Abstract: The invention relates to a regeneration system for a carbon-rich amine solution produced in carbon dioxide capture from a mixed gas and a method for using the same. This regeneration system is composed of a bipolar membrane electrodialysis apparatus and a carbon dioxide removal apparatus, wherein the bipolar membrane electrodialysis apparatus is composed of a bipolar membrane electrodialysis membrane stack fixed between an anode plate and a cathode plate, the carbon dioxide removal apparatus is composed of one or more hollow fiber membrane contactors, the inlet of the carbon dioxide removal apparatus is fluidly connected with the outlet of the acid chamber of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis apparatus, the outlet of the carbon dioxide removal apparatus is fluidly connected with the acid solution storage tank, and carbon dioxide gas removed by the carbon dioxide removal apparatus is collected in a carbon dioxide storage tank.

Abstract: A system for utilizing solar power to generate carbon nano-materials. A system for utilizing the carbon dioxide byproduct of a fossil fuel power generation process to drive an electrolysis reaction which produces carbon nano-materials, and methods of producing the same.

Abstract: The invention generally relates to compositions of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and methods of manufacture thereof. In certain aspects, the invention provides air-free compositions of HOCl. In other aspects, the invention provides methods of making HOCl that involve mixing together in water in an air-free environment, a compound that generates a proton (H+) in water and a compound that generates a hypochlorite anion (OCl?) in water to thereby produce air-free hypochlorous acid.

Abstract: The invention generally relates to compositions of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and methods of manufacture thereof. In certain aspects, the invention provides air-free compositions of HOCl. In other aspects, the invention provides methods of making HOCl that involve mixing together in water in an air-free environment, a compound that generates a proton (H+) in water and a compound that generates a hypochlorite anion (OCl?) in water to thereby produce air-free hypochlorous acid.

Abstract: A disclosed thermal treatment apparatus includes a supporting member where plural substrates are supported in the form of shelves; a reaction tube that accommodates the supporting member within the reaction tube, and is provided with plural gas supplying pipes arranged in a side part of the reaction tube, thereby allowing a gas to flow into the reaction tube through the plural gas supplying pipes; and a first heating part that heats the plural substrates supported by the supporting member accommodated within the reaction tube, wherein the first heating part includes a slit that extends from a bottom end to a top end of the first heating part and allows the plural gas supplying pipes to go therethrough, and wherein an entire inner surface, except for the slit, of the heating part faces the side part of the reaction tube.

Abstract: A solid material is disclosed for reversibly adsorbing carbon dioxide. The material comprises a porous carrier material. Deposited on the carrier material is a salt that is capable of reacting with carbon dioxide. Optionally the solid material further contains a particulate, water-insoluble inorganic material. The material can be used in a process for recovering carbon dioxide from a carbon dioxide containing gas mixture. The gas mixture can be atmospheric air. The process comprises a temperature swing between an adsorption temperature T1 and a desorption temperature T2. The difference between T2 and T1 is less than 200 ° C.

Abstract: This invention relates to a carbon dioxide absorbing composition including a sterically hindered alkanolamine, and to a method and apparatus for absorbing carbon dioxide using the same, wherein in a process and apparatus for absorbing and recovering carbon dioxide from a gas mixture including carbon dioxide, a solid-phase bicarbonate crystal including high-concentration carbon dioxide is crystallized from a carbon dioxide absorbing composition having absorbed carbon dioxide and is then selectively separated, thereby efficiently recovering and regenerating carbon dioxide.

Abstract: This invention relates to a carbon dioxide absorbing composition including a tertiary alkanolamine, and to a method and apparatus for absorbing carbon dioxide using the same, wherein in a process and apparatus for absorbing and recovering carbon dioxide from a gas mixture including carbon dioxide, a solid-phase bicarbonate crystal including high-concentration carbon dioxide is crystallized from a carbon dioxide absorbing composition having absorbed carbon dioxide and is then selectively separated, thereby efficiently recovering and regenerating carbon dioxide.

Abstract: The invention features methods and systems for recovering carbon dioxide, for producing commercial quality carbon dioxide (CO2) of 90% to +99% purity using, wet calcium carbonate lime mud produced in a recausticizing process that also produces caustic soda, for instance, Kraft paper pulp mill lime mud (a.k.a., “lime mud”) as a feedstock to a multi-stage lime mud calcination process. This process may be fueled with low, or negative cost “carbon-neutral” fuels such as waste water treatment plant (WWTP) sludge, biomass, precipitated lignins, coal, or other low cost solid fuels. High reactivity, high-quality calcined lime mud (a.k.a. re-burned lime, or calcine), required in the Kraft paper pulp mill's recausticizing process is also produced, and superheated high pressure steam and hot boiler feed-water is generated and exported to the mill's steam distribution and generation system as well as hot process water for use in the mill's manufacturing operation.

Abstract: Methods and systems for converting a biomass and biogenic wastes to hydrogen with integrated carbon dioxide capture and storage are disclosed. In some embodiments, the methods include the following: mixing at least one of a dry solid or liquid or liquid hydroxide and catalysts with a biomass to form a biomass mixture; heating the biomass mixture until the hydroxide and the biomass react to produce hydrogen, carbonate, biochar, and potentially fertilizer; calcining the carbonate or performing double replacement reactions of the carbonate to produce sequestration-ready carbon dioxide and a hydroxide; storing the carbon dioxide produced; transferring the hydrogen produced to a fuel cell; and generating electricity with the fuel cell.

Abstract: Methods and systems for producing a moisture swing sorbent for carbon dioxide capture from air are disclosed. In some embodiments, the methods include the following: providing a heterogeneous ion-exchange material; soaking the material in deionized water; washing the material in hydroxide or carbonate solutions; rinsing the material in deionized water; collecting and titrating residuals of the soaking and the washing steps into a residual solution; measuring an amount of chloride in the residual solution; repeating all of the steps if the amount of chloride measured in the residual solution is greater than zero; and drying the material with either dry nitrogen gas or air free of carbon dioxide and water.

Abstract: The invention features methods and systems for producing commercial quality carbon dioxide (CO2) of 90% to +99% purity using, wet calcium carbonate lime mud produced in a manufacturing operation, for instance, Kraft pulp mill lime mud (a.k.a., “lime mud”) as a feedstock to a multi-stage lime mud calcination process. This process may be fueled with waste water treatment plant (WWTP), sludge biomass, precipitated lignins, coal, or other low cost solid fuels. High reactivity “soft-burned” lime product (“calcine”) required in the mill's chemical recovery circuit is also produced, and steam and heated boiler feed-water is generated and exported to the mill's steam distribution and generation system as well as hot process water for use in the mill's boiler house and manufacturing operation.

Abstract: Gasification of carbon-containing raw material into gasified gas and recovery of CO2 are enabled at the same pressure throughout a system.

Abstract: A system of using carbonates, especially water-insoluble or sparing soluble mineral carbonates, for maintaining or increasing dissolved inorganic carbon concentrations in aqueous media. In particular, the system generates concentrated dissolve inorganic carbon substrates for photosynthetic, chemosynthetic, or abiotic chemical production of carbonaceous or other compounds in solution. In some embodiments, the invention can also enhance the dissolution and retention of carbon dioxide in aqueous media, and can produce pH buffering capacity, metal ions, and heat, which can be beneficial to the preceding syntheses.

Abstract: Apparatus for the production of carbon dioxide from limestone includes a nuclear energy source (32) arranged to generate electricity and a rotary kiln (10). The rotary kiln (10) has an inlet (15) for the introduction of limestone and an outlet (19) for the release of carbon dioxide. An electrical resistance heating element (21) disposed within the kiln (10) is arranged to be supplied with electricity derived from the nuclear energy source (32) to raise the temperature of the element (21) for transfer of heat to the interior of the rotary kiln (10). Limestone in the rotary kiln (10) is thereby heated to a temperature sufficient for the release of carbon dioxide.

Abstract: Techniques for converting a portion of a carbonate to hydroxide include receiving an alkaline carbonate solution that includes between 0.1M (moles per liter of solution) to 4.0M hydroxide and between 0.1M to 4.1M carbonate; reacting, in a slaking process, quicklime (CaO) and a low carbonate content fluid to yield a slurry of primarily slaked lime (Ca(OH)2); and reacting the Ca(OH)2 slurry and the alkaline carbonate solution to grow calcium carbonate (CaCO3) crystal aggregates of 0.0005 mm3 to 5 mm3 in volume in a fluidized-bed reactive crystallizer.

Abstract: An air revitalization apparatus and method simultaneously removes carbon dioxide, water vapor, and heat from air and produces oxygen gas, hydrogen gas, and concentrated carbon dioxide gas, does not require an explosion proof enclosure, and includes a fan configured to blow air into a first gas-liquid contactor, an electrochemical cell including first through fourth passages configured to emit hydrogen gas, permit a flow of a carbonate-hydroxide solution, permit a flow of carbonate-bicarbonate solution, and emit oxygen gas, respectively, the first and fourth passages separated by at least three gas-impermeable membranes, and a second gas-liquid contactor, where the first gas-liquid contactor, second passage, and a first pump are configured to circulate the carbonate-hydroxide solution therethrough, where the second gas-liquid contactor, third passage, and a second pump are configured to circulate the carbonate-bicarbonate solution therethrough, and where the output of the first passage is operationally coupled

Abstract: An exhaust processing assembly for an exhaust generating device, the exhaust processing assembly comprising one or more cartridges, each of the cartridges including a housing and a constituent housed in the housing and capable of at least partially removing carbon dioxide from the exhaust of the exhaust generating device, said constituent being one or more of a solid absorber and any other constituent, wherein the cartridges are one of: removable from the exhaust processing assembly and replaceable with other like cartridges, and refillable with new constituent.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for the combined production of (i) a fertilizer selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate, ammonium phosphates or a combination thereof, (ii) a concentrated stream of CO2 through an indirect neutralization of ammonia with an acid selected from the group consisting of nitric acid, phosphoric acid, a salt thereof and a combination thereof; said method comprising: (I) reacting a carbonate product with a reagent selected from the group consisting of nitric acid, phosphoric acid, a salt thereof, and a mixture thereof to form CO2, and a fertilizer containing an ammonia component; and (II) separating at least a portion of said carbon dioxide from said fertilizer in a condensed and relatively concentrated stream.

Abstract: CO2-sequestering formed building materials are provided. The building materials of the invention include a composition comprising a carbonate/bicarbonate component. Additional aspects of the invention include methods of making and using the CO2-sequestering formed building material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a chemical composition and method of generating carbon dioxide for use with an insect monitor and/or capture device comprising: i) an effervescent agent; ii) a solid acid; iii) a deliquescent agent; and optionally iv) an anti-clumping agent.

Abstract: CO2-sequestering formed building materials are provided. The building materials of the invention include a composition comprising a carbonate/bicarbonate component. Additional aspects of the invention include methods of making and using the CO2-sequestering formed building material.

Abstract: A method for recovering carbon dioxide from acidified seawater using a membrane contactor and passing seawater with a pH less than or equal to 6 over the outside of a hollow fiber membrane tube while applying vacuum or a hydrogen sweep gas to the inside of the hollow fiber membrane tube, wherein up to 92% of the re-equilibrated [CO2]T is removed from the natural seawater.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a mixture for recovery utilization or transfer of carbon dioxide gas. According to the present invention, disclosed is a mixture containing carbon dioxide and an alkyltin alkoxide composition containing carbon dioxide complex of an alkyltin alkoxide, the mixture having a composition with a specified ratio.

Abstract: A process for the energy efficient, environmentally friendly recovery of liquid and gaseous products from solid or semi-solid hydrocarbon resources, in particular, oil shale or tar sands. The process involves non-oxidative pyrolysis to recover fluid energy values, oxidative combustion to recover energy values as recoverable heat, and environmental sequestration of gases produced.

Abstract: A process for the production of cement which includes the calcination of calcium carbonate-containing raw meal in a calciner heated by combustion of a carbon-containing fuel with a gas including oxygen and from 0 to 80% by volume of carbon dioxide, and substantially free of nitrogen, and isolating the gas produced by combustion and calcination in the calciner.

Abstract: The present invention relates to systems and processes for reducing the amount of carbon dioxide in a carbon dioxide-containing gas. In particular, the carbon dioxide-containing gas is contacted with a carbonate-containing solution. At least a portion of carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide-containing gas is absorbed in the carbonate-containing solution to produce a carbon dioxide-, carbonate-containing solution. A heat recovery mechanism is employed to recover heat from the carbon dioxide-, bicarbonate-, carbonate-containing solution exiting the chamber to maintain the temperature of the chamber within a range of from about 50° C. to about 90° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a chemical composition and method of generating carbon dioxide for use with an insect monitor and/or capture device comprising: i) an effervescent agent; ii) a solid acid; iii) a deliquescent agent; and optionally iv) an anti-clumping agent.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to separate CO2 gas generated in a cement-manufacturing facility in a high concentration and recover the CO2 gas. The present invention includes: feeding a cement material before calcination and a heat medium which has a particle diameter larger than that of the cement material and has been heated to the calcination temperature or higher in a medium-heating furnace (14), to a mixing calciner (12); and recovering the CO2 gas generated by the calcination of the cement material. The heat medium circulates between the medium-heating furnace and the mixing calciner. Another aspect of the present invention includes: feeding a cement material before calcination to a regenerative calciner (112) which has been heated to the calcination temperature or higher and has stored heat therein; and recovering the CO2 gas generated by the calcination of the cement material.

Abstract: A method of carbon dioxide capture is disclosed. In a step (a) anhydrous sodium carbonate is separated from a first aqueous solution formed by reacting carbon dioxide and an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide. In step (b) the anhydrous sodium carbonate is treated by causticization to generate carbon dioxide and sodium hydroxide. The first aqueous solution of step (a) is formed by scrubbing a gas containing carbon dioxide with an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide.

Abstract: A pulverized coal/coke (PC) boiler combusts carbon-based fuel with substantially pure oxygen and a flue gas recirculation stream (containing predominately carbon dioxide) at varied ratios to achieve a desired boiler temperature profile while producing captured sulfur, a high purity captured CO2 and electric power. The boiler includes at least one of (a) a mechanism for admixing a pulverized solid carbon-based fuel with an alkali metal salt and (b) injecting alkali metal salt into the boiler combustion zone containing a pulverized solid carbon-based fuel.

Abstract: A method of sequestering a multi-element gas emitted by an industrial plant is described herein, the method comprising: contacting a solution, including a first reactant comprising a multi-element gas emitted by an industrial plant and at least one gas absorber comprising nitrogen, for example ammonia or an amine, with a solid, including a second reactant, under conditions that promote a reaction between the first reactant and the second reactant to provide a first product, which incorporates one or more elements of the multi-element gas, thereby sequestering the multi-element gas.

Abstract: The invention concerns a capture tank for capturing a captive target compound from a gaseous and/or vaporous mixture comprising at least the captive target compound and one other material, or for capturing, concentrating or crystallising a target compound from a liquid mixture or solution comprising the target compound and at least one other material, the capture tank comprising an enclosure having a top region, a bottom region and at least one side defining the enclosure, the enclosure being at least partly open in its top region in order to communicate in use of the capture tank with the gaseous and/or vaporous mixture and for permitting ingress of a gaseous and/or vaporous mixture into the enclosure; the enclosure communicating in its bottom region with a reservoir for receiving the captured captive target compound; having means associated with its at least one side and/or its bottom region for permitting egress from the enclosure of the gaseous and/or vaporous mixture in at least partially captive target

Abstract: A novel thermochemical cycle for the decomposition of water is presented. Along with water, hydrogen, and oxygen, the cycle involves an alkali or alkali earth metal based process intermediate and a variety of reaction intermediates. The cycle is driven by renewable energy sources, and can have a maximum operating temperature below 1173 K (900° C.). The kinetics of the cycle are based on the reactant behavior as well as the separability characteristics of the chemicals involved.

Abstract: A method for regenerating a solid reactant includes streaming the solid reactant into an inlet port of a contact or vessel and heating the solid reactant inside the contactor vessel, streaming a purge oxidant into an oxidant port of the contactor vessel to reduce a partial pressure of gas released from the solid reactant, venting the gas from a gas port of the contactor vessel, and removing the solid reactant from a discharge port of the contactor vessel.

Abstract: The invention is a method and composition for producing carbon dioxide that is based on the reaction or activation of at least one carbon-containing compound with protons. The carbon-containing compound can be in the form of a powder, an impregnated carrier (e.g. zeolite crystals) or an aqueous solution and is preferably selected from the group consisting of carbonates, bicarbonates or sesquicarbonates. The protons are preferably provided by a proton-generating species such as an acid or metal salt. The method and composition can further include a water-retaining substance and/or a chlorine dioxide-producing compound in accordance with the invention.

Abstract: Aspects of the invention include methods of contacting carbon dioxide with an aqueous mixture. In practicing methods according to certain embodiments, a subterranean brine may be contacted with carbon dioxide to produce a reaction product, which may or may not be further processed as desired. Also provided are methods in which a brine or minerals are contacted with an aqueous composition. Aspects of the invention further include compositions produced by methods of the invention as well as systems for practicing methods of the invention.

Abstract: A method for treating a process water from a bitumen recovery process in order to obtain carbon dioxide from the process water, which method includes lowering the pH of the process water, thereby causing carbon dioxide to evolve from the process water as evolved carbon dioxide gas. The evolved carbon dioxide gas may be collected and compressed, and water vapour associated with the evolved carbon dioxide gas may be separated from the evolved carbon dioxide gas. After the carbon dioxide has been obtained from the process water, the process water and the water vapour separated from the evolved carbon dioxide gas may be recycled back to the bitumen recovery process. The evolved carbon dioxide gas may be stored for future use or sale. The method may also include heating the process water in order to reduce the solubility of carbon dioxide in the process water.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for the combined production of (i) a fertilizer selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate, ammonium phosphates or a combination thereof, (ii) a concentrated stream of CO2 through an indirect neutralization of ammonia with an acid selected from the group consisting of nitric acid, phosphoric acid, a salt thereof and a combination thereof; said method comprising: (I) reacting a carbonate product with a reagent selected from the group consisting of nitric acid, phosphoric acid, a salt thereof, and a mixture thereof to form CO2, and a fertilizer containing an ammonia component; and (II) separating at least a portion of said carbon dioxide from said fertilizer in a condensed and relatively concentrated stream.

Abstract: A process relates to the energy efficient, environmentally friendly recovery of liquid and gaseous products from solid or semi-solid hydrocarbon resources, in particular, oil shale or tar sands. The process involves non-oxidative pyrolysis to recover fluid energy values, oxidative combustion to recover energy values as recoverable heat, and environmental sequestration of gases produced.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and apparatuses for removing carbon dioxide from a gas stream. In particular, the invention provides methods and apparatuses for absorbing carbon dioxide from a coal-fired boiler flue gas stream using an absorbing solution and for regeneration of an alkaline component used in the absorbing solution. In one embodiment, the invention provides a method for removing carbon dioxide from a gas stream by contacting a gas stream containing carbon dioxide with an alkaline liquid stream; absorbing at least a portion of the carbon dioxide into the alkaline liquid stream to produce absorbed carbon dioxide; and catalyzing a reaction of the absorbed carbon dioxide to a form of carbonate.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a thermochemical method for the production of hydrogen from water. The method includes reacting a multi-valent metal oxide, water and a carbonate to produce an alkali metal-multi-valent metal oxide compound, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the production of cement which comprises the calcination of calcium carbonate-containing raw meal in a calciner heated by combustion of a carbon-containing fuel with a gas comprising oxygen and from 0 to 80% by volume of carbon dioxide, and substantially free of nitrogen, and isolating the gas produced by combustion and calcination in the calciner.

Abstract: A method of carbon dioxide capture is disclosed. In a step (a) anhydrous sodium carbonate is separated from a first aqueous solution formed by reacting carbon dioxide and an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide. In step (b) the anhydrous sodium carbonate is treated by causticization to generate carbon dioxide and sodium hydroxide. The first aqueous solution of step (a) is formed by scrubbing a gas containing carbon dioxide with an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the recovery of elemental sulphur from residues produced in hydrometallurgical processes based on leaching with a solution of sodium sulphide in which the sulphur contained in the residues is selectively leached as sodium polysulphide. The sulphur leaching solution is conveniently regenerated and recycled to the process.

Abstract: A pulverized coal/coke (PC) boiler combusts carbon-based fuel with substantially pure oxygen and a flue gas recirculation stream (containing predominately carbon dioxide) at varied ratios to achieve a desired boiler temperature profile while producing captured sulfur, a high purity captured CO2 and electric power. The boiler includes at least one of (a) a mechanism for admixing a pulverized solid carbon-based fuel with an alkali metal salt and (b) injecting alkali metal salt into the boiler combustion zone containing a pulverized solid carbon-based fuel.

Abstract: The invention features methods and systems for producing commercial quality carbon dioxide (CO2) of 90% to +99% purity using, wet, fine particle limestone produced in a manufacturing operation, for instance, a limestone quarry as a feedstock to a multi-stage limestone calcination process. This process may be fueled with negative cost waste water treatment plant (WWTP) sludge, biomass, coal, or other low cost solid fuels. High reactivity lime product required in the an adjacent paper mill's PCC manufacturing plant is also produced, and steam and heated boiler feed-water is generated and exported to the mill's steam distribution and generation system as well as hot process water for use in the mill's manufacturing operation. The system for calcining fine particle limestone produced in a quarry manufacturing operation and converting it to lime and CO2 comprises a calciner and a combustor linked by a moving media heat transfer (MMHT) system or apparatus.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a mixture for recovery utilization or transfer of carbon dioxide gas. According to the present invention, disclosed is a mixture containing carbon dioxide and an alkyltin alkoxide composition containing carbon dioxide complex of an alkyltin alkoxide, the mixture having a composition with a specified ratio.

Abstract: The invention features methods and systems for producing commercial quality carbon dioxide (CO2) of 90% to +99% purity using, wet calcium carbonate lime mud produced in a manufacturing operation, for instance, Kraft pulp mill lime mud (a.k.a., “lime mud”) as a feedstock to a multi-stage lime mud calcination process. This process may be fueled with waste water treatment plant (WWTP), sludge biomass, precipitated lignins, coal, or other low cost solid fuels. High reactivity “soft-burned” lime product (“calcine”) required in the mill's chemical recovery circuit is also produced, and steam and heated boiler feed-water is generated and exported to the mill's steam distribution and generation system as well as hot process water for use in the mill's boiler house and manufacturing operation.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a composition for preparing a carbon dioxide external preparation characterized by comprising a substance generating an acid after being hydrolyzed, a carbonate, a thickener and water as essential components, and a composition for preparing a carbon dioxide external preparation characterized by comprising the essential components above, a gelating agent being gelated by a calcium ion and a water-insoluble or poorly soluble calcium salt. According to the invention, the carbon dioxide external preparation, which contains sufficient amount of carbon dioxide, from which the carbon dioxide is absorbed transdermally or transmucosally in a sustained manner, and which has a more potent cosmetic or medical effect, can be easily prepared. In addition, the composition for preparing a carbon dioxide external preparation with a low cost can be provided.