Abstract: A cleaning system for cleaning textiles and floor, wall and counter coverings includes a container having an inlet and an outlet and containing a predetermined volume of cleaning solution having at least one hydroxyl radical. A cleaning instrument is operably fluidly coupled the container, operable to disperse the cleaning solution to a surface to be cleaned. A vacuum is associated with the cleaning instrument for collecting dispersed cleaning solution. The cleaning solution can be applied at a relatively low temperature.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a preparation method of scribing rubber cement of a tire tread. The scribing rubber cement of the tire tread is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of natural rubber; 3.5 to 4.5 parts of zinc oxide; 1.5 to 2.5 parts of stearic acid; 15 to 25 parts of titanium white; 2.5 to 3.5 parts of insoluble sulfur; 0.9 to 1.1 parts of accelerant DM; 0.9 to 1.1 parts of rosin; and 15 to 25 parts of color masterbatch. The preparation method of the scribing rubber cement comprises the following steps: step 1) preparing rubber compound; and step 2) preparing the scribing rubber cement. The scribing rubber cement of the tire tread prepared by the present invention has high aesthetic degree and does not influence the product quality.

Abstract: A method of manufacture of high-solids hydroxide slurries from caustic calcined carbonate powder is described, whereby the properties of the slurry are its low resistance to shear thinning to facilitate transport, a high stability for transport and storage, ease of reconstitution after long periods of storage, and, as required, a high concentration of chemically reactive species at the particle surface. The method achieves these specifications by mixing caustic calcined carbonate or hydroxide powder with water in an insulated reactor vessel, and agitating the slurry sufficiently such that the hydration reaction causes the water to spontaneously boil, such that the remaining hydration proceeds spontaneously under the fixed conditions of boiling through the water loss. The mixing process is preferably carried out by a shear pump. A viscosity modifier, such as acetic acid, is used to thin the slurry to enable the mixing system to maintain uniform mixing.

Abstract: A dielectric powder includes a core-shell structure including a core region formed in an inner portion thereof and a shell region covering the core region. The core region includes barium titanate (BaTiO3) doped with a metal oxide, and the shell region is formed of a ferroelectric material.

Abstract: A hand-held electromechanical surgical device is configured to selectively connect with a surgical accessory. The surgical device includes a power-pack, an outer shell housing, and a gasket. The power-pack is configured to selectively control a surgical accessory. The outer shell housing includes a distal half-section and a proximal half-section, the distal half-section and the proximal half-section together defining a cavity configured to selectively encase substantially the entire power-pack therein. The gasket is located between the distal half-section and the proximal half-section of the outer shell housing. The gasket is configured to create a seal between the distal half-section and the proximal half-section and to provide a sterile barrier between the power-pack and an outside environment outside the outer shell housing.

Abstract: The present invention aims to provide techniques for efficiently preparing calcium carbonate particles having an average primary particle size of less than 1 ?m. Calcium carbonate microparticles having an average primary particle size of less than 1 ?m can be synthesized efficiently by synthesizing calcium carbonate in the presence of cavitation bubbles.

Abstract: A process and a resulting product by process of an aluminum hydride which is modified with by physically combining in a ball milling process an aluminum hydride with a triammonium salt of aurin tricarboxylic acid. The resulting product is an aluminum hydride which is resistant to air, ambient moisture, and liquid water while maintaining useful hydrogen storage and release kinetics.

Abstract: Methods for producing aluminum hydride are provided herein. Exemplary methods may include combining an amount of aluminum with an amount of a metal in such a way that a eutectic mixture is formed and treating the eutectic mixture with hydrogen gas to produce aluminum hydride. Various methods and processes are conducted under anhydrous conditions or within anhydrous systems.

Abstract: Disclosed is an organic dispersion of inorganic platelets, which includes an organic solvent and H-form inorganic platelets dispersed therein. The H-form inorganic platelets have a particle size of between about 20 and 80 nm and the organic dispersion has a sold content of between about 1 and 20 wt %. A method for forming the organic dispersion is also provided.

Abstract: A process for modifying the surface of a carbon black by contacting said carbon black with a conjugated diimine compound. The conjugated diimine compound may comprise various substituents to provide the carbon black with desired corresponding properties, such as groups to impart increased hydrophilicity and self-dispersibility to the carbon black. Other embodiments relate to novel carbon black products, which may be prepared according to a process of the invention. The carbon black products may be used in the same applications as conventional carbon blacks. Such uses include, but are not limited to, plastic compositions, aqueous inks, aqueous coatings, rubber compositions, paper compositions, and textile compositions. In a specific embodiment, the resulting surface modified carbon black is employed as a pigment in an aqueous inkjet ink composition.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of at least one compound of formula (1): R-Sn-R???(1) wherein R and R? are each a hydrocarbon radical containing between 1 and 12 carbon atoms and n is a whole number between 1 and 8, for maintaining the viscosity of liquid sulfur at a value lower than 60,000 mPa·s, preferably lower than 30,000 mPa·s, especially preferably lower than 10,000 mPa·s. The invention also relates to a method for preparing low-viscosity liquid sulfur and to liquid sulfur compositions comprising at least one compound of formula (1).

Abstract: This invention provides processes and systems for converting biomass into high-carbon biogenic reagents that are suitable for a variety of commercial applications. Some embodiments employ pyrolysis in the presence of an inert gas to generate hot pyrolyzed solids, condensable vapors, and non-condensable gases, followed by separation of vapors and gases, and cooling of the hot pyrolyzed solids in the presence of the inert gas. Additives may be introduced during processing or combined with the reagent, or both. The biogenic reagent may include at least 70 wt %, 80 wt %, 90 wt %, 95 wt %, or more total carbon on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may have an energy content of at least 12,000 Btu/lb, 13,000 Btu/lb, 14,000 Btu/lb, or 14,500 Btu/lb on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may be formed into fine powders, or structural objects. The structural objects may have a structure and/or strength that derive from the feedstock, heat rate, and additives.

Abstract: A container containing a cobalt carbonyl complex and a gas that contains carbon monoxide, and a cobalt carbonyl complex composition comprising a cobalt carbonyl complex and a solvent, wherein the concentration of carbon monoxide dissolved in the solvent is 0.001 to 1 wt %. Since the cobalt carbonyl complex contained in the above container or the above composition can retain its sublimation properties for a long time without being converted into a stable complex, when a cobalt film is formed by chemical vapor deposition using the container and the composition, a high-quality film can be formed by a simple process, and the production cost of the cobalt film can be reduced due to high use efficiency of the precursor.

Abstract: An aqueous solution includes HCl present in an amount exceeding 37% by weight. The solution further includes a fixing agent that is urea and/or a urea derivative. The fixing agent is present in the solution in a molar ratio of between 0.25 and 2.0 of fixing agent to HCl, inclusive.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process for treating water and the use of calcium carbonate in such a process. In particular, the present invention is directed to a process for remineralization of water comprising the steps of (a) providing feed water having a concentration of carbon dioxide of at least 20 mg/l, preferably in a range of 25 to 100 mg/l, and more preferably in a range of 30 to 60 mg/l, (b) providing an aqueous slurry comprising micronized calcium carbonate, and (c) combining the feed water of step (a) and the aqueous slurry of step (b) in order to obtain remineralized water.

Abstract: The present invention provides a gypsum composition, a gypsum board and their preparation method and the use of DHA as an anti-sagging additive in a gypsum product. Said gypsum board comprises set gypsum prepared from the composition; while said composition comprises gypsum, and an anti-deformation additive, wherein the anti-deformation additive comprises at least one selected from a group consisting of dehydroascorbic acid, dehydroascorbate and semidehydroascorbic acid. The set gypsum prepared from the said composition shows better anti-sagging or deformation resisting property. The gypsum product of the present invention is hardly distorted and has stronger stability even in the condition of high humidity, thus improve the quality of the gypsum product to meet the demands of the customer.

Abstract: A method of producing an n-type group III nitride single crystal includes putting raw materials that include at least a substance including a group III element, an alkali metal, and boron oxide into a reaction vessel; melting the boron oxide by heating the reaction vessel to a melting point of the boron oxide; forming a mixed melt which includes the group III element, the alkali metal, and the boron oxide, in the reaction vessel by heating the reaction vessel to a crystal growth temperature of a group III nitride; dissolving nitrogen into the mixed melt by bringing a nitrogen-containing gas into contact with the mixed melt; and growing an n-type group III nitride single crystal, which is doped with oxygen as a donor, from the group III element, the nitrogen, and oxygen in the boron oxide that are dissolved in the mixed melt.

Abstract: The invention relates to a solution of lithium aluminum hydride in 2-methyltetrahydrofuran or a solvent mixture containing 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, a method for producing said solution and use of the same.

Abstract: A method of forming a powder MjXp wherein Mj is a positive ion or several positive ions selected from alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or transition metal; and Xp is a monoatomic or a polyatomic anion selected from Groups IIIA, IVA, VA, VIA or VIIA; called complexometric precursor formulation or CPF. The method includes the steps of: providing a first reactor vessel with a first gas diffuser and an first agitator; providing a second reactor vessel with a second gas diffuser and a second agitator; charging the first reactor vessel with a first solution comprising a first salt of Mj; introducing gas into the first solution through the first gas diffuser, charging the second reactor vessel with a second solution comprising a salt of Mp; adding the second solution to the first solution to form a complexcelle; drying the complexcelle, to obtain a dry powder; and calcining the dried powder of said MjXp.

Abstract: A garnet-type single crystal is represented by a general formula, A3B2C3O12 (having a crystal structure with three sites A, B and C occupied by cations, wherein A represents an element occupying the site A, B represents an element occupying the site B, C represents an element occupying the site C, O represents an oxygen atom), and contains fluorine, in which the fluorine attains any one or both of substituting for the oxygen atom or compensating for oxygen defect.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of modified ZnO particles in which a zinc salt and a base are mixed in a polar solvent and, if appropriate after the precipitation of a precipitation product, the polar solvent is removed and a residue is obtained, where the residue is taken up in a nonpolar solvent, surface-active substances are added, optionally further effect substances are added and then the modified ZnO particles are separated off from further by-products. Materials such as plastics, coatings or paints comprising modified ZnO particles. Methods for the incorporation of modified ZnO particles into materials, where the modified ZnO particles are incorporated into the materials in the form of dispersions or suspensions. Use of modified ZnO particles for protecting material against the effect of light, heat, oxygen or free radicals, as catalysts, for semiconductive films or cosmetic applications.

Abstract: A silica having metal ions absorbed thereon and a fabricating method thereof are provided. The silica having metal ions absorbed thereon is a silica having metal ions absorbed thereon and being modified with persulfate salt. The method includes following steps. A solution is provided, and the solution includes silica and persulfate salt therein. The solution is heated to react the silica with the persulfate salt, so as to obtain silica modified with persulfate salt. Metal ion source is added in the solution, the metal ion source dissociates metal ions, and the silica modified with persulfate salt absorbs the metal ions to obtain the silica having metal ions absorbed thereon.

Abstract: One use for irradiated graphite after remediation processing is to recycle it into a new graphite artifact. Examples of such artifacts include an electrode to be used for vitrification of radionucleotides, graphite or carbon articles for uranium processing, a moderator for a HTGR, in particularly a Gen IV HTGR, other types of graphite products for nuclear facilities, charcoal filters, silicon carbide applications, etc. Such graphite artifacts can be formed with up to 20 pph of carbon black, the carbon black is formed from vitrified irradiated graphite. Optionally the graphite artifact may be formed from up to 75 pph of pitch.

Abstract: Disclosed is an organic dispersion of inorganic platelets, which includes an organic solvent and H-form inorganic platelets dispersed therein. The H-form inorganic platelets have a particle size of between about 20 and 80 nm and the organic dispersion has a sold content of between about 1 and 20 wt %. A method for forming the organic dispersion is also provided.

Abstract: Provided are a method for producing sodium tungstate by supplying an oxidant made of sodium nitrate or sodium nitrite to bring a tungsten containing material and the oxidant into contact with each other in an atmosphere containing oxygen to thereby continuously produce a reaction product; a method for collecting tungsten using the method; and an apparatus for producing sodium tungstate. Also provided are a method for producing a sodium tungstate aqueous solution in which a reductant is introduced into a melt containing the above-described reaction product which is then dissolved in water; and a method for collecting tungsten using the method.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods of use thereof for the production of carbon-based and other nanostructures, as well as fuels and reformed products, are provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides an organic dispersion of inorganic platelets, which includes an organic solvent and H-form inorganic platelets dispersed therein. The H-form inorganic platelets have a particle size of between about 20 and 80 mm and the organic dispersion has a sold content of between about 1 and 20 wt %. A method for forming the organic dispersion is also provided.

Abstract: A method for producing particles containing a metal oxide is provided, and the method includes: feeding a metal oxide sol having a pH of 7 or higher and containing metal oxide colloidal particles as dispersoids and water as a dispersion medium, into a liquid containing a solvent having a solubility in 20° C. water of 0.05 g/100 ml or more and having a relative permittivity of 30 or lower (protic solvent) or of 40 or lower (aprotic solvent) at 20° C., and thereby forming aggregates of the metal oxide colloidal particles in the liquid; and subjecting the aggregates to a treatment such as drying and heating, and thereby converting the aggregates into particles that are insoluble in water. By appropriately selecting the solvent, particles can be obtained in the form of flakes, fibers, spheres, and the like.

Abstract: A gettered polycrystalline group III metal nitride is formed by heating a group III metal with an added getter in a nitrogen-containing gas. Most of the residual oxygen in the gettered polycrystalline nitride is chemically bound by the getter. The gettered polycrystalline group III metal nitride is useful as a raw material for ammonothermal growth of bulk group III nitride crystals.

Abstract: Processes for forming high iron content ferric chloride solutions, reconstituting ferric chloride solutions, and transporting the stable ferric chloride solutions with the high iron content are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a rapid and metal-free process for preparing high order hydridosilane compounds from low order hydridosilane compounds, wherein at least one low order hydridosilane compound (I) is thermally reacted in the presence of at least one hydridosilane compound (II) having a weight average molecular weight of at least 500 g/mol, to the hydridosilane compounds obtainable by the process and to their use.

Abstract: Provided is an arsenic-containing solid comprising 100 parts by mass of a scorodite-type iron-arsenic compound and at least 1 part by mass of an iron oxide compound added thereto, in which the scorodite-type iron-arsenic compound is produced by adding an oxidizing agent to an aqueous acidic solution that contains a 5-valent arsenic (V) ion and a 2-valent iron (II) ion, then promoting the precipitation of an iron-arsenic compound with stirring the liquid, and finishing the precipitation thereof within a range where the pH of the liquid is at most 1.2. The iron oxide compound includes goethite, hematite and their mixture, preferably having a BET specific surface area of at least 3 m2/g, more preferably at least 20 m2/g.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a mayenite-type compound in which a part of Ca of a mayenite-type compound containing Ca, Al and oxygen is substituted by at least one kind of an atom M selected from the group consisting of Be, Mg and Sr, in which the mayenite-type compound has an atom number ratio represented by M/(Ca+M) of from 0.01 to 0.50, and at least a part of free oxygen ions in a mayenite-type crystal structure are substituted by anions of an atom having electron affinity smaller than that of an oxygen atom.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of improving and stabilizing concentrated solutions and in particular to improving and stabilizing concentrated solutions for the extraction of nucleic acids from sample material. Thus, the present invention, further, relates to the field of molecular biology. The present invention describes the use of betaines for stabilizing organic salts or chaotropic agents in solution which is particularly useful in cases where organic salts or chaotropic agents are present at high concentration such as for example chaotropic agents in buffers for the extraction of nucleic acids from sample material. The present invention describes the corresponding buffers and further relates to processes for the extraction of nucleic acids from sample material as well as processes for the analysis of sample material. Moreover, the present invention relates to kits and cartridges comprising at least one container with the corresponding buffer.

Abstract: A process for the production of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate out of trona, comprising crushing trona ore and dissolving it in a leaching tank containing a solution comprising sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate, and an additive selected from the group consisting of: phosphates, phospholipids, carboxylates, carboxilic acids, and combinations thereof, saturated in sodium bicarbonate, in order to produce solid particles suspended in a production solution comprising sodium carbonate, the solid particles containing insoluble impurities and at least 65% by weight of sodium bicarbonate. The solid particles are separated from the production solution containing sodium carbonate. At least part of the production solution containing sodium carbonate is taken out of the leaching tank.

Abstract: A tin-carbon compound that is a reaction product of tin and carbon, wherein the tin and the carbon form a single phase material that is meltable. The compound is one in which the carbon does not phase separate from the tin when the single phase material is heated to a melting temperature.

Abstract: A zinc-carbon compound that is a reaction product of zinc and carbon, wherein the zinc and the carbon form a single phase material that is meltable. The compound is one in which the carbon does not phase separate from the zinc when the single phase material is heated to a melting temperature.

Abstract: A lead-carbon compound that is a reaction product of lead and carbon, wherein the lead and the carbon form a single phase material that is meltable. The compound is one in which the carbon does not phase separate from the lead when the single phase material is heated to a melting temperature.

Abstract: A gold-carbon compound that is a reaction product of gold and carbon, wherein the gold and the carbon form a single phase material that is meltable. The compound is one in which the carbon does not phase separate from the gold when the single phase material is heated to a melting temperature.

Abstract: Methods are generally disclosed for synthesis of porous particles from a solution formed from a leaving agent, a surfactant, and a soluble metal salt in a solvent. The surfactant congregates to form a nanoparticle core such that the metal salt forms about the nanoparticle core to form a plurality of nanoparticles. The solution is heated such that the leaving agent forms gas bubbles in the solution, and the plurality of nanoparticles congregate about the gas bubbles to form a porous particle. The porous particles are also generally disclosed and can include a particle shell formed about a core to define an average diameter from about 0.5 ?m to about 50 ?m. The particle shell can be formed from a plurality of nanoparticles having an average diameter of from about 1 nm to about 50 nm and defined by a metal salt formed about a surfactant core.

Abstract: An iron-carbon composition including iron chemically bonded to carbon, wherein the iron and the carbon form a single phase material, characterized in that the carbon does not phase separate from the iron when the single phase material is heated to a temperature that melts the iron-carbon composition.

Abstract: A method of preparing high refractive index nanoparticles includes adding a polymer stabilizer to a solvent, and forming high refractive index nanoparticles by adding high refractive index nanoparticle materials to the solvent and stirring the same. The high refractive index nanoparticle materials may have a refractive index equal to or greater than 1.8, and sizes of the high refractive index nanoparticles may be determined by adjusting a content of the polymer stabilizer to control an amount of the polymer stabilizer adsorbed to surfaces of the high refractive index nanoparticles.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing an evenly mixed additive enhanced gypsum slurry to a web. Calcined gypsum and water are inserted into a mixer through at least one inlet of the mixer. The contents are agitated to form a slurry. The slurry is passed from an outlet of the mixer into a conduit. An additive is introduced into the slurry along a length of the conduit to achieve a flow stream of a slurry/additive mixture. A cross section of the flow stream is expanded in the conduit while not changing direction of the flow stream and a direction of the flow stream is changed while not expanding the cross section of the flow stream and conduit, all prior to the flow steam exiting from an outlet of the conduit.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a disordered porous silicon dioxide material including applying a fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether as an additive. The fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether has a formula of RO—(CH2CH2O)n—H, R is C8-24H17-49, and n=9-30.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of functionalized particles includes providing a feedstock made of particles, a surface treatment agent reactive with the particles, and solvent. The feedstock is exposed to microwave radiation to heat the feedstock and react the particles with the surface treatment agent to provide the functionalized particles in less than about 60 minutes.

Abstract: Sol-gel inorganic porous particles can be formed with two set of pores with different average sizes. These inorganic porous particles are composed of an inorganic compound that provides an inorganic solid phase including an external particle surface. They also have a first set of pores wherein the pores have an average diameter of less than 100 nm and a second set of pores wherein the pores have an average diameter of at least 100 nm. The second set of pores contains stabilizing organic microgel particles. The first and second sets of pores are isolated from each other within the inorganic solid phase.

Abstract: Sol-gel inorganic porous particles are composed of an inorganic compound that provides an inorganic solid phase including an external particle surface. They also have a first set of pores wherein the pores have an average diameter of less than 100 nm and a second set of pores wherein the pores have an average diameter of at least 100 nm, which second set of pores contains stabilizing organic microgel particles. These inorganic porous particles are prepared using a first oil phase comprising a first water-immiscible aprotic solvent having a dielectric constant of less than 10 and having dissolved therein organic microgel particles. An aqueous phase comprising a polar solvent, an inorganic gel precursor, a catalyst, and a dispersing surfactant is neutralized to initiate condensation of the inorganic gel precursor. An oil-in-water emulsion is then formed with the organic microgel particles in the first oil phase, which is dispersed as first oil phase droplets in the aqueous phase.

Abstract: The present invention provides an organic dispersion of inorganic platelets, which includes an organic solvent and H-form inorganic platelets dispersed therein. The H-form inorganic platelets have a particle size of between about 20 and 80 mm and the organic dispersion has a sold content of between about 1 and 20 wt %. A method for forming the organic dispersion is also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is a niobium suboxide powder for the manufacture of capacitors with higher break down voltages, higher temperatures of operation and elongated lifetimes. The powder is doped with nitrogen which is at least partly present in the form homogeneously distributed, x-ray detectable Nb2N-crystal domains. The niobium suboxide powder contains niobium suboxide particles having a bulk nitrogen content of between 500 to 20,000 ppm.

Abstract: A chemically doped boron coating is applied by chemical vapor deposition to a silicon carbide fiber and the coated fiber then is exposed to magnesium vapor to convert the doped boron to doped magnesium diboride and a resultant superconductor.