Abstract: A gear machining apparatus creates a gear on a workpiece W by moving a gear cutting tool relatively with respect to the workpiece along the direction of the rotation axis of the workpiece W while synchronously rotating the gear cutting tool and the workpiece. One of a workpiece rotation speed controlling portion and a tool rotation speed controlling portion varies the rotation speed of one of the workpiece and the gear cutting tool and the other one of the workpiece rotation speed controlling portion and the tool rotation speed controlling portion synchronizes the rotation speed of the other one of the workpiece and the gear cutting tool with one of the rotation speed of the workpiece and the gear cutting tool.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for the manufacture of a workpiece having a corrected gear geometry and/or a modified surface structure, in particular by a hard finishing process, in particular generation grinding or honing. Provision is made in this respect that it is achieved by a direct generation of a wobble movement and/or of an eccentricity of the tool that a modification, in particular a profile modification or profile waviness, and/or a defined periodic flank waviness is generated on the active surface of the workpiece machined therewith.

Abstract: A cutting tool mechanism 11 for providing a cutting, abrading or grinding action is disclosed. The mechanism 11 has an inner circular part 17 having teeth 19 extending radially outwardly, a surrounding circular part 25 having inner teeth 27 extending radially inwardly. The circular parts 17 and 25 co-operate by engagement their teeth 19 and 27. Rotation of one circular part causes the other to move constrained by the engagement of the teeth in an orbital, oscillatory or impact motion. An input coupling 81 is provided for transmission of rotary motion, and an output coupling 37 is provided to transmit said orbital, oscillatory or impact motion to a blade 13. In further embodiments, the surrounding circular part 25 can be provided with outwardly extending teeth and surrounded by a further outer circular part with inwardly extending teeth, to cooperate with the outwardly extending teeth, to provide more complex orbital, oscillatory or impact motion.

Abstract: A hobbing or gear cutting machine uses a rotary tool to rotate a cutting tool around a central axis of the cutting tool. The cutting tool has zero lead cutters, that is, the cutting tool is non-helical. A head holds the rotary tool and moves the cutting tool longitudinally along the central axis of the cutting tool. A workpiece holder holds a workpiece to be machined into a gear proximate the cutting tool. The workpiece holder selectively rotates the workpiece in conjunction with the longitudinal movement of the cutting tool via the head to cut both straight and helical gears from the workpiece.

Abstract: A coolant delivery system which serves to deliver a cooling agent whose purpose is to carry away the heat that is generated in the process of machining a toothed profile by means of a skiving wheel rotating about its rotary axis. The coolant delivery system provides for a delivery path section which, seen in a projection onto a plane extending orthogonal to the rotary axis, is arranged closer to the axis than the toothed profile of the skiving wheel and has a dimensional component in the axial direction.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing bevel gears with a tool, such as a tapered milling tool (16), wherein the tool is located at a position offset (Rw) from the center position of a conventional face milling cutter and the tool follows a path, such as a circular arc path, during machining.

Abstract: Gear processing machine (4), such as a gear cutting or grinding machine, wherein a chamfering and/or deburring apparatus (2) and auxiliary spindle (10) are included on the same machine. A transfer mechanism (8) loads, unloads and transfers workpieces between a machining spindle (6) and the auxiliary spindle (10) thereby enabling simultaneous cutting and chamfering and/or deburring processes to be carried out. Via the auxiliary spindle, completed workpieces may be removed from the machine and blank workpieces may be loaded into the machine while another gear is being processed on the machine spindle thereby enhancing machine output and creating a more efficient operation.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an apparatus as well as to a method for the manufacture or processing of large tooth systems for internal or external teeth or large cogs in small production runs, wherein at least two machining methods are used with the aim of a complete machining of precision-relevant surfaces at these workpieces and while realizing production times which are as short as possible.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a processing head for processing machines, preferably tooth milling and tooth grinding machines, comprising a direct drive which is arranged in a processing head bed of a processing machine, wherein the direct drive comprises at least two motors actuatable in synchronism with each other.

Abstract: The invention relates to the production of plunge-cut crown wheels having straight or linear hypocycloid as the flank longitudinal line of the teeth. The production is performed by means of a forming method in which the axial movements are coupled. Corresponding pinions can be produced using a modified hobbing method. A corresponding tapered generating wheel is used. The milling tool carries multiple cutters. The teeth of the conical virtual generating wheel are reproduced in the engagement area by the blades or blade flanks of the cutters of the milling tool.

Abstract: By combining shaping and milling actions, or smilling, the cutting tool can move through the entire usable portion of the spline and machine a tool relief into the face of the adjacent feature such as a shoulder before retracting, reversing direction, and repeating the cycle. The smilling apparatus and manufacturing method eliminates the need for an annular spline relief and the full length of spline engagement can be utilized for strength. The effective width of the spline connection apparatus manufactured by the smilling process conserves space and increases the load carrying capability of the spline connection.

Abstract: A method for producing a drive shaft of a food processor, the drive shaft having an end-side, splined-shaft-like toothing that is movable into positively locking engagement with a complementarily formed clutch. The method includes producing the toothing by machining the drive shaft with a cylindrical milling cutter, wherein the cylindrical milling cutter engages with the drive shaft from a radial direction with respect to a longitudinal axis of the drive shaft; and positioning an axis of rotation of the cylindrical milling cutter cross-wise relative to the longitudinal axis of the drive shaft, wherein the axis of rotation of the cylindrical milling cutter is at an incline relative to the longitudinal axis of the drive shaft so that the axis of rotation and the longitudinal axis draw an angle of less than 90°.

Abstract: A machine tool comprising a machine base having a first side comprising a first planar surface and a machine column movable along an arcuate path on the first planar surface. The machine further comprises a first spindle movable in a first linear direction and being rotatable about a first axis of rotation. The machine further comprises a machine turret located on a second planar surface of the machine base first side. The machine turret is angularly movable about a pivot axis. The machine turret includes a second spindle positioned within the turret with the second spindle being rotatable about a second axis of rotation and being movable in a second linear direction.

Abstract: Provided is a gear machining method whereby a gear to be machined that is eccentrically mounted can be machined with high accuracy.

Abstract: A continuous method of manufacturing a face gear utilizing a tool, representing a plane which can be oriented to a face gear workpiece under an angle equal to the pressure angle of the mating pinion member of the gear set (e.g. the face gear set), and, which can be rotated around a virtual pinion axis to generate a tooth flank on the workpiece. The tool is a face cutter which performs a continuous indexing motion with equal hand of rotation of cutter and workpiece (e.g. face gear) thereby describing a hypocycloid path of motion and an indexing ratio of two cutter rotations during one workpiece gear rotation which will produce straight lines along the face width of the face gear.

Abstract: Method and an apparatus for setting up and plunging a skiving tool with respect to a work piece, on which a rotational-symmetric, periodic structure is to be manufactured with application of the skiving tool, wherein a radial feed motion in the direction of the work piece is performed, so to bring the skiving tool in contact with the work piece for the first time, and the skiving tool is plunged from the moment of the first contact down to a predetermined depth in a radial plunging movement, before the proper skiving of the rotation-symmetric, periodic structure is carried out.

Abstract: The vertical movement cycle and trajectory inclination angle of a cutter are switched so that when a main spindle is moving downward, a head is moved to position the cutter at a machining location, and the cutter is lowered rectilinearly; that when the main spindle is moving upward, the head is moved to position the cutter at a withdrawal location; that, when an external gear is to be generated by cutting, relieving means for rectilinearly raising the cutter cause the machining location to be positioned on one radial side of the cutter and move the cutter downward parallel to the axis of a workpiece; and that when an internal gear is to be generated by cutting, said relieving means cause the machining location to be positioned on the other radial side of the cutter and move the cutter downward parallel to the axis of the workpiece.

Abstract: By combining shaping and milling actions, or smilling, the cutting tool can move through the entire usable portion of the spline and machine a tool relief into the face of the adjacent feature such as a shoulder before retracting, reversing direction, and repeating the cycle. The smilling apparatus and manufacturing method eliminates the need for an annular spline relief and the full length of spline engagement can be utilized for strength. The effective width of the spline connection apparatus manufactured by the smilling process conserves space and increases the load carrying capability of the spline connection.

Abstract: Race grooves and lobe outer surfaces of a constant-velocity race gear centered on a gear axis are finished by engaging a first groove of the race gear with a rotating groove-machining tool and relatively moving the race gear and rotating groove-machining tool arcuately to finish the first groove while holding the race gear against rotation about its gear axis. Then the first groove of the race gear is disengaged from the rotating groove-machining tool while holding the race gear against rotation about its gear axis. Then the race gear is rotated about its gear axis to align a second groove with the rotating groove-machining tool while engaging a first lobe outer surface with a rotating surface-machining tool to finish same. These steps are repeated in the same order to finish the second groove and a second lobe outer surface and so on until all the grooves and lobe outer surfaces of the race gear are finished.

Abstract: A cutter disk having cutting blades oriented on its circumference with the cutting edges of the blades oriented perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the cutter disk thereby representing a plane which can be oriented to a work piece (e.g. face gear) under an angle equal to the pressure angle of the mating face gear set's pinion, and, which can be rotated around a virtual pinion axis to generate a tooth flank on the work piece.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a machine tool for incorporating gear teeth into the inner side of an annular workpiece by metal cutting, with a) an annular machining table for supporting or placing on at least one workpiece, and b) a chassis for holding, supporting, mounting and/or guiding a tool head, which chassis extends, at least during the machining, through the annular machining table or through a central opening in the annular machining table from a bed or pedestal below the machining table.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the production of a rotor of a rotary screw compressor (1) with a cylindrical basic shape, which has a helical profile (2) at its outer circumference, wherein the method comprises the steps of: a) Pre-processing of the workpiece (1) by bringing in the profile (2), wherein the profile (2) has a stock compared with the finished shape, b) Pre-grinding of the profile (2) by a rough-machining process in a grinding machine, wherein a part of the stock is removed and c) Finish-grinding of the profile (2) by a finish-machining process in the grinding machine, wherein the remainder of the stock is removed and the finished shape of the profile (2) is produced. To improve the efficiency of the production especially of rotors of rotary screw compressors and ensure a high quality of the production the invention is characterized in that the pre-grinding and/or the finish-grinding is carried out with a grinding worm (3) by a continuous generative grinding process.

Abstract: A gear shaper machine system drives and maneuvers a hone tool to generate teeth geometry in a manner the teeth were machined prior to a hardening process. After heat treatment, the hone tool is indexed to the teeth geometry spacing of the workpiece so as to divide the stock removal evenly between the drive and coast sides. The hone tool may be driven with rotational and reciprocating synchronous teeth generating motion in which the hone tool reciprocates along the length of the teeth parallel to the centerline of the workpiece while the workpiece and hone tool rotate with synchronous motion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for use in production of bevel gears. The device comprises a turning machine (22), with a working spindle (22.1) and a counter-holder (23), arranged co-axially to a rotational axis (B1) of the working spindle (22.1) for the coaxial tensioning of a workpiece blank (K1). A multi-functional tool holder (24) is provided, which may be displaced relative to the workpiece blank (K1) held in the turning machine (22) and comprises a tool base (25) mounted to rotate about an axis (B2). The tool base (25) is provided for fixing one or more tools. A tool housing (26) with milling head (27) is provided, the tool housing (26) being displaceable relative to the workpiece blank (K1) held in the turning machine (22) and the milling head (27) is mounted to rotate about a milling head axis (B3).

Abstract: A method of currently milling multiple splines on a round rod material. Inserts mountable on a milling machine are provided. The inserts each include two sets of milling teeth. The sets or sections of teeth are formed in the arc of a circle to enable milling multiple splines concurrently. The first set of teeth rough mills the grooves for the splines and the second set of teeth provides the finished milling.

Abstract: A machine tool includes a tool spindle head for supporting a first side of a hob via an arbor, a turret, and a tool supporting unit including a movable section and a fixed section. The fixed section is fixedly mounted to the turret and slidably supporting the movable section. The movable section includes a support member for rotatably supporting a second side of the hob. The movable section further includes a first holding member holding the support member rotatably, second holding members holding the first holding member rotatably about an axis which extends perpendicularly to the rotation axis of the support member, and a slide member provided along the second holding members and fitted to a slide guide formed at the fixed section. When the tool supporting unit is positioned at a predetermined tool holding position, the movable section is capable of advancing and retreating in the Y-axis direction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for the automatic assignment of the position of a rotating tool with respect to pre-machined toothing of a work-piece to be machined. According to the invention, the tool can be introduced in an arbitrary position between the tooth flanks. In a touch mode, the distance from the feed-in position to the tooth flanks can be determined by relative rotation of the work-piece to the tool and the desired target position of the tool can be calculated from this value.

Abstract: Method for machining right toothed bevel gears, wherein: at least a part of the tooth flanks is milled with a disc milling cutter, the left tooth flanks are milled at a different time than the right tooth flanks, the machined bevel gear is rotated by an angle between the milling process of at least one left tooth flank and the milling process of at least one right tooth flank, the inclination of the axis of the disc milling cutter remains unchanged during the milling process of said gear, said angle being not a multiple of the base pitch &agr;.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for milling internal gears and splines using a pair of opposed milling cutters disposed internally in a gear or spline blank. The apparatus generally milling gear teeth on generally opposite sides of the blank with an indexing mechanism for manipulating the orientation of the milling apparatus with respect to the blank. Also disclosed are internal gears having milled teeth which are manufactured using the apparatus and the method.

Abstract: The profiling tool (10) has a segment (12) of a worm thread. Its active zone (13) is coated with grains of hard material (16) and is crowned in cylinder sections coaxial to the tool axis (26). During profiling, the grinding spindle (2) and the tool (10) rotate synchronously. By appropriate correction of the coupling ratio by means of a CNC control when moving the tool (10) in axial direction of the grinding worm (2), the grinding worm flank (1) can be dressed with any desired topology. The method makes it possible to profile topologically modified grinding worms (2) at the grinding worm (2) rotational speed used for grinding, which was previously not possible.

Abstract: Machine comprising a main frame (1), machine bed (2), headstock (3) and tailstock (4) with means (17, 18) for mounting of the work for rotation about a work axis (C2), the means being disposed on the machine bed, with the headstock being movable in a direction (Z-axis) parallel to the work axis (C2). The machine also includes a slide system supported by the main frame (1) comprising two controlled-drive slides (7, 10), of which one (10) is displaceable in a direction (Y-axis) perpendicular to the work axis (C2), and the other (7) in a direction (X-axis) perpendicular to the Y and Z axes. Further included is a cradle (12) supported by the slide system (7, 10) and holding a tool head (13) for angular setting about an axis (A) perpendicular to the work axis (C2), the tool head being disposed between the headstock and tailstock.

Abstract: A method for machining of tooth flanks by grinding or milling respectively as to internally or externally toothed workpieces with a profile disk tool in a discontinuous indexing process. For generating flanks with complicated flank modifications it is proposed to perform during machining besides the known movements an additional movement that is composed of at least two portions, extending in different axes of the machine, whereby the individual portions are so matched that a prescribed distortion of the flanks results. There are embodiments for single flank processes and for double flank processes. It is also possible to generate topological flank modifications and flanks, of which certain parts are set back relative to the unmodified area of the flank. Basis for determining the tool- and workpiece setting data and the movements that the tool has to perform relative to the workpiece, is a simulation of the machining process on a computer.

Abstract: In the production of a crown wheel which can mesh with a cylindrical pinion if the axes of rotation of the crown wheel and the pinion are not parallel, the workpiece from which the crown wheel is produced and a generating tool rotate at a ratio in the speed of rotation which corresponds to the proportion of the number of passes of the tool and the number of teeth of the crown wheel to be produced, and the tool is brought into engagement with the workpiece and is moved in such a way along the workpiece in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the cylindrical pinion that the tool works the tooth flanks of the crown wheel to be produced. When the center point of the tool is moved in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the cylindrical pinion which can mesh with the workpiece, and the teeth of which form an angle .beta.

Abstract: A base member such as an elevation pipe of a photographic tripod is severed and rack teeth are formed thereon in a single operation while the base member remains clamped in a V-block. The first rack tooth on each side of the location where the base member is severed includes half of a trough portion between adjacent rack teeth. Additional trough portions forming the remainder of the teeth are formed, either in the same severing and shaping operation, or in a later shaping operation. The formation of the inner half trough portions ensures that, when the two severed ends of the base member are brought together, a smooth transition will exist between the two rack portions. In addition, since the two severed ends always include half troughs immediately adjacent thereto, weaknesses and chipping resulting from the presence of partial rack teeth in these locations is avoided.

Abstract: In forming a helical gear by grinding with a grindstone, the modification accuracy of crowing etc. is improved in such a way that the inequality .beta.>.gamma. c is established wherein .beta. is the helix angle of the helical gear to be ground and .gamma. c is the inclination angle of the grindstone, and the profile of the grindstone is designed to have a vertical angle which is equal to the inclination angle (.gamma. c)of the grindstone.

Abstract: The improved hourglass worm gear which has been produced by grinding a blank for the worm gear by rotating a grinding wheel about a grinding wheel shaft A while turning the grinding wheel shaft A about a tool shaft A3 which extends in parallel with a wheel shaft A2 perpendicular to a worm shaft A1 is characterized in that a cross-sectional shape of the grinding wheel taken in a plane inclusive of the grinding wheel shaft A exhibits a circular arc.Since the cross-sectional shape of the grinding wheel for successively grinding a series of gear tooth surfaces on the hourglass worm gear is contoured in the form of a circular arc, the hourglass worm gear assures that a radius r of the circular arc has an increased degree of freedom and an ideal contact pattern can be obtained by properly adjusting the radius r.

Abstract: An apparatus for machining a bevel gear has an apparatus frame, a spindle head provided on the apparatus frame for rotatably supporting a spindle on which a machining tool is mounted, and an indexing unit provided for holding a workpiece such that the workpiece is indexed by one pitch of teeth to be formed thereon to perform machining of tooth spaces with the machining tool. The spindle is horizontally and rotatably held on a spindle head such that the spindle is immovable in the axial direction of the spindle. The spindle head is movable back and forth in the axial direction and is movable in a lateral direction at right angles to the axial line. A column is provided on the apparatus frame in front of the spindle head such that the column is turnable about a vertical axial line at an arbitrary angle. The indexing unit is provided in a plurality of pieces on an external periphery of the column at a distance between each of the indexing units.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a speed reduction apparatus for globoid worm gears. The speed reduction ratio of the engaged worm globoid worm gear and worm wheel is defined as the ratio of the rate of rotation of the globoid worm gear about its axis to the rate of rotation of the worm wheel about its axis. The structure of the present invention speed reduction apparatus is defined by the distance between the axes of rotation of the worm wheel and globoid worm gear and the spacial and speed relationships between the globoid worm gear and the surfaces of the cutting tool employed to generate the worm gear.

Abstract: A helical toothed shaving cutter used for finishing or shaving of gears as well as a shaving cutter suitable for plunge cut shaving. The shaving cutter includes a multiplicity of ribs forming the cutter tooth flanks, arranged in a manner substantially symmetrically with respect to each axial centerline of each of the cutter teeth, and each of the ribs has both a positive rake angle at its leading cutting edge and a negative rake angle at its trailing cutting edge as viewed in the direction of lateral sliding direction of along the tooth trace cutter.

Abstract: In the present invention, a two-stage integral epitrochoidal cyclic rotor is produced by a machining method which produces the desired tolerences in both stages of the rotor without removing the work-piece from the support that holds it throughout the manufacturing process. In the manufacturing process, the blank starting work-piece, which is preferably a circular disc, is secured to a support element, for example by a magnetic chuck. The overall outer surface of the work-piece is then rotated and orbited while it is accurately machined to produce the epitrochoidal contour of the first stage of the rotor. Then, without releasing the work-piece from the holding surface, a second accurate machining operation, again with rotation and orbiting, is carried out on the upper half of the work-piece to form the epitrochoidal contour of the second stage of the rotor.

Abstract: For machining the tooth flanks of a hardened workpiece having pre-formed teeth two cutting blades or plates are secured to a cutting blade or plate holder. The cutting blades or plates are provided with a base member or backing formed of a hard metal and a cover layer sintered thereon which is formed of cubic boron nitride. Each cutting blade forms a cutting surface and a clearance surface. Each individual cutting blade or plate is arranged at the cutting blade or plate holder in relation to the direction of the intended cutting movement such that the surface of the cover layer forms the clearance surface and an end face or surface of the cover layer is located in the cutting surface. Consequently, there is achieved the result that the cutting surface can be reground in the same manner as tools which, for example, are made of hardened steel and which are not provided with a cover layer.

Abstract: An involute external tooth profile is cut into the periphery of a gear blank by positioning a rotating milling cutter with its cutting path perpendicular to the plane of action of the desired base surface of revolution within the gear blank so as to penetrate the plane of action from the side thereof opposite to the base surface and with a predetermined line of intersection which generates the involute profile as the base surface rolls upon the plane of action. The rolling action causes the generating line to traverse the blank between its addendum surface and a depth sufficient to provide the desired length of active profile.

Abstract: This invention pertains to a rack and pinion type steering gear for an automobile and a method for cutting rack teeth in the gear. The gear comprises a housing, a pinion rotatably supported within the housing and operatively connected to a steering wheel and a rack bar supported within the housing for slidable movement in the axial direction and rotation and provided with rack teeth in engagement with the pinion. The rack teeth are formed on the rack and along a varying pitch line so that the axial movement amount of the rack varies as the pinion rotates.

Abstract: A machine for simultaneously milling several grooves in rotating workpieces by means of a rotating one-toothed milling tool, whereby the rotational speeds of the milling tool and workpiece stand in a ratio determined by the number of grooves, and whereby the milling tool in the longitudinal direction from the free end of the workpiece--freely-cutting--is plunged in the workpiece which is advanced in the longitudinal movement. The tool carrier is pivotable about an axis lying perpendicularly to the rotational axis of the workpiece such that the rotational plane of the cutter tool is able to be brought in an acute angle relative to the rotational axis of the workpiece.