Abstract: Discharge water from a building, e.g., rainwater discharged from downspouts or groundwater discharged from sump pumps, is carried away from the building in an underground pipe to an aboveground discharge outlet, said discharge operating only when the pipes are full of water and under pressure from the inlet. The underground pipe extends for a substantial distance away from the building and either turns upwardly to the aboveground discharge outlet; or empties into an underground tank which bleeds water downward into the surrounding earth through a porous bottom surface, and communicates water upward through its upper surface with the aboveground outlet.

Abstract: A filter block used in the construction of a multi-block filter bottom includes upper and lower lateral sections extending between end walls and being separated from each other by a horizontal petition that includes ports for communicating the upper and lower lateral sections with each other. A removable top wall section includes passages through it for communicating with the upper lateral section, and fastening means are provided for removably securing the top wall section to the remainder of the block.

Abstract: Porous pipe having a porosity which varies continuously and controllably with length is produced by extruding a mixture of particles of prevulcanized elastomer such as reclaimed crumb rubber and a thermoplastic binder such as polyethylene with all parameters controlled except for die temperature of pull-off rate. By gradually varying temperature or pull-off rate during extrusion, the porosity of the pipe gradually changes. The leak rate can be controlled in a manner to produce a length of porous pipe in which the leak rate is constant as the pressure drops over the length of the pipe.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a water detection subassembly and method for forming same, for use in association with water detection system operating within a digital computing center. The subassembly includes a perforated protective semi-circular shield fitted about a fabric mesh supporting copper conductors connected to a low voltage source. The perforations of the shield are formed into two distinct patterns: The first series comprises sets of openings adjacent to the apex of the shield and periodically spaced therealong. Each opening has a common arcuate length L, a width W, and an internal spacing S and, more importantly, is of sufficient dimension to allow easy entry of aerosol mixtures of air and water droplets originating from above the shield.

Abstract: An internally reinforced extruded plastic pipe which is adapted for use as an underground infiltration, collection, or transport conduit for liquids and gases. The pipe is provided with at least one integral reinforcing stem and the critical mode of failure is buckling rather than deflection. The pipe is not dependent upon surrounding backfill for lateral support as with conventional pipe or conventional reinforced pipe. The same amount of plastic is usable per lineal unit as is used in comparable conventional pipe sizes, however, the cross-section is redistributed, which achieves greater loading capacity.

Abstract: Apparatus and a method for constructing a sewage drain field without a rock media. The drain field includes a plurality of lengthwise connected drain pipes suspended above the trench bottom within a channel formed by a plurality of elongated mesh-like channel forming members and in overlying relation to which assembly a porous, conforming length of sheet goods is mounted. As necessary, mesh-like end caps seal the ends of the channel forming members. Independently mounted filter elements may be used to filter the grey water and/or channel the grey water in lieu of the conduit.

Abstract: Process for producing flexible PVC irrigation pipe by extruding a plasticized PVC composition containing a melt strength-enhancing aid and a chemical blowing agent and (a) the extruded melt being expanded by foaming thereof immediately on leaving the die into a substantially closed-cell extrudate of outer diameter greater than the die orifice with the extrudate surfaces being substantially unpunctured, (b) drawing down the extrudate in the atmosphere causing rupturing of the foam cell walls of the extrudate to form a substantially open-cell extrudate having punctured surfaces, and (c) when the extrudate has been drawn down to a degree which is prior to any cellular collapse which would lead to the formation of water-impervious pipe, cooling the extrudate by passing it through a cooling means in order to prevent said collapse. Preferably the extrudate passes through a tubular guide into a water bath in step (c).

Abstract: An irrigation pipe, primarily for subterranean irrigation, said pipe having incisions in the longitudinal direction of the pipe, which incisions will open under the action of the pressure enabling the irrigation water to flow into the surrounding ground. It is characteristic of the pipe that a pipe made of two-layer material is used, the outer part of which is thinner than the inner part and the inner part has been cooled down during the manufacturing before the outer layer has been made, by which method the characteristic can be obtained that the incision opens more on the outside than on the inside thus preventing impurities of any kind from accumulating in the incision.

Abstract: The invention relates to a draining ditch for the draining of roadways comprising a ditch body of U-shaped cross-sectional area which is potted in the concrete bed of the roadway and a cover plate or body covering the upper surface of the ditch body, the plate being provided with an abrasion resistance equal to or less than that of the roadway and having a thickness of at least half of the width of the ditch body and with a plurality of inlet openings.

Abstract: A drainage system for draining water away from a building having a horizontal base and walls extending vertically from the base. The drainage system includes first drain means located in a first trench provided in the ground beneath the base inside the perimeter thereof. The first trench extends around the perimeter of the base and inside of the vertically extending walls. Second drain means is located in a second trench provided in the ground adjacent the ground surface and adjacent the perimeter of the horizontal base. The second trench extends around the perimeter of the horizontal base and outside of the vertically extending walls. A gravel filling is provided in the first and second trenches and covers at least partially the first and second drain tiles.

Abstract: The conduit includes a top wall (A) and a base (B). The top wall A has an apex area (10) which is connected with a first corrugated side wall (12) and a second corrugated side wall (32). The side walls having alternating peaks (22, 42) and valleys (24, 44). The peaks have apex ends (26, 46) which are disposed closely adjacent each other at the apex area to define a hinge region therebetween. Disposed along the apex area and on the side wall peaks are a plurality of outward projecting dimples (70, 72, 74) which are severable by a tangentially disposed knife blade to form a plurality of apertures (50, 52, 54). The base B is a flexible sheet of plastic mesh material.

Abstract: A plastic underdrainage tube of generally reticular configuration formed by integrally extruding a plastic material is disclosed. The tube is basically composed of axially spaced apart annular bands having relatively greater thicknesses to reinforce or impart to the tube a high stability against surrounding pressures, and circumferentially disposed longitudinal strands in thicknesses less than those of said annular bands. These longitudinal strands are closely spaced apart along the circumference of the tube to form drainage openings between the circumferentially adjacent strands, the openings being disposed across the entire periphery and lengthwise of the tube to allow the water inflow over the entire wall portion thereof.

Abstract: An anchor 20 is disclosed for supporting an open top drainage channel 40 within a trench. Anchor 20 permits accurate placement and easy adjustment of channel 40 and thereafter permits the entire channel 40 to be embedded in concrete in a single pour. The anchor 20 is embedded within the earth defining the trench and counteracts the natural buoyancy so that channel 40 does not float upwardly in the unhardened concrete.

Abstract: A below ground drain and conduit member to receive surface water which also functions as a expansion and contraction joint is provided. The member comprises a hollow longitudinal member having an integrally joined upper polygonal portion (14) of a relatively narrower transverse dimension and a cylindrical lower portion (12) which may be anchored to the subsoil or a substrate and accommodates within said lower portion a cylindrical pipe to carry away accumulated water. The structural components are particularly adapted to be soldered or welded to form a water tight drainage system.The drain of the invention is adapted to be aligned and secured by attaching clips (80) which may be secured, such as by stakes driven into the subsoil, to prevent dislocation as concrete is poured around the drain.Water to be drained enters openings (23) in the top side, i.e.

Abstract: Articles are disclosed for use in providing both water-proofing protection to a foundation wall, and a support system for decorative landscaping material around the perimeter of a building. The article is in the form of an open pan having a waterproof and substantially impervious bottom, a continuous back-wall; a front-wall including perforations, and a pair of side-walls. The pan is used by placing it adjacent to a foundation wall at ground level with its back-wall abutting the foundation wall, its bottom on the ground at grade level, and its perforated front-wall spaced from the foundation wall. Additional pans may be placed adjacent to the pan at one or both of its side-walls.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for efficiently installing lines, pipes or cables underground. In operation, a boring head which forms an elongated bore underground along with the movement of a boring device is disposed underground. A flat plastic sheet is continuously reeled out and is formed into a rigid plastic tube. A hauling rope is simultaneously reeled out into the rigid plastic tube, such plastic tube and hauling rope have their front extremities connected to the rear end of the boring head. The plastic tube is continuously installed underground along with the movement of the boring head. The movement of the boring head also provides simultaneous extending of the hauling rope in and along a installed plastic tube. The front portion of the line, pipe or cable is connected to the tail portion of the extended hauling rope. Finally, only the hauling rope is pulled or hauled within and along the plastic tube so as to install the line, pipe or cable in and along the plastic tube.

Abstract: A drip irrigation hose which is characterized by a tubular hose member having a major or primary channel or conduit and a secondary regulatory conduit or channel plate laminated between the lapped edge portions of the major channel with one edge of the secondary conduit plate communicating with the interior of the primary conduit and the liquid supply therein, and the opposite edge of the secondary conduit plate communicating with the surrounding. The secondary conduit plate can be shaped from an elongated strip of resilient film or sheeting and includes interior fluid flow paths in a sequenced, repetitive configuration which communicate with the high pressure liquid supply in the major or primary channel and with discharge openings provided in spaced relationship in the secondary conduit plate.

Abstract: A perforated drainpipe in which at least one sheet comprised of polymeric material is shaped in generally tubular configuration with adjacent edges thereof being slightly spaced apart to define therebetween a gap extending along the tubular sheet, and at least one ribbon comprised of polymeric material, which can be the same or different as that in the tubular sheet, helically wound around the tubular sheet, preferably by extrusion, and integrally bonded thereto so as to reinforce the same and maintain the shape of the same. The sheet or sheets can extend longitudinally, being bent or curved width-wise so as to have such tubular shape, with the gap extending longitudinally.

Abstract: A subsoil irrigation system comprising a flexible conduit with a longitudinal row of spaced outlet nozzles passing through the conduit and exteriorly protected by a flat having an edge secured to the conduit, a free edge with a bead, and wherein the conduit is formed on a slight curve so that when it is straightened in position underground the free edge of the flat will lie in intimate contact with the conduit to prevent the intrusion of foreign particulate matter in the nozzles.

Abstract: A snake cleanable fluid flow system is provided which incorporates a first fitting in the form of a clean-out elbow and a second fitting in the form of a tee. Each of the fittings have a first passageway open at each end and a second passageway intersecting the first passageway. The clean-out elbow is provided with a baffle which selectively directs a snake inserted in its second passageway into a predetermined end of the first passageway. The tee also has a baffle which diverts a snake inserted into either end of its first passageway into its second passageway. The tee and clean-out elbow are connected by a pipe and a partitioned pipe is connected to the second passageway of the clean-out elbow so as to facilitate insertion of a snake. The baffles facilitate cleaning the fluid flow system by deflecting the snake inserted in the clean-out elbow and tee.

Abstract: A drain pipe consisting of an outer pipe casing, which downwardly or on the lower surface is provided in the longitudinal direction with a recess, from which two partition walls extend upward and are connected at the upper end to the inside of the pipe casing via extensions of the partition walls resembling inclined roofs. In the inclined roof shaped extensions, which are connected in a line at the inside of the pipe casing, overflow openings are milled in a single operation.

Abstract: Concrete pipe including a hollow tube of concrete with a grid of reinforcing bars embedded therein. A plurality of inserts are embedded in the concrete pipe in between the bars of the grid and have passageways therethrough to form slots between the interior of the concrete pipe and the exterior thereof at predetermined locations to form slotted concrete pipe.

Abstract: A surface drainage culvert of the type comprising a pipe section which is cut longitudinally forming an aperture along the upper surface of the pipe and which has an upstanding grate assembly lodged within the aperture.The aperture consists of a series of longitudinally spaced slots in the pipe with unslotted pipe portions separating each slot. The grate assembly consists of a pair of spaced, parallel sidewalls which form an inlet drainage passage to accept drainage water inflow at the top of the passage and discharge the water at the bottom of the passage through the aperture into the pipe. Lateral stiffeners maintain the spacing of the top of the drainage passage, while a spacer means, situated within a guide formed in the grate assembly sidewalls, maintains the spacing of the sidewalls at the bottom of the drainage passage.

Abstract: Concrete pipe including a hollow tube of concrete with a grid of reinforcing bars embedded therein. A plurality of inserts are embedded in the concrete pipe in between the bars of the grid and have passageways therethrough to form slots between the interior of the concrete pipe and the exterior thereof at predetermined locations to form slotted concrete pipe. The inserts are attached to the grid of reinforcing bars during formation of the pipe and the concrete is introduced to surround the grid and inserts and is permitted to set. Thereafter, the formed concrete pipe contains embedded reinforcing bars and inserts in predetermined locations resulting in a slotted reinforced concrete pipe.

Abstract: An underground watering system having a water distribution pipe and at least one strainer box over the water distribution pipe, the strainer box containing gravel or other particulate matrial, and the distribution pipe having a water emitting aperture which is located within the strainer box, so that water is discharged into the particulate material.

Abstract: A corrugated metal open top pipe drain for the collection and removal of surface water from paved areas, such as highways, parking lots, airports and the like.

Abstract: This invention is in regard to septic tank drainage conduit structures, including an open-sided conduit structure for installation in clay type soil conditions and a U-shaped conduit structure for use in loose or sandy soil conditions. Each conduit structure is constructed of an integral material and of a large size to achieve maximum absorption of waste septic fluid into the surrounding soil area. Each conduit structure is supported on leg members with a completely open bottom area between the leg members to achieve maximum waste water absorption downwardly from each conduit structure.

Abstract: A process of installing a pipe system under an existing building constructed upon a concrete slab or other foundation not permitting access beneath the ground floor, for the purpose of periodic introduction of insecticide to control or eradicate subterranean termites or other such pests, comprising forming a substantially horizontal hole or accessway beneath the building slab or foundation, inserting a pipe through the formed hole, the pipe being made of a plastic or flexible material containing apertures for discharging the insecticide, the pipe being inserted in the hole or accessway by capping one end of the pipe and inserting a solid push rod into the pipe until the push rod contacts the capped end whereby the pipe can be pushed through the hole or accessway without lateral or vertical displacement.

Abstract: The present invention constitutes an improved subsurface irrigation and drainage apparatus and system for its use that includes at least one main pipe or line arranged to receive a water flow therein that can include a water born fertilizer and, optionally, the main pipe or line can incorporate a fan or like arrangement for injecting an air-flow therein and, as required, an airborn fertilizer. The main line preferably includes spaced cross-pieces that are joined to lateral lines or laterals and may incorporate sleeves therewith, which main line, laterals, and sleeves may contain weirs for maintaining a desired water head therebehind as appropriate, and may include slots, holes or like openings formed therein above and/or below a water line therein.

Abstract: A groundwater flow diversion system for reducing the rate of groundwater flow beneath a designated land area. The diversion system is comprised of one or more conduits located substantially around the circumference of a designated land area beneath the groundwater level so as to provide low resistance hydraulic connection to groundwater either continuously or at specified points of groundwater collection or discharge along the conduit structure. The diversion system reduces the groundwater potential energy differences between all points within the circumferential conduits and thereby reduces the rate of groundwater flow, essentially isolating the groundwater under the designated area from that outside of the construction.The diversion system protects property and water supplies located downstream of a contaminated area from pollution caused by contaminants carried by groundwater flow passing beneath the contaminated land.

Abstract: A filter tube for drain purposes provided with openings debouching at its outer surface, said openings being adapted to be connected to a sub-atmospheric source through at least one discharge channel in the tube. At least one flush-channel is formed in the tube, which is fully separated from the discharge channel(s) and which is adapted to be connected to a source of pressure fluid at or adjacent the one tube end, while at or adjacent the other tube end an outlet for said pressure fluid is formed.

Abstract: A drip irrigation pipe for use aboveground having conical apertures in the wall of the pipe at spacings corresponding to the space between the plants to be irrigated. The apertures diverge from the inside to the outside of the wall, with a center line making an angle of between 14.degree. to 30.degree. to the axis of the pipe and oriented in the direction of the water flow. Water is supplied at drip irrigation pressure of 10-35 p.s.i.

Abstract: Disclosed is a foldable arched conduit suitable for use as drain tubing, culverts and the like. The conduit has the cross section of a parabolic arch with a flat base. The arched portion of the conduit comprises a pair of rigid corrugated plastic walls jointed at the apex area by a hinge. The base is constructed from a flexible sheet material which may contain apertures for liquid ingress and egress. For shipment, the rigid walls are folded inward about the hinge with the flexible sheet being folded between the rigid walls in order to present a generally flat configuration. After folding, the conduit may be conveniently rolled or length placed in parallel stacks for reducing the storage and/or shipping space required. At installation, the conduit may be unrolled along the installation site and then caused to expand into its unfolded shape.

Abstract: This invention relates to drainage by use of elongated strips of such a physical structure that they allow an exchange of fluids between their core and the medium in which they are placed. The drainage strips are used by vertically placing them in wet soils to evacuate water contained in said soils by use of a pressure differential exerted upon the water due to the pressure of the soil layer over the atmospheric pressure in the interstices of the drainage structure.

Abstract: A drain trap comprises a plurality of flat water conveying plates with fine clearances therebetween and securely fixed to each other by ribs. Below said water conveying plates is fixed another water conveying plate of Y-shape in section having a water gathering passage and having fine clearances between the upper arms thereof and said flat plates, said flat plates and said Y-shaped plate being securely fixed to one another through further ribs. Said trap has a narrow end tightly engagable with a drain pipe through packing material.

Abstract: An improved valve for a subsurface irrigation system which valve includes a foot with a pair of oppositely facing laterally opening holes. The foot is sized to extend through a hole in the bottom surface of a pipe of the system and has an upstanding leg of flexible material to be received within the pipe in a flexed condition; the leg has a longitudinal passageway to deliver fluid flowing in the pipe to the holes in the foot; to the leg, a flexible tube extension is fitted to extend within the pipe and which is of a preselected length, to present predetermined resistance to the water flow, so that the water distribution from the system may be generally equalized by selecting the proper length tube extension.

Abstract: A double-duct conduit for irrigation and drainage comprises an inner small-diameter duct secured eccentrically inside an outer large-diameter duct with the walls of the ducts closely adjacent to one another along their tops. Ports through the wall of the inner duct are spaced above the bottom thereof, to provide a sump in its bottom and are spaced below its top to provide an air chamber above the sump. The outer duct also has ports through its wall, at its opposite sides, spaced below the level of the bottom of the inner duct but a little above the bottom of the outer duct, providing a shallow sump in the bottom of the outer duct and an air chamber thereabove. During irrigation, water falls from the inner duct to the sump in the outer duct, then flows out through the outer duct ports. For drainage, water rises in the outer duct to the level of the ports in the inner duct, while slime and sediment remain in the sump in the outer duct.

Abstract: An improved underground drainage pipe formed of an extruded stiffly flexible plastic member having a trough with spaced upstanding lips and an integral overlying roof with triangular shaped drainage openings formed through the lips at regular intervals along the length of the pipe. When buried, the drainage openings resist clogging by gravel or pebbles in the surrounding soil thereby improving the drainage capability of the pipe. The thickness of the trough increases from the center point to the lips thereby compensating for the drainage openings and enabling the pipe to withstand vertical loading forces.

Abstract: A method of producing porous tubes and hollow profile structures is characterized by coextruding different materials each through a separate section of a tube-forming extrusion die, one material being pore-forming and producing a porous wall section extending lengthwise of the extruded tube for providing a means of dispersing therethrough a fluid flowing internally of the tube, the other material being non-pore-forming or less pore-forming and producing a non-porous or less porous wall section extending lengthwise of the tube for providing mechanical strength to the tube.Also disclosed are a number of porous tube and hollow profile structures including various arrangements of porous and non-porous wall sections.

Abstract: An underdrainage pipe comprises a liquid-collecting pipe, protrusions on the liquid-collecting pipe, a filter layer around the liquid-collecting pipe and a liquid-conducting way, and the protrusions having at least one recess for each and the bottom portion of the recess not reaching the surface of the liquid-collecting pipe.

Abstract: A pipe for underdrainage comprises (1) a liquid-collecting pipe; (2) a plurality of discontinuous protrusions on the outer surface of the liquid-collecting pipe; (3) a filter layer capable of passing liquid while substantially excluding solids, the filter layer being disposed around the liquid-collecting pipe and contacting the top portions of the protrusions; and (4) a liquid-conducting way composed of a space communicating both in the longitudinal direction and in the peripheral direction of the liquid collecting pipe and defined by the protrusions, the outer surface of the liquid-collecting pipe and the inner surface of the filter layer.

Abstract: An irrigation and drainage system for cultivated fields, croplands and the like for supplying and extracting water and similar liquids through a subsurface conduit network automatically responsive to the ground water table occurring above or below a predetermined subsurface reference level near the depth of the conduit network. A plurality of elongated subsurface perforated conduit lines are located throughout the field at a uniform depth below ground along one or more ground elevation contour line or lines for outflow or inflow of water through the conduit line perforations when the ground water level is respectively below and above the predetermined subsurface reference level. Distribution boxes having an adjustable weir and supply water and excess water connections are provided for the conduit lines at each elevation.

Abstract: A hose conduit comprises an inner tubular fluid conducting space which is surrounded by a ringshaped space. Openings are provided in the wall of the inner hose leading into the ringshaped space. In the ringshaped space is provided a longway passage extending through repeated bows and bends and repeatedly changing its direction. From the said longway passage openings in the outer wall of the said ringshaped space lead into the open. The assembly of the hose conduit is built up of at least two layers of thin foil which are connected together. The longway passage is obtained by profiling one of the foils, i.e. by applying a raised, embossed pattern to one of the foils.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for the artificial irrigation of plants and flower beds, garden plots, plant containers, and the like, whether indoors or outdoors. The irrigation containers are provided at spaced locations and at desired depths in the earth in the area which is to be irrigated. The dimensions of the containers are essentially less than that of the area and each irrigation container includes at least one hollow member extending through the top wall thereof and including a perforated bottom. The containers are filled with water so that the lower part of the hollow member is immersed in the water. The hollow member is filled with earth, and earth is provided over and around the irrigation containers so that the containers are entirely covered by the earth. The top of each container is provided with a plurality of perforations and the individual containers are connected to each other by means of sealed connection tubes. The plants are put into the earth above the container.

Abstract: A modular drain field section and a method for making a drain field section are disclosed having upper and lower casings which are connected together to form each drain field section. Both upper and lower casings have a center pipe portion which, when connected together, forms a central pipe and each casing has troughs on both sides of the center pipe portion. The lower casing troughs have a plurality of openings therein and a spillway connects the central pipe with the lower casing troughs. The modular drain field sections are connected together to form a drain field without the use of rock media, fill, drain tile, grace board or felt paper. A method of making the modular drain field section includes using the same mold both for the upper and lower casings.

Abstract: The invention relates to a soil irrigation system comprising subterranean distribution pipes for distributing water to overlying soil, each pipe having a perforated upper wall whose outer surface is covered with water permeable means for preventing said overlying soil from fouling the perforations of said upper wall, and means integral with the remaining wall structure of said pipe for retaining said water permeable means in its covering relationship with said upper wall; said water permeable means being a unitary layer of capillary material which, in addition to its antifouling function, aids in equilizing the outflow of water from all the perforations in said upper wall of the pipe from one end of the pipe to the other; and said retaining means being integral also with said upper wall and is provided with a pair of inwardly projecting cams which overlie and positionally secure the respective longitudinal side edges of said unitary layer of capillary material, said retaining means being constructed to preven

Abstract: An improved drainage field pipe is disclosed which is a cylindrical tube of substantially circular cross section composed of an organic polymer material, having a principal axis slightly inclined with respect to the horizontal, for conducting a fluid slurry containing solid particles from a source connected to the inlet thereof, to be dispersed along the lower side of the tube into a subterranean drainage trench lined with crushed rock. A plurality of slots perforate the tube along the lower side thereof, with each slot having its length dimension greater than its width dimension. The slots allow the solid particles from the fluid slurry to pass out of the tube into the drainage trench while preventing the crushed rock from passing from the drainage trench into the tube.