Oxidizing Catalytically Patents (Class 423/502)
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Publication number: 20100202959Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst and to a process for preparing chlorine by catalytic oxidation of hydrogen chloride. The catalyst comprises an active component and a support material, said active component comprising at least uranium or a uranium compound. The catalyst is notable for a high stability and activity at a lower cost compared to the noble metals.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 1, 2008Publication date: August 12, 2010Applicant: BAYER TECHNOLOGY SERVICES GMBHInventors: Aurel Wolf, Leslaw Mleczko, Stephan Schubert, Oliver Felix Karl Schlüter
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Publication number: 20100196255Abstract: A catalyst has high activity and is suitable for use in producing chlorine by oxidizing hydrogen chloride with oxygen. The catalyst includes copper, an alkali metal and a rare earth and has pores of which pores having a diameter of 5 to 15 nm have a pore volume of 0.4 to 2.0 ml/g.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 22, 2008Publication date: August 5, 2010Inventors: Nobuhiko Horiuchi, Kenichi Sugimoto, Masami Murakami, Kenji Iwata
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Publication number: 20100189633Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing chlorine by catalytic gas phase oxidation of hydrogen chloride with oxygen, by reacting the process gas mixture in a reactor in at least two separate reaction zones under adiabatic conditions over catalyst beds, and by passing the process gas mixture leaving at least one reaction zone subsequently through a heat exchanger connected downstream of the particular reaction zone. It further relates to a reactor system for preparing chlorine by catalytic gas phase oxidation of hydrogen chloride with oxygen by means of the process according to the invention.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 1, 2008Publication date: July 29, 2010Applicant: BAYER TECHNOLOGY SERVICES GMBHInventors: Ralph Schellen, Leslaw Mleczko, Stephan Schubert, Oliver Felix Karl Schlüter, Aurel Wolf
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Publication number: 20100183499Abstract: A catalyst having decreased activity is subjected to a contact treatment with a reducing gas containing carbon monoxide and/or hydrogen. Also, the catalyst can be effectively activated by being treated by contacting with an oxidizing gas after having been treated by contacting with the reducing gas. As the catalyst for production of chlorine, a ruthenium catalyst, particularly a catalyst containing ruthenium oxide is suitably activated.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 18, 2008Publication date: July 22, 2010Applicant: SUMITOMO CHEMICAL COMPANY, LIMITEDInventors: Youhei Uchida, Kohei Seki
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Publication number: 20100183498Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst for oxidation reactions which comprises at least one constituent active in the catalysis of hydrogen chloride oxidation and support therefor, characterized in that the support is based on uranium oxide. The catalyst is notable for a high stability and activity.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 26, 2008Publication date: July 22, 2010Applicant: Bayer Technology Services GmbHInventors: Aurel Wolf, Leslaw Mleczko, Oliver Felix-Karl Schlüter, Stephan Schubert
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Patent number: 7736598Abstract: The invention relates to a reactor and a process for preparing chlorine from hydrogen chloride by gas-phase oxidation by means of oxygen in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst in a fluidized bed, with gas-permeable plates being located in the fluidized bed. The gas-permeable plates are connected in a thermally conductive manner to a heat exchanger located in the fluidized bed.Type: GrantFiled: February 8, 2005Date of Patent: June 15, 2010Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Lothar Seidemann, Olga Schubert, Martin Sesing, Eckhard Stroefer, Martin Fiene, Christian Walsdorff, Klaus Harth
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Patent number: 7731917Abstract: The present invention provides a heat exchange reactor comprising a reaction tube for obtaining a product (B) by exothermic reaction while passing a starting compound (A) therethrough and a reactor shell covering the surrounding of the reaction tube and having its interior divided into a plurality of regions along the passing direction of the starting compound (A), each of which regions is filled with a heat medium for carrying out heat exchange between the inside of the reaction tube and the heat medium independently for the respective separate regions; wherein the reactor is provided with a heater for heating the heat medium charged in the most upstream region among the separate regions independently from the heat media charged in other regions.Type: GrantFiled: May 27, 2005Date of Patent: June 8, 2010Assignee: Sumitomo Chemical Company, LimitedInventor: Yasuhiko Mori
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Patent number: 7713510Abstract: Methods are provided for producing bromine wherein an aqueous solution is formed from at least a bromide source, an oxidant, and a catalyst comprising a Group 1 cation and an oxide of a transition metal.Type: GrantFiled: August 21, 2007Date of Patent: May 11, 2010Assignee: Albemarle CorporationInventors: William B. Harrod, Danielle Kristen Garrett
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Publication number: 20100098616Abstract: Catalyst compositions comprising a support material and a catalytically active material, wherein the support material comprises magnesium fluoride, and wherein the catalytically active material comprises a ruthenium-containing compound; and processes for preparing chlorine by catalytic gas phase oxidation of hydrogen chloride with oxygen, in which the catalyst comprises magnesium fluoride and at least one ruthenium compound.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 16, 2009Publication date: April 22, 2010Applicant: Bayer MaterialScience AGInventors: Aurel Wolf, Leslaw Mleczko, Oliver Felix-Karl Schlüter, Stephan Schubert
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Publication number: 20100092373Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for removing gases comprising carbon monoxide from a crude HCl gas which comprises at least carbon monoxide with or without nitrogen, consisting at least of the process steps of: a) compressing the crude HCl gas to an elevated pressure in a compression stage; b) cooling the compressed crude HCl gas so as to liquefy hydrogen chloride, leaving the gas comprising carbon monoxide; c) removing this gas comprising carbon monoxide from the liquefied hydrogen chloride; d) evaporating the liquid hydrogen chloride and providing it as purified HCl gas for the HCl oxidation process, and to an HCl oxidation process coupled to this process.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 15, 2009Publication date: April 15, 2010Applicant: Bayer MaterialScience AGInventors: Alfred Soppe, Knud Werner
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Publication number: 20100086473Abstract: A process is described for the production of chlorine by a catalysed gas-phase oxidation of hydrogen chloride with an oxygen-containing gas stream.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 14, 2008Publication date: April 8, 2010Applicant: Bayer MaterialScience AGInventors: Ole Brettschneider, Knud Werner, Jun Wang, Carsten Welz, Annette Conrad, Karsten-Ulrich Klatt
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Publication number: 20100068126Abstract: There are disclosed a process for producing a ruthenium oxide-supported material, characterized in that a ruthenium compound is supported on a titania carrier in which silica is supported on titania, and the obtained material is then calcined under an atmosphere of an oxidizing gas; and a process for producing chlorine by oxidizing hydrogen chloride with oxygen in the presence of the ruthenium oxide-supported material produced by the above-described process.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 22, 2007Publication date: March 18, 2010Applicant: Sumitomo Chemical Company, LimitedInventor: Kohei Seki
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Publication number: 20100061921Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the production of hydrogen from the catalytic partial oxidation of a hydrocarbonaceous feedstock (3) with molecular oxygen (4) over a partial oxidation catalyst (6), which process comprises: during a reaction time interval contacting a first mixture of the hydrocarbonaceous feedstock and molecular oxygen with an overall oxygen-to-carbon ratio in the range of from 0.3 to 0.8 with the partial oxidation catalyst to convert the feedstock to a hydrogen-comprising gas and during a regeneration time interval contacting a second mixture of the hydrocarbonaceous feedstock and molecular oxygen with an oxygen-to-carbon ratio in the range of from 1.0 to 10 with the partial oxidation catalyst, in which process the regeneration time interval is in the range of from 2 to 10 seconds and the ratio of the reaction time interval to the regeneration time interval is at most 40.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 31, 2007Publication date: March 11, 2010Inventors: Haroldus Adrianus Johannes Van Dijk, Stephan Montel, Wayne G. Wnuck
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Publication number: 20100015034Abstract: Processes are provided for catalytic oxidation of bromide to bromine by use of oxygen at temperatures of at least about 315° C. in the presence of a cerium-containing compound, such as a cerium bromide catalyst, wherein the produced stream comprising Br2 and H2O is directly cooled with water. The bromide and the oxygen may be heated directly with steam.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 13, 2008Publication date: January 21, 2010Applicant: ALBEMARLE CORPORATIONInventors: Tyson J. Hall, Bonnie Gary Mckinnie
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Publication number: 20100010256Abstract: Processes which include: (a) providing a gas phase comprising hydrogen chloride; (b) oxidizing the hydrogen chloride in a reactor to form a product gas comprising chlorine, unreacted hydrogen chloride and water, the reactor having structural parts with inner surfaces that are contacted during oxidation by one or both of the gas phase and the product gas; (c) cooling the process gas; (d) separating the unreacted hydrogen chloride and water from the product gas; (e) drying the product gas; and (f) separating the chlorine from the product gas; wherein the inner surfaces of the reactor structural parts that are contacted during oxidation by one or both of the gas phase and the product gas are comprised of a nickel material having a nickel content of at least 60 wt. %, are described.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 8, 2009Publication date: January 14, 2010Applicant: Bayer MaterialScience AGInventors: Andreas Bulan, Helmut Diekmann, Gerhard Ruffert, Kaspar Hallenberger
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Publication number: 20090304572Abstract: Process for preparing chlorine from hydrogen chloride, which comprises the steps: a) feeding of a stream a1 comprising hydrogen chloride and of a stream a2 comprising oxygen into an oxidation zone and catalytic oxidation of hydrogen chloride to chlorine, giving a product gas stream a3 comprising chlorine, water, oxygen, carbon dioxide and inert gases; b) contacting of the product gas stream a3 with aqueous hydrochloric acid I in a phase contact apparatus and partial separation of water and of hydrogen chloride from the stream a3, leaving a gas stream b comprising hydrogen chloride, chlorine, water, oxygen, carbon dioxide and possibly inert gases, with at least 5% of the hydrogen chloride comprised in the stream a3 remaining in the gas stream b; c) drying of the gas stream b) to leave a gas stream c which is substantially free of water and comprises hydrogen chloride, chlorine, oxygen, carbon dioxide and possibly inert gases; d) partial liquefaction of the gas stream c by compression and cooling, giving an atType: ApplicationFiled: January 26, 2007Publication date: December 10, 2009Applicant: BASF SEInventors: Martin Sesing, Knud Jacobsen, Klaus-Dieter Reinhardt, Hans-Juergen Pallasch, Peter Van Den Abeel, Heiner Schelling
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Publication number: 20090304573Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing chlorine by the catalytic gas phase oxidation of hydrogen chloride with oxygen, wherein the reaction is performed on at least two catalyst beds under adiabatic conditions, as well as a reactor system for performing the process.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 8, 2009Publication date: December 10, 2009Applicant: Bayer MaterialScience AGInventors: Aurel Wolf, Leslaw Mleczko, Stephan Schubert, Oliver Felix-Karl Schlüter
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Publication number: 20090274612Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing supported ruthenium oxide comprising a step of supporting a ruthenium compound on a carrier and then calcining it in an oxygen-containing gas atmosphere, wherein the ruthenium compound has a total of each content of sodium, calcium, magnesium, iron, silicon, aluminum, copper and zinc of 500 weight ppm or less based on the amount of ruthenium.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 7, 2006Publication date: November 5, 2009Applicant: Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited.Inventor: Kohei Seki
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Publication number: 20090269270Abstract: A process for preparing chlorine in a fluidized-bed reactor, in which a gaseous reaction mixture comprising hydrogen chloride and oxygen flows from the bottom upward through a heterogeneous particulate catalyst forming a fluidized bed, wherein the fluidized bed is provided with internals which divide the fluidized bed into a plurality of cells arranged horizontally in the fluidized-bed reactor and a plurality of cells arranged vertically in the fluidized-bed reactor, with the cells having cell walls which are permeable to gas and have openings which ensure an exchange number of the heterogeneous, particulate catalyst in the vertical direction in the range from 1 to 100 liters/hour per liter of reactor volume, is proposed.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 19, 2007Publication date: October 29, 2009Applicant: BASF SEInventors: Lothar Seidemann, Martin Karches, Dieter Stuetzer, Martin Sesing, Olga Schubert, Heiko Urtel
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Publication number: 20090068087Abstract: Provided is a hydrogen chloride oxidation reaction apparatus for producing chlorine by oxidizing hydrogen chloride through a contact gas phase reaction in the presence of a catalyst by using hydrogen chloride and oxygen as major raw materials, wherein the hydrogen chloride oxidation reaction apparatus includes a mixing portion for mixing the raw material gases and a transfer piping portion for transferring the mixed raw material gases from the mixing portion to a reactor for a contact gas phase reaction, and wherein a gas contact surface of the mixing portion and/or a part of a gas contact surface of the transfer piping is made of or covered with tantalum or a tantalum-tungsten alloy, as well as a hydrogen chloride oxidation reaction method using the same.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 16, 2007Publication date: March 12, 2009Applicant: SUMITOMO CHEMICAL COMPANY, LIMITEDInventors: Kazuya Koshino, Yasuhiko Mori, Norihito Omoto
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Publication number: 20090028780Abstract: The present invention relates to a process and an apparatus for preparing chlorine by gas-phase oxidation of hydrogen chloride by means of an oxygen-containing gas stream, wherein the catalyst required for the reaction is applied to the interior wall of one or more externally cooled reaction channels.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 2, 2007Publication date: January 29, 2009Applicant: BAYER TECHNOLOGY SERVICES GMBHInventors: Stephan Schubert, Ralph Schellen, Leslaw Mleczko
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Publication number: 20080299032Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing supported ruthenium, which comprises recovering a ruthenium compound from supported ruthenium used as a catalyst in production of chlorine by oxidation of hydrogen chloride with oxygen, and supporting the ruthenium compound on a carrier; and a process for producing chlorine, which comprises producing a supported ruthenium catalyst by the process mentioned above and oxidizing hydrogen chloride with oxygen in the presence of the supported ruthenium.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 30, 2006Publication date: December 4, 2008Inventor: Kohei Seki
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Publication number: 20080269515Abstract: Chlorine is prepared by catalytic oxidation of a hydrogen chloride stream having a content of sulfur in elemental or bonded form of less than 100 ppm, preferably less than 50 ppm, more preferably less than 5 ppm, most preferably less than 1 ppm, based on the weight of the hydrogen chloride stream.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 24, 2008Publication date: October 30, 2008Inventors: Michel Haas, Rainer Bruns, Tim Loddenkemper
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Publication number: 20080267857Abstract: Oxidation catalysts comprising one or more ruthenium compounds and one or more promoters selected from the group consisting of zirconium halides, alkali metal halides, alkaline earth metal halides and lanthanum compounds, wherein the molar ratio of promoter to ruthenium is in the range of from 1:100 to 1:1; as well as processes for their preparation and use.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 23, 2008Publication date: October 30, 2008Applicant: Bayer MaterialScience AGInventors: Oliver Felix-Karl Schlueter, Leslaw Mleczko, Aurel Wolf, Stephan Schubert
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Publication number: 20080260619Abstract: A process for carrying out an optionally catalyst-assisted hydrogen chloride oxidation process by means of oxygen is described. The process comprises single- or multi-stage cooling of the process gases and separating off of unreacted hydrogen chloride and water of reaction from the process gas, drying of the product gases, separating off of chlorine from the mixture and recycling of the unreacted oxygen into the hydrogen chloride oxidation process, at least some of the heat content of the product gases being used for recovery of heat and at least some of the coldest gas streams being used for cooling in the process.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 17, 2008Publication date: October 23, 2008Applicant: Bayer MaterialScience AGInventors: Knud Werner, Lutz Gottschalk, Meik Bernhard Franke
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Publication number: 20080247941Abstract: A catalyst for gas-phase reactions which has high mechanical stability and comprises one or more active metals on a support comprising aluminum oxide as support material, wherein the aluminum oxide in the support consists essentially of alpha-aluminum oxide. Ruthenium, copper and/or gold are preferred as active metal. Particularly preferred catalysts according to invention comprise a) from 0.001 to 10% by weight of ruthenium, copper and/or gold, b) from 0 to 5% by weight of one or more alkaline earth metals, c) from 0 to 5% by weight of one or more alkali metals, d) from 0 to 10% by weight of one or more rare earth metals, e) from 0 to 10% by weight of one or more further metals selected from the group consisting of palladium, platinum, osmium, iridium, silver and rhenium, in each case based on the total weight of the catalyst, on the support comprising alpha-Al2O3. The catalysts are preferably used in the oxidation of hydrogen chloride (Deacon reaction).Type: ApplicationFiled: August 22, 2006Publication date: October 9, 2008Applicant: BASF SEInventors: Olga Schubert, Martin Sesing, Lothar Seidemann, Martin Karches, Thomas Grassler, Martin Sohn
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Publication number: 20080233043Abstract: A process for preparing chlorine by gas-phase oxidation of hydrogen chloride by means of a gas stream comprising molecular oxygen in the presence of a fixed-bed catalyst, wherein the process is carried out in a reactor (1) having heat-exchange plates (2) which are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the reactor (1) and have a spacing between them and through which a heat transfer medium flows, inlet and outlet facilities (3, 4) for the heat transfer medium to the heat-exchange plates (2) and also gaps (5) between the heat-exchange plates (2) in which the fixed-bed catalyst is present and into which the hydrogen chloride and the gas stream comprising molecular oxygen are passed, is described.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 23, 2004Publication date: September 25, 2008Applicant: BASF AkiengesellschaftInventors: Gerhard Olbert, Olga Schubert, Martin Sesing, Eckhard Stroefer, Martin Fiene
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Publication number: 20080159948Abstract: Process for preparing chlorine from hydrogen chloride, which comprises the steps: a) feeding of a stream a1 comprising hydrogen chloride and of a stream a2 comprising oxygen into an oxidation zone and catalytic oxidation of hydrogen chloride to chlorine, giving a product gas stream a3 comprising chlorine, water, oxygen, carbon dioxide and inert gases; b) cooling of the product gas stream a3 and removal of water and hydrogen chloride as aqueous hydrochloric acid, leaving a gas stream b comprising chlorine, water, oxygen, carbon dioxide and inert gases; c) optional drying of the gas stream b) to leave a gas stream c which is substantially free of water and comprises chlorine, oxygen, carbon dioxide and inert gases; d) at least partial liquefaction of the gas stream c and of a chlorine-rich recycle stream f1 comprising chlorine, oxygen and carbon dioxide by compression and cooling, giving an at least partially liquefied stream d; e) gas/liquid separation of the stream d into a gas stream e1 comprising chlorine,Type: ApplicationFiled: February 20, 2006Publication date: July 3, 2008Applicant: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Martin Sesing, Armin Diefenbacher, Hartwig Voss, Olga Schubert, Lothar Seidemann, Martin Karches, Thomas Grassler, Eckhard Stroefer
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Publication number: 20080085235Abstract: Methods are provided for producing bromine wherein an aqueous solution is formed from at least a bromide source, an oxidant, and a catalyst comprising a Group 1 cation and an oxide of a transition metalType: ApplicationFiled: August 21, 2007Publication date: April 10, 2008Applicant: ALBEMARLE CORPORATIONInventors: William B. Harrod, Danielle Kristen Garrett
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Publication number: 20070274900Abstract: Processes comprising: (a) providing an initial gas mixture comprising chlorine, water, hydrogen chloride and oxygen; (b) cooling the initial gas mixture to form condensed hydrochloric acid and an intermediate chlorine-containing gas mixture; (c) contacting the intermediate gas mixture with a water-containing phase under a set of conditions selected from a pressure, a temperature and combinations thereof to form a chlorine hydrate-containing phase and a remaining gas mixture; (d) separating the chlorine hydrate-containing phase from the remaining gas mixture; (e) subjecting the chlorine hydrate-containing phase to a set of conditions selected from heat, pressure relief and combinations thereof to release chlorine and form a residual chlorine hydrate/water-containing phase; and (f) separating the released chlorine from the residual chlorine hydrate/water-containing phase.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 23, 2007Publication date: November 29, 2007Applicant: Bayer Material Science AGInventors: Andreas Bulan, Rainer Weber, Jesko Zank, Axel Eble, Knud Werner
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Patent number: 6977066Abstract: A process for producing chlorine comprising the step of oxidizing hydrogen chloride in a gas containing hydrogen chloride with a gas containing oxygen in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the oxidation of hydrogen chloride is carried out in at least two reaction zones each comprising a catalyst-packed layer, which are arranged in series, and a temperature in at least one of said reaction zones is controlled with a heat exchange system. According to this process, the stable activity of the catalyst is maintained and chlorine can be stably obtained at a high yield since the excessive hot spot in the catalyst-packed layer is suppressed and the catalyst-packed layer can be effectively used.Type: GrantFiled: January 19, 2000Date of Patent: December 20, 2005Assignee: Sumitomo Chemical Company, LimitedInventors: Kiyoshi Iwanaga, Tetsuya Suzuta, Yasuhiko Mori, Masayuki Yoshii
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Patent number: 6962682Abstract: A process for preparing chlorine by catalytic gas-phase oxidation of hydrogen chloride over a fixed catalyst bed is disclosed that includes: making available a feed gas stream I with hydrogen chloride and an oxygen-containing feed gas stream II, feeding the feed gas stream I, the feed gas stream II, and, if desired, a recycled stream Ia with hydrogen chloride, an oxygen-containing recycle stream IIa, and a recycled stream III into an oxidation zone and oxidizing hydrogen chloride to chlorine in the presence of a catalyst present in a fixed bed to give product gas stream IV having chlorine, unreacted oxygen, unreacted hydrogen chloride and water vapor, and taking the recycled stream III from the product gas stream IV, without further treatment, and recirculating it to the oxidation zone, leaving a product gas stream IVa.Type: GrantFiled: November 20, 2002Date of Patent: November 8, 2005Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Christian Walsdorff, Martin Fiene, Christoph Adami, Eckhard Ströfer, Klaus Harth
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Patent number: 6933417Abstract: A process for producing vinyl chloride monomer from ethylene and ethane having input of significant quantities of both ethane and ethylene in input streams to the affiliated reactor where hydrogen chloride in the reactor effluent is only partially recovered from the reactor effluent in the first unit operation after the ethane/ethylene-to-vinyl reaction step or stage. Steps are presented of oxydehydro-chlorination catalytic reaction of ethane, ethylene, hydrogen chloride, oxygen, and chlorine; cooling and condensing the reactor effluent stream; and separating the condensed raw product stream into vinyl chloride monomer and a reactor recycle stream.Type: GrantFiled: October 6, 2000Date of Patent: August 23, 2005Assignee: Dow Global Technologies Inc.Inventors: John P. Henley, Mark E. Jones, Daniel A. Hickman, Kenric A. Marshall, Daniel J. Reed, William D. Clarke, Michael M. Olken, Lee E. Walko
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Patent number: 6852667Abstract: A process for producing chlorine by oxidizing hydrogen chloride with oxygen. The process uses various supported ruthenium catalysts or a catalyst system containing (A) an active component of a catalyst and (B) a compound having thermal conductivity of a solid phase measured by at least one point within a range from 200 to 500° C. of not less than 4 W/m. ° C.Type: GrantFiled: February 12, 1999Date of Patent: February 8, 2005Assignee: Sumitomo Chemical Company LimitedInventors: Takuo Hibi, Hiroaki Abekawa, Kohei Seki, Tatsuya Suzuki, Tetsuya Suzuta, Kiyoshi Iwanaga, Takahiro Oizumi
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Patent number: 6827856Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for recovering copper from solutions from the recovery of iodine from industrial wastes from the production of ionic and non-ionic iodinated X-ray contrast agents by use of chelating resins suitable for removing copper from aqueous solutions. The absorbed copper is displaced by treating the resins with a 10% hydrochloric or sulfuric acid solution.Type: GrantFiled: July 9, 2002Date of Patent: December 7, 2004Assignee: Bracco Imaging S.p.A.Inventors: Nicola Desantis, Salvatore Incandela
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Patent number: 6803474Abstract: Highly reactive, stable tetramanganese-oxo cubane complexes, their synthesis and their use as a functional catalyst for in vitro O2 production. Preferred complexes are i) a tetramanganese-oxo cubane complex having the formula L6Mn4O4, wherein Mn4O4, is a cubane core and L6 are six facially-capping bidentate ligands bridging between the Mn atoms; ii) a manganese-oxo-pyramid complex having the formula L6Mn4O3, wherein Mn4O3, is a pyramidal core and L6 are six bidentate ligands bridging between the Mn atoms; and iii) a manganese-oxo-butterfly complex having the formula L6Mn4O2 or L5Mn4O2, wherein Mn4O2, is a butterfly core and L6 or L5 are six or five bidentate ligands bridging between the Mn atoms. Preferred ligands are carboxylate, phosphinate or diphenylphosphinate ligands. These catalysts may be used for the oxidation of water to oxygen and hydrogen peroxide and may also be used to catalyze the oxidation of chloride and simple chloride compounds to chlorine gas.Type: GrantFiled: November 13, 2001Date of Patent: October 12, 2004Assignee: The Trustees of Princeton UniversityInventors: Gerard C. Dismukes, Wolfgang F. Ruettinger
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Patent number: 6770255Abstract: The specification discloses a process for recovering chlorine from a chlorinator waste. The process involves treating the chlorinator waste with oxygen in a fluidised bed under conditions which promote the conversion of metal chlorides to metal oxides and discourage the oxidation of carbon contained in the waste. Suitable conditions include a bed temperature in a range from 400 to 700° C., a superficial velocity in a range from 0.2 to 1 metre/second and stoichiometric ratio, R, in a range from 0.2 to 1.2.Type: GrantFiled: February 23, 2001Date of Patent: August 3, 2004Assignee: The Commonwealth of Australia Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research OrganizationInventors: Viruthiamparambath Rajakumar, Damien Bowyer O'Connell Harding
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Publication number: 20040115118Abstract: A process for preparing chlorine by gas-phase oxidation of hydrogen chloride by means of a gas stream comprising molecular oxygen in the presence of a fixed-bed catalyst, which is carried out in a reactor (1) having a bundle of parallel catalyst tubes (2) which are aligned in the longitudinal direction of the reactor and are fixed at their ends into tube plates (3), with a cap (4) at each end of the reactor (1) and with one or more deflection plates (6) which are arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the reactor in the intermediate space (5) between the catalyst tubes (2) and leave passages (7) located alternately on opposite sides of the reactor free next to the interior wall of the reactor (1), with the catalyst tubes (2) being charged with the fixed-bed catalyst, the hydrogen chloride and the gas stream comprising molecular oxygen being passed from one end of the reactor via a cap (4) through the catalyst tubes (2) and the gaseous reaction mixture being taken off from the opposite end ofType: ApplicationFiled: December 20, 2002Publication date: June 17, 2004Applicant: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Gerhard Olbert, Christian Walsdorff, Klaus Harth, Eckhard Strofer, Martin Fiene
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Publication number: 20040115119Abstract: A process for preparing chlorine by gas-phase oxidation of hydrogen chloride by means of a gas stream comprising molecular oxygen in the presence of a fixed-bed catalyst, which is carried out in a reactor (1) having a bundle of parallel catalyst tubes (2) which are aligned in the longitudinal direction of the reactor and are fixed at their ends into tube plates (3), with a cap (4) at each end of the reactor (1) and with one or more annular deflection plates (6) which are arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the reactor in the intermediate space (5) between the catalyst tubes (2) and leave circular passages (8) free in the middle of the reactor and one or more disk-shaped deflection plates (7) which leave annular passages (9) free at the edge of the reactor, with an alternating arrangement of annular deflection plates (6) and disk-shaped deflection plates (7) with the catalyst tubes (2) being charged with the fixed-bed catalyst, the hydrogen chloride and the gas stream comprising molecular oType: ApplicationFiled: December 20, 2002Publication date: June 17, 2004Applicant: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Gerhard Olbert, Christian Walsdorff, Klaus Harth, Eckhard Strofer, Martin Fiene
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Patent number: 6713035Abstract: A process for producing chlorine comprising the step of oxidizing hydrogen chloride in a gas containing hydrogen chloride with a gas containing oxygen in a fixed bed reaction system having a reaction zone comprising a catalyst-packed layer, wherein a superficial linear velocity of the gas in a column is from 0.70 to 10 m/sec. According to this process, the stable activity of the catalyst is maintained and chlorine can be stably obtained at a high yield since the excessive hot spot in the catalyst-packed layer is suppressed and the catalyst-packed layer can be effectively used.Type: GrantFiled: July 20, 2001Date of Patent: March 30, 2004Assignee: Sumitomo Chemical Company, LimitedInventors: Kiyoshi Iwanaga, Masayuki Yoshii, Tetsuya Suzuta
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Publication number: 20040052718Abstract: Process for preparing chlorine by catalytic gas-phase oxidation of hydrogen chloride over a fixed catalyst bed, which comprises the steps:Type: ApplicationFiled: November 20, 2002Publication date: March 18, 2004Applicant: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Christian Walsdorff, Martin Fiene, Christoph Adami, Eckhard Strofer, Klaus Harth
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Patent number: 6602419Abstract: A process for the recovery of iodine from mother liquors or wastes containing iodinated organic compounds, by mineralisation of organic iodine and subsequent transformation of the formed iodide into elementary iodine, characterized in that the aqueous solution is concentrated to a suitable volume before the mineralisation step, under atmospheric pressure and at the boiling temperature, and said solution is purified by nanofiltration.Type: GrantFiled: July 17, 2001Date of Patent: August 5, 2003Assignee: Bracco Imagining S.p.A.Inventors: Nicola Desantis, Ilaria Peretto, Salvatore Incandela, Carlo Felice Viscardi
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Publication number: 20020172640Abstract: A process for producing chlorine by oxidizing hydrogen chloride with oxygen in the presence of a supported ruthenium oxide catalyst or a ruthenium mixed oxide catalyst. The content of ruthenium oxide is from 0.1 to 20% by weight and the ruthenium oxide has a mean particle diameter of from 1.0 to 10.0 nm.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 18, 2002Publication date: November 21, 2002Applicant: SUMITOMO CHEMICAL COMPANY, LIMITEDInventors: Takuo Hibi, Yoshiaki Ito, Hiroaki Abekawa, Masaru Ishino, Toshio Nakayama
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Patent number: 6387345Abstract: In the process for working up the reaction gas consisting of chlorine, hydrogen chloride, oxygen and water vapour produced in a chlorine reactor, the reaction gas leaving the reactor 1 is first cooled until the water of reaction and hydrogen chloride condense in the form of concentrated hydrochloric acid. The concentrated hydrochloric acid is then separated from the reaction gas in a phase separation column 3 and discharged. The remaining reaction gas, from which the substantial proportion of the water and a proportion of the hydrogen chloride has been removed, is then post-dried in a drying tower 6. The post-dried reaction gas consisting of chlorine, oxygen and hydrogen chloride is then compressed to 1 to 30 bar by a compressor 7. In the subsequent stage, the compressed reaction gas is passed through a cooled chlorine recuperator 8, wherein the chlorine is very largely liquefied.Type: GrantFiled: September 17, 1996Date of Patent: May 14, 2002Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Fritz Gestermann, Jürgen Schneider, Hans-Ulrich Dummersdorf, Helmut Härle, Franz-Rudolf Minz, Helmut Waldmann
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Publication number: 20020028173Abstract: The present invention is to provide a process for producing chlorine by oxidizing hydrogen chloride with oxygen, wherein said process uses one catalyst selected from the following catalysts (1) to (9):Type: ApplicationFiled: February 12, 1999Publication date: March 7, 2002Inventors: TAKUO HIBI, HIROAKI ABEKAWA, KOHEI SEKI, TATSUYA SUZUKI, TETSUYA SUZUTA, KIYOSHI IWANAGA, TAKAHIRO OIZUMI
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Patent number: 6197275Abstract: The active phase of a catalyst composition contains at least one bismuth oxide compound in which bismuth is present at least partly in oxidation state +5, the bismuth oxide compound furthermore containing at least one basic metal component stabilizing the oxidation state +5, and said catalyst composition is used in oxidation and dehydrogenation reactions under heterogeneous catalysis, in particular the preparation of chlorine from hydrogen chloride.Type: GrantFiled: August 14, 1997Date of Patent: March 6, 2001Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Alfred Hagemeyer, Andreas Püttner, Martin Trömel
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Patent number: 6071488Abstract: A process for producing chlorine comprises the steps of oxidizing hydrogen chloride in the presence of a catalyst in an oxidation reactor, passing the product gas together with the catalyst removed from the oxidation reactor to a high velocity transporter at a temperature between 150-250.degree. C. to remove the residual HCl from the product gas, removing the catalyst from the product and recycling the removed catatalyst back to the oxidation reactor.Type: GrantFiled: August 31, 1998Date of Patent: June 6, 2000Assignee: Medalert, Inc.Inventor: Ronald G. Minet
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Patent number: 5961942Abstract: Process for removing organic constituents from a high pressure exhaust gas stream in a bromine assisted air oxidation process in which the exhaust gas contains methyl bromide.Type: GrantFiled: December 5, 1997Date of Patent: October 5, 1999Assignee: E. I. du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: John Arthur Turner, Ian Charles Jeffery
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Patent number: 5908607Abstract: A process for producing chlorine by oxidizing hydrogen chloride with oxygen, which comprises using at least one catalyst selected from the group consisting of a supported ruthenium chloride catalyst, a catalyst obtained by supporting at least one ruthenium compound, a ruthenium oxide catalyst obtained by oxidizing a catalyst which is prepared by supporting at least one ruthenium compound, and a catalyst obtained by calcining ruthenium chloride supported on a carrier at the temperature of not less than 280.degree. C.Type: GrantFiled: August 8, 1997Date of Patent: June 1, 1999Assignee: Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.Inventors: Hiroaki Abekawa, Yoshiaki Ito, Takuo Hibi
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Patent number: 5871707Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing chlorine by oxidation of hydrogen chloride with oxygen which process comprises using a ruthenium catalyst.Type: GrantFiled: May 17, 1996Date of Patent: February 16, 1999Assignee: Sumitomo Chemical Company, LimitedInventors: Takuo Hibi, Hiroshi Nishida, Hiroaki Abekawa