Volatizing A Solid Patents (Class 423/343)
  • Patent number: 9296617
    Abstract: Disclosed is a method for selectively separating and recovering silicon from waste silicon sludge generated during a semiconductor manufacturing process. With the method for separating and recovering silicon from the silicon sludge, oil components, iron, silicon carbide that are included in the silicon sludge may be removed and silicon may be selectively separated and recovered. In addition, silicon may be efficiently recovered without injection of an additive for precipitating a specific component or without a separate device such as a magnetic separator, or the like, for removing iron.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 17, 2012
    Date of Patent: March 29, 2016
    Assignee: Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources
    Inventors: Hee Dong Jang, Han Kwon Chang, Dae Sup Kil
  • Patent number: 9040009
    Abstract: Kinetically stable halogenated polysilanes include mixture of compounds having respectively at least four silicon atoms bound together, the substituents thereof comprising chlorine, and chlorine and hydrogen, and in the composition thereof, the atomic ratio of substituent to silicon is at least 1:1, wherein a) the kinetically stable halogenated polysilanes have a kinetically high stability in relation to oxidative splitting by chlorine, and the degree of conversion at temperatures of 120° C. within 10 hours with an excess of chlorine gas at 1013 hPa does not exceed 30 mol %, and b) the kinetically stable halogenated polysilanes have a percentage of branching points in the polysilane molecules of more than 8 mol %.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 6, 2010
    Date of Patent: May 26, 2015
    Assignee: Spawnt Private S.à.r.1.
    Inventors: Norbert Auner, Christian Bauch, Sven Holl, Rumen Deltschew, Javad Mohsseni, Gerd Lippold, Thoralf Gebel
  • Patent number: 8765091
    Abstract: This invention relates to a method for the manufacture of monolithic ingot of silicon carbide comprising: i) introducing a mixture comprising polysilicon metal chips and carbon powder into a cylindrical reaction cell having a lid; ii) sealing the cylindrical reaction cell of i); iii) introducing the cylindrical reaction cell of ii) into a vacuum furnace; iv) evacuating the furnace of iii); v) filling the furnace of iv) with a gas mixture which is substantially inert gas to near atmospheric pressure; vi) heating the cylindrical reaction cell in the furnace of v) to a temperature of from 1600 to 2500° C.; vii) reducing the pressure in the cylindrical reaction cell of vi) to less than 50 torr but not less than 0.05 torr; and viii) allowing for substantial sublimation and condensation of the vapors on the inside of the lid of the cylindrical reaction cell of vii).
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 8, 2008
    Date of Patent: July 1, 2014
    Assignee: Dow Corning Corporation
    Inventors: Mark Loboda, Seung Ho Park, Victor Torres
  • Patent number: 8580217
    Abstract: An insulating material for an electrical machine that insulates coiled windings is provided. The insulating material includes a carrier material and adhesive coatings on the front and back of the carrier material. The adhesive coatings are mounted and aligned on the front and back of the carrier material in such a way that in the carrier material in the insulation state a direct frictional connection is developed between the adhesive coatings on the front and back.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 6, 2007
    Date of Patent: November 12, 2013
    Assignee: Siemens AG Österreich
    Inventors: Gyula Hipszki, Gerhard Wruss
  • Patent number: 8354088
    Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus are disclosed herein for recovery of high-purity silicon, silicon carbide and PEG from a slurry produced during a wafer cutting process. A silicon-containing material can be processed for production of a silicon-rich composition. Silicon carbide and PEG recovered from the silicon-containing material can be used to form a wafer-saw cutting fluid. The silicon-rich composition can be reacted with iodine containing compounds that can be purified and/or used to form deposited silicon of high purity. The produced silicon can be used in the photovoltaic industry or semiconductor industry.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 1, 2011
    Date of Patent: January 15, 2013
    Assignee: Iosil Energy Corporation
    Inventor: John Allan Fallavollita
  • Publication number: 20120261269
    Abstract: A process for production of polysilicon and silicon tetrachloride is provided in which a raw material that is supplied stably and is available at low cost can be used, chlorination reaction can be smoothly promoted, impurities generated after chlorination reaction can be controlled, and production efficiency is superior in a polysilicon producing step. The process includes a step of chlorination in which a granulated body consisting of silicon dioxide and carbon-containing material is chlorinated to generate silicon tetrachloride, a step of reduction in which silicon tetrachloride is reduced by a reducing metal to generate polysilicon, and a step of electrolysis in which chloride of the reducing metal by-produced in the reduction step is molten salt-electrolyzed to generate the reducing metal and chlorine gas.
    Type: Application
    Filed: December 22, 2010
    Publication date: October 18, 2012
    Inventors: Wataru Kagohashi, Matsuhide Horikawa, Kohsuke Kakiuchi
  • Patent number: 7708970
    Abstract: Polycrystalline silicon is prepared by thermally decomposing a reaction gas comprising hydrogen and a silicon-containing gas in a reaction chamber containing heated silicon, depositing additional silicon thereon, and forming an offgas; and separating the offgas into a first fraction comprising trichlorosilane and lower boiling chlorosilanes, and a second offgas fraction comprising components having a higher boiling point than trichlorosilane; recycling the first offgas fraction to the reaction gas of a polycrystalline silicon deposition; and separating the second offgas fraction into tetrachlorosilane and a high boiler fraction of high boilers, optionally also containing some tetrachlorosilane, and supplying the high boiler fraction to the reaction gas of a silicon deposition and heating the reaction gas to a temperature which ensures that the high boiler fraction is present in gaseous form on entry into the reaction chamber of the deposition reactor.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 12, 2009
    Date of Patent: May 4, 2010
    Assignee: Wacker Chemie
    Inventors: Karl Hesse, Franz Schreieder
  • Patent number: 7704478
    Abstract: A method and apparatus for refining silicon which can remove impurity elements such as phosphorus and antimony as well as impurity elements such as boron and carbon using an electron beam in the same vacuum chamber are provided. Silicon is irradiated and melted with an electron beam in a low vacuum inside a vacuum vessel, a compound-forming substance such as H2O which reacts with boron or the like in the molten silicon and forms a vaporizable oxide is introduced into the vacuum chamber, and impurity elements such as boron having a low vapor pressure in a vacuum are evaporated from the molten silicon as part of the vaporizable compound. Silicon in the vacuum vessel is then irradiated with an electron beam in a high vacuum in the vacuum vessel, and impurity elements contained in the silicon having a high vapor pressure in a vacuum such as phosphorus are removed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 10, 2006
    Date of Patent: April 27, 2010
    Inventors: Norichika Yamauchi, Takehiko Shimada, Minoru Mori
  • Publication number: 20090246113
    Abstract: A polymer inactivation method for a polycrystalline silicon manufacturing device, wherein humidified gas such as water vapor and humidified nitrogen gas is supplied into a reacting furnace for manufacturing polycrystalline silicon to hydrolyze polymers adhered to an inner surface of the reacting furnace. It is preferable that a furnace wall of the reacting furnace is heated when the humidified gas is supplied.
    Type: Application
    Filed: March 26, 2009
    Publication date: October 1, 2009
    Applicant: MITSUBISHI MATERIALS CORPORATION
    Inventors: Toshihide Endoh, Masayuki Tebakari, Toshiyuki Ishii, Masaaki Sakaguchi
  • Publication number: 20090155156
    Abstract: The present invention relates to a plant and a process for the continuous production of monosilane and tetrachlorosilane by catalytic dismutation of trichlorosilane at an operating temperature and a pressure of from 1 to 50 bar abs. in a plant according to claim 1, in which—trichlorosilane (A) is preheated in a heat exchanger (7), and fed to the 10 countercurrent reactor (1) which is provided with catalyst (3),—product mixture formed in the countercurrent reactor (1) is at least partly condensed by means of the condenser (5) at a temperature in the range from ?25 to 50° C. with the condensate flowing back into the countercurrent reactor (1),—the product phase which is not condensed in the condenser (5) is passed to the 15 condensation unit (8) which is operated at a temperature in the range from ?40 to ?110° C.,—the volatile product phase from the condensation unit (8) is fed to the distillation column (9) which is operated at a temperature in the range from ?60 to ?170° C.
    Type: Application
    Filed: June 19, 2006
    Publication date: June 18, 2009
    Applicant: Evonik Degussa GmbH
    Inventors: Raymund Sonnenschein, Peter Adler, Yuriy Kasatkin, Adolf Petrik, Leonid Schwarzmann
  • Publication number: 20030034053
    Abstract: The method according to the present invention enables to suppress damaging the reaction tubes and the wafer boat made of quarts, when cleaning the reaction vessel after the completion of film forming process for a polysilicon or titanium nitride film, thus the method reduces the running cost. After forming a polysilicon film on the semiconductor wafers, the empty wafer boat is placed in the reaction vessel. The interior atmosphere of the reaction vessel is maintained at temperatures in the range of 700 to 1000° C. A mixed gas prepared by diluting chlorine gas with nitrogen gas is supplied at a predetermined flow rate into the reaction vessel to remove the polysilicon film. A titanium nitride film can also be removed in the same manner.
    Type: Application
    Filed: December 21, 2000
    Publication date: February 20, 2003
    Inventors: Kazuaki Nishimura, Hiroyuki Yamamoto, Phillip Spaull
  • Patent number: 6033642
    Abstract: A method for producing silicon tetrafluoride includes combining uranium oxyfluoride and silicon dioxide; heating the combination below the melting point of the uranium oxyfluoride to sufficiently react the uranium oxyfluoride and the silicon dioxide to produce non-radioactive silicon tetrafluoride and an oxide of uranium; and removing the silicon tetrafluoride.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 29, 1999
    Date of Patent: March 7, 2000
    Assignee: Starmet Corporation
    Inventors: John B. Bulko, Bridget M. Smyser
  • Patent number: 5853685
    Abstract: High purity silica is obtained by the reaction of impure by-product waste silica with hydrogen fluoride preferably in the presence of water or sulfuric acid, producing silicon tetrafluoride gas and a mother liquor. The silicon tetrafluoride is separated from the mother liquor, which retains the impurities originally contained within the impure silica. The silicon tetrafluoride gas is contacted with high-purity water, in a clean environment, to form a slurry of high purity silica and high-purity hydrofluosilicic acid (FSA). A portion of the silica is filtered from the slurry and washed producing a high purity silica product. The rest of the silica-FSA slurry is preferably reacted with ammonia to form a slurry of ammonium fluoride and silica. The silica is separated from the ammonium fluoride and preferably washed and calcined to remove any remaining ammonium fluoride, leaving additional high purity silica product.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 28, 1996
    Date of Patent: December 29, 1998
    Inventor: William R. Erickson
  • Patent number: 5438129
    Abstract: The present invention relates to fluorinated surfaces which exhibit sufficient hydrophilicity and sufficient electropositivity to bind DNA from a suspension containing DNA and permit elution of the DNA from the surface. Generally, the hydrophilic and electropositive characteristics are expressed at the fluorinated surface. Preferred fluorinated surfaces of the present invention include fluorinated Al(OH).sub.3, fluorinated SiO.sub.2 and fluorinated Celite. The fluorinated surfaces of the present invention are particularly useful in processes for purification of DNA from other cellular components. In these processes, a suspension of cellular components is placed in contact with the fluorinated surface, the fluorinated surface is washed to remove all cellular components other than DNA which are bound to the surface, and the bound DNA is eluted from the surface. Lower concentrations of chaotrope in the binding buffer are needed to bind DNA to the fluorinated surfaces.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 27, 1993
    Date of Patent: August 1, 1995
    Assignee: Becton Dickinson and Company
    Inventors: Daniel L. Woodard, Adriann J. Howard, James A. Down
  • Patent number: 5368829
    Abstract: Radioactive metal is recovered from solid oxides of the metal by exposing the oxide to a cocurrent flow of a first acid solution in a first contactor to form partially reacted oxides and a solution containing the metal. The first solution containing the metal is drawn off and the partially reacted oxides are passed through a countercurrent flow of a second acid solution in a second contactor to form reaction residues and a second solution containing the metal. The second solution containing the metal is drawn off and the reaction residues are passed through a countercurrent flow of wash water in a third contactor. The reaction residues are then separated from the wash water and dried.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 9, 1993
    Date of Patent: November 29, 1994
    Assignee: Westinghouse Electric Corporation
    Inventor: Ronald O. Noe
  • Patent number: 5242670
    Abstract: A process for hydrofluoric acid digestion of inorganic silica/alumina matrix material for the production of silicon tetrafluoride and aluminum fluoride comprises the initial step of reacting the matrix material with hydrofluoric acid, to form silicon tetrafluoride gas and a solution/slurry containing aluminum fluoride, undigested oxides, and additional soluble and insoluble fluoride materials. The silicon tetrafluoride gas is purified of contaminants by condensing out impurities in cold traps and reacted with aqueous sodium fluoride to form a solution/slurry of fluorosilicate salt which is delivered to a filter press to separate sodium fluorosilicate powder from the solution/slurry. The sodium fluorosilicate powder is dried and delivered to a kiln at a temperature of about 600.degree. C. to 650.degree. C. to form substantially pure silicon tetrafluoride gas and sodium fluoride powder for collection.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 2, 1992
    Date of Patent: September 7, 1993
    Inventor: Ronald C. Gehringer
  • Patent number: 5225178
    Abstract: Titaniferous solid containing titanium (IV) oxide, for example ilmenite, is reacted with silicon tetrafluoride gas at 800.degree. C. or more and at a pressure of at least 1 atmosphere to produce titanium tetrafluoride vapor and silica. The vapor is rapidly removed from the reaction zone, preferably by rapid cooling to solid titanium tetrafluoride, at a sufficient distance from the reaction zone so as not to quench the reaction. The titanium tetrafluoride may be hydrolysed to produce titanium dioxide and hydrogen fluoride which is combined with silica to regenerate silicon tetrafluoride. It is preferred to pretreat the titaniferous solid by grinding and then roasting at 700.degree. C. to 750.degree. C. in air. Products of the reaction may be separated and purified by condensation and resublimation.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 15, 1991
    Date of Patent: July 6, 1993
    Inventors: Thomas A. O'Donnell, David G. Wood, Theresa K. H. Pong
  • Patent number: 5066472
    Abstract: Disclosed is a method for the processing of the residues that occur in the production of chlorosilane. The processing is performed by the separation of the residual chlorosilanes, followed by hydrolysis of these residues with water vapor. The water vapor used has a temperature between 100.degree. and 300.degree. C. and additionally contains hydrogen chloride. The hydrolysis residues occurring in the present method have an extremely small chloride content and can be transported, if desired, directly to a dump. The hydrogen chloride that is released can be absorbed in water and removed as hydrochloric acid or can be desorbed for further technical use. Preferably it is reused for chlorosilane production.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 17, 1989
    Date of Patent: November 19, 1991
    Assignee: Huels Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Klaus Ruff, Bernhard Falk, Werner Gratz
  • Patent number: 4986971
    Abstract: The present application relates to a method for production of trichloromonosilane in a fluidized bed reactor by reaction of silicon powder and HCl at a temperature between 280.degree. and 300.degree. C. wherein silicon powder which has been produced by gas atomization of molten silicon is used. The gas atomized silicon powder has a preferred particle size between 1 and 1000 .mu.m.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 9, 1989
    Date of Patent: January 22, 1991
    Assignee: Elkem a/s
    Inventors: Karl Forwald, Gunnar Schussler, Oyvind Sorli
  • Patent number: 4960573
    Abstract: Disclosed is a recovering method of a catalytic substance and a carrier from a waste catalyst which comprises subjecting the waste catalyst composed of a catalyst prepared by supporting a catalytic substance on a carrier composed of pourous silicon carbide to chlorinating treatment and then recovering the catalytic substance and the carrier in the form of chlorides.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 5, 1989
    Date of Patent: October 2, 1990
    Inventors: Takeshi Okutani, Yoshinori Nakata, Masaaki Suzuki, Takeo Akiyama
  • Patent number: 4960581
    Abstract: The method for preparing a gaseous metallic floride is here disclosed which comprises reacting a metal or its oxide with a fluorine gas or nitrogen trifluoride gas, the aforesaid method being characterized by comprising the steps of mixing the metal or its oxide with a molding auxiliary comprising a solid metallic fluoride which does not react with fluorine and nitrogen trifluoride; molding the resulting mixture under pressure; and contacting the molded pieces with the fluorine gas or nitrogen trifluoride gas, while the molded pieces are heated.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 13, 1989
    Date of Patent: October 2, 1990
    Assignee: Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Inc.
    Inventors: Isao Harada, Yukihiro Yoda, Naruyuki Iwanaga, Toshihiko Nishitsuji, Akio Kikkawa
  • Patent number: 4847059
    Abstract: A silica-containing material such as silica sand, a carbonized biomass or biomass ash is converted into carbon tetrachloride by reaction with chlorine gas at an elevated temperature in the presence of a carbonaceous material such as coke, and sulfur or a sulfur compound. The reaction may be suitably performed in the further presence of a potassium compound.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 6, 1988
    Date of Patent: July 11, 1989
    Assignee: Director-General of Agency of Industrial Science and Technology
    Inventors: Yoshinori Nakata, Masaaki Suzuki, Takeshi Okutani
  • Patent number: 4824652
    Abstract: What is disclosed is a method for treating a reaction residue from the preparation of organochlorosilanes or chlorosilanes from the reaction of metallic silicon with a chlorinated hydrocarbon or hydrogen chloride, said method comprising (A) combining the reaction residue with water, and (B) granulating the mixture of water and silicon from (A).
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 18, 1987
    Date of Patent: April 25, 1989
    Assignee: Toray Silicone Company, Ltd.
    Inventor: Hidehiko Hosokawa
  • Patent number: 4735784
    Abstract: A process for treating solid substantially non-volatile wastes contaminated with a heat sensitive contaminant is disclosed. The wastes are heated to form a liquid slag. The liquid slag is held at elevated temperature until at least a portion of the contaminating components have either decomposed or evolved from the melt as a gas. The slag is subjected to cooling and the contaminating compounds are bound or encapsulated into a solid glassy slag. The process is particularly suitable for handling fluoride and cyanide contaminated aluminum smelting wastes such as spent potliner material. It is advantageous to add silica to such wastes. The residue from the slagging reaction is a glassy solid sodium metal silicate matrix such that the fluoride residues remaining in the wastes are encapsulated. The amount of silicate blended with the feed material is selected to substantially tie up all of the sodium remaining in the residue after slag melting and is typically 7.5 to 50 weight percent of the feed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 11, 1986
    Date of Patent: April 5, 1988
    Assignee: Morrison-Knudsen Company, Inc.
    Inventors: Phillip K. Davis, Vijay K. Kakaria
  • Patent number: 4604272
    Abstract: The invention relates to the preparation of silicon tetrachloride by reacting material containing SiO.sub.2 with chlorine in the presence of carbon and metal halides and especially chlorides of the fifth main or subsidiary group of the Periodic Table at temperatures in the range of from 500.degree. to 1200.degree. C. The material containing SiO.sub.2 has a BET surface area of at least 0.1 m.sup.2 /g and the carbon has a BET surface area of at least 0.5 m.sup.2 /g.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 3, 1985
    Date of Patent: August 5, 1986
    Assignee: Wacker-Chemie GmbH
    Inventors: Gunter Kratel, Stefan Loskot
  • Patent number: 4576636
    Abstract: A process for the beneficiation of an iron-containing material is carried out by first chlorinating the iron-containing material. Oxidation of ferrous chloride in the effluent gas from the chlorination is carried out under controlled conditions of oxygen supply so that more than 50% but less than 100% of the ferrous chloride is oxidized. In this way chlorine gas is separated from the process stream in a relatively pure form which can be utilized in a continuous process by recycle to another chlorination.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 17, 1981
    Date of Patent: March 18, 1986
    Assignee: SCM Chemicals Limited
    Inventors: Michael Robinson, Harry B. Wilson
  • Patent number: 4563338
    Abstract: A selective chlorination method of a mixture of simple or complex metallic oxides, comprising at least one of the elements to be used, iron, aluminum, titanium and silicon, as well as the impurities accompanying said elements, said method consisting of a grinding, a calcination, a placing in suspension in a bath of melted salts of the mixture of said metallic oxides and of their impurities and of an introduction of chlorinating agents into said bath maintained at a temperature which assures the volatility of at least one of the metallic chlorides formed; characterized by the fact that, in order to selectively extract the metallic chlorides formed from the bath, specific chlorinating mixtures are introduced into this bath by successive steps, said mixtures having increasing chlorinating power, and the introduction is in a number at the most equal to the usuable elements to be chlorinated.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 25, 1983
    Date of Patent: January 7, 1986
    Assignee: Aluminium Pechiney
    Inventors: Francoise Seon, Gerard Picard, Bernard Tremillon, Yves Bertaud
  • Patent number: 4539187
    Abstract: A method for separating and recovering substantially pure aluminum, iron and silica from fly ash, a by-product of coal combustion, includes reacting the fly ash with aqueous fluosilicic acid and aqueous hydrogen fluoride at temperatures sufficiently high to form aqueous silicon fluoride vapor and fluorides and fluosilicate of aluminum and iron, separating the aluminum and iron fluorides and fluorosilicates from the aqueous silicon fluoride vapor, hydrolizing the silicon fluoride vapor to form silicon dioxide in substantially pure form and hydrogen fluoride, recovering and recycling the hydrogen fluoride for reuse in the process, and separating the aluminum and iron fluorides and fluosilicates from one another, and recovering substantially pure aluminum fluoride, substantially pure iron and other substantially pure metals, by electroplating or otherwise.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 21, 1983
    Date of Patent: September 3, 1985
    Assignee: Hydro Fuels, Inc.
    Inventors: James J. Russ, John W. Smith
  • Patent number: 4499201
    Abstract: Carbonaceous pyropolymers possessing recurring units containing at least carbon and hydrogen atoms may be obtained from compositions of matter comprising carbonaceous pyropolymers possessing recurring units containing at least carbon and hydrogen atoms composited on an inorganic metal oxide support or substrate by treating the composition of matter with a chloride-containing compound at an elevated temperature in the range of from about 400.degree. to about 1000.degree. C. in the vapor phase. The resulting metal chloride such as aluminum chloride is continuously removed from the composite, leaving only the carbonaceous pyropolymer.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 19, 1983
    Date of Patent: February 12, 1985
    Assignee: UOP Inc.
    Inventor: Richard W. Leyerle
  • Patent number: 4425310
    Abstract: At least a two stage chlorination system for the production of aluminum trichloride and aluminum monochloride wherein in the gas stream containing the highest percentages of aluminum chloride produced CO.sub.2 is present and the said gas stream is passed through a charcoal or devolatilized coke bed in a preferred temperature range of about 1000.degree. C. to 1600.degree. C. to convert the said CO.sub.2 to CO and cycling at least part of the said CO produced to at least the second chlorination stage.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 29, 1982
    Date of Patent: January 10, 1984
    Inventor: David Weston
  • Patent number: 4425309
    Abstract: At least a single stage chlorination system for the production of a substantially iron-free alumina-silica product from Bauxites, Bauxitic Clays and Clays wherein at least one chlorination agent is selected from the group consisting of Cl.sub.2, HCl and COCl.sub.2 and at least one chlorination agent from the group consisting of AlCl.sub.3 and SiCl.sub.4.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 29, 1982
    Date of Patent: January 10, 1984
    Inventor: David Weston
  • Patent number: 4425311
    Abstract: At least a two-stage chlorination system for the production of a substantially iron-free alumina-silica product from Bauxites and Clays wherein in a preferred embodiment of the invention the chlorination agent is selected from the group consisting of Cl.sub.2, HCl and COCl.sub.2 in the first chlorination stage and wherein in the second chlorination stage the chlorination agent is selected from the group consisting of AlCl.sub.3 and SiCl.sub.4.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 13, 1982
    Date of Patent: January 10, 1984
    Inventor: David Weston
  • Patent number: 4425308
    Abstract: At least a single stage chlorination system for the production of a substantially iron-free alumina-silica product from Bauxites, Bauxitic Clays and Clays wherein at least one chlorination agent is selected from the group consisting of Cl.sub.2, COCl.sub.2, AlCl.sub.2, AlCl, SiCl.sub.4 and SiCl.sub.2 and wherein the said chlorination agent is a limited percentage of the total gas stream.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 29, 1982
    Date of Patent: January 10, 1984
    Inventor: David Weston
  • Patent number: 4363789
    Abstract: A method for producing alumina from a material containing alumina values via a chlorination step which process comprises the steps of:(A) dehydrating the material, if necessary, at a temperature of between about 500 and about 1300.degree. K.;(B) chlorinating the product of step (A) in the presence of chlorine and carbon at a temperature below about 1200.degree. K. and under conditions which provide chlorination of a majority of the iron present in the clay without substantial chlorination of titania values which may be present therein with concommittant formation of an iron chloride cloud above the surface of the chlorination reaction mixture;(C) introducing oxygen into the iron chloride cloud under conditions to cause oxidation of a majority of the iron chloride contained in the cloud;(D) chlorinating the non-gaseous product of step (B) in the presence of chlorine and carbon at a temperature above about 1300.degree. K.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 20, 1981
    Date of Patent: December 14, 1982
    Assignee: Reynolds Metals Company
    Inventor: Wendell E. Dunn, Jr.
  • Patent number: 4355008
    Abstract: There is described a method for producing alumina from a material containing alumina values via a chlorination step which process comprises the steps of:(A) dehydrating the material, if necessary, at a temperature of between about 500 and about 1300.degree. K;(B) chlorinating the product of step (A) in the presence of chlorine and carbon at a temperature below about 1200.degree. K and under conditions which provide chlorination of a majority of the iron present in the clay without substantial chlorination of titania values which may be present therein with concommittant formation of an iron chloride cloud above the surface of the chlorination reaction mixture;(C) introducing oxygen into the iron chloride cloud under conditions to cause oxidation of a majority of the iron chloride contained in the cloud;(D) chlorinating the non-gaseous product of step (B) in the presence of chlorine and carbon at a temperature above about 1300.degree.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 20, 1981
    Date of Patent: October 19, 1982
    Assignee: Reynolds Metals Company
    Inventor: Wendell E. Dunn, Jr.
  • Patent number: 4355007
    Abstract: A two stage process is described for chlorinating aluminum value containing materials such as bauxite, clay, fly ash, etc. The process comprises the steps of:(A) dehydrating the material, if necessary, at a temperature of between about 500.degree. and about 1300.degree. K.;(B) chlorinating the product of step (A) in the presence of chlorine and carbon at a temperature below about 1200.degree. K. and under conditions which provide chlorination of a majority of the iron present in the clay without substantial chlorination of titania values which may be present therein with concommittant formation of an iron chloride cloud above the surface of the chlorination reaction mixture;(C) introducing oxygen into the iron chloride cloud under conditions to cause oxidation of a majority of the iron chloride contained in the cloud; and(D) chlorinating the non-gaseous product of step (B) in the presence of chlorine and carbon at a temperature above about 1300.degree. K.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 20, 1981
    Date of Patent: October 19, 1982
    Inventor: Wendell E. Dunn, Jr.
  • Patent number: 4288411
    Abstract: The process is based on the series of halide-forming affinities. The oxides are passed through a series of zones equal in number to the plurality of halides or mixtures which are to be produced. A halide of an element of lower halide-forming affinity is fed counter-current to the oxides. The halide supply is in stoichiometric equivalent to the total content of halide to be extracted. The oxide of the said fed element is also extracted.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 3, 1979
    Date of Patent: September 8, 1981
    Inventors: Gerhard Holland, Rudolf Nowak
  • Patent number: 4288414
    Abstract: A process for recovering aluminum from clays associated with coal or bauxite containing iron, siliceous material and titanium which comprises: (a) chlorinating the clay or bauxite in an oxidizing atmosphere to selectively chlorinate and vaporize iron chloride from the remaining chlorides, (b) chlorinating the residue from step (a) in a reducing atmosphere or carbon monoxide and vaporizing the chlorides of aluminum, silicon, titanium, and the residual iron, (c) separating and recovering the formed vaporized chlorides by selective condensation. Silicon tetrachloride may be added to step (b) to suppress the chlorination of silicon. If the clay contains alkali or alkaline earth metals, then the residue of step (b) is treated with sulfuric acid to convert the soluble chlorides, e.g., gypsum, to sulfates and to regenerate a chloridizing and binder solution for pelletizing the clay or bauxite.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 20, 1979
    Date of Patent: September 8, 1981
    Assignee: Public Service Company of New Mexico
    Inventors: James E. Reynolds, Alan R. Williams
  • Patent number: 4283371
    Abstract: A continuous process for recovering substantially pure aluminum chloride from chlorination products of aluminum ore. The chlorination products are contacted with a first selective solvent to dissolve a substantial portion of the aluminum chloride and some ferric chloride. The solvent is separated from the chlorides which then are treated to produce a ferric chloride-rich stream and an aluminum chloride-rich stream in which the aluminum chloride to ferric chloride ratio is higher than the ratio prior to solvent separation. The aluminum chloride-rich stream is contacted with a second solvent to dissolve any ferric chloride present and saturate the solution with aluminum chloride. Aluminum chloride in excess of that soluble in the second solvent separates as a substantially pure solid phase. The solution is separated from solid phase and recycled in process to recover additional aluminum chloride.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 28, 1980
    Date of Patent: August 11, 1981
    Assignee: Kerr-McGee Corporation
    Inventor: Theodore A. Rado
  • Patent number: 4277446
    Abstract: A process for the removal of iron and titanium minerals from aluminum bearing materials in at least one chlorination stage by the use of an excess of aluminum trichloride as at least the major chlorinating agent for the contained iron and titanium minerals, condensing the excess aluminum trichloride to recover the aluminum trichloride in an impure form, and recycling the impure aluminum trichloride to the chlorination stage together with additional aluminum trichloride or starvation amounts of chlorine, or alternately additional amounts of aluminum trichloride and starvation amounts of chlorine.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 25, 1980
    Date of Patent: July 7, 1981
    Assignee: Reynolds Metals Company
    Inventor: David Weston
  • Patent number: 4252774
    Abstract: A method of producing aluminum chloride from aluminous materials containing compounds of iron, titanium and silicon comprising reacting the aluminous materials with carbon and a chlorine-containing gas at a temperature of about 900.degree. K. to form a gaseous mixture containing chlorides of aluminum, iron, titanium and silicon and oxides of carbon; cooling the gaseous mixture to a temperature of about 400.degree. K. or lower to condense the aluminum chlorides and iron chlorides while titanium chloride and silicon chloride remain in the gas phase to effect a separation thereof; heating the mixture of iron chlorides and aluminum chlorides to a temperature of about 800.degree. K. to form gaseous aluminum chlorides and iron chlorides; passing the heated gases into intimate contact with aluminum sulfide to precipitate solid iron sulfide and to form additional gaseous aluminum chlorides; and separating the gaseous aluminum chloride from the solid iron sulfide.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 25, 1980
    Date of Patent: February 24, 1981
    Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the United States Department of Energy
    Inventors: Raouf O. Loutfy, Rudolf Keller, Neng-Ping Yao
  • Patent number: 4213943
    Abstract: Aluminum chloride is produced from clay containing aluminum oxide and silicon oxide by chlorinating clay in at least two stages with a mixture consisting of a chlorinating agent, a reducing agent, an alkali metal compound catalyst and silicon tetrachloride in which the proportions and amounts of the feed gases to each stage are separately regulated to suit the needs of the aluminum chloride production reaction in that stage. The effluent gases from the successive stages are collected and the silicon tetrachloride is separated from such gases and recycled back into the reactors to promote chlorination of the aluminum oxide in the clay while suppressing net chlorination of the silicon oxide fraction of the clay.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 22, 1978
    Date of Patent: July 22, 1980
    Assignee: Aluminum Company of America
    Inventor: Edward S. Martin
  • Patent number: 4159310
    Abstract: A process for recovering aluminum from fly ash containing iron, silicon and titanium which comprises: (a) chlorinating the fly ash in an oxidizing atmosphere to selectively chlorinate and vaporize iron chloride from the remaining chlorides, (b) chlorinating the residue from step (a) in a reducing atmosphere of carbon monoxide, in the presence of added silicon chloride to suppress the chlorination of silicon, and vaporizing the chlorides of aluminum, silicon, titanium, and the residual iron, (c) separating and recovering the vaporized chlorides by selective condensation, and treating the residue of step (b) with sulfuric acid to convert calcium chloride to gypsum, and to regenerate a chloridizing and binder solution for pelletizing fly ash feed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 30, 1978
    Date of Patent: June 26, 1979
    Assignee: Public Service Company of New Mexico
    Inventors: James E. Reynolds, Alan R. Williams
  • Patent number: 4083923
    Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the production of aluminum chloride and alumina of metallurgical grade purity, and valuable by-products from aluminous ores like clay, bauxites and laterites. The process comprises carbo-chlorination of the ore to produce aluminum chloride and other metal chlorides. The aluminum chloride is separated, purified and utilized as such or oxidized to make alumina while the other metal chlorides are processed to recover maximum values.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 22, 1976
    Date of Patent: April 11, 1978
    Assignee: Toth Aluminum Corporation
    Inventors: Alfred Lippman, Roger Frank Sebenik
  • Patent number: 4082833
    Abstract: One of the major obstacles toward the needed and economic production of alumina and other values from kaolinitic clay and other ores by chlorination has been the slow reaction rates and low yields of the metal values. The present information provides methods for improving reaction rates and/or yields in the halogenation of various ores which comprises the addition of sulfur and/or functionally equivalent sulfur containing compounds as an ore conditioning agent and/or reaction promoter. These improvements also permit operation at low temperatures with advantage of savings of energy and of equipment and maintenance costs. The invention is applicable to both displacement halogenation and carbo-halogenation processes. The sulfur and/or functionally equivalent sulfur containing compounds can be added to the reaction mass during pre-halogenation steps or to the halogenation step or to combinations of steps ordinarily with additional benefits.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 6, 1976
    Date of Patent: April 4, 1978
    Assignee: Toth Aluminum Corporation
    Inventors: Ronald Wyndham, John Christopher Terry
  • Patent number: 4069296
    Abstract: Aluminum may be recovered from various raw materials including kaolinite, alunite, coal ash and slag, and both raw and spent oil shale, by contacting such materials with an aqueous solution of hydrofluoric acid, followed by removal of the insoluble residues remaining suspended in solution and the precipitation of hydrated aluminum hydroxide from the clear solution by basification with an alkaline agent.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 8, 1976
    Date of Patent: January 17, 1978
    Inventor: Wen H. Huang