Abstract: A metal hydroxide complex has a formula Me(OH)4*A−*nH2O or MeO2*A−*nH2O. Preferred complexes are formed in an alkaline medium, and particularly especially preferred anions include cyanide and cyanide gold complexes. Contemplated complexes are formed on a metal hydroxide (e.g., hydrated zirconium, hafnium, and titanium hydroxide), which may be disposed in a porous container. Consequently, contemplated compounds may be used in methods of reducing the concentration of an anion in an alkaline medium.

Abstract: Metal cyanide catalysts are prepared by first forming a precipitate using no more than a stoichiometric amount of a water-soluble metal salt of the form MxAy, based on the amount of metal cyanide compound that is used. The precipitate is then treated with an additional quantity of a metal salt of the form M3xAy, in which M3 may be the same as or different than M. The catalyst is treated with a complexing agent, either during the precipitation step or during the subsequent treatment with the M3xAy salt.

Abstract: A method for preventing adverse effects associated with the use of a medical device in a patient by introducing into the patient a device of which at least a portion includes a prophylactic or therapeutic amount of a nitric oxide adduct. The nitric oxide adduct can be present in a matrix coating on a surface of the medical device; can be coated per se on a surface of the medical device; can be directly or indirectly bound to reactive sites on a surface of the medical device; or at least a portion of the medical device can be formed of a material, such as a polymer, which includes the nitric oxide adduct. Also disclosed is a method for preventing adverse effects associated with the use of a medical device in a patient by introducing the device during a medical procedure and before or during said procedure locally administering a nitric oxide adduct to the site of contact of said device with any internal tissue.

Abstract: The invention relates to an ionically conductive material, to its preparation and to its uses. The material includes at least one ionic compound in solution in an aprotic solvent, chosen from the compounds (1/mM)+[(ZY)2N]−, (1/mM)+[(ZY)3C]− and (1/mM)+[(ZY)2CQ]−, in which Y denotes SO2 or POZ, Q denotes —H, —COZ or Z, each substituent Z independently denotes a fluorine atom or an optionally perfluorinated organic group which optionally contains at least one polymerizable functional group, at least one of the substituents Z denoting a fluorine atom, and M denotes a cation. Application to electrochemical generators, supercapacities, to the doping of polymers and to electrochromic devices.

Abstract: Metal nitride, carbonitride, and oxycarbonitride powder with high surface area (up to 150 m2/g) is prepared by using sol-gel process. The metal organic precursor, alkoxides or amides, is synthesized firstly. The metal organic precursor is modified by using unhydrolyzable organic ligands or templates. A wet gel is formed then by hydrolysis and condensation process. The solvent in the wet gel is then be removed supercritically to form porous amorphous hydroxide. This porous hydroxide materials is sintered to 725° C. under the ammonia flow and porous nitride powder is formed. The other way to obtain high surface area nitride, carbonitride, and oxycarbonitride powder is to pyrolyze polymerized templated metal amides aerogel in an inert atmosphere. The electrochemical capacitors are prepared by using sol-gel prepared nitride, carbonitride, and oxycarbonitride powder. Two methods are used to assemble the capacitors.

Abstract: An ionically conductive material which contains at least one ionic compound in solution in an aprotic solvent, wherein the ionic compound is selected from the group consisting of compounds of the formulae (1/mM).sup.61 ((ZY)2N).sup..crclbar., (1/mM).sup..sym. ((ZY).sub.3 C).sup..crclbar., or (1/mM).sup..sym. ((ZY).sub.2 CQ).sup..crclbar., wherein M, Z, Y and Q are as defined herein.

Abstract: The invention relates to a substrate made from a novel type of ceramic material. This material comprises 44-47 at. % Al, 31-39 at. % O, 8-13 at. % C and 8-12 at. % N. Substrates made from this material exhibit a relatively high heat conductance, a relatively great strength and their coefficient of expansion is equal to that of Si. Consequently, the substrates in accordance with the invention are very suitable for use in the Si-semiconductor technology. The main component of the ceramic material of the substrates preferably corresponds to the formula Al.sub.28 O.sub.21 C.sub.6 N.sub.6. The invention also provides methods of manufacturing substrates and other mouldings from this material.

Abstract: Metal and/or metalloid nitride and/or carbide powders, e.g., amorphous or crystalline spherical particulates having a mean diameter greater than 0.2 .mu.m 90% of which being less than 0.4 .mu.m in size, well suited for the production of ceramic shaped articles exhibiting good thermomechanical properties and useful, for example, in the automotive and aeronautic fields, are prepared by flash pyrolyzing coarse drops of a precursor compound convertible into such nitride and/or carbide, at an elevated temperature and for such period of time as to convert the precursor compound into said amorphous or crystalline powder.

Abstract: Process for preparing isocyanic acid by bringing cyanuric acid into contact with an aluminum catalyst at temperatures of from 300.degree. to 600.degree. C. and isolating the isocyanic acid formed or directly using it for further reaction.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of isocyanic acid, characterized in that N,N-disubstituted ureas are decomposed at elevated temperature to a secondary amine of lower volatility and to isocyanic acid, which is drawn off at the top.

Abstract: Composition, method and apparatus for providing a surface stabilized source of HNCO by adsorbing gaseous or liquid HNCO on the surface of a substrate. HNCO stabilized in this manner is not reactive and is stable at or above ambient temperature. The HNCO can be provided by heating a reactant source material, such as urea. The substrate can be heated to release HNCO. The present invention is especially useful as a source of HNCO for reducing NO.sub.x in gas streams.

Abstract: The present invention provides aqueous processes which create new chemical compositions of matter prepared by reacting, in the presence of aqueous ammonia or other source of reactive NH.sub.2 groups, an alkali metal hydroxide to raise pH above 12, and further reacting with the addition of a mineral acid. The reactants are added as quickly as possible to obtain a highly exothermic reaction which, when reacted in the described manner will then contain ammonia in solution and form new polymeric water complexes. The mineral acid can be selected from, a phosphorus species, or a halogen species, or a nitrogen species, or a sulfur species, or a carbon species, or a combination of these acid species.

Abstract: A polishing composition for memory hard discs used to obtain polished surfaces of a high precision and a high quality with a high stock removal rate. The composition consists of water, alumina polishing agent, and polishing accelerator, and polishes surfaces of alumite, aluminum, and non-electrolytically nickel plated memory hard discs. The polishing accelerator is one kind selected from the group of molybdate of ammonium molybdate, lithium molybdate, sodium molybdate and potassium molybdate, or a kind selected from the group of molybdate and aluminum salt such as aluminum nitrate or aluminum oxalate, or another one kind selected from the group of molybdate and nickel sulfate, nickel nitrate, nickel sulfamate, and nickel acetate. The addition quantity of the substance above is 0.1 to 20%, the weight ratio of the polishing agent is 2 to 30%, and the mean particle diameter is 0.3 to 10 .mu.m.

Abstract: A method is described for decomposing cyanuric acid at temperatures of less than about 1000.degree. F., and the method comprises heating the cyanuric acid in the presence of a decomposition catalyst which is effective at below about 1000.degree. F. Examples of useful decomposition catalysts are zirconium, phosphorus and mixtures thereof. Preferably at least some of the zirconium or phosphorus is in the plus four oxidation state. A method also is described for reducing the nitrogen oxide content of gas streams which comprises contacting the gas streams containing nitrogen oxide with an amount of the gaseous decomposition product mixture obtained by decomposing cyanuric acid in the presence of a decomposition catalyst at a temperature of less than about 1000.degree. F.

Abstract: A method of removing undesired ions, such as chlorine, hypochlorite, chromium, cyanide and heavy metal ions, from an aqueous preparation containing one or more of said ions consists of adding to the aqueous preparation an effective amount of magnesium bisulfite to inactivate the undesired ions and then adjusting the pH of the mixture to an appropriate pH. Compositions containing magnesium bisulfite and divalent and trivalent ions are disclosed.

Abstract: Provided is a process for producing chlorosulfonyl isocyanate by reacting sulfur trioxide with cyanogen chloride, which comprises feeding sulfur trioxide and cyanogen chloride simultaneously to the reaction zone and maintaining the temperature of the reacting zone at 10.degree. to 50.degree. C. This is a commercially very simple process and can produce chlorosulfonyl isocyanate with high purity in high yield.

Abstract: Catalysts suitable for the dimerization of a diolefin, e.g. butadiene to 4-vinylcyclohexene, are prepared by reacting (1) iron chloride and sodium nitrite or alternatively (2) iron nitrosyl chloride with (3) carbon monoxide in an organic solvent in the presence of iron. The catalyst solution is preferably filtered prior to use. While the reaction employing iron chloride and sodium nitrile is preferred, the catalyst produced by either method contains a minimum of reducing agent and by-products. It can be isolated and stored in the absence of diolefin monomer and carbon monoxide while retaining its stability and activity.

Abstract: Process for the removal of isocyanic acid from a gaseous mixture of isocyanic acid and ammonia by introducing a tertiary amine or ether at 250.degree. to 600.degree. C. The gaseous reaction mixture is passed into an inert diluent and cooled, to condense an adduct of isocyanic acid and tertiary amine or ether, and the ammonia being removed as a gas.

Abstract: Iron nitrosyl carbonyl catalyst is prepared by dissolving impure iron nitrosyl carbonyl in a solvent solution, then adding sufficient miscible non-solvent to the solution to result in separation of the mixture into an upper layer and a lower layer containing iron nitrosyl carbonyl. Preferably, the solvent is used in preparation of the iron nitrosyl carbonyl, and the solution is, therefore, the product of the preparation. The miscible non-solvent is added to the product solution to effect separation of layers for isolation of purified iron nitrosyl carbonyl product.

Abstract: The use as an activator for a chemical blowing agent, or as an accelerator or activator in the vulcanization of rubber, of a reaction product of urea and an oxide, carbonate or hydroxide of zinc, cadmium, calcium or lead, which reaction product may be optionally solvated, and certain such products per se.

Abstract: Catalysts suitable for the dimerization of a diolefin, e.g. butadiene to 4-vinylcyclohexene, are prepared by reacting (1) iron chloride and sodium nitrite or alternatively (2) iron nitrosyl chloride with (3) carbon monoxide in an organic solvent in the presence of a readily oxidizable metal, e.g. tin. The catalyst solution is filtered prior to use to remove particulate matter such as unreacted tin.While the reaction employing iron chloride and sodium nitrite is preferred, the catalyst produced by either method contains a minimum of reducing agent and by-products. It can be isolated and stored in the absence of the butadiene monomer while retaining its stability and activity.

Abstract: A catalytic process has been found to produce urea or its equivalent, NH.sub.4 NCO, under relatively mild pressure and temperature conditions. This process entails flowing a gas mixture containing NO.sub.x, CO, and a source of hydrogen such as H.sub.2 or H.sub.2 C over a hydrogenation catalyst such as platinum. Yields of urea above 90 percent based on NO.sub.x conversion are obtainable.

Abstract: Lead and zinc cyanurates are known to be suitable as the active ingredients in corrosion inhibiting coating compositions. The invention provides a simplified method of preparing these compounds by reacting lead or zinc oxide with cyanuric acid in an aqueous paste mixture at a somewhat elevated temperature without requiring the presence of a catalyst while applying a shearing force to said paste mixture.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparing metal cyanates by reacting an alkyl carbamate having the formula ##STR1## wherein R is a lower alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms with an alkali metal hydride or an alkaline earth metal hydride.

Abstract: An alkali metal cyanate is prepared by heating a heterogeneous mixture of urea and an alkali metal carbonate in a solvent which selectively dissolves urea, but not the alkali metal carbonate.

Abstract: Novel molybdenum oxycarbonitride compositions are described together with a general method of synthesis. The compositions can be obtained by the relatively low temperature thermal decomposition of an amine molybdate and can be amorphous, poorly crystalline, or substantially crystalline, and can unexpectedly possess high surface areas in the region of about 130 m.sup.2 /g and higher. The compositions have the general formula: MoO.sub.a C.sub.b N.sub.c, where a, b and c are non-zero decimal values and the sum: a+b+c, is less than or equal to about one, as evidenced by X-ray diffraction and chemical analyses. The compositions are useful as abrasives, as for removing oxide coatings from metals.

Abstract: A process for producing sodium cyanurate in the powdery form is disclosed. In this method, iso cyanuric acid is reacted with sodium carbonate or sodium hydrogencarbonate or a mixture of sodium carbonate and sodium hydrogencarbonate by mixing the raw materials in powdery form and in the presence of water in a range, in which hydrates can be formed from the raw materials at room temperature, while holding the system at a temperature at which free water can be produced.

Abstract: Novel molybdenum oxycarbonitride compositions are described together with a general method of synthesis. The compositions can be obtained by the relatively low temperature thermal decomposition of an amine molybdate and can be amorphous, poorly crystalline, or substantially crystalline, and can unexpectedly possess high surface areas in the region of about 60 to 130 m.sup.2 /g and higher. The compositions have the general formula: MoO.sub.a C.sub.b N.sub.c, where a, b and c are non-zero decimal values and the sum: a+b+c, is less than or equal to about one, as evidenced by X-ray diffraction and chemical analyses. The compositions are useful as abrasives, as for removing oxide coatings from metals.

Abstract: Stable isocyanic acid compositions containing isocyanic acid in an organic solvent therefor, having a small amount of a labile halide compound, such as carbamoyl chloride.

Abstract: Carbonyl cyanide may be prepared by reacting a solution of a trihalomethyl haloformate in an organic solvent with a cyanide salt in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst. Carbonyl cyanide may be prepared by this method in good yield and with great convenience.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of isocyanic acid by catalytic oxidation of hydrogen cyanide gas utilizing a silver catalyst doped with palladium and a novel metallic silver catalyst in the form of silver crystals having a palladium coating.

Abstract: Removing water from wet isocyanic acid in organic solution of said isocyanic acid by addition hereto of a hydrogen halide or a compound which forms hydrogen halide in said solution in amount sufficient to provide a molar excess of hydrogen halide in said solution relative to the water, and ammonia if any, present in said solution.

Abstract: Isocyanic acid is formed directly from nitric oxide, carbon monoxide and hydrogen by contacting a supported iridium or rhodium metal catalyst at an elevated temperature with a feed stream of said reactants.

Abstract: Isocyanic acid is formed directly from nitric oxide, carbon monoxide and hydrogen by contacting a supported bifunctional iridium or rhodium metal catalyst at an elevated temperature with a feed stream of said reactants.

Abstract: A process for the air oxidation of hydrogen cyanide to isocyanic acid in the presence of a solid catalyst utilizing adiabatic conditions and controlling temperatures by the proportion of inert gas.

Abstract: Fibrous hydrotalcites having a hexagonal needle-like crystal structure. The fibrous hydrotalcites are produced by contacting a basic magnesium compound having a needle-like crystal structure and expressed by the following formula (2)Mg(OH).sub.2-n'x.sbsb.2 A.sub.x.sbsb.2.sup.n'.spsp.-.m.sub.2 H.sub.2 O (2)wherein A.sup.n'.spsp.- represents a monovalent or divalent anion, n' is 1 or 2, and x.sub.2 and m.sub.2 are numbers satisfying the following conditions,0.2.ltoreq.x.sub.2 .ltoreq.0.5,O.ltoreq.m.sub.2 .ltoreq.2,with a compound capable of providing a trivalent metal cation and being soluble in a liquid reaction medium which is chemically inert and is a non-solvent for the basic magnesium compound, the contacting being carried out in said liquid reaction medium under conditions which do not cause a loss of the needle-like crystal form of the basic magnesium compound, while maintaining the ratio of M.sup.3+ to the sum of Mg and M.sup.3+ at O<M.sup.3+ /(Mg+M.sup.3+).ltoreq.0.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing explosive articles which contain primary explosives and therefore present explosion hazards during conventional loading and packaging operations is disclosed which includes desensitizing the primary explosive such as silver fulminate, for example, by admixing therewith an effective amount of a desensitizing agent to form a resulting composition so as to render the primary explosive insensitive to shock, depositing the desensitized primary explosive on a substrate material, and thereafter, resensitizing the primary explosive by allowing decomposition of the resulting composition to thereby recapture the sensitivity of the primary explosive so deposited.

Abstract: A process for the production of isocyanates by the addition of carbon monoxide to a metal or aryl carbamate.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of preparing an inorganic-alkali metal salt of the formula:ZYwherein Z is an alkali metal selected from the group consisting of lithium and sodium, and wherein Y is an inorganic radical selected from the group consisting of SCN, CN, CNS, OCN, Br, I, Cl, NO.sub.2, NO.sub.3, ClO.sub.4, ReO.sub.4, and CF.sub.3 SO.sub.3. The method involves the reaction of a nitrogen-containing compound of the formula:QHYwherein Q is selected from the group consisting of specified nitrogen-containing groups, and wherein H is hydrogen and Y is as defined above, with an alkali metal compound of the formula:ZXwherein Z is defined above and wherein X is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, specified nitrogen-containing radicals, and specified organic radicals. The reaction is carried out in ether solvent. In a preferred embodiment, Q is NH.sub.3 and X is hydrogen.

Abstract: The use of a reaction mixture of carbon monoxide, an oxide of nitrogen such as nitric oxide, and a source of hydrogen when passed over a hydrogenation catalyst produces cyanate compounds, e.g., ammonium cyanate and isocyanic acid. The reaction conditions chosen determine the relative amounts of the various cyanate compounds to be formed. When the formation of ammonium cyanate is desired, the addition of ammonia to the reaction mixture reduces the amount of nitric oxide reactant necessary, while enhancing the efficiency of ammonium cyanate production. When a palladium or iridium catalyst is used, the production of isocyanic acid is favored.

Abstract: A process for dissolving metals, alloys or metallic compound materials in metal cyanamide and/or thiocyanate and/or cayanide and/or halide melts containing optionally metal carbonate and/or cyanide, characterized in that substances are added to the melt which form or liberate CN, and/or CNO and/or SCN radicals in the melt under the reaction conditions.

Abstract: A process for producing isocyanates along with hydrogen fluoride and metal carboxylates by reacting a metal salt of an N-organic carbamic acid, RNHCO.sub.2 M, and an acyl fluoride.

Abstract: Processes are disclosed for providing in situ generated cyanic acid and simultaneously preparing certain carboxamides which have a tertiary aliphatic substituted ammonium or pyridinium group substituted on the alpha carbon atom.

Abstract: Hydrated silica and/or silica are reacted chemically with an alkali metal cyanide in a ratio of about 1 mol of hydrated silica or silica to about 1 to 2 mols of the alkali metal cyanide silicate compounds.

Abstract: Silocoformic acid is reacted chemically with hydrogen cyanide to produce silicoformic cyanide and silicoformic dicyanide.

Abstract: Silicoformic acid is reacted with an alkali metal cyanide, in a ratio of about 1 mol of the silicoformic acid to about 1 to 2 mols of the alkali metal cyanide to produce corresponding substituted silicoformic cyanides and dicyanides.

Abstract: A high pressure thermal hydrolysis process is described which comprises heating acid waste streams resulting from the manufacture of cyanuric acid and chlorinated derivatives of cyanuric acid, containing cyanuric acid and amino-substituted cyanurates, in a pressure vessel, at a temperature of from about 225.degree. to about 275.degree. C, to effect decomposition of these materials into ammonia and carbon dioxide. This process provides an effective pollution control means, compatible with existing commercial facilities.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of alkali metal cyanate by the reaction of urea and alkali metal carbonate. The addition of water to the reaction in an intermediate step activates partially blocked alkali metal carbonate and provides an alkali metal cyanate product of high purity.

Abstract: A process for the fluorination of carboxylate compounds to the corresponding acyl fluoride or carbamoyl fluoride, the latter compounds decompose to isocyanates and hydrogen fluoride, wherein the carboxylic acid, its anhydride or metal salt is intimately mixed with a metal fluorosulfonate and heated at a temperature at which the gaseous carboxylic acid fluoride is formed or decomposed.

Abstract: Carbohydrazinium dinitrate, which is formed by adding 2 moles of nitric a (HNO.sub.3) to each mole of carbohydrazide (H.sub.2 NHNCONHNH.sub.2). This salt is useful as an oxidizer in slurry gun propellants.