Abstract: The present invention achieves a machining apparatus which can easily be composed and a machining method which can perform gear machining or splined shaft machining easily by using an existing lathe.

Abstract: A gear shaping machine is provided. The gear shaping machine includes a pair of horizontally reciprocating gear shaping heads mounted to a column. Each gear shaping head includes a spindle assembly including an integral rotary drive for indexing the spindle. The spindle assembly is carried by a spindle slide. The spindle slide also carries a plurality of bearing blocks to allow for sliding movement of the gear shaping head relative to rails mounted on the column. A linear drive arrangement is operably coupled between each gear shaping head and the column. The linear guide arrangement allows for controlled linear translation of each gear shaping head independently of one another. Each gear shaping head also includes a back-off mechanism for independently moving the spindle assembly toward the workpiece during a cutting stroke and away from the workpiece during a return stroke of each gear shaping head.

Abstract: Feed back vibrations of a metallic tool generated during the machining of metallic workpieces are damped by detecting an oscillatory motion of the tool, identifying a frequency of the oscillatory motion and generating a mechanical camping force having the same frequency as the oscillatory motion and applied to the tool in counter-direction to a velocity of the oscillatory motion. The damping force can be of constant amplitude or gradually decreasing amplitude.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for milling internal gears and splines using a pair of opposed milling cutters disposed internally in a gear or spline blank. The apparatus generally milling gear teeth on generally opposite sides of the blank with an indexing mechanism for manipulating the orientation of the milling apparatus with respect to the blank. Also disclosed are internal gears having milled teeth which are manufactured using the apparatus and the method.

Abstract: A method for machining of tooth flanks by grinding or milling respectively as to internally or externally toothed workpieces with a profile disk tool in a discontinuous indexing process. For generating flanks with complicated flank modifications it is proposed to perform during machining besides the known movements an additional movement that is composed of at least two portions, extending in different axes of the machine, whereby the individual portions are so matched that a prescribed distortion of the flanks results. There are embodiments for single flank processes and for double flank processes. It is also possible to generate topological flank modifications and flanks, of which certain parts are set back relative to the unmodified area of the flank. Basis for determining the tool- and workpiece setting data and the movements that the tool has to perform relative to the workpiece, is a simulation of the machining process on a computer.

Abstract: A first table (1) slidable leftwards and rightwards of a gear finishing machine and a second table (2) slidable forwards and rearwards of the machine are disposed in an overlapped relationship such that one of the tables is mounted on the top of the other table. Of these tables, the upper table is guided by a horizontal guide member (3) which is adapted to be rotated to any desired angular position and to be clamped at such position. A feed motor (5) drives the first table to slide.For sliding the table assembly along a diagonal direction, the angular position of the guide member is adjusted so that it extends along such direction.A horizontal stability of the table assembly is secured without employing a conventional parallel link mechanism. The table assembly is driven to slide so as to pass the center of machine so that an accuracy of gear finishing is assured.

Abstract: A process for the making and/or finishing of a crown wheel using a metal-cutting tool, the crown wheel being intended for meshing with a predetermined cylindrical gear. The metal-cutting tool is a rotary disc-type element whose working transverse section lying in the plane of the axis of rotation corresponds essentially to the tooth profile of the cylindrical gear. The disc-type element is placed in such a way relative to the crown wheel to be made that the tooth profile of the element coincides with the tooth profile of the cylindrical gear when it is engaged with the crown wheel. The disc-type element is put into a to and fro linear motion perpendicular to its axis of rotation and is at the same time tilted about an axis which coincides with the axis of rotation of the cylindrical gear when it is engaged with the crown wheel. The tooth profile of the element meshes with the crown wheel to be made and finishes the tooth flanks according to the generating principle.

Abstract: Formations on a workpiece (1) are machined along an arcuate path (5) having a center (4) in eccentrically spaced relation to a rotational axis (3) about which the workpiece is indexed by a holder (2). A tool (7) is controllably displaced through its carrier (12) in such a manner as to establish radial alignment of the tool relative to the indexing axis and the path center during operational strokes to enable machining of identical formations spaced along the path. The radius of curvature of the path is greater than the maximum distance (4-14) to which said operational strokes are limited.

Abstract: A gear cutter is provided as an accessory to a milling machine. A single gear cutting blade makes successive passes across a continuously rotating gear blank to cut a desired number of gear teeth. The cycle time of the cutting blade and the angular velocity of the gear blank are such that the gear blank increments a number of cut positions after each cut which number is greater than one and prime to the total number of gears to be cut. The accessory includes a pivotal and oscillating gear blank carriage. A blank on the carriage is rotated through change gears by a main timing shaft. The timing shaft also controls vertical movement of the cutting blade through a cam, a rack and pinion assembly and change gears. Further, through another cam the timing shaft controls retraction of the gear blank from the cutter blade. Proper selection of change gears enables cutting of gears of any pitch or diameter.

Abstract: A gear shaping machine includes a cutter mounted at the lower end of a spindle and a worm gear surrounding the spindle. A first guide is provided on the spindle and has axially extending guide flutes formed thereon. A second guide is disposed in surrounding relation to the spindle and has axially extending guide grooves formed in an inner surface for sliding engagement with the spindle guide flutes and helically advancing guide flutes formed in its outer surface for engaging corresponding guide flutes formed in the inner surface of the worm gear. A first adjustable eccentric is coupled to the spindle for controlling the vertical movement thereof and a second adjustable eccentric is coupled to the second guide for selectively controlling its vertical movement.

Abstract: Apparatus for milling a gear for a double enveloping worm gear drive. A rotating milling cutter is advanced toward a workpiece spindle to mill a flank of a gear tooth by tilting the milling cutter supporting frame about an axis that passes through the axis of rotation of the workpiece spindle to form a predetermined change in the helix angle from the top to the root of the tooth. The initial tilt setting of the cutter is adjusted to suit the root helix angle.