Abstract: An apparatus includes a fluidized bed vessel with inlet ports arranged to receive at least one feed stream comprising calcium oxide, calcium carbonate, water, and a fluidizing gas into a fluidized bed vessel. The calcium oxide contacts the water to initiate a hydrating reaction to produce calcium hydroxide and heat. The fluidized bed vessel is configured to operate with a fluidization velocity that fluidizes and separates at least a portion of the calcium carbonate and at least a portion of the calcium oxide into a first fluidization regime, and at least a portion of the calcium hydroxide and at least another portion of the calcium oxide into a second fluidization regime. The apparatus further includes a heat transfer assembly configured to transfer heat of the hydrating reaction to the calcium carbonate, and a cyclone configured to separate a portion of the fluidization gas from a portion of at least one of the calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate or calcium oxide.

Abstract: A reaction system includes a wellbore extending from a surface into a subterranean heat source. The reaction system further includes a reaction chamber configured to be maintained at a reaction temperature using heat from the subterranean heat source. The reaction system further includes one or more inlet conduits. The inlet conduits are configured to provide one or more feed streams to the reaction chamber. The reaction system also includes outlet conduits configured to allow flow of one or more product streams.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and a plant for producing hydrogen by steam reforming and high-temperature electrolysis. Steam reforming produces a synthesis gas from a carbon-containing starting material and steam. Process heat generated in the context of the steam reforming is utilized for producing steam from water. Thus-produced steam is utilized as reactant for producing an electrolysis product in a high-temperature electrolysis step, wherein the electrolysis product includes at least hydrogen and oxygen. Hydrogen is separated from the synthesis gas produced by steam reforming and from the electrolysis product produced by high-temperature electrolysis.

Abstract: An X-ray-based test device for a plugging removal effect of a sulfur dissolvent on a sulfur deposition rock sample includes a constant speed and pressure pump, a first intermediate container, a second intermediate container, a first pressure transmitter, a core holder, a second pressure transmitter, a first electric pump, a third intermediate container, a back-pressure valve, a gas flow meter, an H2S neutralization tank, a second electric pump, a back-pressure transmitter, a confining pressure transmitter, an X-ray generator, an X-ray detector and a thermotank. A sour gas sample is placed in the first intermediate container, and nitrogen is filled in the second intermediate container. The sulfur dissolvent is placed into the third intermediate container. A confining pressure inlet is formed in the core holder. The test device may be used for evaluating the plugging removal effect of the sulfur dissolvent injected into the sulfur deposition rock sample.

Abstract: Systems and methods for carbon capture using produced water are provided. One such system includes a direct air capture (DAC) subsystem. The DAC subsystem includes an air inlet configured to receive a flow of air comprising carbon dioxide, a water inlet configured to receive a flow of produced water from a production system. The DAC subsystem also includes one or more air-water contactors configured to contact the flow of air with the flow of produced water to dissolve carbon dioxide from the air into the produced water to produce a treated air and a water output, where the water output includes a carbon rich aqueous solution including dissolved carbon dioxide, carbonic acid, carbonate anions, bicarbonate anions, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating a growth medium via an electrical discharge, the apparatus includes a treatment chamber, at least a reservoir, a plasma reactor, an injector, an pressure regulation system, and in ignition unit including a voltage source configured to provide an electrical voltage, a converter configured to convert the electrical voltage from a DC voltage input to an AC voltage output, and an electrical connection interface configured to electrically connect the converter to an electrode of a pair of electrodes disposed in the plasma reactor, a feedback mechanism comprising a sensor configured to detect reaction data, and a control module configured to initiate a generation of an electrical discharge in a reaction region as a function of the AC voltage output, wherein the reaction region is configured to enable an interaction between the electrical discharge and a growth medium.

Abstract: A method for producing a biofuel by continuous or discontinuous steam cracking of lignocellulosic biomass, comprises: —recording a digital model of the optimal steam cracking parameters as a function of the typology of the plant constituents of the biomass; —supplying the steam cracking reactor with heterogeneous biomass; —measuring at least once during the treatment the typology of the plant constituents of the biomass; and —controlling the adjustment of the steam cracking parameters as a function of the typology of the plant constituents of the measured biomass and of the digital model.

Abstract: Process for producing hydrogen gas from water is disclosed. The hydrogen gas is produced by exposing a reactive metal to an aqueous solution, where the aqueous solution is under supercritical conditions or is at a temperature of at least 200° C. and at a pressure of at least the saturated vapor pressure of water at said temperature. The reactive metals include Al, B, Mg, Si, Ti, Mn, and Zn. Heat and metal oxides and/or metal hydroxides may also be recovered from the process. The process may be used to produce hydrogen on demand in applications for producing clean energy.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for continuously producing composite nanoparticles, the method comprising heating a precursor mixture with supercritical water, wherein the mixture contains a first compound capable of transitioning from a monoclinic to a tetragonal rutile crystal state; cooling the heated mixture to obtain core particles of a predetermined shape and size; encapsulating the core particle with a second precursor to create a core-shell construct; and encapsulating the construct with an organic material. Also provided is a device for continuously synthesizing composite nanoparticles, the device comprising a water supply and a precursor supply; a means for heating the water, a continuous flow hydrothermal reaction chamber adapted to receive the heated water and precursor, a means for chilling the heated water and precursor, and a capping agent supply positioned downstream of the reaction chamber.

Abstract: [Problem] To provide: a film which is for aging meat and which is relatively easy to treat and allows meat to be aged more safely and effectively; and a film which is for preserving meat and can effectively suppress the deterioration of color or the like of fresh meat. [Solution] The present invention relates to a film for preserving meat, the film being characterized by: (1) including a hydrogen generating layer containing hydrogen generating particles which can generate a molecular hydrogen upon reacting with water; and (2) using the film in a state in which the hydrogen generating layer is directly contacted with the surface of the meat.

Abstract: One or more techniques and/or systems are disclosed for a new coolant tank that may also provide a structural element to the frame of the engine compartment. The coolant tank is comprised of a rear wall that also makes up a portion of the firewall in the engine compartment. A structural coolant tank component is engaged with the rear wall to form the coolant reservoir. The coolant reservoir can provide support to attach structural elements of the vehicle, and can also allow for improved space efficiency in the engine compartment. Further, improved access to the filling port is provided, while continued operation and desired function is maintained even at extreme vehicle tilt.

Abstract: The invention relates to a structured catalyst for catalyzing steam methane reforming reaction in a given temperature range T upon bringing a hydrocarbon feed gas into contact with the structured catalyst. The structured catalyst comprises a macroscopic structure, which comprises an electrically conductive material and supports a ceramic coating. The macroscopic structure has been manufactured by 3D printing or extrusion and subsequent sintering, wherein the macroscopic structure and the ceramic coating have been sintered in an oxidizing atmosphere in order to form chemical bonds between the ceramic coating and the macroscopic structure. The ceramic coating supports catalytically active material arranged to catalyze the steam methane reforming reaction, wherein the macroscopic structure is arranged to conduct an electrical current to supply an energy flux to the steam methane reforming reaction.

Abstract: A liquid desiccant regenerator configured to produce a first output stream with a higher concentration of a liquid desiccant than a first input stream. The regenerator also produces a second output stream with a lower concentration of the liquid desiccant than a second input stream. Regeneration of the liquid desiccant in the liquid desiccant regenerator decreases a temperature of the liquid desiccant regenerator. The system includes an air contactor coupled to the first output stream and exposing an input air stream to the first output stream. The first output stream absorbs water from the input air stream to form at least one diluted output desiccant stream. A heat pump of the system is thermally coupled to move the heat from the first output stream to the liquid desiccant regenerator. The heat moved to the liquid desiccant regenerator increases an efficiency of the liquid desiccant regenerator.

Abstract: A method for producing hydrogen by thermochemical splitting of water includes injecting one or more feed streams of water into a reaction chamber. The method further includes using a molten salt heated by a subterranean heat source to carry out the thermochemical splitting of water to form hydrogen and oxygen in the reaction chamber. The formed products are subsequently removed from the reaction chamber. Hydrogen formed in the reaction chamber may be used in a downstream process to generate hydrocarbons.

Abstract: A reaction system includes a wellbore extending from a surface into a subterranean heat source. The reaction system further includes a reaction chamber configured to be maintained at a reaction temperature using heat from the subterranean heat source. The reaction system further includes one or more inlet conduits. The inlet conduits are configured to provide one or more feed streams to the reaction chamber. The reaction system also includes outlet conduits configured to allow flow of one or more product streams.

Abstract: Herein discussed is a hydrogen production system comprising: a catalytic partial oxidation (CPOX) reactor; a steam generator; and an electrochemical (EC) reactor; wherein the CPOX reactor product stream is introduced into the EC reactor and the steam generator provides steam to the EC reactor; and wherein the product stream and the steam do not come in contact with each other in the EC reactor. In an embodiment, the EC reactor generates a first product stream comprising CO and CO2 and a second product stream comprising H2 and H2O, wherein the two product streams do not come in contact with each other.

Abstract: A method of operating a mass spectrometer vacuum interface, the vacuum interface comprising an evacuated expansion chamber downstream of a plasma ion source at atmospheric or relatively high pressure, the expansion chamber having a first aperture that interfaces with the plasma ion source to form an expanding plasma downstream of the first aperture and a second aperture downstream of the first aperture from the plasma for skimming the expanding plasma to form a skimmed expanding plasma; wherein the expansion chamber is pumped by an interface vacuum pump to provide an interface pressure in the chamber; the method comprising using a controller to automatically, or according to user input, control the throughput of the interface vacuum pump to control the interface pressure dependent on one or more operating modes of the spectrometer. A pressure gauge can be located in the expansion chamber and a feedback loop provided between the pressure gauge and controller.

Abstract: Some variations provide a new nanolignocellulose composition comprising, on a bone-dry, ash-free, and acetyl-free basis, from 35 wt % to 80 wt % cellulose nanofibrils, cellulose microfibrils, or a combination thereof, from 15 wt % to 45 wt % lignin, and from 5 wt % to 20 wt % hemicelluloses. The hemicelluloses may contain xylan or mannan as the major component. Novel properties arise from the hemicellulose content that is intermediate between high hemicellulose content of raw biomass and low hemicellulose content of conventional nanocellulose. The nanolignocellulose composition is hydrophobic due to the presence of lignin. Processes for making and using the nanolignocellulose compositions are also described.

Abstract: Hydrocarbon-bearing formation treatment fluid compositions and systems. Methods of hydraulic fracturing a hydrocarbon-bearing formation and/or mitigating well-to-well communication between an infill well and an adjacent well.

Abstract: A method for removing nitrogen oxides NOx from a gaseous current, comprising the steps of: passing the gaseous current through a de-NOx catalytic bed with iron exchanged zeolite as a catalyst with the addition of ammonia as a reducing agent, wherein the molar ratio of NH3 over NOx is greater than 1.33.

Abstract: A syngas generator is disclosed as an exothermic gas generator that can accommodate high combustion temperatures of a natural gas/oxygen flame. The generator consists of four sections: a heavily insulated combustion chamber, a catalyst chamber, a spray chamber, and a heat exchanger. These four sections may be arranged in series and tightly bolted together to form a gas-tight system. Natural gas, oxygen and steam are supplied to a burner at the inlet end of the combustion chamber. This mixture is ignited and the resulting hot process gas is then fed into a catalyst bed where it reacts with the steam and is converted to carbon monoxide and hydrogen (syngas). The syngas is fed to a Fischer-Tropsch unit to create liquid fuel.

Abstract: A hydrogen mixed gas generation apparatus includes a superheated vapor heating part that heats a raw water to generate a superheated vapor and further heats the superheated vapor to produce a mixed gas that includes a hydrogen gas, and a communication part that is communicable with a predetermined terminal device and transmits information to the terminal device. The superheated vapor heating part houses a reduction acceleration member and includes a heating pipe where the raw water flows therein, and a coil heater that is wound around the heating pipe. The reduction acceleration member includes a first metal member that is formed of a stainless steel and includes a cylindrical part where rod bodies respectively extend from both ends thereof and a second metal member that is formed of an iron and steel material and is housed in the cylindrical part in a state where a plurality thereof are bundled.

Abstract: Embodiments herein provide a plenum separator for removing excess oil from fried food items, and then separating the oil from an air/oil mixture. A system for feeding fried food items with excess oil thereon may extend across and above the width of the plenum. A sink may be disposed at a bottom of the plenum. A blower typically draws air from the second end of the pipe, causing the air/oil mixture to be drawn into the slot and through the inner channel, with at least a portion of the air in the air/oil mixture passing through the opening in the pipe, with at least a portion of the oil in the air/oil mixture falling to the sink, and with at least a portion of the air/oil mixture passing from the inner channel to the outer channel and through the elongated aperture to be recirculated through the inner channel.

Abstract: A method of recovering heat from a Natural Gas Liquid (NGL) fractionation plant for production of potable water. The method includes heating a buffer fluid via a heat exchanger in the NGL fractionation plant to transfer heat from the NGL fractionation plant to the buffer fluid. The method includes heating feed water with the buffer fluid discharged from the heat exchanger for production of potable water via a multi-effect-distillation (MED) system. The method may include producing potable water with heat from the buffer fluid in the MED system.

Abstract: Process for manufacturing highly porous slake lime comprising a feeding step of quicklime, a feeding step of water in a feeding zone of a hydrator, a slaking step of said quicklime in a slaking zone of said hydrator and a maturation step in a maturation zone of said hydrator to form slaked lime.

Abstract: A reactor includes: a main reactor core including main reaction flow channels through which the raw material fluid flows, and main temperature control flow channels through which the heat medium flows along a flow direction of the raw material fluid flowing in the main reaction flow channel; and a pre-reactor core including pre-reaction flow channels of which an outlet side connects with an inlet side of the main reaction flow channels and through which the raw material fluid flows, and pre-temperature control flow channels of which an inlet side connects with an outlet side of the main reaction flow channels and through which the product serving as the heat medium flows along a flow direction of the raw material fluid flowing in the pre-reaction flow channel.

Abstract: A thermochemical energy storage system and method of storing thermal energy are disclosed. The energy storing system described herein comprises a reactor comprising a CO2 sorbent comprising i) CaO and mayenite or ii) Li4SiO4, or a combination thereof, and b) a CO2 source, wherein the CO2 source is in fluid communication with the reactor to allow flow of CO2 between the CO2 source and the reactor. Further, methods are disclosed for storing thermal energy through a wide temperature range.

Abstract: A method includes transferring at least one feed stream including calcium oxide, calcium carbonate, water, and a fluidizing gas into a fluidized bed; contacting the calcium oxide with the water; based on contacting the calcium oxide with the water, initiating a hydrating reaction; producing, from the hydrating reaction, calcium hydroxide and heat; transferring a portion of the heat of the hydrating reaction to the calcium carbonate; and fluidizing the calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, and the calcium carbonate into a first fluidization regime and a second fluidization regime. The first fluidization regime includes at least a portion of the calcium carbonate and at least a portion of the calcium oxide, and the second fluidization regime includes at least a portion of the calcium hydroxide and at least another portion of the calcium oxide. The first fluidization regime is different than the second fluidization regime.

Abstract: In aspects of the disclosure, a fuel cartridge wherein the fuel is in a powdered form is admixed with inert materials such as alumina or other ceramics to improve thermal conductivity. Said cartridge having fuel zones, heating zones, and controllers to selectively heat fuel zones and thereby generate hydrogen via decomposition of fuel is disclosed.

Abstract: A radiant heat chemical reactor is configured to generate chemical products including synthesis gas products. Two or more tubes in the radiant heat chemical reactor separate an exothermic heat source, such as flames and gas from a regenerative burner, from the endothermic reaction of the reactant gas occurring within the cavity of the refractory vessel. The exothermic heat source heats a space inside the tubes. One or more feed lines supply chemical reactants to the cavity area between an inner wall of the cavity of the refractory vessel of the chemical reactor and the two or more tubes that are internally heated located with the cavity.

Abstract: A system and method of collecting and transporting exhaust gases, preferably gases generated via the burning of fossil fuels, to a remote treatment facility. The exhaust gases include greenhouse gases, airborne particulates, and other pollutants. The present system comprises a gas extraction cap for collecting exhaust gas emitted from a point source of pollution, a pump for drawing water from a water source, a means for mixing the captured exhaust gas with the drawn water, a pipeline for transporting the gas-water solution to a remote treatment facility, and one or more high-pressure boilers for separating the water from the gas-water solution, leaving the exhaust gases available for treatment at the facility. Once the gas-water mixture arrives at the processing location, it then goes through one or more boiling steps in order to separate the water from the captured gases.

Abstract: A system includes a syngas cooler and a compatible seal gas system. The syngas cooler may be configured to cool a syngas. The compatible seal gas system may be configured to supply a compatible seal gas to a seal of the syngas cooler. The seal may be configured to block the syngas from a passage between an outer wall of the syngas cooler and a tube cage of the syngas cooler.

Abstract: The following invention relates to a novel and efficient nanoparticles synthesis reactor and process production. More particularly, the present invention is applied to the synthesis of nanostructured tin dioxide. The benefits provided by the invention can be seen in various gaseous reactions where occurs the formation of solid and gaseous phases.

Abstract: A device includes a case having a surface with a perforation and a cavity. A membrane is supported by the case inside the cavity and has an impermeable valve plate positioned proximate the perforation. The membrane is water vapor permeable and gas impermeable and flexes responsive to a difference in pressure between the cavity and outside the cavity to selectively allow water vapor to pass through the perforation into the cavity as a function of the difference in pressure.

Abstract: A fracking fluid hydration unit is provided that has a plurality of hydration tank sections wherein shear is added to the hydrated fluid flow via a recirculation hydrated fluid jetting system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing hydrogen, with reduced carbon dioxide emissions, from a hydrocarbon mixture. In said method, the hydrocarbon mixture is reformed so as to produce a synthetic gas that is cooled, then treated in a shift reactor so as to be enriched with H2 and CO2. Optionally dried, said mixture is treated in a PSA hydrogen purification unit in order to produce hydrogen. The residue is treated by means of partial condensation with a view to capturing CO4 before said residue is sent as fuel to reforming.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a system and method of sustainable economic development, such as development through an integrated production of renewable energy, material resources, and nutrient regimes. In some embodiments, the system utilizes resources extracted from renewable energy sources to assist in the capture of energy from other renewable energy sources. In some embodiments, the system utilizes energy from renewable energy sources to extract resources from other renewable energy sources.

Abstract: A reaction system suitable for production of a methionine salt contains a reactive rectification column containing a weir having a height of 100 mm or more.

Abstract: The present invention provides a membrane reaction apparatus for recovering heat of reaction, which includes a membrane reactor. The said membrane reactor includes a reaction pipeline, a membrane and a sweep pipeline. The reaction pipeline has a reaction space, and an exothermic reaction occurs therein, which generates product gas and heat of reaction. Part of the product gas penetrates through the membrane around the reaction space and enters into the sweep pipeline. Sweeping gas enters into the sweep pipeline and carries the product gas and the heat of reaction away. It is feasible to wrap the product gas around the sweep pipeline, for enhancing the heat transfer from the product gas to the sweeping gas. The heat of reaction brought by the sweeping gas can be further released in a heat exchanger. so that the heat of reaction is available to be recovered and used for other endothermic processes.

Abstract: A apparatus for treating ballast water with acrolein which is to be connected to a main ballast water line of a ballast water unit, comprises a reactor device to which acrolein derivate and water is to be fed for generating an aqueous acrolein solution, a branch line which is connected to the main ballast water line for branching off a partial ballast water stream, and a mixing device which is connected to the branch line and an acrolein solution supply line from the reactor device and is designed for diluting the aqueous acrolein solution from the reactor device, and a feed device for supplying the aqueous acrolein solution from the mixing unit to the main ballast water line.

Abstract: A hydrogen production apparatus includes a burner, a combustion tube provided so as to surround flame of the burner, a reforming unit provided so as to surround the tube, an exhaust gas flow path provided so as to pass through between the tube and the unit, fold back at the other side of the unit, and extend through outside of the unit on a predetermined side, a low temperature shift unit provided on one of inside and outside of an extending portion of the flow path that extends on the predetermined side so as to extend along the extending portion, and a preferential oxidation unit provided on the other of the inside and the outside of the extending portion so as to extend along the extending portion.

Abstract: A system and method for producing Syngas from the CO2 in a gaseous stream, such as an exhaust stream, from a power plant or industrial plant, like a cement kiln, is disclosed. A preferred embodiment includes providing the gaseous stream to pyrolysis reactor along with a carbon source such as coke. The CO2 and carbon are heated to about 1330° C. and at about one atmosphere with reactants such as steam such that a reaction takes place that produces Syngas, carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen (H2). The Syngas is then cleaned and provided to a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor to produce Ethanol or Bio-catalytic synthesis reactor.

Abstract: A system including a mixing apparatus configured to produce a reformer feedstock and comprising one or more cylindrical vessel having a conical bottom section, an inlet for superheated steam within the conical bottom section and an inlet for at least one carbonaceous material at or near the top of the cylindrical vessel, wherein the one or more cylindrical vessel is a pressure vessel configured for operation at a pressure in the range of from about 5 psig (34.5 kPa) to about 50 psig (344.7 kPa); a reformer configured to produce, from the reformer feedstock, a reformer product comprising synthesis gas, and also producing a hot flue gas; a synthesis gas conversion apparatus configured to catalytically convert at least a portion of the synthesis gas in the reformer product into synthesis gas conversion product, and to separate, from the synthesis gas conversion product, a spent catalyst stream and a tailgas.

Abstract: A power station-based methanation system which has a fossil fuel-fired power station together with an electrolysis unit and a methanation reactor is provided. The power station and the electrolysis unit are configured for supplying the methanation reactor with starting materials for a methanation reaction and the electrolysis unit can be operated both in a charging state and in a discharging state, in which charging state the electrolysis unit supplies electric power and a chemical energy store is at the same time charged and in which discharging state the chemical energy store is discharged.

Abstract: A bottom fraction of a product of a hydrocatalytic reaction is gasified to generate hydrogen for use in further hydrocatalytic reactions. In one embodiment, one or more volatile organic compounds is also vaporized using heat generated in the gasification process. In one embodiment, an overhead fraction of the hydrocatalytic reaction is further processed to generate higher molecular weight compounds. In another embodiment, a product of the further processing is separated into a bottom fraction and an overhead fraction, where the bottom fraction is also gasified to generate hydrogen for use in further hydrocatalytic reactions.

Abstract: A bottom fraction of a product of a hydrocatalytic reaction is gasified to generate hydrogen for use in further hydrocatalytic reactions. In one embodiment, one or more volatile organic compounds is also vaporized using heat generated in the gasification process. In one embodiment, an overhead fraction of the hydrocatalytic reaction is further processed to generate higher molecular weight compounds. In another embodiment, a product of the further processing is separated into a bottom fraction and an overhead fraction, where the bottom fraction is also gasified to generate hydrogen for use in further hydrocatalytic reactions.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and apparatus ultimately for converting a carbonaceous material to liquid hydrocarbons suitable for use, for example, as transportation fuels. In a first step the carbonaceous material is converted to a syngas product, and in subsequent steps the syngas product is converted to the desired liquid hydrocarbons. In one embodiment, coal and methane are converted to syngas, and the syngas product is converted to hydrocarbons through a methanol intermediate. An example use for the methods and apparatus of the invention is in the preparation of aviation fuels.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein generally relate to a reforming chamber housing a hydrocarbon-water mixture and receiving a control voltage signal to cause molecular breakdown of the mixture and create a feed of hydrogen and carbon and dioxide that can be supplied to fuel cells. The reforming chamber includes multiple electrodes positioned across from a ground plane inside a cylindrical support structure. An input tube receives and directs the mixture to the vertical cavity where the mixture rises past the electrodes. Mixture that is not broken down is recycled back to the bottom of the vertical cavity by a fan while the resultant hydrogen and carbon dioxide is allowed to rise to a trap that separates the hydrogen from the carbon dioxide. The hydrogen can then be directed to the fuel cells or other hydrogen-dependent devices.

Abstract: A hydrogen generation apparatus is configured to be supplied with a raw material containing a hydrocarbon component and generate a hydrogen-containing fuel gas. The hydrogen generation apparatus includes: a reformer configured to cause a reforming reaction of a mixed gas of the raw material and steam; a combustor configured to combust a combustible gas to heat the reformer; a hydrodesulfurizer configured to be supplied with heat from the reformer, and cause a reaction between sulfur in the raw material that is to be supplied to the reformer and hydrogen to remove the sulfur from the raw material; a first heat insulating material disposed between the hydrodesulfurizer and the reformer; and a heat equalizing plate disposed between the hydrodesulfurizer and the first heat insulating material.

Abstract: A method for converting carbon dioxide in flue gas into natural gas using dump energy. The method includes: 1) transforming and rectifying a voltage of dump energy generated from a renewable energy plant, introducing the voltage-transformed and rectified dump energy into an electrolyte solution to electrolyze water therein to yield H2 and O2; 2) purifying industrial flue gas to separate CO2 therein and purifying CO2; 3) transporting H2 generated and CO2 to a synthesis equipment, allowing a methanation reaction between H2 and CO2 to happen to yield a high-temperature mixed gas with main ingredients of CH4 and water vapor; 4) employing the high-temperature mixed gas to conduct indirect heat exchange with process water to yield superheated water vapor; 5) delivering the superheated water vapor to a turbine to generate electric energy, and returning the electric energy to step 1); and 6) condensing and drying the mixed gas.