Abstract: A clad article of a substrate of one powdered metal that is clad with a second dissimilar powdered metal. A separation layer may be provided between the substrate and the clad layer to separate these layers during consolidation and to facilitate bonding thereof. The consolidation operation may be performed by hot isostatic pressing of the powders within a deformable container.

Abstract: A powder injection molding process for making hard to make parts having internal cavities and hard to make parts made by the process. Metal powders having a variety of shapes and sizes are mixed with binder to make a feedstock. The feedstock is molded into at least two raw molded parts which are then sintered to join the parts together to form the hard to make part. This process eliminates all secondary operations in parts having internal cavities where core withdrawal is not possible. In preferred embodiment two raw parts are joined together during the sintering step without adding any materials to assist the bonding. This methodology can be used to make assemblies that have complex internal cavities such as filter sections and wave-guide components that are a low cost critical solution for the communications industry.

Abstract: In order for a surface of a three-dimensional sintered object to be smoothly finished by removing unwanted portions and an excessively sintered growth formed during sintering to form sintered layers, the three-dimensional sintered object is formed by repeating successive processes of dispensing a powdery material and directing an optical sintering beam to the powdery material to form the sintered layer, until a required number of integral laminated bodies are formed. During the formation of the integral laminated bodies, trimming is applied to a first zone different from a second zone in which each laminated body is formed, to remove unwanted portions of the respective laminated body.

Abstract: A clad article of a substrate of one powdered metal that is clad with a second dissimilar powdered metal. A separation layer may be provided between the substrate and the clad layer to separate these layers during consolidation and to facilitate bonding thereof. The consolidation operation may be performed by hot isostatic pressing of the powders within a deformable container.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for directly making rapid prototype tooling from a computer model having a free-form shape. The method steps comprise essentially: (a) machining a soft metal tooling base so as to contour at least one free-form surface in conformity with the computer model; (b) cold-gas dynamic spraying the contoured surface to form superimposed impact welded metal particle layers, the layers consisting of at least one thermal management under-layer comprising primarily copper, and at least an outer wear resistant layer comprising primarily tool steel.

Abstract: A high-quality and high-reliability rotary anode target for X-ray tubes, of which the mechanical strength at high temperatures is increased and which is applicable not only to low-speed rotation (at least 3,000 rpm) but also even to high-speed rotation at high temperatures, and also a method for producing it. The rotary anode has a two-layered structure to be formed by laminating an Mo alloy substrate that comprises from 0.2% by weight to 1.5% by weight of TiC with the balance of substantially Mo, and an X-ray generating layer of a W—Re alloy that overlies the substrate.

Abstract: A powder bed (32) is built up by repeated deposition of a slurry that contains powder. Layers are made by depositing a liquid dispersion of the desired powdered material, which then slip-casts into the forming powder bed to make a new layer (34). The slurry may be deposited in any suitable manner, such as by raster or vector scanning, or by a plurality of simultaneous jets that coalesce before the liquid slip-casts into the bed, or by individual drops, the deposits of which are individually controlled, thereby generating a regular surface for each layer.

Abstract: A method to form a combined enclosure and heat sink structure for a semiconductor device is achieved. A first feedstock comprising a first mixture of powdered metal materials, lubricants, and binders is prepared. A second feedstock comprising a second mixture of powdered metal materials, lubricants, and binders is prepared such that the difference between the sintering shrinkage of each of the first and second feedstocks is less than 1%. The first and second feedstocks are pressed to form a first green part having an enclosure shape and a second green part having a heat sink shape. The lubricants and the binders from said first and second green parts are removed to form a first powdered skeleton and a second powdered skeleton. The first and second powdered skeletons are sintered to complete the combined enclosure and heat sink structure. The first and second powdered skeletons are in intimate contact during the sintering.

Abstract: Blank for a gun barrel, consisting of a steel bar, which bar, in one or more hot working steps, has been repeatedly wrung about its own longitudinal axis.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improvement in tourmaline known as a functional ore. In particular, the invention provides a composite having a novel formation in which a far infrared radiation function and others among tourmaline's functions are effectively exploited, a novel process for producing the composite, and composite materials to be used therefore.

Abstract: A method to form a combined enclosure and heat sink structure for a semiconductor device is achieved. A first feedstock comprising a first mixture of powdered metal materials, lubricants, and binders is prepared. A second feedstock comprising a second mixture of powdered metal materials, lubricants, and binders is prepared such that the difference between the sintering shrinkage of each of the first and second feedstocks is less than 1%. The first and second feedstocks are pressed to form a first green part having an enclosure shape and a second green part having a heat sink shape. The lubricants and the binders from said first and second green parts are removed to form a first powdered skeleton and a second powdered skeleton. The first and second powdered skeletons are sintered to complete the combined enclosure and heat sink structure. The first and second powdered skeletons are in intimate contact during the sintering.

Abstract: A plurality of catalyst disks pressed from porous catalyst material are stacked one on the other and together sintered with the application of pressure to make a stacked reactor for hydrogen production from hydrocarbons. To form especially tight seams the catalyst disks have projections formed in the area of contact with an adjacent catalyst disk. Hollow spaces formed in the catalyst disk or formed by two adjacent catalyst disks have a system for supporting the hollow spaces, as for example a cooper grid placed in the hollow space, which can be covered at least partially by a metal sheet or supporting bars pressed onto the catalyst disk.

Abstract: An injection molded metallic hand tool having a body portion made of a first metal and an active surface portion made of higher hardness metal more capable of operating on the work subject. For example, in a pair of pliers, the serrated jaws have gripping teeth active surface portion is made from a durable, high strength metal such as tool steel alloy and the remainder or body portion is made from stainless steel alloy. The tool is made through a metal injection molding process wherein an amount of high hardness metal particles is first placed or injected into the corresponding tip portion of the mold, then higher strength metal particles are injected to fill the remainder of the mold. In this way, complex bi-metallic parts may be inexpensively injection molded. This also creates an alloy matrix bond between the two different metal portions.

Abstract: A composite strip of compacted powders, which has a three layers structure, is continuously obtained by means of a rolling machine for powder compacting. The composite strip is sintered at a temperature of 460° C. to 550° C. to form a sintered composite strip. The sintered composite strip is continuously bonded by rolling to a steel strip. The bonded composite strip is optionally subjected to a heat treatment of heating at a temperature of 250° C. to 400° C. followed by heating to a temperature of 400° C. to 510° C., holding the strip under the temperature for not less than 30 seconds, and rapidly cooling down to 300° C. at a cooling rate of not lower than 50° C./minute, whereby obtaining a multi-layered composite material consisting of the steel strip, a sintered bonding layer, a sintered sliding layer and a sintered sacrificial layer.

Abstract: This disclosure features a process of making a two part drill bit insert, namely, a body portion of hard particles such as tungsten carbide particles mixed in an alloy binding the particles. The alloy preferably comprises 6% cobalt with amounts up to about 10% permitted. The body is sintered into a solid member, and also joined to a PDC crown covering the end. The crown is essentially free of cobalt. The process sinters the crown and body while preserving the body and crown cobalt differences.

Abstract: A porous prosthesis for delivering a medication to the site of implantation is disclosed.

Abstract: A first compact (11) is molded by injection according to the MIM method in which a molding material composed of a mixture of metal powder and a binder is injected into a die for molding, after which a second compact (12) is molded by injection in close contact with the joining surface (110) of the first compact (11) thereby to fabricate a metal composite compact (1). The second compact (12) is molded by injection by making it flow and fill a die (8) in such a manner as to obtain a flow component (R) in the direction parallel to the joining surface (110) of the first compact (11) on the same joining surface (110). In a method according to another embodiment, cavity surfaces (60, 61) formed on a reference die (50) and a first replacement die (51), respectively, are placed in opposed relation to each other thereby to form a first cavity (71), in which the first compact (11) is molded by injection.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for manufacturing an evaporation source for physical vapor deposition. The evaporation source is formed of the actual sputtering target with an aluminum component and one or more further components as well as of a backing plate made from a material having better thermal conductivity than the target. The backing plate made of a powdery starting material is pressed, together with the powdery components of the sputtering target, into sandwiched powder fractions and then formed.

Abstract: The invention shows how powder injection molding may be used to form a continuous body having multiple parts, each of which has different physical properties such as magnetic characteristics or hardness. This is accomplished through careful control of the relative shrinkage rates of these various parts. Additionally, care is taken to ensure that only certain selected physical properties are allowed to differ between the parts while others may be altered through relatively small changes in the composition of the feedstocks used. An additional application of the present invention is a process for forming, in a single integrated operation, an object that is contained within an enclosure while not being attached to said enclosure. This is accomplished by causing the shrinkage rate of the object to be substantially greater than that of the enclosure. As a result, after sintering, the object is found to have detached itself from the enclosure and is free to move around therein.

Abstract: The method of consolidating a body in any of initially powdered, sintered, fibrous, sponge, or other form capable of compaction, that includes providing flowable pressure transmission particles having carbonaceous and ceramic composition or compositions; heating particles to elevated temperature; locating the heated particles in a bed; positioning the body at the bed, to receive pressure transmission; effecting pressurization of the bed to cause pressure transmission via the particles to the body, thereby to compact and consolidate the body into desired shape, increasing its density, the body consisting essentially of one or more metals selected from the following group: tungsten, rhenium, uranium, tantalum, platinum, copper, gold, hafnium, molybdenum, titanium, zirconium, aluminum, the consolidated body having, along a body dimension, one of the following characteristics: decreasing strength, increasing strength, or decreasing ductility (strain hardening) and increasing ductility (strain hardening).

Abstract: A method is provided for manufacturing a multi-layered magnetic rod in which a steel powder is reduced and extruded through a die. To improve the magnetic properties, a layer of rare earth magnetic power formed around the low alloy steel in the extruder chamber. A second layer of coating formed around the rare earth powder and the three layers are co-extruded through the die to produce a layered rod having improved magnetic properties. The resulting magnetic rod may be machined using conventional machining methods.

Abstract: A sintering process for producing an aluminide by reacting a first powder with a second powder, the first powder comprising MxAly wherein M is Fe, Ni or Ti, x≧1, y≧1 and x>y or y>x and the second powder comprises pure M or M alloy powder. Iron aluminides such as Fe3Al, FeAl or alloys thereof can be made by reacting powders of one or more of Fe3Al, FeAl3, FeAl2, Fe2Al5 or alloys thereof with pure iron or an iron alloy. Nickel aluminides such as Ni3Al or NiAl or alloys thereof can be made by reacting powders of one or more of NiAl3, Ni2Al3, Ni3Al2, Ni5Al3 or alloys thereof with pure Ni or a Ni alloy powder. Titanium aluminides such as Ti3Al, TiAl or alloys thereof can be made by reacting one or more of TiAl3, TiAl2 or alloys thereof with pure Ti or Ti alloy powder. The process provides a more dense product by solid state reaction of an intermediate intermetallic compound with a component of the final aluminide compact.

Abstract: An ingot is made from a used target of 30 weight % or more, and new metals of the same components, and recycled alloy powder is made by a gas atomizing process. Magnetic permeability is controlled not to exceed 2 by adjusting the content of rare earth metals in rare earth alloy powder to be at least 35 weight %. By blending the recycled alloy powder with other powder to produce alloy powder containing at least 50 weight % of rare earth alloy powder having a magnetic permeability not higher than 2 and containing at least 65 weight % of rare earth alloy powder. By sintering the alloy powder under pressure and thereafter cutting top, bottom and side surfaces of the sintered material, a target having a magnetic permeability not higher than 2 and having a thickness not less than 8 mm is fabricated.

Abstract: Metallurgical powder compositions are provided that include silicon carbide to enhance the strength, ductility, and machine-ability of the compacted and sintered parts made therefrom. The compositions generally contain a metal powder, such as an iron-based powder, that constitutes the major portion of the composition. A silicon carbide-containing powder is blended with the metal powder, preferably in the form of a silicon carbide powder. Optionally, common alloying powders, lubricants, binding agents, and other powder metallurgy additives can be blended into the metallurgical composition. The metallurgical powder composition is used by compacting it in a die cavity to produce a “green” compact that is then sintered, preferably at relatively high temperatures.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composite material, manufactured by dynamic densification of an amount of granular or powdered relatively brittle material or a mixture of one or more of such materials, wherein a continuous porous product is obtained, whereafter, by infiltration thereof with a second material, the brittle material particles are embedded in a continuous network of the second material. The invention further relates to a composite comprising ceramic particles embedded in a continuous matrix of a second material, obtainable by a method according to the invention, and to products manufactured from such composite.

Abstract: The present invention provides a rare-earth sintered magnet exhibiting desirable magnetic properties in which the amount of Nd and/or Pr forming a non-magnetic phase in a grain boundary phase is reduced. Specifically, the present invention provides a rare-earth sintered magnet having a composition of (R1x+R2y)T100-x-y-zQz where R1 is at least one element selected from the group consisting of all rare-earth elements excluding La (lanthanum), Y (yttrium) and Sc (scandium); R2 is at least one element selected from the group consisting of La, Y and Sc; T is at least one element selected from the group consisting of all transition elements; Q is at least one element selected from the group consisting of B and C, and including, as a main phase, a crystal grain of an Nd2Fe14B crystalline structure, wherein: molar fractions x, y and z satisfy 8≦x≦18 at %, 0.1≦y≦3.

Abstract: A method for selectively and rapidly extracting/removing a plasticizer from a compact such as a green laminate that is produced at a certain point in the process of manufacturing a multilayer ceramic capacitor. Carbon dioxide is introduced into a pressure chamber in which the green laminate has been placed, and the temperature and the pressure of the pressure chamber are set to 40° C. and 10 MPa, respectively, so that the pressure chamber is filled with a supercritical carbon dioxide. The plasticizer is extracted/removed from the green laminate by using the supercritical carbon dioxide. Then, a de-binder step and a baking step are performed in an ordinary manner. By performing the de-plasticizer process of selectively extracting/removing the plasticizer before the de-binder step, it is possible to suppress the formation of a graphite-like substance even if the temperature is increased rapidly in the subsequent de-binder step and the baking step.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of automatically loading powder material into a sintering mold and subsequently effecting electrical sintering to the powder material in the sintering mold.

Abstract: A W—Cu—Ni alloy having thermophysical properties suitable for use in electrical contacts and electrodes is described. The alloy is formed by direct sintering of a powder blend comprising a tungsten-copper composite powder and a nickel powder. The tungsten-copper composite powder component of the blend comprises individual dual phase particles having a copper phase and a tungsten phase wherein the tungsten phase substantially encapsulates the copper phase. The method for direct sintering the W—Cu—Ni alloy substantially eliminates the formation of brittle intermetallics and slumping during sintering.

Abstract: The invention provides a fully dense compacted metal composite comprising silver alloy matrix having uniformly dispersed therein discrete microparticles of a refractory metal oxide, and further comprising discrete macroparticles of metal oxides. This composition can be used for electrical contacts which have greater mechanical strength, welding resistance and arc erosion resistance than previously known electrical contacts.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a niobium sintered body free of reduction in the CV value, a niobium powder for use in the manufacture of the niobium sintered body, and a capacitor using the niobium sintered body. A niobium powder of the present invention has niobium and tantalum, where the tantalum is present in an amount at most of about 700 ppm by mass. A sintered body and a capacitor each is manufactured using the niobium powder.

Abstract: Molded green parts are fused together to form a bond or joint during the sintering process. The molded green parts are held in intimate contact with each other and sintered at temperatures sufficient to fuse the parts together. The process may entail dry fusing of part-to-part or it may include the use of a flux between the parts being fused together to enhance the bond.

Abstract: A powder injection molding and infiltration process. A powder of a skeleton material having a relatively high melting point is mixed with a composite binder to form a mold mixture. The composite binder is comprised of at least two binder materials. The mold mixture is molded into a desired shape in a mold device to produce a molded part. The composite binder is then removed to produce voids in the molded part and the voids are filled by infiltrating an infiltrant comprised of an infiltrant material having a relatively low melting point to produce a composite molded part. In a preferred embodiment the skeleton material is TiB2 and the infiltrant material is aluminum and the composite binder is comprised of a plastic and a wax. In this embodiment the wax portion of the composite binder is removed using a solvent and the plastic is removed during the infiltration step. The resulting composite part has a TiB2 skeleton with voids substantially filled with aluminum.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a powder-metallurgically produced composite material comprising a matrix and a granular additive comprising at least one fine-grained refractory metal with an average grain size of at most 2 &mgr;m uniformly distributed in the matrix, so that the composite exhibits a residual porosity of <0.5%. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for the production of the composite and its use as an electrical contact material.

Abstract: A gelcasting method of making an internally graded article alternatively includes the steps of: preparing a slurry including a least two different phases suspended in a gelcasting solution, the phases characterized by having different settling characteristics; casting the slurry into a mold having a selected shape; allowing the slurry to stand for a sufficient period of time to permit desired gravitational fractionation in order to achieve a vertical compositional gradient in the molded slurry; gelling the slurry to form a solid gel while preserving the vertical compositional gradient in the molded slurry; drying the gel to form a dried green body; and sintering the dry green body to form a solid object, at least one property thereof varying along the vertical direction because of the compositional gradient in the molded slurry.

Abstract: A brake rotor for automotive vehicles can be manufactured by a process that involves designing the rotor as two separate sections, forming each rotor section as a separate powdered metal compact, assembling the metal compacts together in a final configuration, and sintering the assembly to densify and bond the rotor sections into a unitary brake rotor body.

Abstract: Provided are a high-quality and high-reliability rotary anode target for X-ray tubes, of which the mechanical strength at high temperatures is increased and which is applicable not only to low-speed rotation (at least 3,000 rpm) but also even to high-speed rotation at high temperatures, and also a method for producing it. The rotary anode has a two-layered structure to be formed by laminating an Mo alloy substrate that comprises from 0.2% by weight to 1.5% by weight of TiC with the balance of substantially Mo, and an X-ray generating layer of a W—Re alloy that overlies the substrate.

Abstract: A process for producing a shaped article, comprising: preparing a first powder having high strength and rigidity after completion of forming, and a second powder having abrasion resistance and surface hardness after completion of forming; compacting those powders to provide a forming material comprising a base part comprising the first powder and a supplemental part comprising the second powder; and forming the forming material into a shaped article by plastic processing, thereby producing a shaped article in which the base part and the supplemental part have different characteristics. The first powder preferably comprises a rapidly-solidified alloy powder and the second powder preferably comprises at least one member selected from among Al2O3, Si3N4, BN, SiC, Al4C3, Al8B2O15 and B2O or a mixture of the member and the first powder which may be the same one actually used as the first powder or another one having a different compositions from that of the actually used first powder.

Abstract: The present invention provides sintered alloys in which only a sliding part can be hardened without altering the dimensional accuracy of the article, and a method for the hardening treatment thereof. Specifically, the present invention relates to a method for the hardening treatment of a sintered alloy which comprises the steps of compressing an iron-based sinterable material to form a compact 2; placing a small-sized member 1 containing aluminum or an aluminum alloy that melts at a temperature lower than the sintering temperature of the compact, on a surface of the compact; and sintering the compact 2 so as to form an intermetallic compound 20 of iron and aluminum in a surface layer 7 of the compact 2, and to a sintered alloy having been treated according to this method.

Abstract: A gelcasting method of making an internally graded article includes the steps of: preparing at least two slurries, each of the slurries including a different gelcastable powder suspended in a gelcasting solution, the slurries characterized by having comparable shrinkage upon drying and sintering thereof; casting the slurries into a mold having a selected shape, wherein relative proportions of the slurries is varied in at least one direction within the selected shape; gelling the slurries to form a solid gel while preserving the variation in relative proportions of the slurries; drying the gel to form a dried green body; and sintering the dry green body to form a solid object, at least one property thereof varying because of the variation in relative proportions of the starting slurries.

Abstract: A functionally gradient material having desired characteristics without having any joining section is efficiently obtained by means of integration effected by a sintering treatment, the functionally gradient material comprising a metal part composition containing predetermined components based on a basic composition of tungsten and copper and a ceramic part composition containing predetermined components based on a basic composition of aluminum nitride and aluminum. Therefore, the metal and the ceramic are integrated into one unit without providing any joining section to give a high joining reliability and high thermal conductivity.

Abstract: A composite material is composed of a matrix and dispersed components which form a discontinuous three-dimensional network structure in the matrix. It permits the dispersed components to fully exhibit the characteristic properties without any loss of mechanical properties. A process for producing the above-mentioned composite material includes preparing a raw material powder such that granules of desired shape for the matrix are discontinuously covered with components of desired shape for the dispersed phase, molding the raw material powder into a desired shape, and heating the molded article.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparing a metal body via metal powder molding techniques. First and second component parts are conventionally injection molded from a metal powder molding material. The first ultrasonic part is molded to have an ultrasonic energy director surface, which may be, for example, a rib having a triangular cross section. In accordance with the disclosed process, the first and second component parts then are ultrasonically welded to form a green assembly, and this green assembly is debound and sintered in accordance with conventional metal powder molding techniques to form a metal body. The metal body thus formed will be hermetically sealed along the ultrasonic weld. The process of the invention thus may be employed in the preparation of metal objects that require a hermetic seal, such as fluid flow nozzles, pressure vessels, and the like.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for manufacturing a part made of high temperature-resistant, ceramic material based on aluminum nitride and reaction sintering. The process comprises the steps of preparing a homogeneous mixture of boron nitride powder, aluminum powder and a paste-like binder, capable of solidifying by chemical reaction and by solvent loss through drying. The mixture is formed by mold casting and then pressed and heated, to a temperature not exceeding approximately 70° C., to harden the binder and to obtain a solid and manipulable unfired part. The binder is eliminated by heating to a temperature of approximately 300° C. Pores of the unfired part are impregnated by immersing the part in a bath of molten aluminum or aluminum alloy to form an impregnated preform. Thereafter, the impregnated preform is removed from the bath, cooled, and machined to the final dimensions of the part. A ceramic is obtained by reaction sintering the machined part at a temperature of 900 to 1000° C.

Abstract: A furnace component having a tungsten-based substrate whose surface is protected by a rhenium-based layer in order to render the component less reactive to quartz, glass and other forms of silica. The layer preferably consists essentially of rhenium or rhenium with alloying additions of tungsten. The substrate may be formed of concentric layers of different tungsten-based alloys in order to tailor the physical and mechanical properties of the component. A preferred method of forming the rhenium layer is to wrap the substrate with a rhenium-based wire, and then heat the wire and substrate to sinter and bond the wire to the substrate. Alternatively, the substrate and rhenium layer can be formed by isostatic pressing. Both methods are performed so that the substrate and layer have densities of at least about 96% of their respective theoretical densities.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of manufacturing a machine component of sintered ferriferous composite comprising an outer part and an inner part which is fitted into a hole of the outer part. It has the steps of: preparing one of the outer part and the inner part as a green compact of ferriferous powdered metal and the other as one of a green compact of ferriferous powdered metal, a sintered compact of ferriferous powdered metal and a mass of ferriferous molten metal; inserting the inner part into the hole of the outer part; and sintering the outer part and the inner part to bond the outer part and the inner part. The outer part and the inner part are prepared to have a fitting clearance of approximately -100 to +5 .mu.m.

Abstract: The invention provides for a functionally-graded metal substrate that is made of at least two metal compositions, a functional insert and a surrounding body that surrounds the functional insert. In a preferred embodiment of the invention a functional insert powder composition of loose powder metal is placed in a compact of a surrounding body powder composition and both metal compositions are sintered in a sintering furnace to form a sintered part. The sintered part is infiltrated in part or in whole with a molten metal compound to produce a functionally graded metal substrate having a density of at least 90% of theoretical. A heat-generating component such as a chip can be attached to the metal substrate for use in microelectronic packaging. When the functionally-graded metal substrate has two discrete compositions of copper/tungsten the surrounding body which has a CTE that ranges from about 5.6ppm/.degree. C. to about 7 ppm/.degree. C.

Abstract: This disclosure sets forth a microwave sintering process for green oxide particles introduced from a source such as a hopper or a container, a downwardly directed funnel and a discharge outlet from the funnel. Particles are introduced into an elongate rotatable tube. The tube is inclined at a controlled angle. Particles traverse the tube, passing through a central heating zone between inlet and outlet. The time interval of the particles in the heating zone is controlled by adjustment of the angle of inclination, particle size, and rotation rate to assure that all particles are processed and converted from green to sintered oxide particles.

Abstract: For bonding pure beryllium to a copper alloy, a functionally gradient beryllium-copper material comprising a single layer or multiple layers having a thickness of 0.3-3.0 mm and containing at least 50 atomic % of Cu is inserted between the pure beryllium and the copper alloy to prevent bonding strength from degrading in the bonding process or during operation of a nuclear fusion reactor, by effectively mitigating formation of brittle intermetallic compounds and generation of thermal stress at the bonding interface.

Abstract: Disclosed is a hard molybdenum alloy which exhibits an excellent wear resistance against sliding wear and adhesive wear in a high temperature nonlubricating atmosphere, comprising at least one of nickel (Ni) and cobalt (Co) in an amount of from 14.0 to 43.0% by weight, silicon (Si) in an amount of from 3.0 to 8.0% by weight and molybdenum (Mo) in an amount of not less than 20.0% by weight. Also disclosed is a wear resistant alloy which includes the above hard molybdenum alloy as a reinforcing phase.