Abstract: A corrosion testing device includes a test chamber (10), a climate conditioning system (12) for maintaining a controlled atmosphere in the test chamber (10), and a measurement system including a feeler (16) having a measurement element (24) arranged on a printed circuit board (22) for measuring the moisture content of the atmosphere, in which the printed circuit board (22) is detachably held on a feeler base (18) via plug connectors (28) and is, with the possible exception of certain contact or measurement surfaces, fully encapsulated in an anti-corrosion coating.

Abstract: An electric work vehicle includes: a travel battery, an auxiliary battery, a motor drivable on electric power supplied by the travel battery, a travel device drivable by the motor, a voltage converter positioned forward of the travel battery to step down a voltage of electric power from the travel battery and supply the electric power to the auxiliary battery, and a radiator positioned forward of the travel battery, wherein the voltage converter and the radiator are laterally next to each other in a plan view.

Abstract: Provided is a corrosive environment monitoring device capable of monitoring the condition of a turbine for a long period of time without corrosion damage to a sensor caused by turbine steam. A corrosive environment monitoring device 10 includes: a steam extraction part 11 that extracts steam from inside of a casing 21 of a steam turbine 22 to outside thereof; a condensed water storage part 12 that stores therein condensed water produced by condensation of steam passing through the steam extraction part; and a corrosion factor sensor part 13 that detects properties of the condensed water. The condensed water storage part 12 includes a gap simulation part that simulates a gap inside the turbine and has a predetermined gap capable of storing the condensed water therein, and an annular channel formed on an outer periphery side of the gap simulation part.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a turbine monitoring system includes a temperature measurer configured to sense a temperature of steam to be introduced to a steam turbine, and output a sensing result of the temperature. The system further includes an electrical output measurer configured to sense an electrical output of a generator driven by the steam turbine, and output a sensing result of the electrical output. The system further includes a computing module configured to compute an erosion quantity of a moving vane of the steam turbine with water drops, based on the sensing result of the temperature that is output from the temperature measurer and the sensing result of the electrical output that is output from the electrical output measurer. The system further includes an outputting module configured to output information that is based on the erosion quantity computed by the computing module.

Abstract: An information handling system includes a corrosion controller that may monitor a corrosion sensor array, and determine a type of the corrosion based on a location of a corrosion sensor. The corrosion type may include humidity driven corrosion and non-humidity driven corrosion.

Abstract: A corrosion monitoring system includes one or more objects coupled to respective portions of a transformer tank. The one or more objects are configured to corrode before the respective portions of the transformer tank. At least one optical sensor is coupled to each of the objects. The at least one optical sensor has an optical output that changes in response to strain of the object. An analyzer is coupled to the at least one optical sensor. The analyzer is configured to perform one or more of detecting and predicting corrosion of the transformer tank based on the output of the at least one optical sensor.

Abstract: Assemblies and methods for monitoring the cathodic protection of underground or submerged structures may include a coupon assembly including a conductive test coupon and a reference electrode for determining the voltage potential difference of the protected structure without substantially interrupting surrounding current sources. The reference electrode may be at least partially covered with an electrolytic material in electrical contact with the surrounding environment via a plug including a porous material. A method of installation of the assembly may allow a single technician to install the coupon assembly using a probe rod without extensive on-site excavation. The coupon assembly may be configured to seat securely with the probe rod for stability during installation, and release from the probe rob when the probe rod is separated from the coupon assembly and withdrawn from the ground, leaving the coupon assembly at a preselected depth or preselected distance from the protected structure.

Abstract: A quick release corrosion coupon holder system comprising a shaft and a clip configured to pivot between open and closed positions to securely hold an end of a corrosion coupon. Preferably, no nuts, bolts, or removable parts are required to install or remove a coupon from the holder. Preferably a spring is disposed between the shaft and clip with one or more attached legs or a separate pin configured to secure the clip to the shaft and act as a fulcrum. An optional inwardly extending projection may be inserted through an aperture on the coupon. An optional spacer creates a gap between the shaft and clip to accommodate the thickness of a coupon. Preferably a lip and shoulder pair on the clip and an opposing lip and shoulder pair on the shaft contact front and back surfaces of the coupon, limiting contact surface area between the holder and coupon.

Abstract: Examples include microfluidic devices. Example microfluidic devices comprise a microfluidic channel, a capillary chamber, and a fluidic actuator. The microfluidic channel is fluidly connected to the capillary chamber. The capillary chamber is to restrict flow of fluid therethrough. The fluidic actuator is positioned proximate the capillary chamber. The fluidic actuator is to actuate to thereby initiate flow of fluid through the capillary chamber.

Abstract: A test device and method for top-of-the-line corrosion (TLC) of a high-temperature high-pressure wet gas pipeline. The device mainly includes: a metal top cap, a metal reaction cylinder, a first thermometer, a second thermometer, a plastic transparent measuring cylinder, a condensed water collection tube, an atomic spectrometer, a third thermometer, a rubber seal cover, a condensate droplet, a threaded hole, a condensation chamber, a pipeline sample, a temperature measuring hole, and a 30-degree tilt angle. The device and method can effectively simulate TLC of a wet gas pipeline under a high-temperature high-pressure environment. The device and method can test the high-temperature high-pressure TLC of the wet gas pipeline under different temperature differences (between a surface temperature of the pipeline and a gas temperature) and various corrosion media.

Abstract: A painting fiber probe having a measurement surface on which a coating film is formed with the same painting specification as that of a sample (painted steel sheet) is placed in a test tank together with the sample. A cycle consisting of three steps of saline water spraying, drying and wetting is repeated on the sample and the painting fiber probe. In the drying step of the cycle, absorbance at a specific wavelength of the coating film formed on the painting fiber probe is measured at a regular interval and drying is ended when the measured absorbance satisfies a predetermined condition.

Abstract: Online installation systems and methods are provided for online installations of ultrasonic steam measurement devices in steam pipes. In one embodiment, a tool is provided and includes a transducer assembly configured to be coupled to a distal end of an isolation valve installed on a pressurized steam pipe. An ultrasonic transducer can be movably disposed within the transducer assembly, and the ultrasonic transducer can extend through a proximal opening of the transducer assembly and through a distal opening of the transducer assembly. The tool can also include an insertion mechanism configured to be coupled to a distal end of the transducer assembly and having a cylindrical housing at least partially enclosing the ultrasonic transducer. The insertion mechanism can include a linear actuator assembly configured to linearly actuate the ultrasonic transducer.

Abstract: Described herein are systems and methods for control of an overhead crude section of a hydrocarbon refining process. In one aspect, the method comprises monitoring a plurality of operating conditions of an overhead crude section of a refinery; determining hydrogen chloride and amine conditions of the overhead crude section of the refinery at current operating conditions of the overhead crude section; determining a plurality of fields of action by simulating a variation of one or more of the plurality of conditions; determining a risk indicator of salting for each of the plurality of fields of action; and providing a recommended change in operation of the overhead crude section to one of the plurality of fields of action while adhering to one or more constraints.

Abstract: A corrosion monitoring system includes one or more objects coupled to respective portions of a transformer tank. The one or more objects are configured to corrode before the respective portions of the transformer tank. At least one optical sensor is coupled to each of the objects. The at least one optical sensor has an optical output that changes in response to strain of the object. An analyzer is coupled to the at least one optical sensor. The analyzer is configured to perform one or more of detecting and predicting corrosion of the transformer tank based on the output of the at least one optical sensor.

Abstract: A retractable fitting with a stopcock has a stopcock housing for connection to a pipe or process chamber. The housing has a connection opening into the pipe or process chamber. A shut-off body is rotatable about a pivot axis relative to the stopcock housing, and has a passage hole that merges in an open state of the stopcock into the connection opening of the stopcock housing, the connection opening being closed by the shut-off body in a closed state. A support element in the passage hole is introduced in the open state through the connection opening into the pipe or process chamber. A plurality of flushing lines are operable to conduct a flushing medium, the plurality of flushing lines being accessible from outside of the stopcock and being connected to and/or opening into the passage hole of the shut-off body at least in the closed state of the stopcock.

Abstract: In a deformation simulation of a member joined by spot welding, an effective width being a width in a direction intersecting a direction of a load centered on a spot welded portion (14) on a flange face (13a) where the spot welded portion (14) is provided of a member (10) and changing correspondingly to a change in the load is calculated every predetermined time interval, and fracture of the spot welded portion (14) is predicted using the calculated effective width. This configuration enables precise fracture prediction of a spot welded portion where spot welding is modeled, for example, in a case of performing collision deformation prediction of an automobile member on a computer.

Abstract: An environment measuring device 1 has a measuring QCM sensor 10, a reference QCM sensor 20, a measurement oscillation circuit 15, a reference oscillation circuit 25, a frequency counter 31, a humidity sensor 51, a control unit 40, and a storage unit 41. The measuring QCM sensor 10 has an oscillator and an electrode formed by a corrosive metal on the surface of the oscillator, and the reference QCM sensor 20 has an oscillator and an electrode formed by a corrosion-resistant metal on the surface of the oscillator. The storage unit 41 stores the measurement count signal, the reference count signal, and the humidity signal which are associated with a measurement time. The control unit 40 determines an amount of increase in mass due to the corrosion of the electrode of the measuring QCM sensor by using the measurement count signal and the reference count signal.

Abstract: A coupon suitable for peeling tests, derived from a vane and including: (i) a portion of blade that comprises an intrados surface, an extrados surface and a leading edge and/or trailing edge and (ii) a vane reinforcement that covers and is glued to at least a part of the intrados surface, a part of the extrados surface and which extends beyond the leading and/or trailing edge. The reinforcement is split over the entire length of the leading edge and/or trailing edge such that the reinforcement is separated into two plates separate from one another and facing each other on either side of the slit beyond the leading and/or trailing edge. Furthermore, at least one of the plates furthermore comprises, beyond the leading and/or trailing edge, notches configured to provide a hold to this same plate.

Abstract: A remaining service life evaluation method for evaluating a remaining service life of a metal pipe suffering from creep damage on a basis of a master curve that is prepared in advance that includes wrapping a steel strip around an outer peripheral face of the metal pipe under same conditions as those during an internal pressure creep test and evaluating a remaining service life of the metal pipe on a basis of a degree of deterioration of the steel strip.

Abstract: Provided is a device for monitoring corrosive environment including at least one passage structure having an opening and configured to control intrusion of a corrosive substance present in an atmosphere; and a sensor unit having a metal film that is disposed inside the passage structure. The metal film inside the passage structure corrodes by the corrosive substance intruding from the opening to the passage structure. During the monitoring, an electric resistance value of the metal film varies depending on expansion of the corroded region of the metal film. Thus, the device for monitoring corrosive environment measures the electric resistance value of the metal film with suppressing fluctuation of the measured values. This allows a corrosion level of the environment installed with electric and electronic apparatuses to be evaluated for a long term and in an accurate manner.

Abstract: A smart sticker for determining the current state of raw meat for safe human consumption is provided. The smart sticker indicates the quality or decomposition of the meat by changing color. The smart sticker employs a cupric nitrate solution mixed with a polymeric silicon substrate that forms a complex with the valence electrons on the nitrogen atom of an amino acid residue. After this interaction occurs, the smart sticker changes color from, for example, light blue to purple.

Abstract: Methods are provided for characterizing the stability of a distillate fraction using a quartz crystal microbalance apparatus, such as a distillate fraction derived at least in part from a pre-refined crude oil. A sample can be aged for an aging period in a quartz crystal microbalance apparatus, and a frequency value for the sample in the quartz crystal microbalance apparatus can be determined before and after the aging period to determine a frequency difference. This frequency difference can be correlated directly with the ability of a jet fuel fraction to satisfy a stability test standard, such as a jet fuel breakpoint stability. The methods can also include using a temperature profile during characterization that can reduce or minimize operator error during the characterization.

Abstract: A high-throughput corrosion testing mechanism was developed for metals in a variety of environments in controlled, multiplexed microenvironments. Many parallel experiments can be conducted with microbial and environmental variables independently manipulated to identify the key determinants of corrosion progression. The synthetic assay design enables subsequent surface characterization of select samples within the array. In as little as one day, diverse corrosive environments can be compared quantitatively.

Abstract: A system electronically monitors the consumption of gas adsorbent media in a media bed. The system includes a controller and a monitoring rod having a plurality of sensors disposed on the monitoring rod. The sensors are in communication with the controller. Each sensor includes a corrodible portion having an exposed electrically conducting material susceptible to corrosion by a corrosive agent, a first lead in electrical contact with a first end of the corrodible portion, and a second lead in electrical contact with a second end of the corrodible portion. The corrodible portion, the first lead and the second lead together form a continuous communication path to the controller, and the monitoring rod is at least partially disposed in the media.

Abstract: A method of testing workpieces and an automated oscillating solution spray manifold assembly for a corrosion testing chamber is configured to introduce a fluid into a cavity of a test cabinet that receives workpieces. The manifold assembly includes a motor having an output shaft for driving a linkage assembly. An elongated spray bar is connected to the linkage assembly and the spray bar has a plurality of openings spaced therealong. The linkage assembly is configured to rotate the spray bar in a desired oscillatory movement such that fluid can be dispensed through the openings and into the test cabinet. A fan-like pattern sprays from one opening and substantially overlaps with spray from at least one adjacent opening. The method of testing may include one or more of the steps of controlling a speed of the motor, a temperature level of the cavity, a humidity level of the cavity, and a salinity content of the fluid within the cavity of the test cabinet.

Abstract: Provided are an atmospheric corrosion test procedure and an apparatus used for the test. The procedure involves a salt spray step for supplying salt content containing chloride ions on the surfaces of test pieces placed in a thermo-humidistat chamber and a subsequent dry-wet cyclic step including a dry sub-step for drying the surface of the test pieces in the thermo-humidistat chamber at a low relative humidity and a subsequent wet sub-step at a higher relative humidity than that in the dry sub-step, which are cycled. The salt content is supplied by spraying the salt water in the salt spray step. An exhaust step for removing the salt mist sprayed inside thermo-humidistat chamber is further inserted between the salt deposition step and the dry sub-step. The quantity of the salt content deposited on the surfaces of the test pieces is controlled by adjusting the quantity of the sprayed salt water.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a device for predicting corrosion in a tubular element that receives hydrocarbons. The device includes a housing, a first sensor, and a location tracking device. The first sensor is partially within the housing and detects one of first physical, chemical and electrical signals of a fluid within the tubular element at a plurality of locations within the tubular element. The location tracking device is within the housing and operatively connected to the first sensor. The location tracing device determines an axial and circumferential position of the first sensor at each of the plurality of locations.

Abstract: Example methods, systems, and computer readable media are provided for monitoring operating processes. An example method includes monitoring an equipment parameter associated with an asset in an operating process unit and monitoring a process parameter associated with the asset. The example method includes determining an asset health corresponding to the asset. The asset health is determined based on a potential state of corrosion associated with the asset by comparing a corrosivity index to a corrosion threshold. The corrosivity index is a function of at least one of current values or changes in the monitored equipment parameter or the monitored process parameter over time.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of controlling a real-time oxidation-reduction potential in a hot water system to inhibit corrosion in the hot water system. The method includes defining one or more operational protective zones in the hot water system. One or more of the operational protective zones includes an oxidation-reduction potential probe that is operable to measure a real-time oxidation-reduction potential in the hot water system at operating temperature and pressure. The probe transmits the measured real-time potential to the controller, which assesses and interprets the transmitted potential to determine whether it conforms to an oxidation-reduction potential setting. If the measured potential does not conform the oxidation-reduction potential setting, the controller is operable to feed or remove one or more active chemical species into or from the hot water system and further operable to change at least one system parameter.

Abstract: A sensor senses a characteristic of an environment, e.g., humidity. The sensor has a substrate with strips of material that is sensitive to corrosion as a result of the characteristic. The strips are configured to respond differently to the characteristic. By means of repeatedly measuring the resistances of the strips, the environment can be monitored in terms of accumulated exposure to the characteristic. The strips are manufactured in a semiconductor technology so as to generate accurate sensors that behave predictably.

Abstract: The subject disclosure relates to matrix acidizing. More specifically, systems and methods are described for estimating a diffusion coefficient for an acid fluid used to stimulate a subterranean reservoir wherein a spent acid is formulated that includes one or more by-products of the reaction between the fluid and rock. A rock sample, such as in the form of a rotating disk is exposed to spent acid under elevated pressure and temperature conditions while the fluid is sampled and analyzed. A diffusion coefficient for the spend acid is estimated.

Abstract: A device for measuring oxidation-reduction potential at operating temperature and pressure in hot water systems is disclosed and claimed. The device includes a flow-through cell, an oxidation-reduction potential probe, a temperature detector, and an external pressure-balanced reference electrode assembly. Each component of the device works in conjunction with the other components and each has electrical connections that transmit signals to a controller. The controller calculates and determines adjustments to feedwater chemistry for the hot water system.

Abstract: A device for measuring oxidation-reduction potential at operating temperature and pressure in hot water systems is disclosed and claimed. The device includes a flow-through cell, an oxidation-reduction potential probe, a temperature detector, and an external pressure-balanced reference electrode assembly. Each component of the device works in conjunction with the other components and each has electrical connections that transmit signals to a controller. The controller calculates and determines adjustments to feedwater chemistry for the hot water system.

Abstract: This disclosure describes, in one embodiment, a corrosion monitoring device to monitor fluid flowing to a turbo-machine. The device comprises an elongated body member in the form of a threaded rod. The elongated body member comprises test elements that have material properties responsive to the corrosive components. In one example, the test elements comprise cylindrical tubes that can slide onto the threaded rod. The assembly is positioned in flow streams and, more particularly, finds particular use in the flow stream of fluid found in an inlet system that couples with a turbine (e.g., a gas or steam turbine).

Abstract: An erosion sensor that can separately monitor erosion and corrosion of a substrate, such as a wind turbine blade or a turbine blade used in devices such as gas turbines, aircraft engines, microturbines, steam turbines, and the like is disclosed. The sensor can include a first element or “erosion part” that is made of a corrosion resistant material. The first element of the sensor has similar erosion properties to the substrate being monitored. The sensor can further include a second element or a “corrosion part” that is made of a material having similar erosion and corrosion properties to the substrate. The sensor can provide an erosion indicator based on the erosion of the first element and a corrosion indicator based on the erosion and corrosion of the second element.

Abstract: A method of tracking the rate of corrosion of a metal conduit traversed by a corrosive fluid, in which is provided a device arranged so as to form, when said device is installed on a wall of the metal conduit, a chamber able to receive gaseous hydrogen issuing by permeation across said wall of said conduit, the method comprising: (i) a step of treatment to eliminate a metallic species from the chamber, (ii) a step of measuring a quantity of hydrogen received in the chamber, with a view to estimating the rate of corrosion of the metal conduit.

Abstract: Corrosion Under Insulation (CUI) of an insulated iron or other corrosion prone object (1) is detected by taking a sample (8) of the pore fluid from the pores of a permeable insulation layer (2) that covers at least part of the object (1) and analyzing the composition of the sample (8) on the presence of any tracer fluid, such as phospines, mercaptans, alcohols, acids, ketones and/or aldehydes emitted or acetic acid and/or butoxyethanol absorbed by any corrosion of the corrosion prone object (1) by a tracer fluid detection sensor (6).

Abstract: Methods and apparatus relate to measuring corrosion rate. Flowing corrosive fluid contacts a metal coupon or object and results in an effluent stream. The effluent stream contains metal from the object due to reaction of constituents in the fluid with the metal. Analysis of the effluent stream measures concentration of the metal therein. Since the concentration of the metal in the effluent stream is indicative of mass loss from the object, calculations provide the corrosion rate utilizing weight of the metal that is eluted, surface area of the object and exposure time of the object with the corrosive fluid.

Abstract: A system for sulfide stress cracking testing comprises an enclosed testing chamber including a fluid bath comprising a liquid saturated with hydrogen sulfide gas. In addition, the system comprises a test fixture disposed in the testing chamber and at least partially submerged in the fluid bath. The test fixture includes a housing having an internal chamber in fluid communication with the fluid bath and a test assembly disposed in the internal chamber. The test assembly comprises a first upper support and a second upper support, a first lower support and a second lower support, and a first platen engaging each of the upper supports and adapted to transfer an applied vertical load to the upper supports. Further, the system comprises a test specimen mounted in the test assembly between the upper supports and the lower supports.

Abstract: A hand-device is described for penetrating a heat-insulating layer of a corrodible metal object and for examining a pipeline for corrosion, preferably for penetrating a heat-insulating layer of a corrodible metal pipeline, with a penetrating body that comprises a pointed section for displacing the insulating layer and a holding section for receiving a driving force, and a detecting device for generating a signal as a response to a stimulus caused by corrosion, wherein the detecting device is arranged proximally to the pointed section of the penetrating body. Corresponding methods as well as uses are also described.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to methods of constructing liquid bridges and methods of forming predetermined combinations of samples using liquid bridges.

Abstract: Provided are an atmospheric corrosion test procedure and an apparatus used for the test. The procedure involves a salt spray step for supplying salt content containing chloride ions on the surfaces of test pieces placed in a thermo-humidistat chamber and a subsequent dry-wet cyclic step including a dry sub-step for drying the surface of the test pieces in the thermo-humidistat chamber at a low relative humidity and a subsequent wet sub-step at a higher relative humidity than that in the dry sub-step, which are cycled. The salt content is supplied by spraying the salt water in the salt spray step. An exhaust step for removing the salt mist sprayed inside thermo-humidistat chamber is further inserted between the salt deposition step and the dry sub-step. The quantity of the salt content deposited on the surfaces of the test pieces is controlled by adjusting the quantity of the sprayed salt water.

Abstract: Corrosion sensor apparatus for detection of contamination affecting metal based components and devices. For example, an apparatus includes: a set of corrosion sensor elements, wherein a width of a first corrosion sensor element is different than a width of a second corrosion sensor element, wherein each corrosion sensor element is susceptible to corrosion caused by an operating environment of the corrosion sensor elements; and a set of reference elements wherein a width of a first reference sensor element is substantially equal to the width of the first corrosion sensor element and a width of a second reference sensor element is substantially equal to the width of the second corrosion sensor element, wherein each reference sensor element is not substantially susceptible to corrosion caused by the operating environment of the corrosion sensor elements.

Abstract: A method of testing workpieces and an automated oscillating solution spray manifold assembly for a corrosion testing chamber is configured to introduce a fluid into a cavity of a test cabinet that receives workpieces. The manifold assembly includes a motor having an output shaft for driving a linkage assembly. An elongated spray bar is connected to the linkage assembly and the spray bar has a plurality of openings spaced therealong. The linkage assembly is configured to rotate the spray bar in a desired oscillatory movement such that fluid can be dispensed through the openings and into the test cabinet. A fan-like pattern sprays from one opening and substantially overlaps with spray from at least one adjacent opening. The method of testing may include one or more of the steps of controlling a speed of the motor, a temperature level of the cavity, a humidity level of the cavity, and a salinity content of the fluid within the cavity of the test cabinet.

Abstract: A method for detecting the presence of corrosive material in drywall utilizing a testing device having a metal pin for insertion in the drywall, where the pin forms a visible layer when it reacts with corrosive materials in the drywall.

Abstract: A disclosed downhole optical sensor system includes at least one optical sensor positioned in a borehole and coupled to an interface via a fiber optic cable. Each of the optical sensors includes a waveguide for conducting light, and a reagent region positioned between the waveguide and a fluid in the borehole to absorb a portion of the light from the waveguide, the portion being dependent upon a concentration of a chemical species in the fluid. A described method for operating a well includes deploying one or more downhole optical sensors in a fluid flow path in the well, probing the one or more downhole optical sensors from a surface interface to detect concentrations of one or more chemical species, and deriving a rate of scale buildup or corrosion based at least in part on the detected concentrations.

Abstract: An erosion sensor that can separately monitor erosion and corrosion of a substrate, such as a wind turbine blade or a turbine blade used in devices such as gas turbines, aircraft engines, microturbines, steam turbines, and the like is disclosed. The sensor can include a first element or “erosion part” that is made of a corrosion resistant material. The first element of the sensor has similar erosion properties to the substrate being monitored. The sensor can further include a second element or a “corrosion part” that is made of a material having similar erosion and corrosion properties to the substrate. The sensor can provide an erosion indicator based on the erosion of the first element and a corrosion indicator based on the erosion and corrosion of the second element.

Abstract: A sensor-dispensing instrument adapted to handle a sensor pack contains sensors and performs a test using one of the sensors. The instrument includes an outer housing and a mechanical mechanism for rotating the sensor pack and ejecting one of the sensors from the sensor pack and through a sensor slot on the housing. The instrument also includes a sensor actuator to engage with a sensor disposed in the sensor slot, and a sensor release that is movable to disengage the sensor actuator from the sensor disposed in the sensor slot and permit the discharge of the sensor. The sensor release activates a sensor release mechanism that has a sensor release aid arm, a mounting block, and a pivot pin. The sensor release aid arm contacts the sensor disposed in the sensor slot to assist removal of the sensor from the sensor slot.

Abstract: A conductor/insulator/porous film device is provided which is used in electrochemiluminescence methods and instrumentation based on the chemical excitation of label molecules with subsequent measurement of the luminescence in order to quantitate analyte concentrations especially in bioaffinity assays.

Abstract: The described invention relates to a method for determining corrosion in wet gas pipelines comprising: a) using a portion of the liquid phase from a wet gas pipeline; b) placing said portion in a high pressure, high temperature autoclave to prepare a saturated vapor phase; c) transferring the saturated vapor to a corrosion test unit, said unit having a specimen holder section having external, temperature adjustable means, and specimens being arranged in one or more positions within the specimen holder; d) chilling said specimen holder section so as to cause condensation onto said corrosion testing specimens; and, e) calculating a value selected from the group consisting of corrosions rate, pitting of the specimen, weight loss of the specimen, and any combination thereof. The invention process can be practiced in a separate laboratory apparatus designed to accomplish the above method, or in a similar online apparatus set up in a semi-batch mode or continuous mode.