Abstract: Nanoscale, pyrogenically produced oxides and/or mixed oxides having a BET surface area of between 1 and 600 m2/g and a chloride content of less than 0.05 wt. % are produced by converting organometallic and/or organometalloid substances into the oxides at temperatures of above 200° C.

Abstract: A titanium dioxide photocatalyst having a monoclinic crystal structure is prepared by subjecting a titanium dioxide hydrate fiber to a heat treatment at a temperature of 80 to 350° C., and then further heat treatment at a temperature of 360 to 650° C., and a multifunctional material is obtained by use of the photocatalyst.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an inexpensive and safe titanium dioxide powder having an excellent photocatalytic ability and a high purity of anatase phase crystalline structure by utilizing meta-titanic acid as a starting material is disclosed. Meta-titanic acid is first neutralized by a basic solution, followed by adding a metal oxide. Then, the meta-titanic acid is spray dried using hot air to obtain spherical shape granules. The granules are then sintered to obtain the resulting titanium dioxide powder having small sized porous second particles and a high specific surface area. As a result, an economical and highly effective photocatalytic titanium dioxide powder can be obtained.

Abstract: The invention relates to preparations of monodisperse spherical oxide particles in the form of free-flowing powders of agglomerates in which the particles are bonded to one another by a binder. With these preparations, the oxide particles can be homogeneously dispersed in polymer systems with particular ease.

Abstract: A barium titanate powder has an average particle size ranging from 0.1-1.0 &mgr;m, a CV value (standard deviation of the particle size/the average particle size) of the particle size distribution being 40% or less, and a zeta-potential ranging from −30 to −60 mV measured by a laser Doppler method using electrophoresis at pH 6.4. The barium titanate powder is presintered at a temperature ranging from 900 to 1200° C. The barium titanate powder has superior dispersion characteristics in slurrying, and is capable of partly inhibiting agglomeration of the barium titanate after sintering. It is therefore suitable as materials for dielectric layers of multilayer ceramic capacitors. In particular, the barium titanate has a sintered density of 95% or more of the theoretical density thereof, and the dielectric constant is 4000 or more.

Abstract: A film containing TiO2 and SiO2. It is formed by depositing TiO2 and SiO2 onto a substrate by sputtering method, or depositing their vapors thereon. The film is heat treated at a temperature of 200-1200° C. to form a film of anatase type TiO2 containing SiO2.

Abstract: The present invention provides homogeneously surface-fluorinated metal oxide particulates, characterized in that a metal oxide particulate such as Ti, Al, Si, Ag, Cu, Fe, Zr, Ce, Mn, Sn, Ge and Ta is surface reacted with fluorine gas while allowing the metal oxide particulate to flow, and also provides a process for manufacturing the metal oxide particulates. The homogeneously surface-fluorinated metal oxide particulates according to the present invention are useful as an additive for a weatherproof coating material, a weatherproof resin or a cosmetic material. Furthermore, according to the process of the present invention, the surface of a metal oxide particulate can be homogeneously fluorinated at any ratio in a very simple and efficient manner.

Abstract: A method of preparing a solution for titanium oxide film is provided such that said solution has the effect of a photocatalyst, by coating, or impregnating therewith a variety of substrates being positioned in a place where no ultraviolet light is emitted. Utilizing a solution for titania film provided by a mixture of a titanium peroxide solution made from a compound of a titanium hydrate gel and a peroxide solution, and a solution forming titanium peroxide particles by calcining said titanium peroxide solution at a temperature over 80° C., particles of capsicin, magnetite and tourmaline, as well as a silica solution are each compounded to said solution for titania film, such that an improved solution for titania film can be obtained having the photocatalystic effect without any exterior light source.

Abstract: Cosmetics comprising silica-coated metal oxide powder having a thickness of the silica coating of 0.1 to 100 nm, and a photocatalytic activity as measured by tetralin auto-oxidation method of 6 mmH2O/min or less. Silica-coated metal oxide powder coated with a silica coating having an absorption peak intensity ratio I (I=I1/I2, wherein I1 is an absorption peak intensity at 1,150 to 1,250 cm−1 and I2 is an absorption peak intensity at 1,000 to 1,100 cm−1) between the infrared absorption spectra in the region of 1,150 to 1,250 cm−1 and the region of 1,000 to 1,100 cm−1 of 0.2 or more, and having a refractive index of 1.435 or more.

Abstract: A carbon-coated titania powder containing titanium nitride in which at least part of the surface of the titania powder containing titanium nitride is coated with carbon.

Abstract: Macroporous ceramics were produced using the droplets of an emulsion as the templates around which the ceramic is deposited through a sol-gel process. Subsequent aging, drying and calcination yields a ceramic with pores in the range of 0.1 to several micrometers which have been left behind by the droplets. The unique deformability of the droplets prevents cracking and pulverization during processing and allows one to obtain porosities in excess of 74%. By starting with a monodisperse emulsion (produced through a repeated fractionation procedure) pores with a uniform and controllable size have been obtained. Self-assembly of these droplets into a colloidal crystal leads to ceramics which contain ordered arrays of pores. A wide range of porosities is obtainable with the advantages of low-temperature sol-gel processing, with a high degree of control and low cost.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a photochromic titanium oxide, by heat-treating a hydrolysed mixture of titanium chloride and a metal precursor; the titanium oxide photochromic compounds obtained; and compositions comprising the compounds.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of nanoparticles of metal oxides containing inserted metal particles and to metal-intercalated and/or metal-encaged “inorganic fullerene-like” (hereinafter IF) structures of metal chalcogenides obtained therefrom is provided, which comprises heating a metal I material with water vapor or electron beam evaporation of said metal I material with water or another suitable solvent, in the presence of a metal II salt, and recovering the metal II-doped metal I oxide, or proceeding to subsequent sulfidization, yielding bulk quantities of metal II-intercalated or metal II-encaged IF structures of the metal I chalcogenide. The metal II salt is preferably an alkaline, alkaline earth or transition metal salt, most preferably an alkali chloride. The intercalated and/or encaged IF structures are usable as lubricants. They also form stable suspensions, e.g.

Abstract: A new, cost effective process for the production of ultrafine particles which is based on mechanically activated chemical reaction of a metal compound with a suitable reagent. The process involves subjecting a mixture of a metal compound and a suitable reagent to mechanical activation to increase the chemical reactivity of the reactants and/or reaction kinetics such that a chemical reaction can occur which produces a solid nano-phase substance. Concomitantly, a by-product phase is also formed. This by-product phase is removed so that the solid nano-phase substance is left behind in the form of ultrafine particles. During mechanical activation a composite structure is formed which consists of an intimate mixture of nano-sized grains of the nano-phase substance and the reaction by-product phase.

Abstract: Titanium oxide and a thermoplastic resin composition incorporated therewith, said titanium oxide being characterized by its property that it disperses into ethylene glycol (as a dispersing medium) to give a 13 wt % suspension which has a specific resistance higher than 7000 .OMEGA..multidot.cm and passes through a filter paper with a pore size of 6 .mu.m such that the filtration pressure does not exceed 100 kPa after filtration for 4 minutes at a flow rate of 1.73 cm.sup.3 /min.multidot.cm.sup.2.

Abstract: A novel process for the preparation of ultra-fine powders of metal oxide wherein a surfactant is added to the solution for the preparation of the metal oxide to provide nanometer metal oxide powders without the utilization of vacuum or high pressure conditions is disclosed.

Abstract: To hydrous titanium dioxide obtained by hydrolysis of titanium sulfate was added a predetermined amount of a water-soluble aluminum compound and/or a water-soluble zinc compound, the mixture is calcined, and a suitable amount of aluminum and/or zinc is introduced into the crystals to make up the crystal defects of anatase-type titanium dioxide, so that it has increased stability and excellent color stability.

Abstract: The invention relates to a photocatalytic body having a good photocatalytic function characterized by using an amorphous titanium peroxide sol, and a method for making the same. A photocatalyst such as titanium oxide in the form of powder or a sol and an amorphous titanium peroxide sol are mixed in different mixing rations depending on the purpose in use and the resultant mixture is coated onto a substrate such as an organic polymer resin, dried-solidifed and/or baked to support and fixed the photocatalyst on the substrate to make a photocatalytic body. Alternatively, a first layer consisting of an amorphous titanium peroxide sol on a substrate, and a second layer made of a photocatalyst is formed on the first layer to make a photocatalytic body. According to the invention, the photocatalyst can be supported and fixed on the substrate without lowering the photocatalytic function of the photocatalyst to obtain a photocatalytic body which is usable over a long time.

Abstract: Dendrite or asteroidal titanium dioxide micro-particles having a length of 0.2 to 0.5 .mu.m, a thickness of 0.05 to 0.1 .mu.m, and a specific surface area of 20 to 130 m.sup.2 /gram, are produced by treating hydrated titanium oxide particles with an alkali, mixing instantaneously the resulting reaction product with an amount of hydrochloric acid in a ratio of 1 to 4 mols of hydrochloric acid to one mol of the titanium oxide in the reaction product to effect a reaction, then aging under heat at 85.degree. C. or higher, and then drying or, if necessary, firing after the drying, and subsequently may be coated with at least one from oxides and hydrated oxides of elements selected from aluminum, silicon, titanium, zirconium, tin and antimony to improve the dispersibility and resistance to light of the particles, or may be coated with tin oxide containing antimony or indium oxide containing tin to make the particles electroconductive.

Abstract: A titanyl sulfate solution or a titanium tetrachloride solution is neutralized with an alkali to form orthotitanic acid, to which hydrochloric acid is added such as to adjust the TiO.sub.2 concentration to 80-140 g/L and the HCl concentration to 90-150 g/L and a synthesis reaction is performed at a temperature of 25-60.degree. C. to produce titanium oxide particles in which needles aggregate and/or bind together to yield fan-shaped particles.

Abstract: Pelletized adsorbent compositions and methods of adsorbing toxic target compounds are provided for the destructive adsorption or chemisorption of toxic or undesired compounds. The pelletized adsorbents are formed by pressing together powder nanocrystalline particles comprising a metal hydroxide or a metal oxide at pressures of from about 50 psi to about 6000 psi to form discrete self-sustaining bodies. The pelletized bodies should retain at least about 25% of the surface area/unit mass and total pore volume of the starting metal particles.

Abstract: A continuous fiber of titania are made having an average diameter per a monofilament of from 5 to 50 .mu.m, which has a BET specific surface area of 10 m.sup.2 /g or more, a pore volume of 0.05 cc/g or more, a volume of pores having a pore diameter of not less than 10 angstroms being 0.02 cc/g or more and an average tensile strength per a monofilament of 0.1 GPa or more, or which has an average tensile strength per a monofilament of 0.5 GPa or more.

Abstract: Titanium dioxide pigments are obtainable by complete hydrolysis of a hydrolyzable titanium compound at from 0 to 100.degree. C. with intensive stirring and with setting of a pH in the range from 3 to 8 and maintenance of this pH within a range of 0.3 units.The titanium dioxide pigments can be employed for the production of cosmetic preparations and medicaments.

Abstract: Improved photovoltaic cells utilizing for a semiconductor layer, titanium dioxide powders, consisting of porous particles, ranging in size from 0.1 to 10 microns (10.sup.-6 meters), and possess relatively high bulk density combined with high surface area.

Abstract: A for producing metal oxide and/or organo-metal oxide compositions from metal oxide and organo-metal oxide precursors utilizing a rate modifying drying agent. The process allows metal oxide and/or organo-metal oxide compositions to be produced from a wide variety of metal oxide and organo-metal oxide precursors including metal halides and organometallic halides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a titanium oxide thin film, said process comprises soaking a substrate in an aqueous solution containing 10.sup.-9 to 9.times.10.sup.-2 mol/L of a titanium fluoro complex compound in the presence of a fluoride ion capturing agent to form a titanium oxide thin film on the surface of the substrate; and a photocatalyst comprising the titanium oxide thin film thus produced; and can provide a simple process for the formation of a highly homogeneous titanium oxide thin film which is fast and corrosion resistant, and has a high refractive index and a catalytic activity for the photoreaction.

Abstract: A process for producing acrylic acid from propane and oxygen gas through a vapor-phase catalytic oxidation reaction, said process comprising conducting the reaction using as a catalyst a metal oxide containing metallic elements Mo, V, Sb, and A (provided that A is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Nb, Ta, Sn, W, Ti, Ni, Fe, Cr, and Co). The metal oxide is prepared by a process including specific steps (1) and (2). The metal oxide may be supported on a compound containing specific elements.

Abstract: A non-polluting liquid-phase process and a supporting system of apparatus for producing titanium dioxide from titanium ore or slag provide a more economical sulfate process for preparing anatase. The ore or slag is reacted with hot sulfuric acid. The reaction product is filtered and washed before being combined with acid water, in which the solids are partially dissolved. The resulting suspension is filtered, and the filtrate hydrolyzed to convert titanium values therein to titanium dioxide hydrate, which is calcined to produce anatase pigment.

Abstract: A titanium compound for photochemical reactions having a high catalytic activity per unit surface area and extremely good stability to heat treatment is made of a substitutional solid solution of titanium oxide in which aluminum atoms occupy titanium sites of the titanium oxide uniformly at a predetermined ratio. Aluminum atoms preferably occupy about 0.01 to 0.5% of the titanium sites. The titanium compound for photochemical reactions is obtained from a complex alkoxide of titanium and aluminum.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for producing an enhanced adsorbent particle comprising contacting a non-amorphous, non-ceramic, crystalline, porous, calcined, aluminum oxide particle that was produced by calcining at a particle temperature of from 400.degree. C. to 700.degree. C., with an acid for a sufficient time to increase the adsorbent properties of the particle. A process for producing an enhanced adsorbent particle comprising contacting a non-ceramic, porous, oxide adsorbent particle with an acid for a sufficient time to increase the adsorbent properties of the particle is also disclosed. Particles made by the process of the instant invention and particle uses, such as remediation of waste streams, are also provided.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel sunscreen compositions containing inorganic sunscreen agents, anionic emulsifiers and an oil component which permit the use of low amounts of inorganic sunscreen agents in the compositions while achieving high sun protection factors or the use of high amounts of inorganic sunscreens for very high sun protection factors without whiteness.

Abstract: Ultrafine metal oxide and mixed metal oxide ceramic particles are prepared by flame spray pyrolysis of a ceramic precursor solution containing one or more gycolato polymetallooxanes dissolved in a volatile organic solvent. Recycle of the nanosized particles disposed in additional ceramic precursor solution leads to larger particles. The metal oxide and mixed metal oxide particles may be converted to the respective nitrides by high temperature ammonolysis. The process produces high quality ceramic particles from inexpensive and relatively non-toxic reagents in high space-time yield.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing an adsorbent and/or catalyst and binder system comprising I) mixing components comprising (a) a binder comprising a colloidal metal oxide or colloidal metalloid oxide, (b) an oxide adsorbent and/or catalyst particle, and (c) an acid, (ii) removing a sufficient amount of water from the mixture to cross-link components a and b to form an adsorbent and/or catalyst and binder system. The invention also relates to particles made by the process, binders, and methods for remediating contaminants in a stream.

Abstract: A continuous hydrothermal synthesis method which comprises pressurizing and heating a material slurry below a saturated vapor temperature or pressurizing a material slurry at normal temperature, pressurizing and heating an aqueous liquid above the saturated vapor temperature, atomizing and mixing the slurry and the aqueous liquid, effecting hydrothermal synthesis in a reaction section above the saturated vapor temperature, cooling the reaction product and taking out the product while retaining the pressurized state in the system by alternately opening and closing shut-off valves provided above and below a product discharging section or through a thin pipe provided in the product discharging section. The method is performed using an apparatus comprising heating-pressurizing sections respectively connected to a material slurry feeding section and an aqueous liquid feeding section, an atomizing-mixing section and a reaction section provided after these feeding sections, and a product discharging section.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the preparation of an inorganic oxide gel comprising contacting at least one fluorinated inorganic oxide precursor with a fluorinated gelling agent in the presence of at least one fluorinated solvent to form a solution; allowing sufficient time for gelation to occur; and isolating the inorganic oxide gel. Gels made by this process are useful as coatings and as components in inorganic/organic hybrid materials.

Abstract: The present invention relates to particulate compositions having improved thermal conductivity values. An embodiment of the present invention is a particulate composition which under a 103421 Pa load, at 20.degree. C., and at a pressure (P) within the range of 133.322-13332.2 Pa, in Nitrogen, has: a packing density of less than or equal to 160 kg/m3, and a Thermal Conductivity (TC) at 133.322-1333.22 Pa of less than or equal to (0.260 lnP+4.53) milliWatt/meterK (mW/m.multidot.K) and a TC at 1333.22-13332.2 Pa of less than or equal to (0.824 lnP+0.47) mW/m.multidot.K. A preferred particulate composition is a gel composition. Also disclosed are insulation bodies comprising the particulate compositions.

Abstract: A low pressure combustion flame method for the production of nanophase powders, coatings and free-standing forms. The process involves controlled thermal decomposition of one or more metalorganic precursors in a flat-flame combustor unit in which both temperature distribution and gas phase residence time are uniform over the entire surface of the burner. It is this feature that makes the combustion flame reactor such a versatile tool for (1) high rate production of loosely agglomerated nanoparticle powders with controlled particle size and distribution, (2) uniform deposition of shape conformal nanophase coatings, and (3) net-shaped fabrication of nanocrystalline free-standing forms such as sheets, rings and drums. Applications for this new nanomaterials processing technology include electrical, thermal, optical, display, magnetic, catalytic, tribological and structural materials.

Abstract: Titanium oxide, comprising lamina shaped titanium oxide particles having a thickness of 10-30 nm and a width of 0.5 to 1 .mu.m, may be prepared by exfoliating a layered titanic acid powder having a formula H.sub.x Ti.sub.2-x/4 O.sub.4.nH.sub.2 O, where x=0.60-0.75, to form a titania sol; followed by drying and heating, to obtain a titanium oxide. The layered titanic acid powder may be prepared by contacting cesium titanate having an orthorhombic layered structure with an aqueous acid solution.

Abstract: A method for preparing an oxide (P), which includes the steps of (i) forming a solid phase compound (O) based on an oxide containing molecular entities (1) chosen from optionally substituted ammonium, diammonium, diazan-ium or diazandium, the entities being distributed within the solid matrix, and (ii) eliminating the entities (1) from the solid phase compound (O) by reacting the solid phase compound (O) with a gaseous stream containing a break-down reactant for the entities (1), and isolating the resulting solid material (P).

Abstract: Hot metal is circulated by an R-H unit in a closed loop path through first and second hearths and chambers. Titaniferous material containing iron oxide is introduced into the first hearth and the iron oxide therein is reduced in a heating zone in the first hearth to iron to produce titania slag having a reduced iron content which is removed in chamber before the hot metal passes via an underflow weir into chamber at which coal is added and a proportion of hot metal is removed. The addition of coal is such that more than 2% by weight of carbon dissolves in the hot metal in the second hearth. Coal ash slag is removed at chamber, while the hot metal containing the dissolved carbon is recirculated to the first hearth.

Abstract: The process for preparing crystalline titania powders is provided. The process comprises dissolving titanium salt in a mixed solvent of water and alcohol, heating the resulting solution to 15.degree..about.75.degree. C. to form titanium hydroxide precipitates, and crystallizing the titanium hydroxide precipitates.

Abstract: The present invention relates to nanodisperse titanium dioxide, to a process for the production thereof and to the use thereof.

Abstract: A method for producing a metal oxide powder which comprises heating a metal or metals in an atmosphere gas comprising a halogen gas, a hydrogen halide gas or a mixture of these gases in a concentration of from 0.5% by volume or more to 99.5% by volume or less; and oxygen, water vapor or a mixture of these gases in a concentration of from 0.5% by volume or more to 99.5% by volume or less.

Abstract: In a method of producing TiO.sub.2 pigment particles a TiO.sub.a X.sub.b (OH).sub.c -based precursor is suspended in a liquid with or without fuel additives. The suspension is then sprayed to form droplets. The droplets are transported into a flow reactor with a carrier gas. The droplets are decomposed in the flow reactor at high temperatures to form TiO.sub.2 pigment particles which are collected downstream of the flow reactor. In a preferred embodiment, a colloidal suspension of an insoluble TiO(SO.sub.4).sub.b (OH).sub.c precipitate with suitable fuel additives was spray-calcined at 900.degree. to 1200.degree. C. to produce pigment-quality TiO.sub.2. The primary particle size of the TiO.sub.2 pigment particles is between 150-250 nm and the particles are minimally aggregated.

Abstract: The present invention provides for the regulation of the rate of a chemical reaction within the aqueous micelles within a microemulsion of water in supercritical carbon dioxide. Increase in pressure increases the concentration of an ionized reaction component (reactant, catalyst or reaction initiator) within the reverse micelles, thus increasing the rate of the reaction or allowing the reaction to initiate. Similarly, the reaction rate can be slowed by decreasing the pressure, thus decreasing the amount of water and ionized components in the reverse micelles. Decrease in the pressure below a critical level results in the reaction stopping when the concentration of a ionized reaction component falls to a sufficiently low level.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing oxide powders and complex oxide powders having an oxygen amount smaller than the stoichiometric amount. The method comprises: spraying a combustible liquid that contains at least one raw material of metals capable of having a plural number of valences and compounds of such metals; and firing the raw material to give a powder of an oxide of at least one of said metals. The oxygen amount in the atmosphere in which the combustible liquid containing said raw material is sprayed and fired is smaller than the total of the oxygen amount necessary for the complete combustion of said combustible liquid and the oxygen amount necessary for the conversion of said raw material into an oxide that is the most stable in air at room temperature.

Abstract: A less dusty, more stable and more easily handlable protector against UV light than previously is obtained by supplying it in the form of solid particles having a mean diameter of at minimum 10 .mu.m and containing, dispersed in 90-20 parts by weight of wax, 10-80 parts by weight of a pigment which reduces the penetration UV light and is made up of metal oxide particles of a mean primary particle diameter smaller than 0.150 .mu.m.

Abstract: An ultrafine titanium dioxide powder is disclosed that can be produced by hydrothermal treating an amino titanium oxalate composition. Ultrafine titanium dioxide powders are useful in cosmetic and other applications for controlling exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a composition for screening out ultraviolet radiation, comprising, in association, at least one nanopigment of metallic oxide and at least one UV-screening fat-soluble polymer.

Abstract: A colored titanium flake having a flat, smooth surface, the flake including a coherent oxide layer formed on its surface, and the thickness of the coherent oxide layer being 100 to 1000 .ANG., a process for preparing the colored titanium flakes and a resin composition containing the colored titanium flakes.