top edge of each of a topmost panel of the interconnected panels, and a distal end extending away from the top of the interconnected panels toward a side of the earthen containment that is opposite a side in contact with water, wherein the distal end comprises an upwardly curved toe to prevent erosion at the base of the levee.

Abstract: A retaining wall block has spaced-apart front and rear sections interconnected by two laterally spaced-apart side sections that jointly define a through-cavity that extends through the block from a top face thereof to a bottom face thereof. Two or more protuberances protrude outwardly from the top face of the front section frontwardly of the through-cavity. A groove extends laterally in the bottom face of the front section frontwardly of the through-cavity. The groove is located and dimensioned relative to the protuberances so that two blocks can be stacked one atop another in staggered relation with one or more protuberances of the lower block engaged with one but not both of a front wall and a rear wall of the groove of the upper block and the upper block setback with respect to the lower block.

Abstract: A construction apparatus including a body having a front, a rear, a top, a bottom, and first and second opposite sides. The front has a front surface having a plurality of block images configured to generally depict a plurality of courses of blocks, each of the courses having a respective course width. The first and second sides have generally complementary step shapes including at least two rises and at least one run between the rises, each rise being about equal to one of the course widths or a sum of a plurality of the course widths.

Abstract: A set of landscaping blocks is provided for building a retaining wall. The set of landscaping blocks include three groups of precast blocks with each group being of a different size and particularly having a different depth. The group of blocks having the greatest depth is utilized to form one or more lower courses of the retaining wall. The group of blocks having the second greatest depth is utilized to form one or more intermediate courses for the retaining wall, and the intermediate courses of block are stacked over the one or more lower courses of block. Finally, the group of blocks having the least depth is utilized to form one or more upper courses of the retaining wall. Once the retaining wall is formed, a backside of the retaining wall assumes a step configuration wherein portions of the upper surfaces of the lower and intermediate courses are exposed. To form the blocks of each group, concrete is poured into a mold having a series of side-by-side sections.

Abstract: Concrete wall blocks are described with features facilitating use of the wall blocks to construct each of: a wall section with set back; and, a vertical wall without set back. Wall blocks, kits or sets of wall blocks, and wall sections with various sized blocks are described. Further methods of assembly and use are described. Also, features selectively usable in various types of wall blocks are described.

Abstract: A retaining wall or a counterfort retaining wall incorporates a vertical stem wall section, a base section having a toe, a heel, and a number of shallow piles at the bottom of the base section to improve the sliding and overturning safety factor of the wall. To further improve the sliding and overturning safety factor of the wall, an edge of the heel is slanted with a bevel or a batter with an angle to pick up more resisting load.

Abstract: A system for securing a facing comprising a wire grid that is positionally fixed relative to an earthen formation in a substantially vertical position, a formation anchor that is positionally fixed between the wire grid and the earthen formation, a facing that is laterally offset a distance from the wire grid and having a facing anchor, and a turnbuckle that is rotatably coupled between a first connector and a second connector, wherein the first connector is coupled to the facing anchor and the second connector is coupled to the formation anchor, such that rotation of the turnbuckle relative to the first and second connectors adjusts the distance between the wire grid and the facing.

Abstract: A retaining wall block has parallel top and bottom faces, a front face, a rear face, first and second side wall faces and a vertical plane of symmetry extending between the front and rear faces. The block is formed as a body portion including the front face, a head portion including the rear face and a neck portion connecting the body portion and the head portion. The body, head and neck portions each extend between the top and bottom faces and between the first and second side wall faces. An opening extends through the neck portion from the top face to the bottom face, dividing the neck portion to into first and second neck wall members extending rearwardly from the body portion to the head portion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to environment resistant landscaping products, such as retaining wall and earth retention products, edgers, paving stones and the like, that provide a natural earthen appearance, such as rock, stone, sand, soil, clay, wood, trees and foliage, water, or any other natural earthen appearance. The present invention also includes a mass confinement cell that may be used in retaining walls and earth retention systems that has a natural earthen appearance and is resistant to damage and wear caused by the environment. The mass confinement cells are generally light-weight and include a continuous chamber that at least partially aligns with confinement cells positioned above and below, thereby allowing the intermingling of fill material between adjacent cells. The mass confinement cells are capable of accepting and retaining any type of filling material. The filling material provides weight, stability and security to a retaining wall constructed of such mass confinement cells.

Abstract: A retaining wall or steeply faced slope is disclosed having a naturally green façade. The wall or slope is made of blocks of compacted earth, each having a face reinforced with wire mesh and covered with vegetation such as native grasses. The blocks may be formed onsite, saving transportation costs and other waste, using native soils. The mesh may extend beyond other faces of each block to provide handles and geogrid anchoring. A press is disclosed to form the blocks by compacting soil mixed with cement, the press including hydraulic rams or screw jacks that create immense pressures and having wedge shaped sides that relieve lateral confining pressure when the block is extracted. The wall may be expected to last indefinitely, despite the vegetation growing on it.

Abstract: The facing element for a stabilized soil structure comprises a body of cast material inside which a path is formed for a reinforcement strip between two points of emergence situated on a rear face of the element. This path includes two rectilinear portions which are respectively adjacent to the two points of emergence and are each arranged so as to position the strip in the same plane of emergence perpendicular to the rear face, two curved portions which respectively continue the two rectilinear portions and are arranged so as to deviate the strip from the plane of emergence, and a connection portion which joins the two curved portions to one another and has at least one loop situated outside the plane of emergence.

Abstract: A building element adapted to be assembled with a similar element to form a retaining wall, including a front panel section disposed at an angle relative to a first plane, having a rear planar surface lying in a second plane disposed at an angle relative to the first plane and inclined forwardly; a rear beam section spaced from the first panel section, having a height less than the height of the front panel section, a front planar surface lying in a third plane disposed at an angle relative to the first plane and inclined rearwardly and a rear planar surface lying in a plane disposed at an angle to the first plane and inclined forwardly; and at least one panel section interconnecting the front and rear panel sections.

Abstract: A concrete retaining wall block includes insets along the sides and in the rear and a locator protrusion on one of the top or bottom surfaces. The block has a depth that is less than the height and less than one-half of the width of the front surface. A volume is defined behind the front surface of the block. The volume is shaped to receive pourable concrete when a plurality of the blocks are stacked to form a wall in a manner that locks the blocks to concrete behind the blocks when the concrete cures. In preferred embodiments, the concrete is no-fines concrete. Retaining walls may be constructed from these blocks.

Abstract: A block having at least one front face, at least one back face, sides connecting the front and back faces, a top surface, a bottom surface and at least one cavity passing through the entire height of the block from the top surface to the bottom surface, wherein the cavity is positioned so that the centre of mass of the block lies closer to the back face than does the geometric centre of the block.

Abstract: A retaining wall for supporting and stabilizing cut or fill areas of excavation and a method of constructing a retaining wall. The wall is preferably constructed by applying the concrete pneumatically. The method comprises installing a backing board while the vertical wall is pneumatically constructed. The backing board may be selectively removed after application of concrete. The footing and vertical wall can be constructed monolithically utilizing this method. This method of construction yields a high strength wall with very few construction steps and uses materials efficiently. The flexibility in the design and advantages regarding accessibility, along with needing fewer workers for construction, are also a large benefit.

Abstract: A block assembly includes integral connection mechanisms specifically designed for incorporation into engineered retaining walls. These connection mechanisms specifically accommodate the use of reinforcing grids in the formation of a retaining wall which, when used, will stabilize the retaining wall and provide additional strength. The connection mechanism is formed prior to fabrication of the block itself, and thus can be integrally incorporated during casting/fabrication of the block itself. The connection mechanism defines a connection slot usable during retaining wall fabrication (by allowing easy connection to the reinforcing grid) while also accommodating holding and lifting of the block assembly. Due to the fabrication method, the configuration of the connection mechanisms inserted into the block can be uniquely designed to provide desired physical coupling once the concrete is hardened.

Abstract: Stabilizing strip (10) intended for use in reinforced earth structures comprising laterally-opening notches (16) and/or pre-notches (17) making it possible to impose a finite radius of curvature on said strip (10).

Abstract: A double-wall protection levee floodwall has a pair of piles placed into soil at the bank at the edge of a water body or formed by a levee. The piles of the pair are oriented parallel to each other, are spaced apart transversely, and are rigidly connected together by a connector so that when the force of rising water or a water-borne object is applied to a face of one of the piles, a force couple develops that places one of the piles in tension and the other pile of the pair in compression. The distance between the force-coupled piles and the depth of the piles in the soil provide the ability to withstand predetermined transverse forces while conserving materials and space. Fill material, riprap, earthen support, and erosion control matting can improve the function of the double-wall floodwall. Multiple pairs of piles can be longitudinally placed to form a continuous floodwall.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a PHC pile used in a permanent retaining wall structure, and a connection method thereof, and more particularly, to a method of connecting PHC piles to each other by inserting a connection bar into connection pipes embedded in sheaths of the PHC piles. To this end, the PHC pile comprises a left connection pipe installed at one side of the sheath of the PHC pile and a right connection pipe embedded at the other opposite side of the sheath. Further, the method of connecting the PHC pile to each other comprises the steps of inserting a water-proof material into inner semi-cylindrical grooves of the connection pipes, inserting the connection bar between the connection pipes of the PHC piles, and consecutively connecting a plurality of PHC piles to one another by repeating the above steps.

Abstract: A multi-component segmented retaining wall (SRW) block that may form a mortarless retaining wall. Each SRW block includes an interlocking face unit and an anchor unit that together form a vertically oriented hollow core bounded by the inner walls of the face unit and the anchor unit. Each face unit and anchor unit pair are interlocked by complementary connector elements.

Abstract: A seawall is formed of concrete modules that are laterally disposed relative to one another and interlocked to one another at their abutting end walls. Each module has a base that overlies a support surface and an upstanding sea-retaining wall disposed perpendicular to the base, forming an inverted “T” and having no brace walls. The sea-retaining wall has a front surface facing a body of water and a back surface facing land. The seawall is formed by a mold that includes a base having a generally parallelepiped configuration and a pair of slightly inclined mold walls for forming the sea-retaining wall of the module. A first embodiment includes a steel mold. A second embodiment includes an aluminum mold having parts that open along hinge lines and which require reinforcement dowels to prevent pressure-induced bulges.

Abstract: A segmental retaining wall system utilizing extruded strips for soil reinforcement. The retaining wall is composed of a plurality of wall blocks that are stacked securely using interlocking pins and an extruded strip. The wall can be built such that it has vertical or battered angle dependant on the orientation of the interlocking pins.

Abstract: A connection apparatus for securing a facing to a soil reinforcing element wherein the soil reinforcing element has a pair of adjacent longitudinal wires with horizontally extended converging portions, a stud having a first end attached to the horizontally extended converging portions, and a second end bent upwards and terminating at a head, a facing anchor having a pair of vertically disposed loops adjacently extending from the facing and having an opening for receiving a vertical portion of the stud, and a device configured to secure the vertical portion of the stud against separation from the opening between the vertically disposed loops, wherein the stud and the attached soil reinforcing element are capable of swiveling in the horizontal and vertical directions.

Abstract: A multi-component segmented retaining wall (SRW) block that may form a mortarless retaining wall. Each SRW block includes an interlocking face unit and an anchor unit that together form a vertically oriented hollow core bounded by the inner walls of the face unit and the anchor unit. Each face unit and anchor unit pair are interlocked by complementary connector elements.

Abstract: A dry-stackable masonry brick having a top surface, a bottom surface, a front surface, a rear surface, and opposing side surfaces. The brick is provided with a plurality of channels, which extend along the top, bottom and one side of the brick. The channels are configured and arranged so that they are able to receive a projection from one or more adjacent bricks in an interlocking relation. The brick may be positioned on either of the opposing sides in a vertical orientation, with the bottom side up, or even with the rear surface facing forwardly. The front and rear surfaces of the brick may be provided with different surface treatments to increase the number of differently configured walls that may be constructed. Moreover, the front and rear surfaces may be provided with marginal areas that are configured so that they are able to receive and retain filler material.

Abstract: A retaining wall block has parallel top and bottom faces, a front face, a rear face, first and second side wall faces and a vertical plane of symmetry extending between the front and rear faces. The block is formed as a body portion including the front face, a head portion including the rear face and a neck portion connecting the body portion and the head portion. The body, head and neck portions each extend between the top and bottom faces and between the first and second side wall faces. An opening extends through the neck portion from the top face to the bottom face, dividing the neck portion into first and second neck wall members extending rearwardly from the body portion to the head portion.

Abstract: One embodiment of modular wall blocks of the present disclosure can be implemented as follows. An interlocking retaining wall block, adapted for assembly into a retaining wall including a plurality of stacked rows of at least a plurality of said blocks. The block includes left, right, front and rear body portions, and left and right protruding body portions extending outwardly in left and right directions from said left and right body portions, respectively. The block further includes left and right aligning elements extending upwardly from an upper surface of said left and right protruding body portions, respectively, each of said aligning elements having an upper surface that is angled downwardly from rear to front, each of said aligning elements being operable to be received by a void of another one of said blocks.

Abstract: A facing anchor for securing a soil reinforcing element to a facing comprising an unbroken length of continuous wire originating with a pair of lateral extensions cast into a concrete wall and including a series of loops extending from the concrete wall, wherein the loops each include an angularly inclined distal end segment configured to receive corresponding ends of the soil reinforcing element.

Abstract: Embodiments of retaining wall systems suitable for use as a traffic barrier for roadways include a prefabricated concrete retaining wall section and a pour-in-place footing. Another system includes a pre-cast retaining wall section and a pre-cast footing. In use, a plurality of retaining wall sections may be placed side-by-side in close proximity to one another to allow for a continuous retaining wall to be constructed.

Abstract: A retaining wall block and method of forming a retaining wall block are provided. The block includes front, back, top, bottom and side surfaces. The top surface of the retaining wall block includes a set of protrusions and the bottom surface includes a channel for engaging with the protrusions of adjacent blocks. Side surfaces of the block are tapered from the front surface to the back surface. A block form and a method of securing a stabilizing sheet to a block are also provided.

Abstract: A block having a top surface, a bottom surface opposing the top surface, a front surface, a rear surface opposing the front surface, the front and rear surfaces extending between the top and bottom surfaces, a first side surface, a second side surface opposing the first side surface, the first and second side surfaces extending between the front and rear surfaces, and a set of at least three leveling pads extending from the rear surface.

Abstract: A retaining wall block is disclosed that has a body. The body has a top, a bottom, a first end, a second end, a front side, and a rear side. The top has a first surface and a second surface adjacent the first surface. The first surface of the top is a first distance higher than the second surface of the top. The bottom has a first surface and a second surface. The second surface of the bottom is a second distance lower than the first surface of the bottom. The first and second distances are substantially similar. The first end has a top portion that extends a third distance beyond a bottom portion. The second end has a bottom portion that extends a fourth distance beyond a top portion. The third and fourth distances are substantially similar.

Abstract: An earthen containment reinforcement system has a plurality of connected panels containing recycled rubber vehicle tire material forming a retaining or barrier wall. The panels are connected by interlocking joints, and secured by a reinforcing cable that traverses the length of the connected panels. For added structural integrity, the reinforcing cable is connected by a plurality of tether cables to a corresponding plurality of anchors that are sunken in the earthen containment. An erosion shield is connected to the top edge of the retaining wall, and extends away from the top of the wall toward a land side of the earthen containment that is opposite the water side. By virtue of their construction from recycled vehicle rubber tire material, the panels are not only impervious to water and burrowing rodents and resistant to erosion, earth tremor, and explosion, but are easy and economical to fabricate and maintain.