Abstract: A method and composition for removing sulfur from molten ferrous material, particularly molten pig iron. The desulfurization agent includes a magnesium particle coated with a heat absorbing compound. The heat absorbing compound absorbs heat around the magnesium particle to reduce the rate the magnesium particle vaporizes in the molten iron. The particle size of the magnesium particle is at least about twice the particle size of the heat absorbing compound. A bonding agent can be used to bond the particles of the heat absorbing compound to the particle of magnesium.

Abstract: A treatment agent and method to introduce magnesium into ferrous material. The treatment agent includes a mixture of high melting temperature particles and magnesium particles. The content of high melting temperature particles in the particle mixture is present in an effective amount to inhibit the complete conversion of the magnesium particles into molten magnesium prior to the magnesium particles entering the ferrous material. The method describes the efficient treatment of molten ferrous material with these particles.

Abstract: A method and composition for removing sulfur from molten ferrous material, particularly molten pig iron. The desulfurization agent includes a magnesium particle coated with a heat absorbing compound. The heat absorbing compound absorbs heat around the magnesium particle to reduce the rate the magnesium particle vaporizes in the molten iron. The particle size of the magnesium particle is at least about twice the particle size of the heat absorbing compound. A bonding agent can be used to bond the particles of the heat absorbing compound to the particle of magnesium.

Abstract: An additive for use in producing spheroidal graphite cast iron of the present invention contains a fine particle of magnesium oxide having a purity of 90 weight % or more and at least one selected from the group consisting of a graphite-spheroidizing material, an inoculant and a graphite-spheroidizing inoculant. The fine particle of highly pure magnesium oxide increases the number of nuclei in a melt, and as a result thereof, increases the graphite spheroid count of a spheroidal graphite cast iron being produced. Another additive for use in producing spheroidal graphite cast iron of the present invention contains at least one selected from the group consisting of a graphite-spheroidizing material, an inoculant and a graphite-spheroidizing inoculant, and an oxide of a metal which has, at a temperature of a melt at a time when subjected to a graphite-spheroidizing treatment, an affinity for oxygen smaller than that of a graphite-spheroidizing element being used in the graphite-spheroidizing treatment.

Abstract: The present invention provides an inoculation wire consisting of a hollow wire, containing powdered ferrosilicon, with a sheeth of steel, copper, nickel or aluminum alloy, for the production of cast iron with spheroidal graphite or vermicular graphite, wherein the filling contains 1 to 50% by volume of powdered magnesium silicide.

Abstract: A process for treating molten cast iron in an open ladle by means of pure magnesium is proposed, wherein the pure magnesium is introduced in a multiplicity of very small magnesium particles, coated with a protective layer, into the molten cast iron.The protective layer, which protects the magnesium from premature melting and controls the reaction rate, is produced from ceramics.The process can be carried out with very simple equipment. Involved pretreatments of the treatment agent are unnecessary.

Abstract: Metallurgical treatment agents for molten ferrous metals e.g. iron and steel and suitable for e.g. desulphurizing molten iron and steel comprise particulate magnesium coated with a first coating of a hydrophobic compound and a second coating of a particulate refractory material. The coated magnesium possesses improved flowability and is less prone to premature reaction when subjected to a high temperatures. The hydrophobic compound provides the magnesium with enhanced protection against hydration than may be obtained by a refractory coating alone.

Abstract: A process for removing impurities from molten metal by propelling a bullet toward and into the molten metal at a velocity sufficient for the bullet to penetrate, vaporize, and react with the impurities. The bullet contains a reactive substance, is heavier than the molten metal, and is formed of a metal or metals which are to remain with the molten metal when it is solidified.