Abstract: A device for generating jets in which two electrodes are disposed in a liquid. One of the electrodes is a plane electrode and the other is disposed at a predetermined distance from the plane electrode and has a plurality of space areas. The space areas are alternately large and small. When a high voltage is applied between the two electrodes, jets are generated from the large space areas.

Abstract: An arrangement for transporting air with the aid of so-called ion-wind includes at least one corona electrode (K) and at least one target electrode (M) located downstream of the corona electrode at a distance therefrom. The arrangement also includes a direct-current voltage source, the two terminals of which are connected to the corona electrode and the target electrode respectively. The construction of the corona electrode and the voltage of the voltage source are such that a corona discharge generating air ions occurs at the corona electrode.

Abstract: In a flat cathode ray display tube having an electron gun adjacent a rear wall of the tube's envelope which produces an electron beam travelling across the rear wall before being turned in the opposite direction and then deflected onto a screen carried by faceplate opposite the rear wall, getter means is situated in one or more recesses, each defined at least in part by an elongate rib formed in the rear wall, e.g. by pressing, with the recess wall shielding the getter means directly from the gun to prevent contamination. The rib serves also to strengthen the rear wall. A line scanning deflector is similarly shielded.

Abstract: An improved getter assembly for use in cathode ray tubes, and particularly in cathode ray tubes that require a clear area or window, the getter assembly including a container with getter diffusion directing tabs extending from the sidewall of the container in a direction away from the window area.

Abstract: An adsorption agent is introduced in the insulation chamber of a vacuum insulated double walled vessel for the storage of low-boiling liquefied gases. Specifically the adsorption agent is installed in the chamber before producing the vacuum by housing the agent within a gas and water tight container which bursts in a vacuum.

Abstract: The system generally includes an electrochemical pump for pressurizing a cryogenic gas, a heat exchanger for cooling the gas to below its inversion temperature, a Joule-Thomson flow restrictor to cool the gas by adiabatic expansion, a load heat exchanger that is thermally coupled to an electronic component or surface that requires cryogenic cooling, and a low-pressure flow path back to the pump. One or more reservoirs can be provided in the high-pressure and low-pressure flow paths. The flow paths can be thermally coupled by one or more regenerative heat exchangers. The electrochemical pump can be adapted to transport either protons or hydronium ions. Protons are preferably transported using pump components that do not contain water in any chemical form. Either hydrogen or oxygen can serve as the cryogen.

Abstract: An electrostatic pump or pumping liquids having a resistivity in the range of 10.sup.10 to 10.sup.7 ohm cm has a pump housing. The pump housing includes a passageway through which the liquid is pumped, and a single injection electrode disposed upstream of the passageway. The electrode has a sharp electrically-conducting tip. A constriction in the region of the tip is shaped to conform to the surface configuration of the tip so that the liquid flows pass the tip in a laminar nonturbulent fashion through an orifice of reduced cross-section. The constriction is so dimensioned as to provide a high resistance path. A chamber is disposed downstream of the constriction and is of larger cross-section than the constriction. A discharged electrode is disposed in the chamber and is separated from the injection electrode by the chamber and the constriction. The injection and discharge electrodes are coupled to a high voltage generator to maintain an electric potential between the electrodes on the order of kilovolts.

Abstract: A refrigeration cycle or heat pump employing an electrochemical compressor. The cycle uses a working fluid at least one component of which is electrochemically active. Another component of the working fluid is condensable. In one embodiment, the electrochemically active component is hydrogen and the condensable component is water. The electrochemical compressor raises the pressure of the working fluid and delivers it to a condenser where the condensable component is precipitated by heat exchange with a sink fluid. The working fluid is then reduced in pressure in a thermal expansion valve. Subsequently, the low pressure working fluid is delivered to an evaporator where the condensed phase of the working fluid is boiled by heat exchange with a source fluid. The evaporator effluent working fluid may be partially in the gas phase and partially in the liquid phase when it is returned from the evaporator to the electrochemical compressor.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for analyzing trace elements in a gas sample. An unique feedback system is provided for accurately regulating and sensing the pressure supplied to the ion chamber of the device. The feedback system is capable of compensating for a wide range of input gas pressures. The apparatus also includes an improved closed ion source which is resistant to corrosion and aids in the reduction of noise. In addition, a method is disclosed to calibrate the detector for accurately scaling the measurements of trace elements.

Abstract: In a cathode-ray tube having a glass envelope portion, a gettering device (18) is urged against an internal wall portion of the glass envelope portion (2) by means of a resilient metal strip (19) connected to a component of the tube. The gettering device comprises a getter holder (30) in the form of an annular metal channel which is connected to the resilient metal strip (19) via a metal connection strip (32) and furthermore is kept, spaced from the wall portion by a metal support member (33). The support member is formed by a metal supporting arm (33) extending from the metal connection strip (32) which at its free end (34) is curved convexly with respect to the wall portion and contacts the wall portion in an area (35) situated centrally with respect to the annular channel (30). This arrangement enables the temperature of the support member at the area where it contacts the wall portion to be kept below 700.degree. C.

Abstract: An ion-generator for producing an air flow includes a plurality of rectangularly shaped plate electrodes spaced from one another and respectively lying in planes parallel to the direction of the air flow, such plate electrodes extending perpendicularly to the direction of the air flow, the edge of each plate electrode facing upstream being rounded. There is a plurality of rows of needle electrodes disposed upstream of the plate electrodes and extending perpendicularly to the direction of the air flow, such rows of needle electrodes being respectively associated with and oriented towards the gaps between the plate electrodes, the tips of all the needle electrodes being disposed in a plane perpendicular to the direction of the air flow. There is an electrically conductive rod-shaped support for each row of needle electrodes, such rod-shaped supports being arranged parallel to the rounded edges of the plate electrodes.

Abstract: A getter assembly is described having an improved support such that the points of contact with the glass wall of a cathode ray tube have as low a temperature as possible. An antenna position mounting can be attached to the lower side of the central disc-shaped form of the getter assembly formed from an upraised portion of the bottom wall of the ring container. Said mounting tab can extend outwardly without touching the internal wall of the container or its bottom wall, in the preferred embodiment there can be attached, for example by means of welding, a support means which has at least one concave surface facing towards the bottom of the container and situated in a plane perpendicular to the outwardly extended portion of the mounting tab.

Abstract: An air flow generating apparatus relating to an apparatus for generating air stream by corona discharge without a mechanically operating section and is used for an air cleaning apparatus or an air conditioner. This apparatus has a plurality of electrode plates arranged at a predetermined interval to form an air flow passage, a number of ionizing wires arranged at predetermined intervals at a position from the ends of the electrode plates, and rod-shaped magnets attached to the ends of the respective electrode plates. Since ions produced by corona discharge are accelerated magnetically by the magnets, ion flowing velocity is accelerated, thereby remarkably increasing the velocity and air pressure of the air stream generated.

Abstract: A getter assembly is described which has an antenna mount in the form of a small bar placed along the diameter of an annular container. The antenna mount is formed in such a way as to touch the container only in areas near to the inner wall. In order to reduce to a minimum the points and the areas of contact between the antenna mount and the getter material container, the connection of these two elements is made by means of two diametrically opposite spot welds near to the internal wall of the annular container and longitudinally disposed along the mount.The mounting bar is preferably furnished with a downwardly dependent support member for maintaining the getter assembly away from the wall of the cathode ray tube in which it will be located.

Abstract: A getter assembly is described which has an improved support such that the points of contact with the glass wall of a cathode ray tube have as low a temperature as possible.A tab member for mounting the getter device is attached to the lower side of a central disc shaped zone of the getter device formed of an upraised bottom portion of the bottom wall of the ring getter. Said tab member extends without touching the inner side wall of the getter material container of its bottom wall. A support means is attached, for example by spot welding, to the tab member, and has at least two concave surfaces facing the bottom wall of the container and lying in a plane perpendicular to the outwardly extending zone of the tab member. The support means can be attached to the tab in the same area as which the tab is attached to the central zone of the upraised bottom portion of the container.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for high speed vacuum pumping of an air lock. A vacuum pumped expansion tank having a volume larger than the volume of the air lock is coupled through a valve to the air lock. When evacuation of the air lock is desired, the valve is opened for a brief duration and the gas in the air lock rapidly expands into the expansion tank. Multiple pumping stages, each including a vacuum pumped expansion tank coupled through a valve to the air lock, can be utilized to decrease the final pressure in the air lock. The valves are sequentially opened to permit sequential expansion of the gas in the air lock into the expansion tanks. Multiple air locks can time share the same pumping system.

Abstract: A transducer with which mechanical rotary motion can be interconverted with the flow of an electro-rheological fluid. Two, electrically conductive, movable, conveying surfaces are partly disposed in parallel confrontation thereby defining a fluid transfer path. A fluid transfer port is located at each end of the fluid transfer path through which electro-rheological fluid can enter and leave the transducer. The conveying surfaces are electrically connected to a voltage source and movable by means of a rotor to which they are connected. On application of a voltage difference between the conveying surfaces the electro-rheological fluid gells after which rotation of the rotor will urge the fluid along the transfer path and vice-versa.

Abstract: A gettering device installed in a picture display tube includes an annular, channel-shaped metal holder containing an evaporable gettering metal and a heat-activated gas releasing material. The gas releasing material is disposed in the holder against a surface which rapidly increases in temperature in response to inductive heating of the holder. This material is covered by the gettering metal to protect it against deterioration by exposure to moist, high temperature air during tube manufacturing processes occurring after installation of the device. During inductive heating, the temperature of the gas releasing material increases faster than that of the gettering metal and begins releasing gas before the gettering metal begins to evaporate.

Abstract: The heat pipe has a condensing area at one end and an evaporating area at the other end. An ion drag pump is within the condensing area to receive dielectric refrigerant condensate in its inlet. There is a liquid carrying tube having one end connected to the pump outlet and having its other end terminating adjacent the evaporating area to discharge refrigerant condensate therein. The evaporating area has heat receiving flow paths into which the condensate is adapted to flow and be vaporized, there being a vapor flow path from the evaporating area through which the vaporized refrigerant returns to the condensing area.The method includes cooling one end of the heat pipe to liquefy refrigerant therein to form a condensate, flowing the condensate into an ion drag pump and applying a sufficiently high voltage across a cathode and anode of the pump to produce ions in the refrigerant condensate, the ions then being accelerated toward the anode so as to create fluid motion and pumping action through the pump inlet.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a picture display tube a gettering device is used which includes a first metal holder (1, 20) and a second metal holder (3, 28). A source (2, 21) of evaporable gettering metal is accommodated in the first metal holder (1, 20) from which the gettering metal can be released by inductive heating. A gas source (6) including a material having a comparatively high decomposition temperature, which releases gas upon heating, is accommodated in the second metal holder. The second metal holder is connected to an outer surface (7, 30) of the first metal holder in such manner that the second metal holder forms an electric shunt for part of the induction current generated in the first metal holder by the inductive heating.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided for uniformly premagnetizing magnetic media, such as wide magnetic tapes and/or for substantially uniformly orienting the magnetic particles in the slurry of the magnetizable layer of magnetic media during their formation. Premagnetization constitutes magnetizing the medium in a preselected direction, such as the transverse direction (i.e., perpendicular to the intended direction of movement of the recording medium past a recording head but in the plane of the medium), prior to magnetically recording information thereon. The apparatus comprises a number of predeterminably arranged small magnets disposed proximate to the medium which obviates the need for large, expensive, heavy magnets and magnet systems. A continuous transverse saturation level of magnetization is provided in the medium with virtually no vertical or longitudinal magnetic components or anomalous effects.

Abstract: A heat pipe or thermosiphon device is provided which may be configured for operation in various temperature regimes from cryogenic to elevated temperatures and in gravity or other orientation sensitive environments, as well as zero-gravity or other orientation insensitive environments. The invention comprises a heat pipe, containing a magnetically susceptible liquid as the working fluid, surrounded by an electro-magnet or permanent magnet which produces a magnetic field gradient which interacts with the magnetically susceptible liquid to produce an artificial body force field analogous to, but which may be substantially greater than, the gravitational force field, for separation of the liquid from gaseous phases of the magnetically susceptible working fluid within the heat pipe.

Abstract: Apparatus for pumping charged fluid or charged particles by means of a travelling electric field which acts on the charge through Coulombic forces. The electric field is produced by a single phase time varying voltage applied to material with dimensions or electrical properties which vary in space. This material is placed between the medium to be pumped and an electrical conductor attached to the voltage supply.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for classifying desirable particles of powder metal by size and removing particles of undesirable material of a different density than the metal particles. There is included a housing defining a closed flow path for a recirculated stream of protective gas different than ambient air. A particle supply device introduces particles into the housing at a controlled rate in a downwardly falling stream. A plurality of receptacle trays are disposed in the housing generally vertically below the particle supply device with each tray having a forward lip positioned forwardly in the direction of the gas flow of the trays thereabove.

Abstract: Low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp having in the discharge vessel a vapor pressure-controlling mercury amalgam which is secured to the inner surface of a wall of a container which is provided with an opening to the discharge vessel. Such securing reduces the risk that small portions of the amalgam might become dislodged by vibration or shock and escape from the container into the discharge vessel. The amalgam is secured to the container wall by fusion thereto by means of an intermediate "wetting" agent formed by a thin layer of nickel.

Abstract: A fluid-tight container holding active getter and non-sorbable gas at a pressure of at least about one atmosphere, with gas flow passage means through a wall of the container providing communication between the active getter and the container-surrounding environment, and removable closure means for the gas flow passage means. The container may be opened for gas flow communication and exposure of the active getter prior to sealing of a vacuum enclosure in which it is installed, without significant loss or impairment of sorptive capacity of the getter.

Abstract: A process for producing a calcium chemical pump which includes reacting cium and anhydrous ammonia in a closed vessel that is cooled to a temperature below 0.degree. C. to form a solution of the calcium and anhydrous ammonia and then spraying the solution onto a rotating porous foamed substrate material in a closed container that has a vacuum pulled thereon, and the solution when sprayed causing the ammonia to flash and be evaporated and drawn off by the vacuum to cause the calcium to be deposited on the rotating porous foamed substrate material.

Abstract: Electric lamps having a gas-filled lamp envelope according to the invention have a hydrogen getter consisting of a coherent mixture of 65-90% by weight of zirconium powder having a particle size of 100-1,000 .mu.m and 35-10% by weight of nickel powder.

Abstract: An extracorporeal osmotic pump has a first chamber containing an osmotic fluid e.g. aqueous polyethylene glycol solution and a second chamber containing a weaker solution or solvent e.g. water. Between the two there is a duct containing the semipermeable membrane and nearer the first chamber one or more layers of porous material (e.g. four contiguous face-to-face discs of porous polyethylene) as a flow-control means.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for self-sustaining high vacuum in a high voltage environment. The method and apparatus employ ion pumping; the apparatus can be an integral part of high voltage equipment and acts to maintain a high vacuum condition in such equipment.

Abstract: This invention relates to a supported getter device comprising a metallic support structure consisting of a three-dimensional network defining a multiplicity of inter-connecting free cells and a particulate getter material substantially filling at least some of said free cells. This invention also relates to a getter device comprising at least one attachment zone of a compressed three-dimensional metal network attached to at least one supported getter material zone comprising a three-dimensional metal network. Methods of making the getter devices are described.

Abstract: A getter device comprising a U-shaped ring, a base disc, and an annular disc.

Abstract: A high-pressure discharge lamp having a hydrogen getter in the lamp vessel disposed in a metal envelope which is hydrogen-permeable. The hydrogen-permeable metal of the envelope is covered with a porous halogen-resistant layer. The atoms of the metal halides dissociated in the discharge can recombine at the porous layer so that blackening of the discharge vessel is mitigated.

Abstract: A getter device with an organosilane coating.

Abstract: An improved getter assembly is provided for attachment to the end of a spring-like antenna by means of a tab portion and subsequent insertion into a TV picture tube. The getter assembly comprises a tab portion, a getter container and a support member for distancing the getter container away from the wall of the picture tube wherein the support member and tab portion may be formed from a single length of wire bent to shape.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a failure alarm system for an intravenous feeding pump in which the pumping force is secured by the projection of a plunger into a chamber filled with the liquid to be pumped, which plunger is encased in a tightly fitting sheath of elastic material. In such a pump, actuation is secured by the application of a force from an actuator to the end of the plunger extending without the wall of a pumping chamber and the return force is secured by the elasticity of the sheath. The actuator of such a pump provides an actuator which can be selectively set to provide an extended range of operations per unit of time and can be modified to control the amount of projection into the pumping chamber by the plunger. In such a combination means is provided by the present invention for sensing the fact that there is a negative pressure, or suction, in the system that is not balanced by the in-flow of liquid, i.e.

Abstract: A getter device of the annular-ring type having a deflector. The deflector has a conical segment and both axial and radial locating elements. The radial locating element is U-shaped in cross section.

Abstract: A method of protecting the cladding of a nuclear fuel element from internal attack and a nuclear fuel element for use in the core of a nuclear reactor are disclosed. The nuclear fuel element has disposed therein an additive of a barium-containing material and the barium-containing material collects reactive gases through chemical reaction or adsorption at temperatures ranging from room temperature up to fuel element plenum temperatures. The additive is located in the plenum of the fuel element and preferably in the form of particles in a hollow container having a multiplicity of gas permeable openings in one portion of the container with the openings being of a size smaller than the size of the particles. The openings permit gases and liquids entering the plenum to contact the particles. The additive is comprised of elemental barium or a barium alloy containing one or more metals in addition to barium such as aluminum, zirconium, nickel, titanium and combinations thereof.

Abstract: A getter device having two rings with coextensive axes wherein the rings are in thermal contact one with the other.

Abstract: A high-pressure gas discharge lamp having a discharge vessel provided with an aggressive gas filling, and electrodes between which the discharge takes place during operation. A hydrogen getter is placed within the discharge vessel and it consists of a getter material surrounded by a hydrogen-permeable wall. The getter material comprises at least a material of the group yttrium, lanthanum, the lanthanides and alloys of the said elements. The hydrogen permeable wall comprises at least one of the elements chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, tantalum, nickel and iron.

Abstract: A getter device with an organosilane coating.