Abstract: Aluminum can be used as a fuel source when reacted with water if its native surrounding oxide coating is penetrated with a gallium-based eutectic. When discrete aluminum objects are treated in a heated bath of eutectic, the eutectic penetrates the oxide coating. After the aluminum objects are treated, the aluminum objects can be reacted in a reactor to produce hydrogen which can, for example, react with oxygen in a fuel cell to produce electricity, for use in a variety of applications.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a self-deodorizing composting system, comprising an outer membrane, an inner membrane, an air-ribbed cage and a deodorizing base, wherein two deodorizing bases are provided; the outer membrane and the inner membrane are held by the air-ribbed cage, with both ends of the outer membrane and the inner membrane respectively fixed to the two deodorizing bases, whereby a closed space is formed between the outer membrane and the inner membrane; the inner side of the inner membrane is used for placing the composting piles, with the malodor and water vapor generated from the composting piles entering into the closed space formed between the outer membrane and the inner membrane through the inner membrane, so that the water vapor is condensed into the water in the closed space, and the malodor molecules are absorbed and dissolved into the condensed water, thus forming the waste water which falls along the inner side of the outer membrane and the outer side of the inner membrane to the b

Abstract: A method of tracking the rate of corrosion of a metal conduit traversed by a corrosive fluid, in which is provided a device arranged so as to form, when said device is installed on a wall of the metal conduit, a chamber able to receive gaseous hydrogen issuing by permeation across said wall of said conduit, the method comprising: (i) a step of treatment to eliminate a metallic species from the chamber, (ii) a step of measuring a quantity of hydrogen received in the chamber, with a view to estimating the rate of corrosion of the metal conduit.

Abstract: A separator for separating solid particles from a vapor-gas mixture includes a dust chamber with a main body having an inlet for a vapor-gas mixture containing semi-coke particles and an outlet chute in a bottom of the main body for removal of semi-coke particles. The main body is covered with an external insulation. The separator also includes a cyclone, wherein an upper part of the main body is connected to an inlet of the cyclone for removal of fine semi-coke particles from the vapor-gas mixture. A screw conveyor unit is connected to a bottom part of the main body.

Abstract: A reactor assembly having a plurality of reaction chambers defined therein is provided. The reactor assembly includes a fluid flow module that provides a pressurized control flow of fluid from an open container. In another embodiment, the reactor block includes a plurality of passageways defined over a surface of a substrate to accommodate the combinatorial processing in order to obtain multiple data points from a single substrate.

Abstract: A system and methods for forming carbon allotropes are described. The system includes a reactor configured to use a catalyst to form a carbon allotrope from a feed stock in a Bosch reaction. The catalyst includes a roughened metal surface.

Abstract: A method for transforming a selected polymeric material into a plurality of reaction products via supercritical water is disclosed. The method comprises: conveying the selected polymeric material through an extruder, wherein the extruder is configured to continuously convey the selected polymeric material to a supercritical fluid reaction zone; injecting hot compressed water into the supercritical fluid reaction zone, while the extruder is conveying the selected polymeric material into the supercritical fluid reaction zone so as to yield a mixture; retaining the mixture within the reaction zone for a period of time sufficient to yield the plurality of reaction products. The reaction zone may be characterized by a tubular reactor having an adjustably positionable inner tubular spear, wherein the tubular reactor and the inner tubular spear further define an annular space within the reaction zone, and wherein the mixture flows through the annular space and into a reaction products chamber.

Abstract: A method and device for the wet oxidation treatment of liquid waste laden with mineral matter in suspension. The device comprises a reactor including a treatment column, first and second heat exchangers placed upstream and downstream, respectively, of the reactor. The solution to be treated, laden with mineral matter to which an oxidizing gas has been added, is injected into the reactor for treatment after being preheated in the first heat exchanger. When the solution exits the reactor, the hot treated mixture is divided into two hot stream fragments. The first hot treated mixture stream fragment, the flow rate of which is kept constant by a diaphragm column, is used for controlling the temperature of the first heat exchanger and then discharged after being used in the first heat exchanger. The second hot treated mixture stream fragment is directly cooled and discharged when the second hot treated mixture stream fragment leaves the reactor.

Abstract: The invention is directed to processes for treating biosolids that result in high-value, nitrogen-containing, slow-release, organically-augmented inorganic fertilizer that are competitive with less valuable or more costly conventional commercially manufactured fertilizers. The process involves conditioning traditional waste-water biosolids and processing the conditioned biosolids continuously in a high throughput manufacturing facility. The exothermic design and closed loop control of the primary reaction vessel decreases significantly the amount of power necessary to run a manufacturing facility. The process utilizes green technologies to facilitate decreased waste and enhanced air quality standards over traditional processing plants. The fertilizer produced from recovered biosolid waste is safe and meets or exceeds the United States Environment Protection Agency (USEPA) Class A and Exceptional Quality standards and is not subject to restrictions or regulations.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved method for solvent liquefaction of biomass to produce liquid products such as transportation fuel. The method uses a novel solvent combination that promotes liquefaction relatively quickly, and it reduces the need to transport large amounts of hydrogen or hydrogen-carrying solvents. It operates at lower pressure than previous methods, does not require a catalyst or hydrogen gas or CO input, and provides very high conversion of biomass into a bio-oil that can be further processed in a petroleum refinery. It also beneficially provides a way to recycle a portion of the crude liquefaction product for use as part of the solvent combination for the biomass liquefaction reaction.

Abstract: A system and method for desensitizing an explosive material using a vacuum vessel having an enclosed volume. The explosive material is placed in the enclosed volume of the vacuum vessel, and immersed in a desensitizing liquid also in the enclosed volume. The pressure in the enclosed volume is reduced with respect to atmospheric pressure conditions to at least partially saturate the explosive material with the desensitizing liquid.

Abstract: A controlled release and self-resealing vessel assembly for high pressure microwave assisted chemistry is disclosed. The vessel assembly includes a microwave-transparent, heat expandable reaction vessel having at least two cylindrical portions axially adjacent one another, with one of the portions having a diameter larger than the diameter of the other portion. A transition portion is between the two cylindrical portions, the vessel mouth is in the larger-diameter portion, and a cylindrical retaining sleeve surrounds the vessel.

Abstract: A continuous process for producing hydrogen peroxide by an anthraquinone process, comprising the steps of: (i) hydrogenating an organic working solution containing one or more anthraquinone derivatives in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst to form a hydrogenated working solution; (ii) oxidizing the hydrogenated working solution by introducing an oxygen-containing oxidizing gas at an overpressure into an oxidation reactor, and contacting the oxidizing gas with the hydrogenated working solution to form an oxidized working solution, whereby hydrogen peroxide is formed; (iii) withdrawing an oxidation off gas from the oxidation reactor; (iv) recovering the formed hydrogen peroxide from the oxidized working solution; (v) subjecting the oxidation off gas withdrawn from said oxidation reactor, which has an excess pressure over atmospheric pressure, to a demisting treatment to obtain a demisted oxidation off gas; and (vi) feeding the demisted oxidation off gas as propellant gas into a gas ejector to produce a va

Abstract: A system for devulcanizing rubber by contacting vulcanized rubber with a turpentine liquid in a reaction mixture in the absence of an alkali metal.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran and, more generally, cycloether derivatives through the cyclodehydration of 1,4- or 1,5-diols. More specifically, the process of the invention involves (i) the stereoselective cyclodehydration in water of 1,4- or 1,5-diols including at least one chiral tertiary alcohol functional group with retention of the initial chirality, and/or (ii) the cyclodehydration in water of 1,4- or 1,5-diols, said diols being non-miscible with and/or non-soluble in water, into corresponding cycloether derivatives, by bringing the reaction mixture to high temperature water (HTW) conditions and/or by mixing the aqueous reaction mixture with a solid catalyst, such as for example a smectite clay. Also, the use of the process for manufacturing ambrafuran, especially (?)-ambrafuran and other cycloether derivatives.

Abstract: A hydrogen gas generating apparatus for providing hydrogen gas to a fuel cell stack is provided. The apparatus includes an expandable reaction chamber containing a solid reactant component and a collapsible receptacle containing a liquid reactant component with a housing. The reaction chamber includes an expandable reactant zone defined by a moveable partition that retains the reactants and reaction products within the reaction chamber. The apparatus also includes a liquid transport control system and a fluid path for transporting the liquid reactant component from the collapsible receptacle to the reactant zone in the reaction chamber, where the liquid and solid reactant components react to generate hydrogen gas. The receptacle collapses with a corresponding expansion of the reaction chamber as liquid reactant component is used, and the reactant zone expands within the reaction chamber in response to pressure from the increasing volume of reaction products on the moveable partition.

Abstract: Fluffy powders, such as calcined kaolin clays or air floated clays, can be compacted using a process which comprises applying increasing amounts of pressure to a powder moving through a confinement area. The compacted product has an improved bulk density and improved wet out and slurry incorporation times as compared to the non-compacted starting material feed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a calcination apparatus, including: a calcination tube having open ends at both terminals; a pair of hoods, each hood covering each open end of the calcination tube; and a pair of rings, each ring sealing a gap between the calcination tube and the hood, wherein the rings are directly or indirectly fixed on an outer surface of the calcination tube; a groove is provided along a circumferential direction of the ring at a contact surface side between the ring and the hood; a sealed chamber surrounded by the hood and the groove is formed; and both the calcination tube and the rings rotate in a circumferential direction of the calcination tube while keeping the hood in contact with both sides of the groove.

Abstract: Digestion units for processing cellulosic biomass can comprise a chamber having a height that is greater than its width, the chamber having an opening suitable for solids introduction located within the upper 20% of its height; one or more first fluid conduits connected to the chamber within the lower 20% of its height, at least one of the first fluid conduits extending into the chamber and being elevated above the bottom of the chamber; one or more second fluid conduits connected to the chamber within the upper 20% of its height, at least one of the first fluid conduits being fluidly coupled to at least one of the second fluid conduits; a porous medium located in the chamber within the lower 20% of its height; and a movable pressure isolation device covering the opening; wherein the digestion unit is operable to maintain a pressure of at least about 30 bar.

Abstract: A gasification process and reactor for the production of syngas by gasification of a carbonaceous feed. The gasification reactor comprises a pressure vessel encasing a gasifier unit with a reactor chamber having its lower end opening into an open-ended skirt portion arranged above a slag collection bath. The skirt portion is arranged within the impacting scope of one or more rappers.

Abstract: The invention provides an improved instrument for automation of solid phase extraction chemistries typically used in biotechnology labs. The instrument includes a mechanism for transferring samples dissolved in a liquid from initial containers to reaction columns that are used to perform solid phase extractions. Samples, reaction columns and collection containers are in microtiter plate format or tubes that are on 18 millimeter centers. The transfer system is automatically cleaned after use in preparation for the next use. A dispense manifold is used to dispense various reagents into the reaction columns. Pressure differential is used to move reagents through reaction columns. A sliding cover is used to divert the reagent exiting reaction columns to waste or allowing collection of sample as it exits outlets of reaction columns. Samples are automatically collected in microtiter plates or in individual tubes or vials.

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment and associated method of use discloses a reversible hydrogen storage system that liberates hydrogen and a perlithiohydrocarbon compound by destabilization of a hydrocarbon source or sources with lithium hydride (LiH). The liberated hydrogen may be subsequently utilized in a coupled end-use application.

Abstract: A process for treating organic matter to convert it into a product comprises the step of contacting the organic matter with supercritical liquid whereby it reacts to form the product. The liquid may be heated by an external heating medium, or may be heated internally of the process by co-feeding an oxidising agent with the liquid. This agent can be in an amount that is predetermined to control the extent to which the reaction mixture is heated. The heat can be supplied to provide sufficient activation energy for the process reaction to occur with sufficient speed and for the liquid to attain sufficient characteristics to cause the reaction.

Abstract: A distributed energy system includes a gas-loaded heat generator capable of producing a thermal energy. The system includes a gas source to provide one or more isotopes of hydrogen, a plurality of metallic micro-structures, a gas loading chamber containing the plurality of metallic micro-structures. The gas loading chamber is structured to receive the one or more isotopes of hydrogen from the gas source. The system also includes a gas loading system capable of providing a gas loading pressure to the gas loading chamber containing the plurality of metallic micro-structures with an amount of one or more isotopes of hydrogen to form hydrogen clusters. In one form, the system further includes a thermal transducer capable of converting a first portion of the thermal energy. In still another form, the system additionally includes a waste heat recovery device capable of applying a second portion of the thermal energy.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optimized process and apparatus for more efficiently and economically carrying out the liquid-phase oxidation of an oxidizable compound. Such liquid-phase oxidation is carried out in a bubble column reactor that provides for a highly efficient reaction at relatively low temperatures. When the oxidized compound is para-xylene and the product from the oxidation reaction is crude terephthalic acid (CTA), such CTA product can be purified and separated by more economical techniques than could be employed if the CTA were formed by a conventional high-temperature oxidation process.

Abstract: A power source for actuation of a microfluidic device and related devices, methods and systems.

Abstract: The present discloses a method and a device for biogenic waste, or bio-waste treatment, and said method is as follows: Firstly, the biogenic waste is evenly mixed with water vapor, or steam, heating and pressurizing so that the temperature reaches 130-190° C. and the pressure reaches 1.5-1.9 MPa after mixture, and this state is maintained for 1-25 minutes; Then, the pressure of the mixture of said biogenic waste and water vapor is reduced to normal pressure, such as atmospheric pressure so as to conduct low-molecularization, such as decreasing or reduction of molecular weight of the biogenic waste to obtain a low-molecularized mixture, such as a low molecular weight mixture; finally, the low-molecularized mixture, such as low-molecular weight mixture is separated so as to obtain the final products. Said device includes reaction vessel, stirring device, vapor input device, pressure-reducing regulator and separation device.

Abstract: This invention relates to a composition comprising water and at least one ionic liquid, and also to devices capable of executing an absorption cycle using such compositions as a refrigerant pair. This invention also provides a method of cooling using an absorption cycle comprising water as the refrigerant and at least one ionic liquid as the absorbent. The present invention also provides a method of heating using an absorption cycle comprising water as the refrigerant and at least one ionic liquid.

Abstract: In a method for the continuous precipitation of lignin from black liquor black liquor is provided so as to flow as a pressurized flow in a reactor (2) with a dwell time of less than 300s,—an acidifying agent selected from the group of carbon dioxide, acid and their combinations is led to the flow at one or more feeding sites (2a) to lower the pH of black liquor,—the pH is allowed to decrease by the effect of the acidifying agent in the pressurized flow to the precipitation point of lignin, the pressure of the pressurized flow is abruptly released, and lignin particles are separated from black liquor.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for generating mercury (II) sulfide from elemental mercury. Elemental mercury is injected into a heated and sealed reaction vessel containing vaporized sulfur. The elemental mercury reacts with at least a portion of the vaporized sulfur to form the mercury (II) sulfide within the reaction vessel. The formed mercury (II) sulfide is then unloaded from the reaction vessel.

Abstract: In a reactor for the gasification of solid and liquid fuels in the entrained flow at temperatures between 1200 and 1900° C. and pressures between ambient pressure and 10 MPa with an oxidizing agent containing free oxygen, the cooling screen is connected in a gas-tight manner to the pressure shell via a bellows compensator to accommodate linear deformation. Continuous sweeping by gas of the annular gap between pressure shell and cooling screen is unnecessary and backflow by producer gas is prevented.

Abstract: In a reactor for gasification of entrained solid and liquid fuels at temperatures between 1,200 and 1,900° C. and at pressures between ambient pressure and 10 MPa using an oxidizing agent containing free oxygen, the cooling screen is connected to the pressure shell in a gastight manner via a sliding seal in order to allow length changes. Continuous gas purging of the annular gap between pressure shell and cooling screen is unnecessary and gasification gas is prevented from flowing behind.

Abstract: When processing cellulosic biomass, it may be desirable for a digestion unit to operate without being fully depressurized for process efficiency purposes. Methods for processing cellulosic biomass may comprise providing a biomass conversion system comprising a pressurization zone and a digestion unit that are operatively connected to one another; providing cellulosic biomass at a first pressure; introducing at least a portion of the cellulosic biomass into the pressurization zone and pressurizing the pressurization zone to a second pressure higher than the first pressure; after pressurizing the pressurization zone, transferring at least a portion of the cellulosic biomass from the pressurization zone to the digestion unit, which is at a third pressure that is less than or equal to the second pressure but higher than the first pressure; and digesting at least a portion of the cellulosic biomass in the digestion unit to produce a hydrolysate comprising soluble carbohydrates.

Abstract: A process unit comprising: (a) a first microchannel module comprising: (i) a first unit operation including microchannels, in which at least a portion of a unit operation takes place, adapted to be in fluid communication with a first inlet stream and a first outlet stream, and (ii) a second unit operation including microchannels adapted to be in thermal communication with the first unit operation, the second unit operation adapted to be in fluid communication with a second inlet stream and a second outlet stream; and (b) a pressurized vessel at least partially containing the first microchannel module adapted to be concurrently occupied by a compressive medium in thermal communication with the first microchannel module.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for producing starting materials, combustible substances and fuels from organic substances. Said claimed device comprises a reactor (10) that comprises an introduction device (11) for the organic substances, an evacuation device (12) for the reaction products and a device (13) for feeding reaction energy for the transformation of organic substances into reaction products. The invention is characterized in that the introduction device (11) comprises pneumatic means (24) for the supply of solid material.

Abstract: A reactor for treating a material in a medium. It includes a body (2) in which is defined a reaction area (10) capable of containing a reaction medium, at least one inlet for introducing the reaction medium into the reaction area, one outlet for discharging effluents out of the reaction area. A protective casing (8) positioned inside the body (2) delimits the reaction area (10). It is spaced apart from the body in order to delimit a confinement area (12) isolating the reaction area of the body. The reaction area and the confinement area are sealably isolated from each other.

Abstract: Systems and methods for operating transport reactors are provided. The method can include fluidizing one or more particulates within a transport reactor. The one or more particulates can include one or more carbonaceous materials. The method can also include maintaining one or more pressure differentials between two or more points within the transport reactor using at least one integrally geared compression system. The at least one integrally geared compression system can include a bull gear, at least one pinion, and two or more compressors.

Abstract: Overhung axial compressor, chemical reactor and method for compressing a fluid. The overhung axial compressor includes a casing configured to be vertically split along a vertical axis for access to an inside of the casing and a removable cartridge. The removable cartridge is configured to fit inside the casing and to be detachably attached to the casing. The removable cartridge includes a shaft disposed along a horizontal axis, the shaft being configured to rotate about the horizontal axis, a bearing system attached to the removable cartridge and configured to rotationally support a first end of the shaft, and plural blades disposed toward a second end of the shaft such that the second end is overhung inside the casing. The compressor also includes a guide vane mechanism configured to connect to the removable cartridge, the guide vane mechanism being configured to adjust a flow of a fluid to the plural blades.

Abstract: A gas generator includes a reactant capable of producing a gas and a gas outlet valve that can function as both a gas flow valve and a pressure relief vent, using the same gas flow path through the valve. When the valve is closed and the pressure within the gas generator is below a threshold pressure, a moveable valve member is biased against a valve seat to block the outlet port. When gas generator is coupled to the apparatus, an actuator is inserted into the valve, displacing the moveable valve member and separating it from the valve seat to open the valve. When the gas generator is uncoupled, pressure at or above a threshold displaces the moveable member, separating it from the valve seat to open the outlet port so pressure can be released to the external environment.

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment and associated method of use discloses a reversible hydrogen storage system that liberates hydrogen and a perlithiohydrocarbon compound by destabilization of a hydrocarbon source or sources with lithium hydride (LiH). The liberated hydrogen may be subsequently utilized in a coupled end-use application.

Abstract: Reactor for carrying out chemical and physical materials transformations, which comprises a reaction space enclosed by a reactor housing, where the reactor housing has at least two lateral fluid inlets having adjustably mounted nozzles which include an angle of about 20-160 degrees and through which fluid jets which impinge on one another at a common collision point within the reaction space are passed and the reactor has a fluid outlet at the bottom of the reaction space, which is characterized in that—an exchangeable bottom plate•which has a hole as fluid outlet and•on which moveably supported spheres are located so as to block the original path of the individual fluid jets in the unaligned state rests on the bottom of the reaction space and—a half shell standing upright on the bottom of the reaction space is located between each moveably supported sphere and the wall of the reactor space and—bottom plate, half shell and moveably supported spheres comprise one or more hard materials.

Abstract: Improved systems and methods for producing feedstock for biofuel and biochemical manufacturing processes are disclosed. Some systems and methods use components that are capable of transferring relatively high concentrations of solid biomass. Some systems and methods recycle a deconstruction catalyst.

Abstract: A hydrogen producing system and a hydrogen producing method by which hydrogen can be efficiently produced using abundant seawater as the raw material. A hydrogen producing method has a system (10) for producing hydrogen from seawater, and the hydrogen producing system (10) has an activation device (12) and a pipe line device (14). The activation device (12) has a closed space (S) for introducing the seawater (W) and a vapor ejection means (18) for ejecting high-temperature, high-pressure vapor (T) into the closed space (S), and the activation device (12) activates under high temperature and high pressure the seawater (W) in the closed space (S). The pipe line device (14) is a device for receiving and leading the high-temperature, high-pressure seawater activated by the activation device (12) and includes one or more seawater leading tubes (403-408) having any one of triangular, pentagonal, hexagonal and octagonal cross sections.

Abstract: A process for upgrading heavy oil by mixing the heavy oil with water fluid using an ultrasonic wave generator prior to increasing the temperature and pressure of the mixture to values near to or exceeding the critical point of water, to produce low pour point, high value oil having low sulfur, low nitrogen, and low metallic impurities for use as hydrocarbon feedstock.

Abstract: Improved treatment apparatus (120, 152) is provided for the treatment (e.g., molding, heating and/or curing) of objects such as parts or part precursors (148, 170) including wireless detection of a temperature parameter related to the objects during treatment thereof. The objects include associated microwire-type sensors (150, 174) which have characteristic re-magnetization responses under the influence of applied, alternating magnetic fields. The apparatus (120, 152) have treatment chambers (122, 153) sized to hold the objects to be treated, with one or more antennas (132, 124, 166) proximal to such objects and operable to generate interrogating alternating magnetic fields and to detect the responses of the sensors (150, 174). The detected temperature parameter information is used by an apparatus controller (146) to maintain desired ambient conditions within the treatment chamber (122, 153).

Abstract: Technologies are generally described for adjusting a pressure in a microreactor system. An example microreactor system may include a reaction chamber, wherein the reaction chamber is effective to receive at least one reactant, and carry out a reaction on the reactant to produce a product. An example method may comprise controlling a first electroosmotic pump to drive a first fluid toward the reaction chamber with a first force. In some examples. the method may further comprise controlling a second electroosmotic pump to drive a second fluid toward the reaction chamber with a second force. In some examples, the method may further comprise carrying out the reaction on the reactants in the reaction chamber to produce the product. The first and the second forces may be effective to generate a pressure inside the reaction chamber, where the pressure is greater than one atmosphere.

Abstract: A system for producing a deodorizing or odor neutralizing fog includes a tank with an input port and an exit port, and a fogging portion located within the tank. A deodorizing or odor neutralizing liquid is added to the tank upon which the fogging portion is configured to float. Compressed air is input through said input port and is expelled on the deodorizing or odor neutralizing liquid through at least one nozzle located on the fogging portion, thereby vaporizing the deodorizing or odor neutralizing liquid. The vapor combines with the compressed air within the tank to form the deodorizing or odor neutralizing fog.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for conducting supercritical wet oxidation reactions wherein any precipitated solids do not contact the solid side walls of the containment vessel so as to prevent any of these precipitated solids from adhering to or corrode the vessel walls is provided. To do this, a controlled, continuous flow of clean fluid, preferably under supercritical conditions, is introduced to the process so as to form a film-like, clean fluid surface between the physical containment vessel walls and the supercritical wet oxidation reactants.

Abstract: A fluid porting assembly for a microreactor comprising a process fluid passageway, a pliable seal, and a cooling fluid passageway is provided. The pliable seal is positioned in the vicinity of the process fluid outlet and is configured to define a sealing interface between the process fluid outlet and a fluid port of a microreactor. The cooling fluid passageway terminates at a cooling fluid interface and defines a dispensing gap between the cooling fluid interface and the sealing interface. The cooling fluid outlet is configured to distribute cooling fluid about a periphery of the pliable seal and to direct cooling fluid away from the periphery of the pliable seal through the dispensing gap when the pliable seal of the fluid porting assembly engages a fluid port of a microreactor. The cooling fluid removes heat from areas of the microreactor in the vicinity of the fluid port and pliable seal.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system for stabilizing gas and particularly gas hydrates at low pressures and for safe storage and transportation of the gas. The invention also provides minimization of the decomposition of the gas in hydrate form.