Abstract: The present invention relates to a filler comprising a recovered carbon black having an iodine adsorption number, measured according to ASTM D-1510-17 of between 9 g/kg and 160 g/kg, preferably between 115 g/kg and 140 g/kg. The present invention also relates to a composite material comprising a rubber and a filler according to the invention. Moreover, the present invention relates to an article comprising said composite material, wherein the article is for example a tyre, such as, a passenger car tyre, a truck tyre, an agricultural tyre, an OTR (off-the-road) tyre, an aircraft tyre, a solid tyre, a bicycle tyre or a mining tyre.

Abstract: An integrated scrap tire pyrolysis plant can be built to process scrap tires. The recovered carbon black can be used in rubber and plastic industries. Oil and gas from the pyrolysis process can further be used in the production of virgin carbon black. Natural rubber is a sustainable feedstock for the manufacture of tires, making the manufacture of virgin carbon black partially sustainable. A very low PAH carbon black can be produced by limiting the exit temperature of carbon black and tail gas prior to leaving the reaction chamber.

Abstract: A pyrolysis device and process to convert a carbonaceous feedstock to a carbon solid and pyrolysis gas, and processes for refining the resulting carbon solid and pyrolysis gases. The pyrolysis process may include introducing a carbonaceous feedstock into a pyrolysis processor having a vertical rotary tray processor, heating the feedstock to a temperature above about 790° F., removing a carbon material from a bottom of the pyrolysis processor, and removing a pyrolysis gas from a top of the pyrolysis processor.

Abstract: An integrated scrap tire pyrolysis plant can be built to process scrap tires. The recovered carbon black can be used in rubber and plastic industries. Oil and gas from the pyrolysis process can further be used in the production of virgin carbon black. Natural rubber is a sustainable feedstock for the manufacture of tires, making the manufacture of virgin carbon black partially sustainable. A very low PAH carbon black can be produced by limiting the exit temperature of carbon black and tail gas prior to leaving the reaction chamber.

Abstract: A system for tire distillation including an upper chamber, a first conveyor configured to transport a tire through the upper chamber, a lower chamber located beneath the upper chamber, the lower chamber that includes an ultrasonic purge chamber configured to radiate the tire with ultrasonic radiation, a microwave radiation chamber configured to radiate the tire with microwave radiation, and a second conveyor configured to transport the tire from the ultrasonic purge chamber to the microwave radiation chamber. The system further includes a vacuum system configured to maintain an atmosphere in the ultrasonic purge chamber and the microwave radiation chamber under a vacuum wherein the tire is preheated during conveyance through the upper chamber from heat produced in the lower chamber.

Abstract: A pyrolysis device and process to convert a carbonaceous feedstock to a carbon solid and pyrolysis gas, and processes for refining the resulting carbon solid and pyrolysis gases. The pyrolysis process may include introducing a carbonaceous feedstock into a pyrolysis processor having a vertical rotary tray processor, heating the feedstock to a temperature above about 790° F., removing a carbon material from a bottom of the pyrolysis processor, and removing a pyrolysis gas from a top of the pyrolysis processor.

Abstract: A process for multistage thermal treatment of rubber waste, in particular scrap tires, is proposed. The process comprises several steps of transferring a product granulate of rubber waste into three different sequencing heating zones of a reactor (10). In the heating zones (11a, 11b, 11c) the product granulate is heated at a first temperature between 100° to 200° C., preferably 150° to 180° C., then at a second temperature between 200° to 350° C. and at a third temperature between 300° to 600° C. The temperature is maintained until such time that no further oil is emitted within the respective heating zone. As a final step, the product granulate is removed from the reactor (10) and the desirable solid materials are separated.

Abstract: Scrap rubber is decomposed in a reactor. The decomposition products are separated into gaseous products and carbon residue. The gaseous products are heated to 1200-1300° C. to decomposition primarily resins and asphaltenes, oil is isolated, atomized to a droplet size of 0.2-2.0 mm, mixed in a ratio of 1:(0.05-3.0) with the carbon residue, which is ground to 0.1-1.0 mm, and thermally decomposed into carbon black with an atomic hydrogen-to-carbon ratio (H:C) in the range of 0.02-0.07 and gases. Ash and volatile compounds are removed from the carbon residue. Carbon black is separated from the ash. The heat given off during combustion of part of the oil is spent on the formation of carbon black, the flash heating of the carbon residue and the removal of volatile substances therefrom, said volatile substances being subjected to intensive heating in the absence of oxygen using heated carbon black particles and oil combustion products.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for upgrade-processing carbon black produced by performing a pyrolysis on waste tires and, more particularly to, a method of upgrading carbon black which includes removing iron wires and fibers from carbon black produced by performing a pyrolysis on waste tires with a magnetic separator and a gravity separator and then subjecting the carbon black to micronization, heating, and acid treatment to upgrade the carbon black. The method for upgrade-processing carbon black produced by performing a pyrolysis on waste tires includes producing an inorganic salt by treating carbon black produced by performing a pyrolysis on waste tires with an acid solution to produce an inorganic salt from an inorganic substance contained in the carbon black.

Abstract: A system and method of converting tires or other solid carbon based material is disclosed, including providing a chamber, feeding the solid carbon based material into the chamber, rotating the chamber, heating and reducing the material in the chamber, collecting solid residue from the chamber, collecting vapor from the chamber, and converting vapor collected from the chamber to a liquid. In an embodiment, the material includes a whole tire. The tire is heated in the chamber causing the tire to collapse and liquefy, exposing the metal in the tire which aids in grinding the carbon material in the tire as it tumbles, collecting solid residue, for example tire carbons, and collecting vapor, for example vaporized oil, and benzene and methane gas from the chamber and converting the oil. The chamber may be heated to a temperature from about 350° F. to about 1100° F. using gases reclaimed from the material.

Abstract: A system and method of converting tires or other solid carbon based material is disclosed, including providing a chamber, feeding the solid carbon based material into the chamber, rotating the chamber, heating and reducing the material in the chamber, collecting solid residue from the chamber, collecting vapor from the chamber, and converting vapor collected from the chamber to a liquid. In an embodiment, the material includes a whole tire. The tire is heated in the chamber causing the tire to collapse and liquefy, exposing the metal in the tire which aids in grinding the carbon material in the tire as it tumbles, collecting solid residue, for example tire carbons, and collecting vapor, for example vaporized oil, and benzene and methane gas from the chamber and converting the oil. The chamber may be heated to a temperature from about 500° F. to about 1000° F. using gases reclaimed from the material.

Abstract: A process for devulcanizing crosslinked elastomer particles comprising applying an alternating electric field to a composition comprising crosslinked elastomer particles under compression. The alternating electric field preferably has a frequency between 1 and 100 MHz and a voltage between 1000 and 10,000 V, and may be applied between an apparatus that continuously conveys the particles through the field.

Abstract: A method for recycling rubber tires includes mixing the rubber tires and a hydrophobic ionic liquid in a vessel. The hydrophobic ionic liquid is heated to an elevated vapor temperature to produce dissolved components from the rubber tires. A precipitate is produced from at least some of the dissolved components.

Abstract: A process for multistage thermal treatment of rubber waste, in particular scrap tires, is proposed. The process comprises several steps of transferring a product granulate of rubber waste into three different sequencing heating zones of a reactor (10). In the heating zones (11a, 11b, 11c) the product granulate is heated at a first temperature between 100° to 200° C., preferably 150° to 180° C., then at a second temperature between 200° to 350° C. and at a third temperature between 300° to 600° C. The temperature is maintained until such time that no further oil is emitted within the respective heating zone. As a final step, the product granulate is removed from the reactor (10) and the desirable solid materials are separated.

Abstract: A process for devulcanizing crosslinked elastomer particles comprising applying an alternating radio frequency dielectric field to a composition comprising crosslinked elastomer particles. The alternating radio frequency dielectric field preferably has a frequency between 1 and 100 MHz and a voltage between 1000 and 10,000 V.

Abstract: The invention relates a pyrolytic carbon black produced from pyrolyzed rubber, the pyrolytic carbon black having an ash content ranging between 9-15%, a toluene discoloration at 425 mu of between 80-90% transmission, an iodine adsorption between 30 and 45 mg/g; and, an n-dibutyl phthalate absorption number of or to 65 cc/100 gm.

Abstract: A process for making a carbonaceous material and a carbonous residue from scrap tires is disclosed. Tires are digested in an oil product. Steel and glass fibers are separated. A product enhancing additive comprising halogen based organic or inorganic compounds is added. The resulting carbonaceous material is then cured to create the final product. The produced carbonous residue is well suited for capture of mercury. The present invention has the benefits of providing a use for scrap tires that would otherwise require disposal in a landfill, and also produces a product useful for capturing a harmful element, thereby providing multiple environmental and economic benefits.

Abstract: A vulcanizable rubber composition is presented that comprises an elastomer; a reinforcing filler selected from silica, carbon black, and mixtures thereof, a cure agent; and an amino alkoxy-modified silsesquioxane (AMS) comprising one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of an amino AMS, an amino/mercaptan co-AMS, an amino/blocked mercaptan co-AMS, mixtures thereof, and weak acid-neutralized solid and aqueous solutions thereof. Addition of such compounds to the rubber composition provides improved dynamic viscoelastic and mechanical properties of the vulcanized rubber compound and predict that tire components, especially tread stocks, will provide tires having improved snow traction, lower rolling resistance but equal wet traction, increased rebound, decreased hysteresis, and a general improvement in tire performance.

Abstract: The invention relates a pyrolytic carbon black produced from pyrolyzed rubber, the pyrolytic carbon black having an ash content ranging between 9-15%, a toluene discoloration at 425 mu of between 80-90% transmission, an iodine adsorption between 30 and 45 mg/g; and, an n-dibutyl phthalate absorption number of or to 65 cc/100 gm.

Abstract: The invention relates to recycled rubber produced by a process comprising the steps of: a) shredding cleaned rubber tires into shreds less than 2? long; b) pyrolyzing the shreds in a reaction chamber of a thermal processor in a first anaerobic environment to produce a char; c) drawing off volatile organics from the reaction chamber; c) removing the char from the reaction chamber; d) cooling the char in a second anaerobic environment; e) removing metal and textile components from the char to obtain pyrolytic carbon black; f) milling and sizing the pyrolytic carbon black so obtained into particles of 325 mesh size or smaller; and, g) utilizing the pyrolytic carbon black from the previous step in a polymerization process that produces said recycled rubber. It also relates to the high quality pyrolytic carbon black recovered from this process.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing carbon black comprising the steps of mixing waste tire material and waste plastic in a pressure vessel, charging the pressure vessel with an inert gas to a desired pressure control range, controllably heating the pressure vessel to increase temperature inside the vessel until the temperature reaches a desired temperature control range, while maintaining pressure within the pressure control range, and maintaining temperature and pressure within the respective control ranges for a desired soak time while venting gases generated in the pressure vessel, wherein substantially pure carbon black is produced, is disclosed.

Abstract: A process for making a carbonous residue from scrap tires is disclosed. Tires are digested in an oil product. Steel and glass fibers are separated. A product enhancing additive comprising halogen based organic or inorganic compounds is added. The resulting carbonaceous material is then cured to create the final product. The produced carbonous residue is well suited for capture of mercury. The present invention has the benefits of providing a use for scrap tires that would otherwise require disposal in a landfill, and also produces a product useful for capturing a harmful element, thereby providing multiple environmental and economic benefits.

Abstract: The inventive method consists in carrying out rubber crumb thermolysis in a fluidized layer in the vertical flow of a supercritical hydrocarbon alkylaromatics-containing gas. The rubber crumb thermolysis is carried out in a reactor at a mass ratio between a solvent and residues less than 0.1. The solvent is also used in the form of a fluidizing agent, a heat carrier and for removing reaction products from the reactor, thereby enabling the solvent to flow in such a way that all the products produced by the rubber crumb thermolysis are totally removed from the reactor in the main stream with the solvent.

Abstract: A char containing less than 5% volatile matter is produced by pryolyzing shredded scrap vehicle tires and other rubber scrap material in an externally heated retort until the rubber is completely decomposed and until the temperature of the gases produced by the pyrolysis process reaches at least 500° C. The char is then subjected to resonance disintegration of an intensity sufficient to produce an unltrafine, particulate carbon product. In a preferred embodiment, essentially 100% of the individual carbon product particles are smaller than about 8 microns, and that product displays a dispersion coefficient in rubber of greater than 87%. The surface properties of the carbon product particles may be further modified by reacting or coating the carbon with chemical compounds or coating agents during or immediately after the resonance disintegration to tailor the properties of the carbon product to its use.

Abstract: A system (10), process and apparatus are disclosed for purifying carbon black (15) containing sulfur and metal oxide impurities by digesting (20) the impure carbon black in an acid to extract the metal oxide (25). Sulfur (45) is then removed from the acid treated carbon black (30) by solvent extraction (35) with an organic aromatic solvent which is then recovered (50). The purified carbon black (40) is then suitable for use as a toner (60) by toner black processing (55).

Abstract: Method for utilization of rubber wastes with simultaneous carrying of pyrolysis of coal in cells of a coke oven battery, in which each consequent cell is filled with previously prepared and disintegrated blend of coke coals of a size of particles 0.1-5.0 mm in amount of 95-99% by weight a rubber granulate is added in a form of a rubber grain of a size of particles 0.1-5.0 mm in amount of 1-5% by weight, and thus formed mixture of coking coals charge and rubber grain is thickened by a mechanical compacting till an uniform structure of a whole charge is obtained, and then a process for utilization of rubber wastes is carried out in a closed system without an access of oxygen in a temperature of at least 900° C. with a simultaneous pyrolysis of coal.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method and an equipment for pre-treatment of used tires (1) before a pyrolysis process. The invention is characterized in that said cleaning of each tire (1) is carried out in a closed chamber (5) with high pressure air jets. Air contaminated with dust and other dirt particles from said tire (1) is preferably continuously conducted through an air cleaning device (10) for removing said dust and other dirt particles from the air, and received cleaned air is fed to a high pressure blower (8) for producing said high pressure air jets.

Abstract: Tire pyrolysis systems and processes are provided which include feeding tire shreds to a pyrolysis reactor, pyrolyzing the shreds in a pyrolysis reactor to produce a hydrocarbon-containing gas stream and carbon-containing solid, removing the carbon-containing solid from the reactor, directing the hydrocarbon-containing gas stream into a separator, contacting the hydrocarbon-containing gas stream with an oil spray in the separator thereby washing particulate from the hydrocarbon-containing gas stream and condensing a portion of the gas stream to oil, removing and cooling the oil from the separator, directing non-condensed gas from the gas stream away from the separator, and directing a portion of the cooled oil removed from the separator to an inlet of the separator for use as the separator oil spray.

Abstract: The low temperature pyrolysis of shredded scrap vehicle tires and other rubber scrap material yields a char consisting of coarse, granular particles of carbon. Those granular particles are converted to ultrafine carbon products useful as fillers and pigments by means of resonance disintegration. During resonance disintegration the char granules and particles are subjected to intense high energy shock waves resulting in a carbon particle product in which typically over half of the carbon particulate volume is below one micron when dispersed in water. The surface properties of the carbon particles or of carbon blacks produced by conventional techniques can be further modified by reacting or coating the carbon with chemical compounds or coating agents during or immediately after the resonance disintegration to tailor the properties of the carbon product to its use.

Abstract: A waste tire processing apparatus (10) reacts waste tires (26) with a molten reactant metal (19) to recover primarily carbon and stainless steel. The apparatus (10) includes a tire positioning arrangement (20) for positioning the waste tires (26) in the molten reactant metal (19) for a reaction period. After the reaction period, the tire positioning arrangement (20) removes from the molten metal non-reacted solids remaining after the reaction. The non-reacted solids comprise primarily stainless-steel included in the waste tires. As the waste tires (26) are reacted in the molten reactant metal (19), a gas recovery arrangement (14) collects process gases released from the molten metal. The gas recovery arrangement (14) recovers primarily carbon, metal salts, hydrogen, and nitrogen.

Abstract: The invention concerns reinforcement additives consisting of oligomeric and/or polymeric sulfur-containing organoorganooxysilanes, perhaps other unsaturated hydrocarbon-containing organoorganooxysilanes and reinforcing semiactive, active, and/or highly active carbon blacks, common in rubber, their production, and the use of the additives in perhaps silicatically filled vulcanizable rubber mixtures and compositions and in plastic mixtures or in carbon black dispersions.

Abstract: A process and system for the recovery of desirable constituent materials from vehicle tire pieces through pyrolysis. The system includes a pyrolysis section that is divided into a plurality of individual heating zones. Each of the heating zones is heated to a distinct operating temperature that is independent from the operating temperature of the remaining heating zones. Vehicle tire pieces are fed into the infeed end of the pyrolysis section by a rotatable feed cylinder that includes a screw-like flight extending from the inner wall of the feed cylinder. As the feed cylinder rotates, the flight directs the supply of vehicle tire pieces into the infeed end of the pyrolysis section. The pyrolysis section includes a rotary kiln that is divided into the plurality of heating zones.