Abstract: An earth-boring tool may include a body having at least one blade, and at least one cutting element recess may be formed in a surface of the at least one blade. At least one cutting element may be affixed within the at least one cutting element recess. The at least one cutting element may comprise a substantially cylindrical lateral side surface configured to allow the at least one cutting element to rotate about a longitudinal axis within the at least one cutting element recess when the at least one cutting element is partially inserted into the at least one cutting element recess. The at least one cutting element may also include a back face comprising alignment features configured to abut complementary alignment features disposed on a back surface of the at least one cutting element recess. Methods of forming earth-boring tool bodies.

Abstract: A formed rotary cutting tool includes a cutting edge defining a cutting edge diameter that is increased and reduced in a direction of an axis of the tool, so as to have at least one neck portion in which the cutting edge diameter is minimized. The cutting tool includes a roughing portion which is provided on a periphery thereof and which is constituted by a succession of protrusions and recesses arranged in the direction of the axis. The roughing portion includes (i) a fine roughing portion that is provided in at least one of the at least one neck portion, and (ii) another portion that is provided in a portion that is other than the at least one of the at least one neck portion. The fine roughing portion of the roughing portion is different in characteristics from the above-described another portion of the roughing portion.

Abstract: A rotary cutting tool has a cutting tool body with a cutting end and a cutting portion adjacent to the cutting end. The cutting portion includes a first blade, which has a first finishing cutting portion and a first roughing cutting portion adjacent to the first finishing cutting portion. The cutting portion includes a second blade, which has a second finishing cutting portion and a second roughing cutting portion adjacent to the second finishing cutting portion. The first finishing cutting portion overlaps one or both of the second finishing cutting portion and the second roughing cutting portion. The first roughing cutting portion overlaps one or both of the second roughing cutting portion and the second finishing portion.

Abstract: A circular saw blade includes a supporting body, cooling channels provided in the inner region of the supporting body and running in the radial direction, and teeth provided in the region of the outer periphery of the supporting body. The cooling channels emerge from the circular saw blade in the region of the tooth bases or in the region of the flanks of the teeth. Furthermore, the circular saw blade has pockets which, starting from a tooth base or a flank of a tooth, extend inwardly into the region of the supporting body.

Abstract: A beveling cutter includes a body with a shaft hole formed through the center; a plurality of 10 cutter blades arranged at predetermined distances on the circumferential surface. of the body, each having a radial primary blade with a radial primary relief angle (a) ranging from about 5 to about 15 degrees and a radial secondary blade with a radial secondary relief angle (b) ranging from about 16 to about 30 degrees; discharge grooves formed longitudinally between the cutter blades to discharge chips produced in beveling; and a key groove formed at a portion inside the body, in which the helix angle (d) of the cutter blades ranges from about 5 to about 45 degrees. With the beveling cutter of the present invention, it is possible to smoothly discharge chips produced in beveling and to prevent damage to the cutter blades.

Abstract: The invention relates to a machining tool (14) for machining materials by removing material, in particular for wood or wood-like materials, metals, plastics and/or composite materials. The machining tool is provided to be driven in rotation about an axis of rotation (1) and comprises at least one row (17, 18, 19) of individual cutters (2, 2?) arranged in the peripheral direction and having cutting edges (3, 3?) which at least partly overlap. The cutting edges (3, 3?) have a rake angle and are located at an axial angle (?) in relation to the axis of rotation (1). The axial angle (?) lies in a range from 55° to <90° inclusive. The rake angle is >55°.

Abstract: A rotary cutting tool or end mill is provided, the tool comprising a plurality of pairs of diametrically-opposed, symmetrical, helical flutes formed in a cutting portion of the tool body, wherein the pitch between at least one pair of adjacent helical flutes is less than or greater than the pitch of at least one other pair of adjacent helical flutes in at least one radial plane along the axial length of the flutes, a plurality of peripheral cutting edges, wherein at least one of the peripheral cutting edges has a radial rake angle different from radial rake angle of a peripheral cutting edge of a different helical flute.

Abstract: A rotary cutting tool for forming a heat plate has a plurality of cutting blades arranged about a cutting tool body. The cutting edge profile of the rotary cutting tool has a lower radius portion and a middle convex portion. The lower radius portion has its center on the axis of the rotary cutting tool and the middle convex portion is defined by an inverse square curve of form Y=1/X2 with the vertical axis of the origin of the inverse square curve offset from the axis of the rotary cutting tool. X has values between 0.25 units and 4 units.

Abstract: A cutting insert has top and bottom surfaces in the thicknesswise direction, and front and rear surfaces in the widthwise direction. First and second cutting edges are formed in the lengthwise direction at intersection portions where the top surface intersects with the front and rear surfaces. Third and fourth cutting edges are formed in the lengthwise direction at intersection portions where the bottom surface intersects with the front and rear surfaces. The first to fourth cutting edges are divided by a plurality of recesses. The plurality of recesses are symmetric with respect to the lengthwise centerline (A), which runs between the first and third cutting edges on the front surface and are asymmetric with respect to the thicknesswise centerline (B) perpendicular to the lengthwise centerline (A).

Abstract: A method for profiling broad sides of a flat reversible key. A key blank is clamped to expose the first broad side of the key blank and complementary grooves and ribs are milled using a milling cutter with cutter teeth by advance in the longitudinal direction of the key relative to the longitudinal section profile of the cutter teeth. The key blank is then clamped in a position turned by 180° about the longitudinal center axis of the key so that the second broad side of the blank is exposed, and complementary grooves and ribs are milled into the broad side with milling cutter, by advance in the longitudinal direction of the key. The cutter shaft axes is inclined at an angle of inclination (?) relative to the longitudinal center plane of the key, at least one cutter tooth rib of the cutter teeth producing an undercut guide wall.

Abstract: A cutting portion of an integral cutting tool or of a cutting insert adapted for mounting onto a cutting tool holder to form a cutting tool, which comprises a plurality n of cutting edges. The cutting portion extends along a cutting path about a central axis. The cutting path (CP) passes through a point of each of the cutting edges which is at a maximal radial space R from the central axis, such that (formula I), where D=2R and ? is the angular extension of the cutting path about the central axis (X). At any given point along the cutting portion, (formula II), where L is one of the following: i. the extension of the cutting portion in a direction perpendicular to the cutting path; and ii. the extension of the cutting edges in a direction perpendicular to the cutting path.

Abstract: A double-sided, indexable face milling insert, including an upperside, an underside, and a neutral plane (NP) parallel to the upperside and the underside, the neutral plane forming a right angle with a geometrical center axis (C2). A plurality of indexable cutting edges are formed along circumferential borderlines in transitions between a number of clearance surfaces and the upperside as well as the underside. Each cutting edge includes a chip-removing main edge and a surface-wiping secondary edge, the secondary edge forming an obtuse angle with the main edge in planar view. A corner clearance surface extends between and connects each pair of upper and lower secondary edges, the corner clearance surface including first and second part surfaces which each form an acute angle (?) in side elevation view with respective reference planes (RP) parallel to the neutral plane.

Abstract: The milling cutter, in particular a round-head milling cutter, has a tool head, which extends along an axial direction and has a number of cutting teeth that each have a cutting edge. Chip flutes are located between each of the cutting teeth. The cutting teeth each have a front-side radial portion and a circumferential axial portion. The respective cutting edge and the chip flute are disposed such that they are inclined in opposite directions with respect to the axial direction such that the cutting tooth widens towards a foot region. In another embodiment, the tool head has two parts: a carrier part made of a tool steel, and a cutting part made of hard metal fastened to the carrier part. The milling cutter is distinguished by a long service life with a high cutting rate and a high quality of machining.

Abstract: A ball end mill in which a ball end cutting edge (3) has a convex shape in a tool rotation direction with respect to a line connecting a rotation center (O) and a radially outer end (3o) of the ball end cutting edge (3), in a front view of the tool. In the ball end mill, a rake angle (?) of each portion of the ball end cutting edge (3) is set in a range from ?10° to 0°, and the negative value of the rake angle (?) is increased from a tip of the ball end cutting edge (3) and a radially outer end (3o) of the ball end cutting edge (3) toward a middle point in the radial direction, and is maximized at approximately the middle point in the radial direction.

Abstract: A segmented orbital drill includes a segmented portion with a semi-finishing cutting portion and a plurality of finishing cutting portions. The semi-finishing cutting portion and finishing cutting portions are separated by grooves formed by a front wall and a rear wall. The segmented portion allows for a fresh cutting edge (i.e., rear wall of the groove) to be revealed as the orbital drill wears in the axial direction. The segmented portion also causes less contact with the workpiece, which reduces power consumption and minimizes deflection of the orbital drill. The segmented orbital drill also includes an optional pilot at one end of the drill, and a clearance neck portion between a shank and the segmented portion. A method of machining a workpiece using the segmented orbital drill is also disclosed.

Abstract: A cutting insert has a top surface and a bottom surface having a parallelogram shape, and four side surfaces connecting the top and bottom surfaces. One or more primary cutting edges are formed at intersections between the top and bottom surfaces and two opposing side surfaces. Secondary cutting edges are formed at intersections between the top and bottom surfaces and two other opposing side surfaces. The primary cutting edge forms a first angle with respect to a median plane parallel to the top and bottom surfaces. The secondary cutting edge forms a second angle with respect to the median plane. The top and bottom surfaces have a mounting surface and a rack surface, wherein the rack surface extends inwardly from the cutting edge toward the median plane. The top and bottom surfaces of the cutting insert have mirror symmetry with respect to the median plane.

Abstract: Provided is a long life carbide end mill which can perform stable cutting in high-efficiency machining such as die machining and parts machining. A cutting method using such an end mill is also provided. When a certain wavy or nicked peripheral cutting edge is considered a reference peripheral cutting edge with reference phases in a pitch of the reference peripheral cutting edge, wherein the distance of each reference phase is an amount corresponding to a value obtained by dividing the pitch of the nicks or waveform of each peripheral cutting edge by the number of the cutting edges; and the phase of at least one of the remaining peripheral cutting edges is deviated in the direction of the tool axis from the corresponding reference phase by an amount corresponding to 5% or less (excluding 0%) of the pitch.

Abstract: A knife (1) for machining spot welding electrodes (2) includes one or more cutting edges (3) for machining the spot welding electrodes (2) and one or more diverting devices (7) for diverting removed spot welding electrode material that occurs during the cutting process away from the area of the knife (1). The knife (1) has a cutting edge (3) and an associated diversion device (7). The cutting edge (3) and the associated diversion device (7) are formed in one piece. The knife (1) can be a component of an electrode cutting tool. A cap cutter that includes the knife (1) and/or the electrode cutting tool is also disclosed.

Abstract: In a semi-finishing cutter, rectangular tips and square tips are disposed in a staggered pattern in an axial direction in second to fourth step portions, so a single cutting edge is formed by a pair of one of the rectangular tips and one of the square tips. It is therefore possible to effectively reduce a frequency of contact with a blade root. A cutting speed of the semi-finishing cutter may be increased and a cutting feed may be made faster, so work in a semi-finishing process may be performed efficiently. The rectangular tips and the square tips have simple shapes, so known commercially available throwaway tips may be used. Accordingly, it is possible to provide the semi-finishing cutter in an easy-to-use form without increasing the cost.

Abstract: A face milling cutter has a shank portion adjoining a cutting portion. The cutting portion terminates in a plurality of cutting edges extending in a radial direction from a central axis of the face milling cutter. The cutting edges are convexly curved at least along a part of their length. A portion of the cutting edges proximate the central axis is nearer in an axial direction to the shank portion than a point, X, on the cutting edges that is farthest away from the shank portion. A distance Y, between the point, X, and the central axis is between 20% and 40% of a diameter, D, of the face milling cutter, and a central portion extends the distance, Y, and has a radius of curvature of about 110% of the diameter, D.

Abstract: A cutting insert has a top surface, a bottom surface, a plurality of side surfaces that connect the top and bottom surfaces. The side surfaces form an obtuse angle with the bottom surface as well as an acute angle with the top surface. The side surfaces include a first side surface and a second side surface, which form an obtuse angle with each other when seen from the above. A main cutting edge is formed at an intersection between the first side surface and the top surface. An inclined cutting edge, which is only for ramp milling, and a minor cutting edge are formed at an intersection between the second side surface and the top surface. An obtuse angle, which the second side surface forms with the bottom surface, is greater than that which the first side surface forms with the bottom surface.

Abstract: A cutting insert has a main body which is provided with an upper surface, a side surface, at least one groove which is formed in the side surface and which extends to the upper surface at one end, and a plurality of split cutting blades which are split by the at least one groove. The upper surface is provided with inclined portions corresponding to the split cutting blades. The distance of respective lower ends of the inclined portions from the corresponding split cutting blades increases toward the centers of the corresponding cutting blades in a plan view. A cutting tool having the cutting insert and a method for cutting a workpiece using the cutting tool are also provided.

Abstract: A cutting insert includes an upper surface, a lower surface, a side surface, a cutting edge, and a groove portion. The cutting edge includes a main cutting edge, an auxiliary cutting edge arranged so as to make an obtuse angle to the main cutting edge in the upper surface view, and a corner cutting edge positioned between the main cutting edge and the auxiliary cutting edge and is located in at least a part of an intersection portion between the upper surface and the side surface. The groove portion is located on the side surface so as to reach the upper surface. In this cutting insert, a side wall surface of the groove portion positioned on the side near the corner cutting edge is substantially parallel to the auxiliary cutting edge or comes close to the auxiliary cutting edge toward inside of the groove portion in the upper surface view.

Abstract: An insert according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an upper surface, a lower surface, a side surface which is connected to the upper surface and the lower surface, and includes a first side surface, and a cutting edge which is located an intersection of the upper surface and the side surface, and comprises a first cutting edge corresponding to the first side surface. The first cutting edge has a projected shape projected toward the upper surface in a side view, and has a recessed shape recessed inward in a top view. A cutting tool according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the insert and a holder configured to attach the insert thereto so that at least a part of the first cutting edge has a negative axial rake angle. A method of manufacturing a machined product according to an embodiment of the present invention is a method of manufacturing the machined product by using the cutting tool.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cutting insert for a cutting tool for the chip-removing high feed milling machining of workpieces, the cutting tool having a holder with a seat for receiving the cutting insert, the cutting insert having at least one cutting edge lying in a covering surface. To achieve a higher feed speed and greater cutting depth, particularly during high feed milling, there is provision, according to the invention, whereby the cutting edge has in portions three different radii of curvature, a first portion having the smallest radius, a middle second portion adjoining it having the largest radius, and a third portion adjoining the latter having a medium radius lying between the smallest and the largest radius, and whereby a peripheral line, running through all the cutting edges, of the covering surface is exclusively convexly curved. The invention relates, furthermore, to a correspondingly configured holder and to a cutting tool.

Abstract: A cutting tool having particular usefulness in milling fall includes a plurality of flutes wherein each flute includes a plurality of reliefs spaced equidistant along a leading cutting wall or edge and a second plurality of reliefs spaced equidistant along a trailing cutting wall or edge and wherein the second plurality of reliefs are off set evenly from the first plurality of reliefs. The plurality of reliefs on a second flute are offset from the plurality of reliefs on a first flute by a distance equal to the equidistance of the plurality of reliefs divided by the total number of flutes.

Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure provide a drill bit including a drill bit body having a central axis. A first cutting edge is disposed on the drill bit body at a first radial distance from the central axis as measured within a plane normal to the central axis. And a second cutting edge is disposed on the drill bit body at a second radial distance from the central axis as measured from within the plane. The first radial distance is less than the second radial distance.

Abstract: In a rough cutting cutter, square tips and rectangular tips are disposed in a staggered pattern in an axial direction in second to fourth step portions, so a cutting edge is formed by a pair of one of the square tips and one of the rectangular tips. It is therefore possible to effectively reduce a frequency of contact with a blade root. Furthermore, in the second to a fifth step portions, ARs (rake angles in the axial direction) and RRs (rake angles in a radial direction) of the square tips and the rectangular tips gradually increase in order from a tip end to a back end of a tool body. It is therefore possible to suppress chatter vibration during machining and is possible to reduce roughness of a cut surface of a work material.

Abstract: A milling cutter includes a cutter body and at least three circumferentially spaced insert pockets, axially offset one with respect to the other, each having a replaceable cutting insert secured thereto. Each cutting insert has at least two identical straight serrated cutting edges and all the cutting inserts are identical. A first insert pocket (30) is an axially forwardmost insert pocket. A second insert pocket is axially offset from the first insert pocket by a first offset distance that is smaller than an offset distance associated with any other pair of axially adjacent insert pockets.

Abstract: Gear milling cutter with replaceable milling inserts mounted on flank sides. Some are root inserts placed in tangentially spaced-apart positions along the periphery of the basic body; others are flank inserts tangentially spaced-apart and in ring formation radially inside the root inserts. Sweep areas of radially separated inserts overlap in a ring-shaped overlapping zone by radially inner ends of root inserts being situated nearer the center axis than radially outer ends of the flank insert next inside. A part edge of the cutting edge, located between the straight main edge and one of the ends of the insert is shorter than the main edge and deviates from a straight reference line in the extension of the main edge at a deviation angle of at most 10°. Cutting edges of root inserts overlap cutting edges of flank inserts in a point of intersection situated between end points of the part edges.

Abstract: The cutting insert is provided with a polygonal-shaped insert main body (2) having two polygonal surfaces (3, 3) spaced away from each other and a plurality of side surfaces formed between these polygonal surfaces and also provided with cutting edges (8A, 8B, 8C) formed as a rake face on a peripheral edge of a first side surface (4) among the plurality of side surfaces.

Abstract: An end mill including multiple spiral flutes in a helical shape around an axis that are formed in a periphery of the top portion of an end mill body which rotates on the axis. Cutting edges are formed at peripheral side ridge portions of wall surfaces of the flutes facing a front side in an end mill rotating direction. Honing is applied along each peripheral cutting edge such that the cutting edge has a variable honing width in the direction of the axis.

Abstract: A cutting tool system is designed to have a combined sinusoidal-shaped and helical-shaped cutting edge formed by an assembly of aligned common cutting inserts each having a sinusoidal and helical cutting edge.

Abstract: A cutting insert has an upper face, a lower face, a side face, an upper cutting edge, a lower cutting edge and a through hole. The upper face has a substantially polygonal shape. The side face has a first side face and a second side face. The first side face has at least one upper concave part and at least one lower concave part. The at least one upper concave part and the at least one lower concave part are separated from each other through a thick part being continuous along a width direction of the side face. The thick part has a curved region extending in the shape of a wave from one end to the other end in the width direction of the first side face in a side view.

Abstract: A cutter includes a cutter body, a first cutting portion and a second cutting portion. The first cutting portion is used for primary machining. The second cutting portion is used for precision machining, and is formed between the cutter body and the first cutting portion.

Abstract: A rotating cutting tool (10, 110) includes a body (12, 112) with a longitudinal axis (14, 114) and at least one flute (16, 116) and one active part (18, 118). Each active part has a peripheral surface including: a radial cutting edge (20, 120) that is at a cutting distance (Rc) from the longitudinal axis, a clearance face (30, 130) that is at a final clearance distance (Rd) from the longitudinal axis, and a control face (40, 140) that is at a penetration control distance (Rp) from the longitudinal axis. These distances satisfy the relation: 0<?p<?d, with ?p=|Rc?Rp| and ?d=|Rc?Rd|.

Abstract: End mills are disclosed which may be made monolithically of ceramic or other materials. The cutting portions of the end mills have lengths of cut that are no more than twice their cutting diameters and cores which are at least 0.7 times their cutting diameters. Their axial blades have cutting edges with negative radial rake and are separated by helical flutes. Their cutting ends have negative axial rake and are gashed ahead of center and have radial cutting edges with negative rake. Such end mills also have radiused corners and gashes transitioning from radial to axial at a flute. Methods of milling materials using such ceramic end mills are also disclosed.

Abstract: A cutting tool having an outer surface with a plurality of inserts connected to a distinct pocket extending generally radially on the outer surface. The cutting inserts are arranged in a helical array on the outer surface in a manner that at least one cutting edge of each cutting insert is spaced in an angular circumferential direction from the pocket of the next adjacent cutting insert. The spacing of the inserts is such that a distinct point on the each one of the one or more cutting edges define part of a layout line having a non-uniform slope.

Abstract: An insert comprises an insert main body having an upper surface and a plurality of side surfaces, a cutting edge located between both ends of a ridge which is between at least one side surface among the side surfaces and the upper surface, a high-positioned portion located at one end of the ridge, and a low-positioned portion located lower in the thickness direction of the insert main body than the high-positioned portion and located at the other end of the ridge. The cutting edge comprises a first flat cutting edge having substantially the same height as the high-positioned portion, and a tilted cutting edge having a height decreasing from the high-positioned portion toward the low-positioned portion.

Abstract: An end mill includes first cutting edges which spiral in a direction defining a positive helix angle and second cutting edges which spiral in a direction defining a negative helix angle, the first cutting edges and the second cutting edges being disposed at positions shifted in a circumferential direction. The first cutting edges and the second cutting edges are each configured to be continuous over an effective cutting edge length. At an axially forward end of the end mill, a first phase angle between one of the first cutting edges and its adjacent second cutting edge located adjacent to the first cutting edges in an opposite direction to a tool rotation direction is set to be different from a second phase angle between the second cutting edge and its adjacent first cutting edge located adjacent to the second cutting edges in the opposite direction to the tool rotation direction.

Abstract: A cutting insert has a cutting edge formed at the intersection of a side surface an end surface. Recesses formed in the side surface interrupt the cutting edge at recessed cutting edge portions. Each recessed cutting edge portion has, in an end view of the cutting insert, a curved central section located between two curved side sections. The central section has a first radius of curvature and each side section has a second radius of curvature, the first radius of curvature being larger than the second radius of curvature.

Abstract: A face mill and a replaceable milling insert are disclosed. The front side of the milling insert is tilted at a clearance angle (?) in relation to the reference plane (RP). The cutting edge of the milling insert extends between two end points, which move in circular paths of different radii. The cutting edge forms a negative radial angle (?) with an imaginary radial line (A) that extends from the center axis (C1) of the basic body and intersects the first end point of the cutting edge. The front side and chip surface of the milling insert mutually form a nominal angle (?) that amounts to at most 83° . The cutting edge is straight and in the entire length thereof situated in the reference plane (RP), the negative radial angle (?) thereof amounting to at least 70°.

Abstract: A multilayer cutting insert includes a first layer made of a first material and a second layer made of a second material. The first material is harder than the second material. The cutting insert has opposing first and second major side surfaces and a peripheral side surface which extends therebetween. The first major side surface is formed in the first layer and includes a non-uniform relief surface. The peripheral side surface is formed in the two layers and includes a non-uniform rake surface. The rake surface and the relief surface intersect at an edge, at least portion of which is a curved major cutting edge. The rake surface is formed in at least the first layer, and the relief surface is formed only in the first layer.

Abstract: A pair of sub-flank surfaces is formed at a vertex angle portion of an insert body having a substantially polygonal, plate-like shape, and between the sub flank surfaces, a vertex flank surface at a vertical angle portion is formed substantially in a protrusive, curved shape, and is smoothly connected to the sub-flank surfaces in a tangential direction. The vertex flank surface at the vertex angle portion is extended across the entire thickness of the insert body, and boundary lines, between the vertex flank surface at the vertex angle portion and a pair of minor cutting edges, are parallel to each other. A second curved ridge line, which is formed between (i) the flank surface and (ii) the rake surface, and a first curved ridge line, which is formed between (i) the flank surface and (ii) the seat surface, have approximately same shape.

Abstract: A cutting insert includes a cutting edge formed at an intersection of a rake face formed on a first surface and a relief face with a positive relief angle. The relief face includes a major relief face located adjacent to a major cutting edge, a first minor relief face located adjacent to the first minor cutting edge, and an intermediate relief face located adjacent to the intermediate cutting edge and extending between the major relief face and the first minor relief face. The intermediate relief face includes a protruding curved relief face extending from the first surface. An intersection of the curved relief face and the rake face has a predetermined radius of curvature and has substantially the same shape as that of an intersection of the curved relief face and a second surface.

Abstract: In cutting processes of a tree-shaped groove, in a rough cutting process, by using a rough cutting tool (20), as well as cutting a tapered groove (2), cutting is performed in a first narrow portion (11), a second narrow portion (12), and a third narrow portion (13) of a planned groove shape 10 such that a specified cutting allowance is left. In the following semi-finishing process, by using a semi-finishing tool, cutting is performed for portions other than the three narrow portions (11 to 13) that have already been cut. Because a work material 1 does not come in contact with three reduced diameter portions, of the semi-finishing tool formed in an upside-down Christmas tree shape, corresponding to the three narrow portions (11 to 13), a load is not imposed on the three reduced diameter portions, which are weak against shock among all portions of the semi-finishing tool, and the cutting feed can therefore be faster. Further, by performing a finishing process, the tree-shaped groove can be efficiently cut.

Abstract: End mill, primarily for coarse machining, has even number of main flutes spiraling around the periphery of the mill, the flutes having a relatively smaller and a relatively larger helix angle relative to the axis of the mill and wherein uneven-numbered main flutes are defined in that they include the smaller helix angle with the axis. Directly at the end face, distances between peripheral angles of successive main flutes in the direction of rotation are smaller between uneven-numbered main flutes and subsequent even-numbered main flutes than the distances between peripheral angles between even-numbered main flutes and subsequent uneven-numbered main flutes. The end mill is better able to prevent vibrations of the tool due to intermittent engagement with a work piece by having all distances between peripheral angles at the end face of the mill different from one another.

Abstract: A device and a method of making thereof includes a milling cutter body that is connectable to a rotatable spindle or holder. The milling cutter body is provided with at least one series of a plurality of tangentially spaced-apart cutting edges or a plurality of tangentially spaced-apart seats intended for milling inserts having at least one cutting edge. The cutting edges or seats of the series are arranged such that, within the series, a first angle between a radius that intersects a first cutting edge and a radius that intersects another cutting edge, which is situated closest to the first cutting edge in a direction of rotation around the rotation axis, is smaller than a second angle between the radius that intersects the first cutting edge and a radius that intersects another cutting edge, which is situated closest to the first cutting edge in a direction opposite the direction of rotation.

Abstract: A cutting insert provided with an upper surface, side surfaces, and cutting edges provided at portions at which the upper surface and the side surfaces intersect with each other. Each side surface has grooves reaching the upper surface so as to divide the cutting edge into small cutting edges. Projections are provided on the upper surface at positions to which the grooves extend.

Abstract: A cutting insert has a substantially polygonal shape, and a groove formed in a corner portion of one polygonal surface, and at an intersecting portion between a leading cutting edge and a peripheral cutting edge formed at intersecting portions of side surfaces adjacent to each other across the corner portion, a minor cutting edge is formed. Of the groove, in an area associated with the leading cutting edge and the minor cutting edge, a rake face including a downward inclined surface is formed. A first angle between a direction of maximum inclination of the downward inclined surface and the leading cutting edge is larger than a second angle between the direction of maximum inclination and the minor cutting edge.