Abstract: A carbonaceous electrode having improved capacities for doping and dedoping of a cell active substance, such as lithium, and suitable for a non-aqueous solvent-type secondary battery, is constituted by a carbonaceous material obtained by carbonizing an aromatic condensation polymer formed by condensation of an aromatic compound having a phenolic hydroxy group and an aldehyde. The carbonaceous material is characterized by an atomic ratio H/C between hydrogen atoms and carbon atoms of below 0.1, a carbon dioxide adsorption capacity of at least 10 ml/g, and an X-ray scattering intensity ratio IW/ID of at least 0.25, wherein IW and ID represent scattering intensities as measured in a wet state and a dry state, respectively, at a parameter s=2·sin &thgr;/&lgr; of 0.5 nm−1, wherein &thgr; denotes a scattering angle and &lgr; denotes a wavelength of X-rays in X-ray small-angle scattering measurement.

Abstract: A process for destroying fluorine in a gas containing such fluorine by contacting the gas with a fluidized bed of metal particles capable of reacting with such fluorine wherein the metal particles have a particle size essentially no greater than approximately 300 microns. The process can be conducted in parallel connected switching fluidized beds wherein the beds are switched based upon achieving a predetermined bed height expansion based upon the reaction of the metal particles with such fluorine.

Abstract: A method of recovering chloride and sulfate salts from spent potliner using acid digestion.

Abstract: In order to reduce pollutants in the waste gas of regeneration plants for spent hydrochloric acid from pickling plants a process is provided, comprising the thermal decomposition of iron chloride in the spent pickling acid to iron oxide and gaseous hydrochloric acid, wherein to the spent pickling acid at least one compound is admixed which contains nitrogen having a low oxidation number, for example ammonium compounds, ammonia, urea or amides.

Abstract: Processes for use of a controlled continuous high pressure multiple reactant streams flowing into a chemical mixer/reactor. Individual reactant streams are pressurized to about 8,000 to 50,000 psi and achieve velocities up to about 250 meters/second in the final stage of the chemical mixer/reactor.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing an aqueous solution of FeCl.sub.3. The process involves the steps of: (a) reacting an ore material comprising titanium and iron with chlorine and coke to form a metal chloride vapor stream comprising titanium tetrachloride, ferrous chloride, ferric chloride and unreacted coke and ore solids; (b) cooling the metal chloride vapor stream to a temperature in the range of 350 to 500.degree. C. to condense at least some of the ferrous chloride; (c) separating the condensed ferrous chloride and the unreacted coke and ore solids from the metal chloride vapor stream; (d) cooling the metal chloride vapor stream to a temperature in the range of 180 to 240.degree. C. to form a precipitate comprising ferric chloride; and (e) adding the precipitate to water to form an aqueous solution comprising ferric chloride. The resulting aqueous solution has a high FeCl.sub.3 content, and can be used in wastewater treatment applications.

Abstract: A method for treatment of water in which an aqueous solution containing a freshly made polymerised iron substance is produced, the produced polymerised iron substance is aged sufficiently long to provide for efficient treatment of water, and the aqueous solution containing aged polymerised iron substance is added to the water to be treated.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparing an anhydrous magnesium halide solution, comprising a step of distilling water off from an oxygen-containing organic solvent solution of hydrous magnesium halide containing at least calcium as an impurity, to prepare an oxygen-containing organic solvent solution of anhydrous magnesium halide, wherein a potassium compound is added in said step to precipitate calcium and potassium, followed by removing the calcium and potassium. According to this process, an anhydrous magnesium halide solution scarcely containing calcium can be prepared from hydrous magnesium halide containing calcium as an impurity. Also disclosed is a process for preparing a solid titanium catalyst component for olefin polymerization, comprising contacting the anhydrous magnesium halide solution obtained by the above process with a liquid titanium compound to precipitate a solid titanium catalyst component.

Abstract: A synthetic chalcoalumite compound represented by the formula (1)(Zn.sub.a-x.sup.2+ M.sub.x.sup.2+)Al.sub.4.sup.3+ (OH).sub.b (A.sup.n-).sub.c.mH.sub.2 O (1)whereinM.sup.2+ represents at least one of Cu, Ni, Co and Mg;a represents 0.3<a<2.0;x represents 0.ltoreq.x<1.0;b represents 10<b<14;A.sup.n- represents one or two selected from SO.sub.4.sup.2-, HPO.sub.4.sup.2-, CO.sub.3.sup.2-, CrO.sub.4.sup.2-, SiO.sub.3.sup.2-, NO.sub.3.sup.2-, OH.sup.- and Cl.sup.- ;c represents 0.4<c<2.0 andm represents a number of 1 to 4,and a process for the production thereof.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing nickel chloride is disclosed which is used as the raw material for manufacturing Zn--Ni coated steel plates, for electroless Ni plating industries, for electronic components, and for a high purity chemical additive Ni powder. That is, the invention discloses a process for manufacturing high purity nickel chloride (NiCl.sub.2) by utilizing a waste nickel anode which is obtained from an electroplating factory of a steel manufacturing plant. The process for manufacturing high purity nickel chloride includes the steps of: pre-treating a waste nickel anode to remove impurities adhered on the surface thereof; working the pre-treated waste nickel anode so as to provide an increased specific surface area; putting the worked waste nickel anode into an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution of 10-35% so as for the equivalence ratios of Ni, HCl and NiCl.sub.2 to be 1.0 or more, and dissolving the worked waste nickel anode at a reaction temperature of 20.degree.-80 C.

Abstract: Psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis and eczema are treated by oral administration of inorganic nickel compound(s), with or without inorganic bromide(s). In an especially preferred embodiment, the nickel compound used to treat these diseases is NiBr.sub.2.

Abstract: 35% to 45% by weight concentrated aqueous solutions of ferric chloride, directly useful as flocculating agents in a variety of water treatments, are prepared by (a) reacting chlorine with an aqueous solution of ferrous chloride, in the presence of a recycled aqueous solution of ferric chloride; (b) decompressing the step (a) reaction product solution to vaporize water therefrom, thereby concentrating same; and (c) recycling a fraction of the decompressed liquid phase to step (a) and recovering remaining fraction as final product aqueous solution of ferric chloride.

Abstract: 35% to 45% by weight concentrated aqueous solutions of ferric chloride, directly useful as flocculating agents in a variety of water treatments, are prepared by (a) reacting chlorine with an aqueous solution of ferrous chloride, in the presence of a recycled aqueous solution of ferric chloride; (b) decompressing the step (a) reaction product solution to vaporize water therefrom, thereby concentrating same; and (c) recycling a fraction of the decompressed liquid phase to step (a) and recovering remaining fraction as final product aqueous solution of ferric chloride.

Abstract: Psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis and eczema are treated by oral administration of inorganic nickel compound(s), with or without inorganic bromide(s). In an especially preferred embodiment, the nickel compound used to treat these diseases is NiBr.sub.2.

Abstract: Concentrated aqueous solutions of ferric chloride, directly useful as flocculating agents in a variety of water treatments, are prepared by (a) digesting iron with a dilute aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid until such acid has essentially been consumed and thereby producing an aqueous solution of ferrous chloride; (b) reacting chlorine with such aqueous solution of ferrous chloride, in the presence of a recycled aqueous solution of ferric chloride; (c) decompressing the step (b) reaction product solution to vaporize water therefrom, thereby concentrating same; and (d) recycling a fraction of the decompressed liquid phase to step (b) and recovering remaining fraction as final product aqueous solution of ferric chloride.

Abstract: A method of regenerating an etching waste fluid, includes the steps of dissolving HCl gas in an etching waste fluid at a temperature falling within a range of 20.degree. C. to 50.degree. C. and crystallizing NiCl.sub.2 and FeCl.sub.2 crystals, the etching waste fluid containing NiCl.sub.2, FeCl.sub.3, and FeCl.sub.2 and being obtained by etching Ni or an Ni alloy with an etching solution consisting of an aqueous solution containing FeCl.sub.3, distilling a mother liquor at the atmospheric pressure after crystallization and separation thereof to reduce the HCl concentration in the mother liquor, and distilling, at a reduced pressure, a concentrate obtained upon distillation at the atmospheric pressure to further reduce the HCl concentration, thereby obtaining an aqueous solution containing FeCl.sub.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of an aqueous solution of ferric chloride including the steps of introducing an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid into a reactor containing a bed of fragments of an oxide-containing iron ore so that the aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid travels upwardly through the bed, collecting a suspension of ore particles in an aqueous solution of ferric chloride from the bed mechanically separating the ore particles from the aqueous solution of ferric chloride of the suspension, and recycling the ore particles by adding the ore particles to the aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid upstream of the bed.

Abstract: A novel method is proposed for concurrently producing a metallic copper powder and a valuable chloride of a metal other than copper, e.g., manganese, zinc, cobalt, nickel and tin, from a depleted aqueous etching solution containing copper (II) chloride as discharged from the etching process in the manufacture of copper-foiled printed circuit boards. The inventive method also contributes to solve the problem for the disposal of such a waste solution without causing the troubles in connection with environmental pollution. The inventive method comprises the steps of: treating the waste solution with an active carbon so as to remove organic impurities; admixing the solution with a powder, granules or flakes of the above mentioned metal so as to precipitate the copper value in the metallic form, instead, giving an aqueous solution of the chloride of the added metal; and separating the copper metal powder and the chloride solution.

Abstract: Metal halide compositions of enhanced purity are produced by vapor phase deposition via reactions involving organometallic starting materials in a process wherein a carbon getter is provided in the reaction zone and/or adjacent the developing metal halide deposit. The carbon getter reduces carbon contamination in the product which can result from side decomposition reactions involving the organometallic starting materials.

Abstract: A method for preparing anhydrous ferric chloride from a hydrous solution containing ferric chloride that contains organic substances and/or ferrous chloride. In the method, water is removed from a ferric-chloride water solution or a solution, in which at least a portion of the ferrous chloride has been converted by oxidation into ferric chloride, by drying in an atmosphere containing hydrochloric acid. The anhydrous ferric chloride is refined by sublimating it into gas phase in a chlorine-containing atmosphere and by subliming it into a pure crystalline ferric chloride.

Abstract: Psoriasis molecules are treated by administering non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable solutions (topically, orally or by I.V.) of a composition containing nickel with a bromide carrier.

Abstract: A process for preparing a bulk powder for an oxide superconductor which comprises mixing an alcohol solution (I) of a copper nitrate and a lanthanoid metal nitrate with an alcohol solution (II) comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a barium hydroxide and a barium alkoxide to give a coprecipitate, and thermally decomposing the coprecipitate. According to the present invention, compared to the solid-state reaction, fine particles having the particle size of not more than 1 .mu.m can be easily produced because barium carbonate comparatively stable to heat is not formed on calcination, and the desired bulk powder for oxide superconductor can be produced at even lower temperature. Consequently, the obtained bulk powder for the oxide superconductor has fine particles, e.g. the particle size being not more than 1 .mu.m, therefore, the powder is excellent in stoichinometry, large in surface energy and excellent in sintering property.

Abstract: A metal is dissolved by a method which comprises establishing contact of the metal with a quaternary ammonium compound and a halogenated hydrocarbon or with a quaternary ammonium compound, a halogenated hydrocarbon, and a polar solvent.

Abstract: Concentrated aqueous solutions of ferric chloride, directly useful as flocculating agents in a variety of water treatments, are prepared by (a) reacting chlorine, advantangeously a stoichiometric amount of chlorine, with an aqueous solution of ferrous chloride in the presence of an aqueous solution of ferric chloride, in an essentially vertical reaction zone, with at least a major amount of the ferrous chloride solution being introduced to the upper section of such reaction zone, at least a major amount of the chlorine being introduced countercurrently to the base of such reaction zone, and the ferric chloride solution being introduced at at least one point intermediate such ferrous chloride solution/chlorine inlets, and (b) recovering final product aqueous solution of ferric chloride from the base of the reaction zone.

Abstract: There is provided a process for the partial oxidation of solid ferrous chloride and the complete oxidation of all carbon that is present with molecular oxygen at 350.degree. C. to 675.degree. C., to produce ferric oxide and ferric chloride vapor without producing elemental chlorine.

Abstract: Processes and apparatus for the closed-loop regeneration of spent hydrochloric acid pickle liquors that have been used to pickle ferrous metals by recovering ferrous chloride from the spent pickle liquors at very low temperatures. The process includes maintaining the hydrochloric acid and iron concentrations within the spent pickle liquor at levels that will prevent the liquor from freezing when cooled to about -10 degrees Fahrenheit and that will permit the formation of ferrous chloride crystals within the spent pickle liquor when the liquor is cooled below about +18 to 20 degrees Fahrenheit and to about -10 degrees Fahrenheit. The ferrous chloride crystals formed at such low temperatures are then removed from the pickle liquor, which then permits reuse of the free hydrochloric acid remaining within the thus regenerated pickle liquor in normal pickling operations.

Abstract: An aqueous solution containing a new ferric ferrous salt Fe.sub.2 Cl.sub.5 and a method of producing the same are provided. Said aqueous solution contianing said Fe.sub.2 Cl.sub.5 may include both the aqueous solution of said Fe.sub.2 Cl.sub.5 and the aqueous mixture of said Fe.sub.2 Cl.sub.5 and a salt of alkali metals or a compound containing a metal which belongs to zinc family. A method of producing said Fe.sub.2 Cl.sub.5 comprises dissolving ferric chloride into aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide and then neutralizing said resulting aqueous solution by hydrochloric acid or dissolving ferrous sulfate into aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid, and a method of producing said aqueous mixture comprises adding said Fe.sub.2 Cl.sub.5 into an aqueous solution of strong acid and then adding a salt of alkali metals or a compound containing a metal which belongs to zinc family. Said aqueous solution containing said Fe.sub.2 Cl.sub.

Abstract: The invention relates to the preparation of high purity, chloride- and alkali metal-free copper (II) alkoxides by means of the reaction of an alcoholic alkali metal alkoxide solution with copper (II) fluoride; ammoniating the resulting solution to render soluble the resulting copper (II) alkoxide; and filtering the resulting solution to obtain an alkali metal- and chloride-free alcoholic copper (II) alkoxide solution. The resulting solution is useful in the preparation of superconducting compound such as yttrium-barium-copper oxide superconductor.

Abstract: A process of recovering chlorine from a stream of hydrocarbon chloride includes providing a first fluidized bed of a carrier catalyst cupric oxide in a first reaction zone within a first reactor; supplying hydrogen chloride in a first stream to that first zone for fluidizing the first bed and for exothermic reaction with cupric oxide in the bed to produce cupric chloride, water and heat, removing cupric chloride from that zone in a second stream, and removing water from that zone and removing heat from that zone; feeding the second stream to a second reaction zone within a second reactor, and providing a second fluidized bed of cupric chloride in the second reaction zone, and; supplying oxygen in a third stream to the second zone for fluidizing the second bed and for endothermic reaction with cupric chloride in the second bed at elevated temperatures between 300.degree. and 360.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for recovering elemental chlorine from ferrous chloride produced during chlorination of a titaniferous ore or ore beneficiate by oxidizing ferrous chloride in a fluidized bed of particulate material which is inert, e.g., sand, continuously oxidizing first to ferric chloride and then to ferric oxide as one stage.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for separating cobalt from nickel which consists essentially of adjusting the pH of a cobalt chloride solution containing nickel to about 3 to about 5 with a base, adding hypochlorite to the resulting pH adjusted solution in an amount equal to at least the stoichiometric amount required to oxidize essentially all of the cobalt to the .sup.+3 state, while maintaining the pH at about 3 to about 5 by addition of a base, to form a solid containing at least about 60% by weight of the cobalt in the .sup.+3 state and a liquor containing essentially all of the nickel, and removing the solid from the liquor.

Abstract: A process of recovering Cl.sub.2 from a stream of HCl includes the steps of providing a first fluidized bed of a carrier catalyst CuO in a first reaction zone; supplying HCl in a first stream to that zone for reaction with CuO in the bed to produce CuCl.sub.2, H.sub.2 O and heat, removing CuCl.sub.2 from the zone in a second stream, removing H.sub.2 O from the zone and removing heat from the zone; feeding the second stream to a second reaction zone, and providing a second fluidized bed of CuCl.sub.2 in the second reaction zone; and supplying O.sub.2 in a third stream to the second zone for reaction with CuCl.sub.2 in the second bed at elevated temperature to produce CuO and Cl.sub.2, removing Cl.sub.2 from the second zone in a fourth stream, and removing CuO from the second bed for re-use as a catalyst to produce CuCl.sub.2.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the production of micaceous iron oxide using metallic iron, for example scrap iron, as a feed stock for the preparation of an iron chloride and the resulting iron chloride is oxidized at an elevated temperature in the presence of a salt of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, preferably sodium chloride. A reaction may be effected in a packed tower reactor comprising a refractory tube 7 containing an inert packing material e.g. aluminosilcate ceramic balls. The reaction charge including packing material, metallic iron and the salt is introduced via hopper 13. A tube 7 is externally heated by electrical resistance elements 10 and chlorine and an oxidizing gas are introduced at inlet 8 and the off-gas removed at outlet 9. The micaceous iron reaction product is obtained as a coating on the inert packing material. Micaceous iron oxide is used as a pigment for the formulation of metal protective paints.

Abstract: A redox battery electrolyte is prepared from a chromium and/or iron base raw material containing nickel as impurities by dissolving the raw material in a hydrochloric acid-containing aqueous liquid to form a solution containing chromium ions and/or iron ions and nickel ions, the resulting solution being subjected to a cathodic reduction in the presence of lead ions until the electric potential thereof becomes lower than -0.6 V vs. saturated calomel electrode, thereby to remove the nickel ions therefrom.

Abstract: Process of using supercritical fluid to selectively separate, purify and recover metal halides.

Abstract: The method of the present invention is a novel comprehensive process for maximizing the recovery of valuable mineral values from coal ash. Options may also be included for the production of saleable inorganic chemical by-products. The process employs both physical and chemical extraction techniques that maximize the yield of products while reducing the quantity of waste produced. Valuable minerals and chemicals such as cenospheres (hollow microspheres), carbon, magnetite (Fe.sub.3 O.sub.4), alumina (Al.sub.2 O.sub.3), iron oxide (Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3) and iron chloride (FeCl.sub.3) may be produced. Due to removal of carbon, magnetite, and iron oxide from the coal ash, the processed ash comprises a quality pozzolan.

Abstract: Ferric chloride is removed from mixtures with chlorinated and/or fluorinated pyridines and methylpyridines by extraction with diol solvents. For example, the ferric chloride in halopyridine mixtures containing 2,3,5,6-tetrachloropyridine was removed by extraction with ethylene glycol. The purified halopyridines are useful intermediates for the production of insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides.

Abstract: Chlorine may be recovered from residues from the fluidized bed chlorination of iron-containing metalliferous oxidic materials, such as ilmenite, bauxite, chromite, wolframite, scheelite, tantalite or columbite, the residues containing condensed iron chloride and blow-over bed solids, by heating the residue to revolatalize the iron chloride and reacting it with oxygen. The quantity of iron chloride in the oxidic material is controlled relative to the quantity of blow-over carbon so that the quantity of carbon is sufficient on combustion to provide the required heat but is insufficient to cause undue dilution of the chlorine produced by virtue of its combustion products. Chlorine of a concentration suitable for direct recycle to a chlorination process, e.g. of 30% to 50% volume concentration is produced.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the production of micaceous iron oxide using metallic iron, for example scrap iron, as a feed stock for the preparation of an iron chloride and the resulting iron chloride is oxidized at an elevated temperature in the presence of a salt of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, preferably sodium chloride. A reaction may be effected in a packed tower reactor comprising a refractory tube 7 containing an inert packing material e.g. aluminosilicate ceramic balls. The reaction charge including packing material, metallic iron and the salt is introduced via hopper 13. A tube 7 is externally heated by electrical resistance elements 10 and chlorine and an oxidizing gas are introduced at inlet 8 and the off-gas removed at outlet 9. The micaceous iron reaction product is obtained as a coating on the inert packing material. Micaceous iron oxide is used as a pigment for the formulation of metal protective paints.

Abstract: Ferric chloride contained in liquid waste streams comprising higher boiling chlorinated hydrocarbons may be substantially reduced by contacting the waste stream with an amount of water sufficient to convert a substantial amount of the ferric chloride in said stream to solid ferric chloride hexahydrate, and then removing the solid hexahydrate from the waste stream for instance by filtration.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for recovering cobalt in a relatively pure form from an impure cobalt bearing material. The process involves digesting the material in hydrochloric acid to form a solution essentially all of the cobalt and some impurities and insoluble material containing the remainder of the impurities, separating the solution from the insolubles, adding an oxalate producing compound in an amount sufficient to subsequently convert essentially all of the cobalt to cobalt oxalate to the solution, adjusting the pH of the oxalate treated solution to from about 1.5 to about 2.0 with a base to precipitate the cobalt, and finally separating the precipitate from the resulting mother liquor.

Abstract: A process is described for reacting chlorinated, nitrogen-containing hydrocarbons with metal oxides so as to convert essentially all of the carbon atoms to oxides of carbon. This process provides an efficient and economically valuable use for chlorinated, nitrogen-containing hydrocarbons.

Abstract: An improvement of the method for preparing cupric ion-free cuprous chloride powder in which copper metal is added to a highly acidified solution of cupric chloride to reduce the cupric ions to cuprous ions and oxidize the copper metal to cuprous ions. The improvement involves applying an electromotive force to the solution by immersing interconnected copper and platinum electrodes in the solution. The electromotive force is applied only after the reduction of cupric ions is near completion. The electromotive force is applied for a sufficient time to insure essentially complete reduction of cupric ions in the solution. Cuprous chloride is then separated from the cupric ion-free solution by evaporation and isolated by conventional techniques to provide an improved cuprous chloride powder product which is essentially free of cupric ions. The electromotive force is also applied during the evaporation of the acidified solution to prevent possible cupric ion formation.

Abstract: A process for the beneficiation of an iron-containing material is carried out by first chlorinating the iron-containing material. Oxidation of ferrous chloride in the effluent gas from the chlorination is carried out under controlled conditions of oxygen supply so that more than 50% but less than 100% of the ferrous chloride is oxidized. In this way chlorine gas is separated from the process stream in a relatively pure form which can be utilized in a continuous process by recycle to another chlorination.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for making the chloride of a metal from the sulfide of said metal in the absence of air and for a metal selected from copper, iron, lead, zinc, silver and gold. The process consists of three broad steps. First, forming an intimate mixture of finely divided sulfides of the metals with finely divided chlorides, the latter being in an anhydrous state. Second, heating the mixture to a temperature at which there is a rapid reaction converting the metal sulfides to chlorides and elemental sulfur in the state of a solid aggregate mixture. Third, recovering the formed metal chlorides from the aggregate mixture by conventional means.

Abstract: A selective chlorination method of a mixture of simple or complex metallic oxides, comprising at least one of the elements to be used, iron, aluminum, titanium and silicon, as well as the impurities accompanying said elements, said method consisting of a grinding, a calcination, a placing in suspension in a bath of melted salts of the mixture of said metallic oxides and of their impurities and of an introduction of chlorinating agents into said bath maintained at a temperature which assures the volatility of at least one of the metallic chlorides formed; characterized by the fact that, in order to selectively extract the metallic chlorides formed from the bath, specific chlorinating mixtures are introduced into this bath by successive steps, said mixtures having increasing chlorinating power, and the introduction is in a number at the most equal to the usuable elements to be chlorinated.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of porous products containing cobalt fluoride CoF.sub.2 or lead fluoride PbF.sub.2, wherein it comprises thermally decomposing lead fluosilicate or cobalt fluosilicate.

Abstract: Cobalt salts are produced by dissolving cobalt metal in hydrochloric acid containing a small amount of thiosulfate ions.

Abstract: An improved process is disclosed for the treatment of molybdenite concentrate to remove impurities, such as copper and lead therefrom. According to this process, ferrous chloride liquor is introduced into a reactor which is made of a material that can withstand leaching with the use of ferric chloride at elevated temperatures and pressures. Sodium or calcium chloride may also be added to the reactor which is then sealed and subjected to chlorination until the rise in temperature, due to the exothermicity of the reaction, produces the desired concentration of the ferric ion to leach the impurities present in the concentrate to a desired level. Upon completion of the chlorination, the molybdenite concentrate is introduced into the reactor and is leached therein. Finally, the resulting pulp is filtered and washed to obtain the desired purified product.

Abstract: Process for clarifying water to coagulate and flocculate particles suspended therein, by introducing into the water an aqueous solution of ferric polychloride having a temperature of at least 85.degree. C.