Abstract: An oxidizer head assembly includes a head body defining an inlet flange, an outlet flange, and a wall, where the inlet flange, the outlet flange, and the wall define a cavity positioned between the inlet flange and the outlet flange, a plurality of nozzles extending through the cavity, a fuel inlet in communication with the plurality of nozzles, where a fuel passes through the fuel inlet and the plurality of nozzles, a shield gas inlet in communication with the cavity, and a porous diffuser plate extending across the outlet opening, the porous diffuser plate including apertures for the plurality of nozzles and a plurality of pores, where a shield gas passes through the shield gas inlet, through the cavity, and through the plurality of pores of the porous diffuser plate around the plurality of nozzles.

Abstract: An article includes a ceramic-based substrate and a barrier layer on the ceramic-based substrate. The barrier layer includes a matrix phase and a network of gettering particles in the matrix phase. The gettering particles have an average maximum dimension between about 30 and 70 microns. The gettering particles have maximum dimensions that range from about 1 to 100 microns, and a dispersion of barium-magnesium alumino-silicate particles in the matrix phase. A composite material and a method of applying a barrier layer to a substrate are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for producing a plate type metal-silica composite aerogel and a plate type metal-silica composite aerogel produced thereby in which the metal salt concentration and the basic catalyst concentration are adjusted to form a plate type intermediate first, and then an appropriate amount of a water glass solution is added, thereby enabling the plate type metal-silica composite aerogel to be produced in a short time under conditions of low temperature and atmospheric pressure, so that the process is simpler than the conventional production method, and the cost is reduced, which is excellent in economy. Also provided is a plate type metal-silica composite aerogel, which is produced by the claimed method and has excellent dispersibility that requires no additional surface modifier.

Abstract: Ceramic black materials for use as, or in, colorants, inks, pigments, dyes, additives and formulations utilizing these black materials. Black ceramics having silicon, oxygen and carbon, and methods of making these ceramics; formulations utilizing these black ceramics; and devices, structures and apparatus that have or utilize these formulations. Plastics, paints, inks, coatings, formulations, liquids and adhesives containing ceramic black materials, preferably polymer derived black ceramic materials, and in particular polysilocarb polymer derived ceramic materials.

Abstract: Ceramic black materials for use as, or in, colorants, inks, pigments, dyes, additives and formulations utilizing these black materials. Black ceramics having silicon, oxygen and carbon, and methods of making these ceramics; formulations utilizing these black ceramics; and devices, structures and apparatus that have or utilize these formulations. Plastics, paints, inks, coatings, formulations, liquids and adhesives containing ceramic black materials, preferably polymer derived black ceramic materials, and in particular polysilocarb polymer derived ceramic materials. The instant materials are particles which are pyrolyzed and are defined by having a specific Si, C and O content and having carbon which is both free and silicon bound. The particles are prepared by specific processes, as defined herein.

Abstract: A device for recovering SiCl4 slurry and method for the same, comprising a paddle dryer for receiving SiCl4 slurry containing chlorosilane; a first spray scrubber for receiving exhaust gas from the paddle dryer; a condenser for condensing and recovering the purifying exhaust gas from the first spray scrubber and discharging supersaturated vapor that after condensation and separation; a defogging separator for removing liquid droplets from supersaturated vapor which is cooled by the condenser; a hydrolysis tank for receiving and hydrolyzing a paste-like slurry from the paddle dryer and vapor from the defogging separator to produce mixture and exhaust gas; a drum pressure filter for receiving neutralization products from a neutralization stirring tank.

Abstract: A method for removing fluorinated greenhouse gas from a gas stream comprises reacting at least one fluorinated greenhouse gas in a gas stream with at least one of a silane-based and a borane-based compound to provide an abated gas stream. An apparatus for removing fluorinated greenhouse gases from a gas stream comprises a fluorinated gas decomposer unit configured to decompose fluorinated greenhouse gases in a gas stream. The apparatus further comprises a silane-based or a borane-based compound introduction unit configured to introduce at least one of a silane-based and a borane-based compound into the fluorinated gas decomposer unit.

Abstract: An apparatus for mixing a vaporized precursor with a gas for producing silica particles is provided. The apparatus includes a mixer housing, a precursor delivery chamber having an output in communication with the mixer housing for delivering a vaporized precursor in the mixer housing, and an oxidizing gas delivery chamber having an output in communication with the mixer housing for delivering an oxidizing gas to be mixed with the vaporized precursor. The apparatus further includes a flashback member disposed within the mixer housing and between the output of the precursor delivery chamber and the output of the oxidizing gas delivery chamber. The flashback member is located at a minimum distance from the output of the oxidizing gas delivery chamber defined by Lminimum (cm)=0.453U (Re)?0.5567, wherein U is the flow rate in cm/sec of precursor and Re is the flow Reynolds number. The flashback member may include a tapered surface on at least one side to reduce recirculation of vaporized gas.

Abstract: Silicon dioxide powder in the form of aggregated primary particles has a specific pore length L of 2.5×105 to 4×105 m/?g, where L is defined as the quotient formed from the square of the BET surface area and the cumulative 2-50 nm pore volume determined using the BJH method, as per the formula L=(BET×BET)/BJH volume. A silanized silicon dioxide powder in the form of aggregated primary particles has a specific pore length L of 2.5×105 to 3.5×105 m/?g, and in it the surface area of the aggregates or parts thereof is occupied by chemically bound silyl groups. A thermal insulant comprises the silicon dioxide powder and/or the silanized silicon dioxide powder.

Abstract: A method and system for reduction or mitigation of metal contamination of polycrystalline silicon are disclosed. Metal contamination of granulate polycrystalline silicon, from contact with a metal surface of components of the supporting transportation and auxiliary infrastructure of a fluidized bed reactor unit, is mitigated by use of a protective coating comprising a microcellular elastomeric polyurethane.

Abstract: A semiconductor encapsulation material which exhibits a low viscosity and further improved moldability in encapsulation even when highly loaded with an inorganic filler; an amorphous siliceous powder suitable for the preparation of a resin composition useful as the encapsulation material; and a process for the production of the amorphous siliceous powder. An amorphous siliceous powder having a content of Si and Al of 99.5 mass % or above in terms of oxides, wherein the Al content in the particle size region of 15 ?m to less than 70 ?m is 100 to 30000 ppm in terms of oxides; the Al content in the particle size region of 3 ?m to less than 15 ?m is 100 to 7000 ppm in terms of oxides; and the Al content in the whole particle size region is 100 to 25000 ppm in terms of oxides. It is preferable that the (A)/(B) ratio of the Al content (A) in the particle size region of 15 ?m to less than 70 ?m to the Al content (B) in the particle size region of 3 ?m to less than 15 ?m be 1.0 to 20.

Abstract: Fumed silicon dioxide powder with a BET surface area of 20 to 35 m2/g, characterized in that a) the number-based median particle diameter is 60 to 150 nm, and b) the proportion of particles with a diameter of 200 nm or more is at most 10%, and c) the proportion of particles with a diameter of up to 60 nm is at most 20%, based in each case on the total number of particles.

Abstract: Surface-modified, pyrogenically prepared silica is prepared by subjecting the pyrogenically prepared silica, which is in the form of aggregates of primary particles and possesses a BET surface area of 150±15 m2/g, the aggregates having an average area of 12 000-20 000 nm2, an average equivalent circle diameter (ECD) of 90-120 nm and an average circumference of 1150-1700 nm, to surface-modification in a known way. It can be used as a filler for thickening liquid systems.

Abstract: Fumed silicon dioxide powder in the form of aggregated primary particles having a BET surface area of 175±15 m2/g and a thickening effect, based on the BET surface area, of greater than 18 mPas g/m2 is hydrophobicized with polydimethylsiloxane. This hydrophobic fumed silica has a BET surface area of 110±25 m2/g. It can be used in epoxy resins. These epoxy resins in turn can be used as adhesives.

Abstract: Adhesive and sealant systems Adhesive and sealant systems on the basis of unsaturated polyester resins, epoxy resins, polyurethane, silane-terminated polymers, vinyl ester resins, acrylates, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl ethers, ethylene-vinyl acetate, ethylene-acrylic acid copolymers, polyvinyl acetates, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, styrene-butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber, nitrile rubber, butyl rubber, polysulphide, polyethylene, polypropylene, fluorinated hydrocarbons, polyamides, saturated polyesters and copolyesters, phenol-formaldehyde resins, cresol-/resorcinol-formaldehyde resins, urea-formaldehyde resins, melamine-formaldehyde resins, polyimides, polybenzimidazoles or polysulphones and containing 1% to 15% by weight of a hydrophilic fumed silica structurally modified by grinding.

Abstract: The invention provides structurally modified, pyrogenically prepared silicas obtained by reaction of pyrogenic silicas with cyclic polysiloxanes of the type —[O—Si(R2)]n—, where R is a C1 to C6 alkyl group and n is 3 to 9, and subsequent structural modification of the silanized silicas obtained. The invention further provides an adhesive comprising the structurally modified, pyrogenically prepared silicas.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus are disclosed herein for recovery of high-purity silicon, silicon carbide and PEG from a slurry produced during a wafer cutting process. A silicon-containing material can be processed for production of a silicon-rich composition. Silicon carbide and PEG recovered from the silicon-containing material can be used to form a wafer-saw cutting fluid. The silicon-rich composition can be reacted with iodine containing compounds that can be purified and/or used to form deposited silicon of high purity. The produced silicon can be used in the photovoltaic industry or semiconductor industry.

Abstract: Silicone rubber containing a fumed silica doped with potassium by means of aerosol.

Abstract: Particles having a relative viscosity or thickening effect ?relof more than 2, measured in a liquid medium having a viscosity of 1 Pas at a temperature of 25° C. and measured at a shear gradient of 10 s?1. The particles can form beds having a porosity ?>0.5 in a dry form.

Abstract: Rubber mixtures are prepared by using, alongside the other constituents, pyrogenically prepared silicon dioxide in the form of crusts whose tamped bulk density (to DIN EN ISO 787-11) is from 185 to 700 g/l.

Abstract: A process for generating energy comprises process comprises exothermically reacting Mg with SiO2 to yield at least Mg2Si and Si; b)reacting the Mg2Si to yield at least lower silanes, and at least one magnesium product; c) generating at least higher silanes from at least a portion of the lower silanes; d) combusting the higher silanes and the Si to yield at least one silicon product.

Abstract: A large scale process for preparing fumed silica with consistent product parameters wherein a silica precursor compound is fed to a burner at ?100 Kg/h along with a combusting gas at ?300 m3/h and a combustible gas at ?100 m3/h, with a nozzle gas velocity between 10 and 200 m/s, and a radially symmetrical, homogenous gas velocity and gas temperature.

Abstract: A method of producing a range of diatomaceous earth filter aids having selectable permeabilities and less than about 1 percent by weight total crystalline silica. The method includes milling diatomaceous earth ore to a size range of between about 100 micrometers and about 1400 micrometers; calcining the milled diatomaceous earth in a calciner; and milling the calcined diatomaceous earth in an adjustable milling and classification system to produce diatomaceous earth filter aids. Systems to implement such methods and compositions produced by such methods are also described.

Abstract: Disclosed are mesoporous silica particles and a preparation method thereof, particularly, a method of preparing mesoporous silica particles, including mixing a silica precursor, an alkylamine-based surfactant, and a phosphoric acid-based cosurfactant, thus preparing a mixture solution (a mother liquor); adding or not adding the mixture solution with an acid solution, and conducting stirring, thus providing mesoporous silica particles; and thermally treating the mesoporous silica particles. These mesoporous silica particles are prepared using a phosphoric acid-based cosurfactant for stabilizing the surface of the particles to prevent the aggregation thereof, thereby uniformly distributing the particles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to elastomeric compounds having a high filler content additionally containing 1 to 400% by weight of resin of microsilica as a modifier to improve the processability. Thereafter, the invention relates to a method for production of elastomeric compounds having a high filler content, wherein microsilica is added to the elastomeric compounds in an amount of 1 to 400% by weight of resin as a modifier to improve processability.

Abstract: The invention provides fumed silica comprising aggregates that have an aggregate size and a surface area that satisfy particular formulas relating aggregate size to surface area, as well as aggregates that exhibit particular viscosity, power law exponent index, and/or elastic modulus characteristics when dispersed in liquid media. The invention also provides processes of preparing such fumed silica by combining a silica precursor with a stream of combustible gas, combusting the stream, and producing a stream of combusted gas and fumed silica particles, wherein dopants are introduced, the time/temperature profile, or history, of the stream of combusted gas and fumed silica particles is adjusted to allow for post-quench aggregate growth, and/or additional silica precursor is introduced into the stream of combusted gas.

Abstract: Surface-modified, fumed silica having the data: BET surface area, m2/g: 25-400; Average primary particle size, nm: 5-50; pH: 3-10; Carbon content, % by weight: 0.1-10; Potassium content (calculated as potassium oxide), % by weight: 0.000001-40; is prepared by subjecting a fumed silica to surface modification in the presence of potassium compounds. It can be used in LSR silicone rubber compositions as a filler.

Abstract: Hexachlorodisilane is decomposed into hydrochloric acid, silicon dioxide and water by introducing hexachlorodisilane-containing flue gas into a reaction region without moistening the flue gas and by supplying oxygen-containing gas that also contains a small amount of moisture to the reaction region maintained at a temperature at which hexachlorodisilane decomposes.

Abstract: A method for producing crystallized silicon according to the EFG process by using a shaping part, between which part and a silicon melt, crystallized silicon grows in a growth zone. Inert gas and at least water vapor are fed into the silicon melt and/or growth zone, by means of which the oxygen content of the crystallized silicon is increased. From 50 to 250 ppm of vapor water is added to the inert gas, and the inert gas has an oxygen, CO and/or CO2 content of less than 20 ppm total.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the production of fumed silica. The process comprises providing a silicon halide feedstock comprising about 80% to 100% methyltrichlorosilane, combining the silicon halide feedstock with hydrogen gas and oxygen gas to form a reactant mixture, discharging the reactant mixture out of a burner, and combusting the hydrogen gas and the oxygen gas of the reactant mixture so as to hydrolyze the silicon halide feedstock to produce fumed silica. Hydrogen (H2) is present in a mole fraction of about 0.11 or less based on the reactant mixture, and/or the velocity of the reactant mixture upon exiting the burner is about 25 m/s or more.

Abstract: Metal oxides and metals are described. The metal oxides and metals, such as silica, are preferably obtained by removing a removable template to obtain a metal oxide or metal material. Applications and uses of the material are further described.

Abstract: Stable, aqueous dispersion containing silicon dioxide powder having a hydroxyl group density of 2.5 to 4.7 OH/nm2, which is obtained from a silicon dioxide powder produced by a flame hydrolysis process under acid conditions. The dispersion is produced by incorporating the silicon dioxide powder into an aqueous solution by means of a dispersing device. The dispersion can be used to produce glass articles.

Abstract: A method of forming a powder and/or discrete gel particles of a compound selected from the group of a metallic oxide, a metalloid oxide, a mixed oxide, an organometallic oxide, an organometalloid oxide, an organomixed oxide resin, and/or an organic resin from one or more respective organometallic precursor(s), organometalloid precursor(s) and/or organic precursors and mixtures thereof, comprising the steps of passing a gas into a means for forming excited and/or unstable gas species (1a), typically an atmospheric plasma generating means; treating said gas such that upon leaving said means the gas comprises excited and/or unstable gas species which are substantially free of electrical charges at a temperature of between 10° C. and 500° C. A gaseous and/or liquid precursor is then introduced (50a,50b) into said excited and unstable gas species in a downstream region external (20) to the means for forming excited and/or unstable gas.

Abstract: Stable, aqueous dispersion containing silicon dioxide powder having a hydroxyl group density of 2.5 to 4.7 OH/nm2, which is obtained from a silicon dioxide powder produced by a flame hydrolysis process under acid conditions. The dispersion is produced by incorporating the silicon dioxide powder into an aqueous solution by means of a dispersing device. The dispersion can be used to produce glass articles.

Abstract: A production method, comprising a step of synthesizing silicon particle-containing silicon oxide particles by performing a gas phase reaction of monosilane gas and oxidizing gas for oxidizing the monosilane gas and a step of removing the silicon oxide with hydrofluoric acid after holding the silicon oxide particle powder in an inert atmosphere at 800-1400°, provides high-purity silicon nanoparticles which are highly practical as material powder for high-performance light-emitting elements and electronic parts in an industrial scale.

Abstract: Pyrogenically prepared silicon dioxide is compacted to give crusts, in that it is subject to preliminary de-aeration, and is compacted to give crusts, and the crusts are broken and, if appropriate, classified. The tamped bulk density (to DIN EN ISO 787-11) of the silicon dioxide compacted to give crusts is from 185 to 700 g/l. It can be used as filler in rubber mixtures.

Abstract: Stable, aqueous dispersion containing silicon dioxide powder having a hydroxyl group density of 2.5 to 4.7 OH/nm2, which is obtained from a silicon dioxide powder produced by a flame hydrolysis process under acid conditions. The dispersion is produced by incorporating the silicon dioxide powder into an aqueous solution by means of a dispersing device. The dispersion can be used to produce glass articles.

Abstract: There is provided a method of preparing silica (SiO2) nanoparticles from siliceous mudstone which is silica mineral sources, using a chemical reaction. The method of preparing silica nanoparticles from siliceous mudstone comprises: solving a silica constituent into a sodium silicate aqueous solution by a sodium hydroxide leaching reaction of the siliceous mudstone (S100); performing ion exchange to remove a sodium constituent from the sodium silicate aqueous solution and to prepare a silicate aqueous solution (S200); and performing flame spray pyrolysis to prepare silica nanoparticles with an average particle dimension being in a range of 9 to 57 nm from the silicate aqueous solution.

Abstract: Process for removing halide compounds adhering to finely divided metal oxide particles by means of steam, wherein the metal oxide particles are applied to the upper part of an upright column and migrate downwards by means of gravity, the steam is applied at the bottom end of the column, the metal oxide particles and the steam are fed counter-currently, the metal oxide particles freed of halide residues are removed at the base of the column, steam and halide residues are removed at the head of the column, wherein the column is heated in such a manner that the temperature difference Tbottom?Ttop between the lower part and the upper part of the column is at least 20° C. and a maximum temperature of 500° C. prevails in the column, and the metal oxide particles have a residence time in the column of from 1 second to 30 minutes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a titanium catalyst which process comprises: (a) drying a silica carrier at a temperature of from 300 to 800° C. to obtain a dried carrier; (b) contacting the dried carrier obtained in step (a) with a gas stream containing titanium halide at a temperature in the range from 125° C. lower to 125° C. higher than the drying temperature of step (a) and at a pressure higher than 0.8 bar to obtain an impregnated carrier; (c) calcining the impregnated carrier obtained in step (b) to obtain the titanium catalyst.

Abstract: Pyrogenic silicon dioxide powder with a BET surface area of 30 to 90 m2/g, a DBP index of 80 or less, a mean aggregate area of less than 25000 nm2 and a mean aggregate circumference of less than 1000 nm, wherein at least 70% of the aggregates have a circumference of less than 1300 nm. It is prepared by mixing at least one silicon compound in vapor form, a free-oxygen-containing gas and a combustible gas in a burner of known construction, igniting this gas mixture at the mouth of the burner and burning it in the flame tube of the burner, separating the solid obtained from the gas mixture and optionally purifying, wherein the oxygen content of the free-oxygen-containing gas is adjusted so that the lambda value is greater than or equal to 1, the gamma value is between 1.2 and 1.8, the throughput is between 0.1 and 0.3 kg SiO2/m3 of core gas mixture and the mean normalized rate of flow of gas in the flame tube at the level of the mouth of the burner is at least 5 m/s. The powder can be used as a filler.

Abstract: An aggregate of mesoporous microparticles that comprises two or more of covalently bound mesoporous microparticles is described. The aggregate of mesoporous microparticles can be used for many applications, including slowing or reversing desertification.

Abstract: A large scale process for preparing fumed silica with consistent product parameters wherein a silica precursor compound is fed to a burner at ?100 Kg/h along with a combusting gas at ?300 m3/h and a combustible gas at ?100 m3/h, with a nozzle gas velocity between 10 and 200 m/s, and a radially symmetrical, homogenous gas velocity and gas temperature.

Abstract: Fumed silica for use as auxiliary substance in pharmaceutical and cosmetic compositions, which has—a BET surface area of 90 to 400 m2/g—a content of As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Sb and Se of less than 1 ppm for each elements and less than 5 ppm of Hg, all elements determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma—Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) or Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS).

Abstract: By using a halogen-free siloxane and an organometallic compound containing at least one metal other than silicon as feed stocks, and simultaneously atomizing and burning them in a flame, spherical particles of silica-containing compound oxide are prepared which are substantially halogen-free, consist of 0.5-99% by weight of metal oxides and the balance of silica, and have a particle size of 10 nm to 3 ?m. The particles are useful as a filler in epoxy resin base semiconductor sealants, a refractive index modifier or the like.

Abstract: Fine dry silica particles are produced by combustion by using a burner of a multiple-pipe structure, feeding a mixed gas of a gas of a siloxane compound without containing halogen in the molecules thereof and an oxygen gas at a ratio of 0.3 to 1.5 into the center pipe of a burner, and feeding a combustible gas into the first annular pipe on the outer side of the center pipe of the burner. The fine dry silica particles has a BET specific surface area of 20 to 55 m2/g, and wherein the water suspension containing the fine silica particles at a concentration of 1.5% by weight has an optical absorbance ? for the light of a wavelength of 700 nm satisfying the following formula (1): ??240S?1.4?0.07??(1) wherein S is the BET specific surface area (m2/g) of the fine dry silica particles.

Abstract: A process for generating energy comprises process comprises exothermically reacting Mg with SiO2 to yield at least Mg2Si and Si; b)reacting the Mg2Si to yield at least lower silanes, and at least one magnesium product; c) generating at least higher silanes from at least a portion of the lower silanes; d) combusting the higher silanes and the Si to yield at least one silicon product.

Abstract: The invention provides apparatus and a method for exothermic treatment of feed material to provide an ash. The apparatus includes a housing extending about a central axis and having first and second ends, and a central mixing zone adjacent the first end. A material intake carries the feed material into the housing and gas enters through a first gas inlet at the first end through guides to create an inner vortex extending axially about said axis and the gas then follows an outer vortex which also extends axially but in the opposite direction from that of the inner vortex. However the inner and outer vortices rotate in the same direction. A gas outlet is positioned to receive spent gas from the housing and an ash outlet is positioned remotely from the mixing zone to receive the ash. If preferred, the position of the ash outlet may be incorporated into the gas outlet. A control system is provided to limit the temperature in the feed material in the housing.

Abstract: A highly pure ultra-fine SiOx (wherein x is from 0.6 to 1.8) powder having a specific surface area of at least 10 m2/g and a total content of Na, Fe, Al and Cl of at most 10 ppm is provided. The SiOx powder is produced by reacting a monosilane gas with a gas capable of oxidizing the monosilane gas in a non-oxidizing gas atmosphere under a pressure of from 10 to 1000 kPa at a temperature of from 500 to 1000° C. In this case, the amount of the non-oxidizing gas is preferably larger than the total amount of the monosilane gas and oxygen participating in the oxidation of the gas capable of oxidizing the monosilane gas.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for producing fumed metal oxide particles comprising providing a stream of a liquid feedstock comprising a volatizable, non-halogenated metal oxide precursor, providing a stream of a combustion gas having a linear velocity sufficient to atomize and combust or pyrolyze the liquid feedstock, and injecting the stream of the liquid feedstock into the stream of combustion gas to form a reaction mixture such that the liquid feedstock is atomized and subjected to a sufficient temperature and residence time in the combination gas stream for fumed metal oxide particles to form before the combustion gas temperature is reduced below the solidifying temperature of the metal oxide particle. The invention further provides fumed silica particles having a relatively small aggregate size and/or narrow aggregate size distribution.