Abstract: A herringbone gear includes a cylindrical body having a circumferential face having a width. A first helical gear tooth on the circumferential face has a first configuration, a second helical gear tooth on the circumferential face has a second configuration, and a transition on the circumferential face extends between the first helical gear tooth and the second helical gear tooth. An involute form taken within a transverse plane of the circumferential face remains constant over the width.

Abstract: A translocation-simulating loading apparatus for the gear grinding machine with the shaped grinding wheel is provided. The apparatus includes a load-receiving test piece disposed on the gear grinding machine with the shaped grinding wheel and a load-exerting component for use in loading simulation. The gear grinding machine enables linear movements along the X, Y, and Z axes, a rotary movement around the Y axis, a rotary movement C around the Z axis, and a rotary movement A around the X axis. An angle ? is formed between the axis L of a ball seat of the load-exerting component and the X axis direction of a Y axis component and an angle formed between the normal line of a load receiving face a and the X direction of the coordinate system of the machine tool is ?. A detection method for static stiffness distribution is provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a bevel gear wheel, in particular for rudder propellers, the teeth of which have a macro geometry specific to the gear wheels, the teeth of which can be described by flank and profile lines, the flanks of which have a tooth flank micro topography and the bearing surface of which represents the contact region of the inter-meshing teeth. The crown of a tooth flank corresponds to the elevation of the tooth flank center with respect to the tooth flank edge, wherein the course of the height and width crowns of the flank surface is substantially shaped like a circular arc.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for use in production of bevel gears. The device comprises a turning machine (22), with a working spindle (22.1) and a counter-holder (23), arranged co-axially to a rotational axis (B1) of the working spindle (22.1) for the coaxial tensioning of a workpiece blank (K1). A multi-functional tool holder (24) is provided, which may be displaced relative to the workpiece blank (K1) held in the turning machine (22) and comprises a tool base (25) mounted to rotate about an axis (B2). The tool base (25) is provided for fixing one or more tools. A tool housing (26) with milling head (27) is provided, the tool housing (26) being displaceable relative to the workpiece blank (K1) held in the turning machine (22) and the milling head (27) is mounted to rotate about a milling head axis (B3).

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for machining bevel gears in an indexing method and method for machining the pitch of gears, wherein the production-related pitch error is compensated. The apparatus (20) comprises an interface (11, 12) and can be connected to a measurement system (10) by means of this interface (11, 12). The interface is designed such that the apparatus (20) can take correction values or correction factors from the measurement system (10) in a form in order to be able to adapt master data or neutral data. The data, which was originally present in a memory (51) of the apparatus (20), is corrected on the basis of these correction values or correction factors before production of one or more bevel gears (31) is initiated on the apparatus (20).

Abstract: A cutting blade for face milling wherein the cutting blade is constructed to cut a predetermined final dimension of a tooth slot along a portion of the cutting end (i.e. the primary cutting edge portion) of the blade and to cut the remainder of the tooth slot at an amount less that the predetermined final dimension of the tooth slot along the remaining portion (i.e. the secondary cutting edge portion) of the cutting end. The construction of the inventive cutting blade provides sharing of the cutting load amongst the blade cutting edges and also provides sufficient clearance in the tooth slot whereby the cutting blade can be repositioned to allow truing of the cutter, particularly with respect to the primary portion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for green machining bevel gears, including a CNC machining station for gear cutting a wheel blank (K2). The machining station includes a tool spindle which is used to receive a gear cutting tool and a work piece spindle which is used to receive the gear blank (K2). The machining station also relates to a machining station which operates in a vertical manner. The device also comprises a vertical processing station having a tool holder and a work piece spindle which is used to receive a work piece blank (K1). The machining station mechanically forms a functional unit together with the pre-machining station, wherein the work piece blank (K1) undergoes green machining in the pre-machining station, and is transferred as a gear blank (K2) to the first machining station after the first green machining where it is cut into a gear. The machining station and the pre-machining station are linked together in terms of data and control.

Abstract: The invention concerns a machine-tool, in particular a milling machine Including a machine frame; a tool carrier mounted on the machine frame for receiving a tool; a drive device for rotationally driving the tool in the tool carrier about a tool axis; a receiving device (6) mounted on the machine frame (1), for receiving a workpiece (7); a first rotary drive device for generating a first relative angular movement between the tool carrier and the receiving device and a second rotary drive device for generating a second relative angular movement between the tool carrier and the receiving device; a translational drive device for generating a relative translation movement between the tool carrier and the receiving device along three axes; a control device, which is designed in such a way that it enables to control the relative rectilinear movements between the tool carrier and the receiving device and the relative angular movement between the tool carrier and the receiving device substantially at the same time

Abstract: The invention relates to a device (20) comprising a workpiece spindle (21) for receiving a gear wheel (25), a tool spindle (29) for receiving a tool and several drives (X, Y, Z, B, C, A1) for machining the gear wheel in individual divisions. According to the invention, one tooth gap of the gear wheel is machined and then the tool is displaced in relation to the gear wheel in order to remove the tool from the tooth gap. The gear wheel is then rotated by a division and the tool is placed against the wheel again to machine another tooth gap. One of the drives (C) can be controlled in such a way that the relative displacement involves a tilting displacement, which modifies the relative angle between the tool and the gear wheel, the tilting displacement being co-ordinated with the displacement of a division.

Abstract: In a method and a bar blade for milling spiral bevel gears and hypoid gears, a shaft of the bar blade has a blade profile that is formed by the cross-section of at least one cutting area, at least two free areas, and at least one top area. The blade profile is provided with a first cutting edge for a first flank, a second cutting edge for a second flank that faces the first flank, and a top cutting edge for the bottom of a tooth space. The first and the second cutting edge are embodied as principal cutting edges for completely cutting the first or second flank. The top cutting edge is configured for completely cutting the bottom of the tooth space such that the tooth space comprising the complete final geometry is created in one milling process by means of one and the same bar blade.

Abstract: A method for designing and manufacturing a gear by means of a computer-controlled machining device comprises the following steps of using a machining device adapted to perform an operation from the group including: milling and spark eroding; using a tool, in particular a milling device or a spark erosion head; using a machining device of the type with at least five simultaneous, independent degrees of freedom; and applying an elongate tool, the form of which corresponds at least to some extent with the intended form of surfaces for modeling by machining.

Abstract: Bar cutter head (20) for receiving multiple bar cutters of a first bar cutter set, the bar cutter head (20) having n receptacle openings (25.1-25.6) for receiving n bar cutters of the first bar cutter set, which are all situated along a first concentric cutter head nominal circle having a first cutter head nominal radius (r1). A first spiral-toothed bevel gear (11) can be milled in the single-indexing method in this configuration. The bar cutter head (20) additionally has m receptacle openings (26.1-26.6) for receiving m bar cutters of a second bar cutter set, which are all situated along a second concentric cutter head nominal circle having a second cutter head nominal radius (r2). A second spiral-toothed bevel gear can be milled in the configuration having the m bar cutters. It is thus a universally-usable cutter head (20).

Abstract: A device (10) for soft machining of bevel gears, having a receptacle (12) for receiving a bevel gear blank (K1) and having a tool spindle (13.1) for receiving a cutter head (13.2). The device comprises a machining arm (11) having a pivot axis (A1) which has the tool spindle (13.1) for receiving the cutter head (13.2) on a first side and has a tool spindle (14.1) for receiving an end-milling cutter (14.2) on a second side. A CNC controller (S) puts the end-milling cutter (14.2) into rapid rotation to cut a predefined number of tooth gaps on the bevel gear blank (K1). After the machining arm (11) is pivoted, the cutter head used as the bevel gear finishing tool (13.2) is used. It is put into slower rotation to machining the bevel gear blank (K1) using the bevel gear finishing tool (13.2) in a post-machining process.

Abstract: A machine for processing gears, such as by testing and lapping, which can accommodate a wide range of gear pair shaft angles (less than, equal to, and greater than ninety degrees) while providing improved machine stiffness and an enhanced arrangement of machine elements.

Abstract: A device (10) for soft machining of bevel gears, having a receptacle (12) for receiving a bevel gear blank (K1) and having a tool spindle (13.1) for receiving a cutter head (13.2). The device comprises a machining arm (11) having a pivot axis (A1) which has the tool spindle (13.1) for receiving the cutter head (13.2) on a first side and has a tool spindle (14.1) for receiving an end-milling cutter (14.2) on a second side. A CNC controller (S) puts the end-milling cutter (14.2) into rapid rotation to cut a predefined number of tooth gaps on the bevel gear blank (K1). After the machining arm (11) is pivoted, the cutter head used as the bevel gear finishing tool (13.2) is used. It is put into slower rotation to machining the bevel gear blank (K1) using the bevel gear finishing tool (13.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for machining bevel gears in an indexing method and method for machining the pitch of gears, wherein the production-related pitch error is compensated. The apparatus (20) comprises an interface (11, 12) and can be connected to a measurement system (10) by means of this interface (11, 12). The interface is designed such that the apparatus (20) can take correction values or correction factors from the measurement system (10) in a form in order to be able to adapt master data or neutral data. The data, which was originally present in a memory (51) of the apparatus (20), is corrected on the basis of these correction values or correction factors before production of one or more bevel gears (31) is initiated on the apparatus (20).

Abstract: A bevel gear cutting machine, which is designed for, among other things, chamfering and/or deburring edges on the teeth of a bevel gear. The gear cutting machine has a workpiece spindle which receives the bevel gear coaxially. A carriage is provided, which receives a plate-shaped cutter head having multiple bar blades. The gear cutting machine has multiple numerically controllable axes, which are activatable via a programmable controller, one of the axes forming a workpiece spindle axis of the workpiece spindle. Another axis is used as the tool spindle axis of the plate-shaped cutter head.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for positioning a workpiece in a spindle of a machine tool and/or removing a workpiece from the spindle. The machine spindle includes an axis of rotation and the workpiece includes a centerline extending between a first end surface and a second end surface. A mechanism is provided for grasping the workpiece, preferably on its centers, in a position proximate the spindle whereby the workpiece centerline is coincident with the axis of rotation of the spindle. The spindle is moved relative to the workpiece in the direction of the axis of rotation whereby the workpiece is inserted into the spindle or removed from the spindle.

Abstract: In the single-indexing method, the blades are positioned in a circle on a cutter head, so that all of the blades run through a tooth space to be produced during cutting of a bevel gear. The workpiece is then rotated by one pitch and the continuously rotating cutter head may then cut the next tooth space. Since the blades do not all have their intended shapes and positions, different structures arise on the tooth flanks, which lead to deviations in the pitch measurement. In order to avoid this, a face-milling method is suggested in which the cutter head gets the same angular position around its axis in relation to the tooth space to be produced as for the preceding space. This has the result that all tooth spaces are not more precise overall, but their surface structures are identical and the pitch measurement is thus not falsified.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a bevel gear member, comprises the steps of providing a bevel gear blank having a gearhead, forming gear teeth on the gearhead of the bevel gear blank by simultaneously cutting gear tooth top land, gear tooth side profile and a bottom land to form an unfinished bevel gear member using a face hobbing process, and machining at least one selected surface of the unfinished bevel gear member using the top lands of said gear teeth as a datum for centering the unfinished bevel gear member, thus forming a finished product. The method is applicable for manufacturing the bevel gear member both with shaft axially extending from the gearhead and without the shaft. The bevel gear members manufactured with this method exhibit reduced runout and require simpler, less expensive tooling.

Abstract: On a CNC machine for machining spiral bevel gears the axis (T) of a tool spindle forms a fixed, non-adjustable tilt angle (?) against an orientation axis (O) for all bevel gears to be machined. The tool spindle is adapted to be continuously swiveled about the orientation axis (O) by a swivel drum. A work gear spindle is adjustable in its angular position about a pivot axis (P) for a bevel gear to be machined on the machine, but it does not change its angular position during the machining operation. The tilt angle (?) and the angular position are selected such that a predetermined rolling motion between the work gear and the tool can be achieved. Swiveling of the tool spindle axis (T) about the orientation axis (O) leads to a higher machine stiffness than does a machine root angle pivoting of the work gear spindle axis (W) about the pivot axis (P) applied in the prior art, and therefore, it results in more precise tooth flanks on the machined spiral bevel gears.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gear shaping machine for the production, or more precisely machining, of gear wheels with a motor-driven rotatable machine table for holding the work-piece, a thrust spindle with a tool fixed thereto, preferably a cutting wheel, the thrust spindle being displaceable in a selective stroking and superimposed rotary motion, whereby the stroke position can be detected by a first measuring device arranged in the stroke drive, and to a method for the operation of the aforementioned gear shaping machine. The superimposed rotary motion of the thrust spindle is produced via a direct rotary drive and there is arranged in the area of the thrust spindle a second measuring device for the detection of errors in its movement path.

Abstract: The invention relates to a machining center provided with a workpiece machining tool. Said machine tool comprises: an essentially horizontal working plate (10) which is supported by a machine tool stand (2); a workpiece support (20) which is accommodates a workpiece (2) and which is placed on the working plate (10); a machining head (30) which accommodates a machining tool (29) and which is mounted on a vertical machining column (32) that can pivot around a vertical axis (37) by means of a rotary plate (36), said rotary plate being arranged underneath the working plate (10) and integrated in the machine stand (2), and; a first carrying arm (34) for the machining column (32). One end of said carrying arm is connected in a fixed manner to the rotary plate (36), and the other end is laterally guided out over the working plate (10) in such a manner that the machining column (32) mounted there can be pivoted around the working plate (10).

Abstract: A machine for manufacturing bevel and hypoid gears comprising a machine column including a first side and a second side. A first spindle is movably secured to the first side with the first spindle being rotatable about a first axis. A second spindle is movably secured to the second side with the second spindle being rotatable about a second axis. The first and second spindles are movable linearly with respect to one another in up to three linear directions with at least one of the first and second spindles being angularly movable with respect to its respective side. The angular movement of at least one of the first and second spindles being about a respective pivot axis extending generally parallel with its respective side.

Abstract: A machine for manufacturing bevel and hypoid gears including a column, a first spindle, and a second spindle is provided. The column has a first side and a second side. The first spindle is movably secured to the first side and rotatable about a first axis. The second spindle is movably secured to the second side and rotatable about a second axis. The first and second spindles are movable linearly with respect to one another in three directions. At least one of the first and second spindles is angularly movable relative to its respective side about a vertical pivot axis.

Abstract: A machine for manufacturing bevel and hypoid gears comprising a machine column including a first side and a second side. A first spindle is movably secured to the first side with the first spindle being rotatable about a first axis. A second spindle is movably secured to the second side with the second spindle being rotatable about a second axis. The first and second spindles are movable linearly with respect to one another in up to three linear directions with at least one of the first and second spindles being angularly movable with respect to its respective side. The angular movement of at least one of the first and second spindles being about a respective pivot axis extending generally parallel with its respective side.

Abstract: A bevel gear is generated using an annular milling cutter having a blade material made of a high-speed tool steel mounted to a main body, the blade material being coated with at least one layer of a film of a composition substantially comprising (Ti(1−x)Alx)(NyC(1−y)) (where, 0.2≦x≦0.85, 0.2≦y≦1.0), and dry cutting is performed at a cutting speed in the range from 20 to 400m/min without using a cutting oil. With this method, teeth can be generated at a greatly improved cutting speed without using any expensive tool such as cemented carbide, thereby realizing efficient production of a bevel gear at a reduced cost.

Abstract: A face gear manufacturing operation wherein a set of oversized teeth are formed on a face gear or tapered pinion gear by a gear cutting operation. The oversized teeth are of a predetermined profile. The gear bearing the oversize teeth is then subjected to metallurgical surface hardening operation. At the conclusion of the heat treatment surface hardening operation, the face gear or pinion gear is subjected to a continuous grinding operation wherein a grinding wheel having a worm profile of a predetermined shape is rotated to grind the previously cut teeth to produce a finished tooth profile. The operation is CNC controlled. The gear producing apparatus requires only a slight modification to produce a face gear or a tapered pinion gear by the simple interchange of work heads.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a method of using a two spindle Hurth-Module multi-spindle (or similar) cutting machine to accomplish face hobbing of hypoid and spiral bevel gear sets. A first cutter mounted on a first spindle would rough cut the gears and a second cutter mounted on a second spindle would finish the gears with both cutters using a face hobbing process. According to this process, multiple cutters are used for a single gear, but on a single machine, thereby reducing cutter wear, increasing cutter life, and raising production output of the multi-spindle machine by utilizing both spindles. In one embodiment, a fine pitch cutter is used to create the initial rough-cut of the gear, and a second coarse pitch cutter is used to create the finish cut of the gear.

Abstract: An apparatus for directing chips emanating from a workpiece being machined by a tool toward an outlet spaced from the workpiece. The apparatus comprises an enclosure surrounding the workpiece and tool for confining chips emanating from the workpiece to the enclosure for removal via an outlet. The enclosure includes spaced-apart first and second wall portions, a top portion, a bottom portion, a first end portion comprising separate tool and workpiece openings, a second end portion and the outlet located proximate the intersection of the bottom portion and the second end portion whereby a majority of chips emanating from the workpiece are projected toward and collide with the second end portion after which the majority of chips fall to the bottom portion and/or the outlet. Alternatively and preferably, the enclosure comprises a curved inner surface and the chips are directed toward and then travel along the inner surface into an outlet.

Abstract: A method of machining one or more tooth slots in a bevel gear-shaped workpiece with a cup-shaped tool having one or more stock removing surfaces. The method comprises indexing the workpiece by rotation about a workpiece axis to bring one of the tooth slots to a final machining position. Simultaneously with at least a portion of the indexing, positioning the tool to contact the workpiece to commence machining the slot and infeeding the tool during the indexing while moving the tool with the indexing workpiece to maintain the tool positioned in the slot. The infeeding, movement of the tool, and indexing continuing at least until the final machining position is achieved.

Abstract: A computer controlled machine for forming longitudinally curved tooth bevel and hypoid gears having a minimum number of movable machine axes for setup and operation. The movable axes include three rectilinear axes (X, Y, and Z) and three rotational axes (T, W and P). The rectilinear axes are arranged in mutually orthogonal directions. Two of the rotational axes (T and W) provide for rotating tool (26, 27) and work gear (42, 43), respectively. The third rotational axis (P) provides for adjusting the relative angular orientations of tool axis (T) and work axis (W). Pivot axis (P) is positioned with respect to both tool axis (T) and work axis (W) at fixed inclination angles. A method of opeating the computer controlled machine provides for controlling the movable axis (X, Y, Z, T, W, and P) in response to setup and operating parameters of conventional bevel and hypoid gear generating machines.

Abstract: In addition to a generating drum, by means of which gear wheels to be maufactured according to the generating method are produced, the gear-cutting machine also comprises setting drums, particularly an eccentric drum, an orientation drum and an inclination drum. Prior to commencing the gear-cutting operation to produce a gear wheel by means of a cutter head, these three setting drums are rotated into the respective required position by means of the adjusting apparatus constructed according to the invention. This adjusting apparatus comprises a computer for controlling the setting of the drums and a locking device controllable by the computer for locking or securing one setting drum at the cutter head. Furthermore, there is provided an automatic position-reading device for transmitting the setting of the drums to the computer, as well as a device controllable by the computer for actuating clamping devices of the respective setting drums.

Abstract: A rotary grinding tool having two concentric grinding elements projecting in a common direction from one face of the tool is assembled from basic components which can be easily disassembled to permit accurate profile correction and surface renewal of its active grinding surfaces. In addition, the disassembled components can be used as separate grinding tools.

Abstract: A bevel gear cutting device which comprises a machine base, an upright support shaft extending upwardly from the base, a table support member rotatably supported at one end on the shaft, a gear blank rotating and rocking mechanism support member rotatably supported at one end on the shaft above the table support member, a gear blank rotating mechanism slidably supported on the second-mentioned support member, a gear blank rocking mechanism slidably supported on the second-mentioned support member adjacent to the gear blank rotating mechanism, a main shaft extending through the gear blank rotating and rocking mechanisms and drive means for the main shaft.