Abstract: The techniques described herein relate to systems and methods for capturing CO2, including an air process zone, a sorbent wheel, a humid zone, and a CO2 storage material. An inlet air stream can pass through the air process zone, and the sorbent wheel can rotate such that a portion of the sorbent wheel is alternatively exposed to the inlet air stream and to humid air in the humid zone. Sorbent material in the sorbent wheel can capture CO2 from the inlet air stream when in the air process zone and release the CO2 when exposed to the humid air in the humid zone. The CO2 storage material can store the CO2 after the CO2 is released by the sorbent material in response to being exposed to the humid air in the humid zone.

Abstract: A material, and filters and other structures exposed to flowing gas that have the material therein, which removes VOCs, such as formaldehyde, from the gas. The material is a porous sorbent impregnated by a metal oxide, such as manganese oxide (MnOx) nano particles. The sorbent may be activated carbon, and the manganese oxide may catalyze formaldehyde to water and carbon dioxide while the carbon may adsorb formaldehyde, both mechanisms of which remove the VOC from the air to prevent or reduce inhalation of the same by humans. The material may be combined with an untreated sorbent or sorbent treated with ionic alkaline salts.

Abstract: Systems and methods for direct air capture of carbon dioxide or other gases utilize a calcium sorbent in a manner that allows for wide scale, relatively low cost implementation. In particular, a calcium sorbent may be provided as a substantially thin coating on one or more substrates and utilized for direct air capture of carbon dioxide through chemisorption. The carbonated sorbent may be disposed of for sequestration of the carbon dioxide or regenerated with capture of carbon dioxide released from the carbonated sorbent during the regeneration process.

Abstract: Systems and methods for direct air capture of carbon dioxide or other gases utilize a calcium sorbent in a manner that allows for wide scale, relatively low cost implementation. In particular, a calcium sorbent may be provided as a substantially thin coating on one or more substrates and utilized for direct air capture of carbon dioxide through chemisorption. The carbonated sorbent may be disposed of for sequestration of the carbon dioxide or regenerated with capture of carbon dioxide released from the carbonated sorbent during the regeneration process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pre-hydrotreatment and purification method for waste lubricating oil, the method comprising the following steps: mechanical impurities are removed from waste lubricating oil, and then the oil is subjected to flash distillation to separate free water and a portion of light hydrocarbons; a bottom product of the flash distillation column is mixed with hydrogen and a self-sulfurizing oil-soluble transition metal catalyst, and then enters a slurry bed reactor for pre-hydrotreatment; a gas product obtained by performing separation on a reaction effluent is subjected to adsorption purification and then enters a hydrogen recycle compressor for cyclic use; a liquid product obtained by performing separation on a reaction effluent is subjected to hydrocyclone separation and solvent washing to remove solid residue, and finally a purified lubricating oil component is obtained.

Abstract: Aspects of the invention include methods of removing carbon dioxide (CO2) from a CO2 containing gas. In some instances, the methods include contacting CO2 containing gas with a bicarbonate buffered aqueous medium under conditions sufficient to produce a bicarbonate rich product. Where desired, the resultant bicarbonate rich product or a component thereof may then be stored or further processed, e.g., combined with a divalent alkaline earth metal cation, under conditions sufficient to produce a solid carbonate composition. Aspects of the invention further include systems for practicing the methods, as well as products produced by the methods.

Abstract: A sorbent structure that includes a continuous body in the form of a flow-through substrate comprised of at least one cell defined by at least one porous wall. The continuous body comprises a sorbent material carbon substantially dispersed within the body. Further, the temperature of the sorbent structure can be controlled by conduction of an electrical current through the body.

Abstract: The present invention describes the process of preparing ceramic materials for absorption of acidic gases, mainly carbon dioxide, in exhaust systems and/or present indoors. Ceramic materials are formed by a mixture of alkali carbonate with alkaline earth metal oxide/hydroxide associated with a binding component, but non-limiting. The alkali carbonate comprises sodium, potassium carbonate, or a mixture of both. The alkaline earth metal oxide/hydroxide may be formed from magnesium oxide or magnesium hydroxide as well as calcium oxide and/or calcium hydroxide.

Abstract: A system configured to capture CO2 and able to be washed of the captured CO2 includes a material including an ionic liquid configured to capture CO2 in response to exposure to a gas comprising CO2 and to a thermal energy source and an aerogel holding the ionic liquid therein. The system may also include a washing solution configured to wash the captured CO2 from the material.

Abstract: Disclosed is a filter for a water-purification device, the filter including a filter housing having a water inlet and a water outlet defined therein; and a filter member disposed in the filter housing to purify water introduced through the inlet and supply the purified water to the outlet, wherein the filter member includes a carbon block produced by mixing 40 to 50% by weight of titanium oxide, 30 to 40% by weight of activated carbon, and 18 to 23% by weight of binder with each other. Further, a water-purification device including the filter is disclosed.

Abstract: A membrane is described for purifying or separating hydrogen from a multi-component gas stream such as syngas. This membrane uses a molecular pre-treatment, a transition metal, fluorine containing polymer, carbon fibers and carbon matrix sintered on a supportive screen. The membrane may be a bilayer membrane comprised of a layer containing high surface area carbon and another layer containing lower surface area carbon. Methods for purifying hydrogen are also described.

Abstract: A process is presented to treat a process gas stream containing hydrogen sulfide using a reverse jet absorber with a liquid treatment solution containing a chelated metal catalyst. A treat gas substantially free of the hydrogen sulfide is separated from a spent liquid treatment solution containing elemental sulfur which can then be regenerated in an oxidation vessel where it is contacted with an oxygen containing gas to convert the spent liquid treatment solution to a regenerated liquid treatment solution that can be recycled for introduction into the reverse jet absorber.

Abstract: A method of capturing CO2 and converting the captured CO2 into useful byproducts includes providing a material including a material matrix holding an ionic liquid, exposing the material to a source of thermal energy to capture CO2 within the material, removing the material from exposure to the source of thermal energy, and washing the material with a solution to convert the captured CO2 and wash the converted, captured CO2 from the material as filtrate. Materials and systems for capturing CO2 and converting the captured CO2 into useful byproducts are also provided.

Abstract: A system and method for providing inerting gas to a protected space is disclosed. The system includes an air separation module that includes an air inlet, a membrane with a permeability differential between oxygen and nitrogen, a nitrogen-enriched air outlet, and an oxygen-enriched air outlet. The system also includes an air flow path between an air source and the air separation module inlet, and an inerting gas flow path between the air separation module nitrogen-enriched air outlet and the protected space.

Abstract: A catalyst for COS hydrolysis includes titanium dioxide and a barium compound supported on the titanium dioxide. The catalyst, when expressing Ba and S in the catalyst in terms of BaO and SO3, respectively, has a molar ratio of SO3 to BaO of at least 1. The catalyst converts COS and H2O in a raw material gas to CO2 and H2S.

Abstract: Systems and methods use bimetallic alloy particles for converting hydrogen sulfide (H2S) to hydrogen (H2) and sulfur (S), typically during multiple operations. In a first operation, metal alloy composite particles can be converted to a composite metal sulfide. In a second operation, composite metal sulfide from the first operation can be regenerated back to the metal alloy composite particle using an inert gas stream. Pure, or substantially pure, sulfur can also be generated during the second operation.

Abstract: A method with corresponding systems for reducing emission of amines to the atmosphere. The method includes a a) introducing a gas containing CO2 into an absorber; b) flowing the flue gas through an absorber having an absorbent with a water-lean solution having less than 50% water and one or more amines, with the absorbent capturing the CO2 and forming a reduced CO2 content gas having a baseline CO2 content; and c) washing the reduced CO2 content gas in a wash column with a wash solution comprising carbonic acid formed by addition of gaseous CO2 into the wash solution. In this method, the washing removes the amines from the reduced CO2 content gas and produces a reduced amine content gas exiting from the wash column.

Abstract: Provided are a chemical heat storage material having excellent cyclic durability and a method for producing the same. A chemical heat storage material includes: a surface layer formed of silica and/or calcium silicate; and calcium oxide particles with the surface layer.

Abstract: A hybrid zeolitic imidazolate framework having an isolated purity of at least 95 wt. %, which is a coordination product formed between zinc(II) ions, a linker of formula (I), and a linker of formula (II); wherein each linker of formulae (I) and (II) links together adjacent zinc(II) ions, R1 and R2 are independently a hydrogen, an optionally substituted alkyl, an optionally substituted aryl, a halo, a nitro, or a cyano, and R3 and R4 are independently hydrogen, an optionally substituted alkyl, an optionally substituted aryl, or an optionally substituted arylalkyl. A method of making the hybrid zeolitic imidazolate framework and a method of capturing CO2 from a gas mixture with the hybrid zeolitic imidazolate framework.

Abstract: A carbon dioxide separation recovery method includes: bringing a particulate carbon dioxide adsorbent and a treatment target gas containing carbon dioxide into contact with each other to make the carbon dioxide adsorbent adsorb the carbon dioxide contained in the treatment target gas; and bringing the carbon dioxide adsorbent which has adsorbed the carbon dioxide and superheated steam into contact with each other to desorb the carbon dioxide from the carbon dioxide adsorbent and thereby regenerate the carbon dioxide adsorbent, and recovering the desorbed carbon dioxide. A saturation temperature of the superheated steam which is brought into contact with the carbon dioxide adsorbent is not more than a temperature of the carbon dioxide adsorbent which contacts the superheated steam. The regenerated carbon dioxide adsorbent is utilized for adsorption of the carbon dioxide again without being subjected to a drying step.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a method of treating flue gas that has one or more components. The method comprises passing a solution through both a magnetic field and an electric field to form an activated solution. The method also comprises contacting the activated solution with the flue gas so that the one or more components of the flue gas are at least partially absorbed by the activated solution to form a residue solution.

Abstract: An integrated process for carbon dioxide capture, sequestration and utilization, includes a) providing an aqueous slurry with a particulate solid including an activated magnesium silicate mineral; b) contacting a CO2-containing gas stream with the aqueous slurry to provide a slurry comprising a magnesium ion enriched carbonated aqueous liquid and a magnesium depleted solid residue; c) subjecting at least part of the magnesium depleted solid residue to a particle size classification process that separates the magnesium depleted solid residue into a fine particle size fraction and a coarse particle size fraction; d) subjecting the coarse particle size fraction to a particle size reduction process; e) providing an aqueous slurry comprising particle size reduced fraction from step d) and repeating step b), wherein this step e) does not include using fine particle size fraction from step c); and f) precipitating magnesium carbonate from magnesium ions dissolved in b) and e).

Abstract: A process and system for treating a hydroprocessing unit effluent gas stream for recycling includes introducing the effluent gas stream into a hydrogen purification zone and recovering a hydrogen-rich gas stream and a liquid stream containing a mixture that includes C1 to C4 hydrocarbons and H2S which is then mixed with an oxidant and fed to an oxidation unit containing catalyst for conversion of the H2S to elemental sulfur vapors that is separated for recovery of the elemental sulfur, and recovering a sweetened mixture that includes C1 to C4 hydrocarbons.

Abstract: The invention relates to mixtures containing basic anion exchangers and flow regulators, the use thereof for the adsorption of acidic gases and of carbon dioxide in particular, a process for continuous gas adsorption, and heat exchangers that contain the mixtures containing basic anion exchangers and flow regulators.

Abstract: An energy-efficient, space-saving, low-cost, waste-heat-utilizing ventilating air conditioning apparatus uses a honeycomb rotor having a function of adsorbing or absorbing contaminants such as carbon dioxide and VOC gas. The honeycomb rotor is disposed in a rotor rotating device having at least a processing zone and a re-generation desorption zone. Air to be processed is passed through the processing zone to remove contaminants such as carbon dioxide to produce supply air. Water is directly sprayed or dropped into a heat exchanger provided at an entrance of the re-generation desorption zone to evaporate the generated water film by heating. The generated saturated steam is introduced for desorbing carbon dioxide and pollutants, and the stream is discharged the stream outdoors. The ventilating air conditioning apparatus can operate without the energy loss associated with ventilation.

Abstract: The invention relates to an installation and a method for treating hydrogen sulphide. In particular, the invention relates to an installation and a method comprising at least one system for oxidizing hydrogen sulfide to sulfur (S) and water (H2O) with a solid reagent and at least one oxidizing system with an agent for oxidizing the solid reagent present in the reduced state, wherein the system of oxidizing the hydrogen sulfide to sulfur and the system for oxidizing the solid reagent, are so arranged that the hydrogen sulfide is not brought into contact with the agent oxidizing the solid reagent.

Abstract: Methods of sequestering carbon dioxide (CO2) are provided. Aspects of the methods include contacting an aqueous capture ammonia with a gaseous source of CO2 under conditions sufficient to produce an aqueous ammonium carbonate. The aqueous ammonium carbonate is then combined with a cation source under conditions sufficient to produce a solid CO2 sequestering carbonate and an aqueous ammonium salt. The aqueous capture ammonia is then regenerated from the from the aqueous ammonium salt. Also provided are systems configured for carrying out the methods.

Abstract: A ventilating air conditioning apparatus has energy efficiency without energy loss associated with ventilation, has high space, saves space, and is low cost. The ventilating air conditioning apparatus has a honeycomb rotor having a function of adsorbing or absorbing contaminants such as carbon dioxide. The honeycomb rotor is disposed in a rotor rotating device having at least a process zone and a desorption regeneration zone. The processed air is passed through the process zone to remove contaminants such as carbon dioxide and the air is supplied. Saturated steam is introduced into the regeneration desorption zone to desorb contaminants such as carbon dioxide and is discharged to outdoors.

Abstract: A system and method for separating and/or purification of CO2 gas from a CO2 feed stream is described. The system and method include a plurality of fixed sorbent beds, adsorption zones and desorption zones, where the sorbent beds are connected via valve and lines to create a simulated moving bed system, where the sorbent beds move from one adsorption position to another adsorption position, and then into one regeneration position to another regeneration position, and optionally back to an adsorption position. The system and method operate by concentration swing adsorption/desorption and by adsorptive/desorptive displacement.

Abstract: A method for treating sulfide in an aqueous fluid comprises contacting the fluid with an oxidizer in the presence of a sulfur dye or sulfurized vat dye. In one embodiment, the method comprises treating; sulfide contaminated water by contacting the contaminated water with a gas including oxygen in the presence of a sulfur dye or a sulfurized vat dye. The method is useful for remediating industrial, agricultural, and municipal wastewater.

Abstract: Outside air is cooled and dehumidified by a pre-cooler to pass through an adsorption zone of a carbon dioxide adsorbing rotor, producing air having a low carbon dioxide concentration which is cooled by an intercooler. The air that has passed through the intercooler is passed through an adsorption zone of a moisture adsorption rotor and then supplied to a low humidity working chamber. Return air from the low humidity working chamber may be mixed with the air leaving the pre-cooler. A part of the air which passed through the intercooler is branched to pass through a purge zone of the moisture adsorption rotor before being sent to a regeneration zone of the humidity adsorption rotor. Air that passed through the regeneration zone of the humidity adsorption rotor is mixed with outside air and then passed through a regeneration zone of the carbon dioxide adsorption rotor before being exhausted.

Abstract: A method and system for abating the emissions of at least sulfur dioxide present in a tail gas emitted from sulfur recovery units are provided. The invention is characterized by the provision of at least two adsorber units in a parallel arrangement. While one adsorber is in an adsorption mode, it receives a gas contaminated w/ sulfur dioxide and adsorbs and removes the sulfur dioxide out of the gas. The other adsorber is in regeneration mode, and receives an acid gas stream comprising hydrogen sulfide as well as an oxygen-containing gas to regenerate the spent adsorbent material and produce an off-gas comprising hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide. This off-gas is then recycled back to the sulfur recovery unit.

Abstract: Copper adsorbents which are resistant to the reduction by the components of the synthesis gas at normal operation conditions. The adsorbents are produced by admixing small amounts of an inorganic halide, such as NaCl, to the basic copper carbonate precursor followed by calcination at a temperature sufficient to decompose the carbonate. The introduction of the halide can be also achieved during the forming stage of adsorbent preparation. These reduction resistant copper oxides can be in the form of composites with alumina and are especially useful for purification of synthesis gas and the removal of mercury, arsine, phosphine, as well as hydrogen sulfide.

Abstract: Herein are disclosed compositions of matter, processes of manufacture and processes of use of solid state admixtures that include an inorganic base and a sulfide selected from the group consisting of an ammonium sulfide, an alkali metal sulfide, an alkali-earth metal sulfide, transition metal sulfide, and a mixture thereof. The composition can include solid state inorganic bases (e.g., calcium hydroxide and sodium sesquicarbonate) and/or gaseous bases (e.g., ammonia) and, optionally, a support material for one or more of the inorganic base and sulfide. The compositions are useful for capturing environmental contaminants, for example, from the flue gas of a coal fired power plant.

Abstract: A method and a system capable of removing carbon dioxide directly from ambient air, and obtaining relatively pure CO2. The method comprises the steps of generating usable and process heat from a primary production process; applying the process heat from said primary process to co-generate substantially saturated steam, alternately repeatedly exposing a sorbent to removal and to capture regeneration system phases, wherein said sorbent is alternately exposed to a flow of ambient air during said removal phase, to sorb, and therefore remove, carbon dioxide from said ambient air, and to a flow of the process steam during the regeneration and capture phase, to remove the sorbed carbon dioxide, thus regenerating such sorbent, and capturing in relatively pure form the removed carbon dioxide. The sorbent can be carried on a porous thin flexible sheet constantly in motion between the removal location and the regeneration location.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to compounds, systems, and methods for adsorption of CO2 onto nanoclusters.

Abstract: A method for removing carbon dioxide directly from ambient air, using a sorbent under ambient conditions, to obtain relatively pure CO2. The CO2 is removed from the sorbent using process heat, preferably in the form of steam, at a temperature in the range of not greater than about 130° C., to capture the relatively pure CO2 and to regenerate the sorbent for repeated use. Increased efficiency can be achieved by admixing with the ambient air, prior to contacting the sorbent, a minor amount of a preferably pretreated effluent gas containing a higher concentration of carbon dioxide. The captured carbon dioxide can be stored for further use, or sequestered permanently. The above method provides purified carbon dioxide for further use in agriculture and chemical processes, or for permanent sequestration.

Abstract: In some embodiments, the present disclosure pertains to methods of capturing CO2 from an environment by hydrating a porous material with water molecules to the extent thereby to define a preselected region of a plurality of hydrated pores and yet to the extent to allow the preselected region of a plurality of pores of the porous material to uptake gas molecules; positioning the porous material within a CO2 associated environment; and capturing CO2 by the hydrated porous material. In some embodiments, the pore volume of the hydrated porous material includes between 90% and 20% of the pre-hydrated pore volume to provide unhydrated pore volume within the porous material for enhanced selective uptake of CO2 in the CO2 associated environment. In some embodiments, the step of capturing includes forming CO2-hydrates within the pores of the porous material, where the CO2.nH2O ratio is n<4.

Abstract: Compositions comprising highly reflective microcrystalline/amorphous materials are provided. In some instances, the highly reflective materials are microcrystalline or amorphous carbonate materials, which may include calcium and/or magnesium carbonate. In some instances, the materials are CO2 sequestering materials. Also provided are methods of making and using the compositions, e.g., to increase the albedo of a surface, to mitigate urban heat island effects, etc.

Abstract: A carbon dioxide capture system according to an embodiment includes an absorber, a stripper, and a heater. The absorber includes a first cleaning unit and a second cleaning unit. The first cleaning unit uses first cleaning liquid to clean combustion exhaust gas discharged from a carbon dioxide capturer and captures amine flowing together with the combustion exhaust gas. The second cleaning unit uses second cleaning liquid to clean the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the first cleaning unit and captures amine flowing together with the combustion exhaust gas. The heater heats the first cleaning liquid to a temperature higher than the temperature of an upper portion of the carbon dioxide capturer and of the second cleaning liquid.

Abstract: Methods of sorbing carbon dioxide on porous divinylbenzene/maleic anhydride polymeric sorbents are provided. Additionally, compositions resulting from sorbing carbon dioxide on porous divinylbenzene/maleic anhydride polymeric sorbents are provided. The porous polymeric sorbents typically have micropores, mesopores, or a combination thereof and can selectively remove carbon dioxide from other gases such as methane.

Abstract: A system for reducing carbon dioxide emissions from a flue gas generated via combusting a fossil fuel is provided. The system includes a carbonator and a classifier. The carbonator is configured to receive the flue gas and carbon absorbing particles. The classifier is fluidly connected to the carbonator and configured to receive a mixture that includes heat-transferring particles and the carbon absorbing particles. The mixture is fluidized within the classifier via the flue gas at a velocity such that the flue gas entrains and transports the carbon absorbing particles to the carbonator while the heat-transferring particles are not entrained nor transported to the carbonator.

Abstract: A carbon dioxide adsorbent may include a double salt having a first metal salt and a second metal salt. The first metal salt may include a first metal selected from Ca, Sr, and Ba. The second metal salt may include a second metal selected from Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs. The present disclosure also discloses a process for preparing the carbon dioxide adsorbent and a method of separating carbon dioxide using the same.

Abstract: An apparatus removes acidic gases from a gas stream. The apparatus remove acid gas from a gas stream in a manner that generates a product gas stream at a higher temperature while consuming less energy than the existing technology. The apparatus enables the positive gas temperature differential to be maintained by manipulating the absorber column operating conditions and/or the solvent chemistry to increase the amount of absorption and reaction in the absorber.

Abstract: A system for reducing SO2 emissions comprises a hydrogenation reactor, a tail gas cooler, a contact condenser, a hydrolysis reactor, and an absorber. The hydrogenation reactor is configured to receive a Claus tail gas and convert at least a portion of SO2 in the Claus tail gas to H2S to produce a hydrogenated Claus tail gas stream. The hydrolysis reactor is configured to convert at least a portion of COS to H2S. The absorber comprises an amine-based solvent and is configured to absorb at least a portion of the H2S and recycle the H2S to the Claus plant.

Abstract: The invention relates to hydrocarbon conversion processes, e.g., to processes for producing acetylene from hydrocarbon and then hydrogenating at least a portion of the acetylene. The invention also relates to polymerizing one or more products derived from the acetylene saturation, and to equipment useful for these processes.

Abstract: A method and a system capable of removing carbon dioxide directly from ambient air, and obtaining relatively pure CO2. The method comprises the steps of generating usable and process heat from a primary production process; applying the process heat from said primary process to co-generate substantially saturated steam, alternately repeatedly exposing a sorbent to removal and to capture regeneration system phases, wherein said sorbent is alternately exposed to a flow of ambient air during said removal phase, to sorb, and therefore remove, carbon dioxide from said ambient air, and to a flow of the process steam during the regeneration and capture phase, to remove the sorbed carbon dioxide, thus regenerating such sorbent, and capturing in relatively pure form the removed carbon dioxide. The sorbent can be carried on a porous thin flexible sheet constantly in motion between the removal location and the regeneration location.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for reducing the amount of CO2 in a carbon dioxide-containing source by using a regeneratable ion exchange material.

Abstract: A process for the production of synthesis gas from coke is described herein. The process comprises the steps of: (a) subjecting hard coal to dry pyrolysis, resulting in the production of a gas mixture containing hydrogen, methane, nitrogen and carbon monoxide as major constituents and carbon sulphides as minor constituents; (b) subjecting the gas mixture to hydrogenation at a temperature in the range of 200 to 280° C. over a sulphidic cobalt molybdenum catalyst provided on an aluminium oxide carrier material; and (c) separating the hydrogen sulphide obtained from hydrogenation from the gas mixture.

Abstract: A system and method of reducing the net carbon dioxide footprint of an industrial process that generates power from the combustion of hydrocarbon fuels in which ambient air is admixed with up to 50% by volume of an effluent gas from the power generator of the industrial process, in order to substantially increase the CO2 concentration in the air prior to treatment. The treatment comprises adsorbing CO2 from the admixed ambient air utilizing a cooled, porous substrate-supported amine adsorbent, wherein the porous substrate initially contacts the mixed ambient air containing condensed water in its pores, which act as an intrinsic coolant with respect to the exothermic heat generated by the adsorption process.