Abstract: Systems and methods for contacting solids with a fluid are provided. The system can include a first baffle having a latitudinal centerline that is in a plane defined by first and second axes, the latitudinal centerline of the first baffle being oriented at a first angle from about 5° to about 80° with respect to the second axis. The system can also include a second baffle axially offset from the first baffle along the second axis and having a latitudinal centerline in the plane that is oriented at a second angle from about 100° to about 175° with respect to the second axis and a third baffle axially adjacent to the second baffle along the second axis and having a latitudinal centerline in the plane that is oriented at a third angle from about 5° to about 80° with respect to the second axis.

Abstract: An ethylene cracking furnace comprising a high pressure steam drum (1), a convection section (2), a radiant section (3), multiple groups of radiant coils (4) arranged vertically in the firebox of radiant section, burners (5) and transfer line exchangers (6), each radiant coil comprising a first-pass tube (7), a second-pass tube (8) and a connection member (9); feedstocks being introduced into an inlet end of the first-pass tube and outflow from an outlet end of the second-pass tube, said first-pass tube (7) and said second-pass tube (8) are non-split coils, and the centerlines of the respective radiant tubes (7, 8) are within a common plane; said connection member (9) is a tridimensional structural member comprising an inlet bending tube (10), a return bending tube (11) and an outlet bending tube (12); said inlet bending tubes (10) and said outlet bending tubes (12) are arranged at two sides of the plane containing the centerlines of said first-pass tubes (7) and said second-pass tubes (8), respectively; the

Abstract: A quenching apparatus for a reactor is disclosed. The quenching apparatus includes a quenching unit (31) and a mixing unit (41). The quenching unit includes fluid distribution pipes (33) which branch off from a central portion of the quenching unit in radial directions and eject quenching fluid, and one or more first fluid outlets (35) which are formed through the bottom of the quenching unit. The mixing unit includes inclined baffles (43), one or more partitions (42) and a second fluid outlet (45). The inclined baffles are respectively disposed under the first fluid outlets. The partitions partition a space between inner and outer sidewalls of the mixing unit into a plurality of separated spaces in which the inclined baffles are respectively disposed. Fluid guided by the inclined baffles and the partitions is discharged out of the mixing unit through the second fluid outlet.

Abstract: Method and a reactor for performing exothermic catalytic reactions. The method comprises the steps of providing a feed gas stream comprising reactants for the exothermic catalytic reaction to a fixed bed catalytic reactor comprising one or more catalyst beds each with catalyst particles filled sections with a catalyst volume; providing a feed gas bypass inside the reactor by arranging within at least one of the catalyst beds a number of bypass passageways without catalytic active particles inside the passageways and having a cooling surface area; passing a part of the feed gas stream through the bypass passageways and reminder of the stream through the catalyst particles filled sections; and removing heat from the feed gas stream being passed through the catalyst filled sections by indirect heat transfer to the part of the feed gas stream being passed through the bypass passageways.

Abstract: In a reforming apparatus, for use in a fuel cell, for reforming a raw fuel into a hydrogen-rich reformed gas, a reformer generates the reformed gas from the raw fuel. A shift reactor reduces carbon monoxide contained in the reformed gas through a shift reaction. A selective oxidation unit reduces the carbon monoxide contained in the reformed gas that has passed through the shift reactor by performing selective oxidation on the carbon monoxide. A reforming reaction tube houses linearly the reformer, the shift reactor and the selective oxidation unit in this order.

Abstract: This invention relates to a tubular cracking furnace, especially an ethylene cracking furnace, which comprises a convection section and a or dual radiant section(s), at least one heat transfer intensifying member arranged in at least one pass each radiant tube in said radiant section, said at least one heat transfer intensifying member comprises a first heat transfer intensifying member, which is arranged at a location between 10D and 25D upstream of the extreme point of said at least one pass radiant tube metal temperature, wherein D is the inner diameter of the radiant tube having heat transfer intensifying members. The present invention could achieve the best enhanced heat transfer result with given number of heat transfer intensifying member, by optimizing the locations of heat transfer intensifying members in the radiant tube.

Abstract: A compact device for mixing fluids in a downflow reactor comprising at least one substantially horizontal gathering device provided with a vertical gathering line intended to receive the fluids, at least one injection device arranged in the gathering line, an annular mixing chamber located downstream from the gathering means in the direction of circulation of the fluids, the mixing chamber comprising an inlet end directly connected to the gathering line and an outlet end for passage of the fluids, and a horizontal predistribution plate comprising at least one chimney, the plate being located downstream from the mixing chamber at a distance d2, in the direction of circulation of the fluids. The reactor is especially useful for exothermic reactions, e.g. hydrotreatment, hydrodesulfurization, hydrodenitrogenation, hydrocracking, hydrogenation and hydrodearomatization reactions.

Abstract: A pyrolysis process is provided. The process includes the steps of: depositing a quantity of waste into a porous container, the porous container adapted to allow a convective stream of substantially anaerobic gas to flow therethrough; inserting the porous container into a pyrolysis thermal processor; sealing the thermal processor; circulating the convective stream of gas through the pyrolysis thermal processor; heating the waste according to a first time-temperature profile to pyrolyze the waste and form a carbonaceous char; and cooling the carbonaceous char by circulating the convective stream of gas through a cooler. An oil product and a gaseous hydrocarbon product are produced during the pyrolysis. The carbonaceous char is further processed to form a carbon black product and a recyclable metal product.

Abstract: Disclosed are a syngas production process and a reforming exchanger 100. The process involves passing a first portion of hydrocarbon feed mixed with steam and oxidant through an autothermal catalytic steam reforming zone to form a first reformed gas of reduced hydrocarbon content, passing a second portion of the hydrocarbon feed mixed with steam through an endothermic catalytic steam reforming zone to form a second reformed gas of reduced hydrocarbon content, and mixing the first and second reformed gases and passing the resulting gas mixture through a heat exchange zone for cooling the gas mixture and thereby supplying heat to the endothermic catalytic steam reforming zone. The endothermic catalytic steam reforming zone and the heat exchange zone are respectively disposed tube side and shell side within a shell-and-tube reforming exchanger 100.

Abstract: The apparatus of the invention is essentially characterized by the fact that it includes a fluid-flow duct (10) having an inlet (11) and an outlet (12), and mounted in succession in series in the duct (10): a suction fan (20) for sucking in a carrier gas available at the inlet (11) and for discharging it towards the outlet (12); a bubbler (30) suitable for causing the carrier gas to pass through a volatile liquid (31) contained in the bubbler so as to obtain a stream of carrier gas (33) charged with vapor of the liquid; a device (40) for fractioning the charged stream to deliver a charged stream in fractioned form; and a member (50) for treating the fractioned charged stream to impart a determined quality thereto before it is ejected from the outlet (12) of the duct (10). The invention is applicable in particular to producing a gas charged with a volatile compound, in particular for inhalation.

Abstract: Systems and methods for contacting a liquid, gas, and/or a multi-phase mixture with particulate solids. The system can include a body having a first head and a second head disposed thereon. Two or more discrete fixed beds can be disposed across a cross-section of the body. One or more unobstructed fluid flow paths can bypass each fixed bed, and one or more baffles can be disposed between the fixed beds.

Abstract: The invention relates to a plate (10a) intended to be integrated in a stack of plates in a heat exchanger system, the plate comprising a plurality of channels (38) distributed in rows (40), each row comprising side walls (42) arranged opposite one another and spaced apart from one another in a first direction (44), so that two directly consecutive side walls delimit one of the channels (38), the rows being arranged opposite one another and spaced apart from one another in a second direction (46) which is perpendicular to the first. Furthermore, in the fluid circulation zone (20) of the plate incorporating the channels (38), only the latter are coated with a catalyst allowing a chemical reaction.

Abstract: A syngas reforming reactor has a shell-and-tube configuration wherein the shell-side fluid flow path through the tube bundle has a longitudinal configuration. The reactor can include a shell-side inlet fluid distributor plate below the lower end of the tube bundle.

Abstract: This invention relates to a multiphase reactor which is especially suitable for desulfurization of flue gas. A rotary build-in member comprising a axisymmetric body and an annular axisymmetric body is fixed on the shell of the reactor. The shell is cylindrical, and its surface is smooth or waved. The maximum diameter of the axisymmetric body is no less than the inner diameter of the annular axisymmetric body. The axisymmetric body is installed on the annular axisymmetric body coaxially. One rotary build-in member and its corresponding shell constitute an unit, and the reactor may have one or more such units. The multiphase reactor can effectively improve the flow pattern of the fluid and the contact of gas-liquid-solid three-phase of the reactants, speed up the mass transfer, and prevent deposition of the solid phase. The reactor is simple in structure and convenient for use. It can be used in the fields such as environmental protection, chemical engineering, metallurgy, and architectural industries.

Abstract: A plug flow reactor having an inner shell 27 surrounded by outer shell 21 and having at least one annular flow passage 35 therebetween can be used to prepare compositions, including polymers. The plug flow reactor also includes inlet port 36, an outlet port 37 and a plurality of exchanger tubes 26 wherein the exchanger tubes are in fluid communication to the at least one annular flow passage. Polystyrene and high impact polystyrene can be prepared using the reactor.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel means to provide more effective mixing of gas and fluids in a height constrained interbed space of a catalytic reactor without increasing pressure drop. In particular, the device improves the effectiveness of an existing mixing volume in mixing the gas phase and liquid phase of two-phase systems. According to the present invention, the mixing device helps create a highly arcuate flow to incoming effluents and a high degree of mixing within a constrained interbed space of a catalytic reactor.