Abstract: A process of treating metal chloride wastes produced by chlorination of titanium ore comprises the steps of:(a) leaching said metal chloride wastes in a hydrochloric acid (HCl)-containing solution to obtain a solution containing solids and dissolved metals,(b) separating said dissolved metals from said solids present in the solution obtained in step (a) to obtain a liquid and a residue,(c) selectively precipitating the metals as their hydroxides by adding a neutralizing agent to the liquid obtained in step (b),(d) separating the precipitate of metal hydroxides obtained in step (c) from the liquid to obtain a residue, and(e) dewatering the residue obtained in step (d).

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the two-phase extraction of metal ions from phases containing solid metal oxides, which is characterized in that the solid metal oxides are brought into contact with a hydroxamic acid, known per se, dissolved in a hydrophobic organic solvent, the phases containing the solid metal oxides and the organic phase are intensively intermixed over a sufficient contact time, after phase-splitting, the organic phase is separated and the metal ions are re-extracted from the organic phase in a manner known per se and processed.The extracting agent used therein and the use of this extracting agent are also disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus for removing vanadium from phosphoric acid includes a precipitator that receives vanadium-containing process-feed phosphoric acid and adds an oxidant to the process-feed phosphoric acid, whereupon precipitates containing phosphorus and vanadium are formed in a phosphoric acid filter feed slurry. The solid precipitate is removed by a filter. The filtrate, after optional further oxidation, is contacted to an ion exchange resin to remove additional vanadium from the filtrate to produce a phosphoric acid product of reduced vanadium content. A first portion of the phosphoric acid product is removed from the apparatus for further use. A reducing agent is added to a second portion of the phosphoric acid product, and the reduced acid is used to strip vanadium from the loaded ion exchange resin. The vanadium-loaded second portion of the phosphoric acid is mixed with fresh phosphoric acid and fed to the precipitator.

Abstract: Metal values (especially uranium values) are extracted from aqueous solutions of metal oxyions in the absence of halogen ion using an imidazole of defined formula. Especially preferred extractants are 1-alkyl imidazoles and benzimidazoles having from 7 to 25 carbon atoms in the alkyl group.

Abstract: Improved solvent extraction recovery of tantalum and niobium oxides from an acid solution of raw materials containing such oxides wherein the charged organic solvent [e.g., MIBK] is washed out (a) with 8-16N sulfuric acid and then (b) with water or dilute HF. This avoids the use of a second mineral acid addition after digestion by HF of raw materials (and avoids problems attendant to use a second mineral acid).

Abstract: Fluorine content of tantalum and niobium hydroxides is reduced to under 0.5 weight % by washing such hydroxide precipitates (as obtained by HF digestion and solvent extraction) with dilute ammonia (1 to 10%) and then water in two washing stages. The first washing stage includes a partial neutralization and the used wash water of the second stage is advantageously recycled, after adjustment of its ammonia concentration, for use as the first stage washing liquid.

Abstract: A process for selective separation of germanium-68 from proton irradiated molybdenum targets is provided and includes dissolving the molybdenum target in a hydrogen peroxide solution to form a first ion-containing solution, contacting the first ion-containing solution with a cationic resin whereby ions selected from the group consisting of molybdenum, niobium, technetium, selenium, vanadium, arsenic, germanium, zirconium and rubidium remain in a second ion-containing solution while ions selected from the group consisting of rubidium, zinc, beryllium, cobalt, iron, manganese, chromium, strontium, yttrium and zirconium are selectively adsorbed by the first resin, adjusting the pH of the second ion-containing solution to within a range of from about 0.7 to about 3.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel ion-exchange and chelate-exchange resins having improved exchange kinetics for separating chemical species from liquids. The resins are prepared from copolymer beads consisting of a monovinyl aromatic monomer and a cross-linking monomer. The copolymer beads are functionalized such that weak-base exchange moieties are substituted at haloalkylated sites which are most accessible to diffusion into the beads, while hydrophilic, strong-base exchange moieties are substituted at haloalkylated sites which are least accessible to diffusion. The resins have improved exchange kinetics due to shortened diffusion path lengths for the chemical species being separated and improved diffusion into the resin beads due to the hydrophilic, strong-base exchange moieties.

Abstract: A process for removal of vanadium from wet process phosphoric acid comprising the steps of;(i) adsorbing an anionic pentavalent complex of vanadium, derived from the wet process phosphoric acid, onto an anion exchange resin or into an organic layer; and(ii) reducing the vanadium complex to trivalent and/or tetravalent vanadium so as to selectively strip vanadium from the anion exchange resin or from the organic layer.

Abstract: A process for selective separation of strontium-82 and strontium-85 from proton irradiated molybdenum targets comprises dissolving the molybdenum target in a hydrogen peroxide solution to form a first solution containing ions selected from a group consisting of molybdenum, niobium, technetium, selenium, vanadium, arsenic, germanium, zirconium, rubidium, zinc, beryllium, cobalt, iron, manganese, chromium, strontium, and yttrium; passing the solution through a first cationic resin whereby ions selected from a group consisting of zinc, beryllium, cobalt, iron, manganese, chromium, strontium, yttrium a portion of zirconium and a portion of rubidium are selectively absorbed by the first resin; contacting the first resin with an acid solution to strip and remove the absorbed ions from the first cationic exchange resin to form a second solution; evaporating the second solution for a time sufficient to remove substantially all of the acid and water from the solution whereby a residue remains; dissolving the residue i

Abstract: Disclosed are novel ion-exchange and chelate-exchange resins having improved exchange kinetics for separating chemical species from liquids. The resins are prepared from copolymer beads consisting of a monovinyl aromatic monomer and a cross-linking monomer. The copolymer beads are functionalized such that weak-base exchange moieties are substituted at haloalkylated sites which are most accessible to diffusion into the beads, while hydrophilic, strong-base exchange moieties are substituted at haloalkylated sites which are least accessible to diffusion. The resins have improved exchange kinetics due to shortened diffusion path lengths for the chemical species being separated and improved diffusion into the resin beads due to the hydrophilic, strong-base exchange moieties.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel ion-exchange and chelate-exchange resins having improved exchange kinetics for separating chemical species from liquids. The resins are prepared from copolymer beads consisting of a monovinyl aromatic monomer and a cross-linking monomer. The copolymer beads are functionalized such that weak-base exchange moieties are substituted at haloalkylated sites which are most accessible to diffusion into the beads, while hydrophilic, strong-base exchange moieties are substituted at haloalkylated sites which are least accessible to diffusion. The resins have improved exchange kinetics due to shortened diffusion path lengths for the chemical species being separated and improved diffusion into the resin beads due to the hydrophilic, strong-base exchange moieties.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for the quantitative removal and concentration of desired transition metal ions from a source solution which may contain larger concentrations of other metal and H.sup.+ ions. The method comprises bringing the source solution into contact with a compound comprising a pyridine containing ligand covalently bonded through an organic spacer silicon grouping to a solid inorganic support. The pyridine portion(s) of the compound has an affinity for the desired metal ions to form a complex thereby removing the desired metal ions from the source solution. The desired metal ions are removed from the compound by contacting the compound with a much smaller volume of a receiving solution having a greater affinity for the desired metal ions than does the pyridine ligand portion of the compound. The concentrated metal ions thus removed may be recovered by known methods.

Abstract: A metallurgical processing system for economically recovering metal values, such as columbium, tantalum, thorium, and uranium from dilute source solids, such as digestion sludges, by a series of steps including:1) slurrying the source solids with dilute hydrofluoric acid to produce a solid phase and a liquid phase containing dissolved tantalum and columbium, then extracting tantalum and/or columbium from the liquid phase by means of a liquid ion-exchange process and then, additionally;2) roasting the solid phase with sulfuric acid to recover and recycle hydrofluoric acid, leaching the roasted solids with dilute sulfuric acid to produce a disposable solid phase and a liquid phase containing thorium and uranium, and extracting thorium and uranium from the liquid phase by means of a liquid-liquid amine extraction process.

Abstract: A process is provided for purifying phosphoric acid, such as wet process phosphoric acid by extracting the impure phosphoric acid with a nonaqueous solvent and contacting the nonaqueous solution of phosphoric acid with a strongly basic anion exchange resin and recovering the purified phosphoric acid by stripping the nonaqueous solution with an aqueous solution.

Abstract: A process is described for recovering vanadium and zeolitic alumino-silicates from flyash and similar carbon-bearing heat treated materials. The process includes steps for the separation of carbon, followed by pressure leaching the carbon-depleted flyash in relatively dilute alkali metal hydroxide solutions at elevated temperatures. The leach liquor is separated from the residue and is subsequently treated in an amine containing solvent extraction process step for vanadium recovery, and optionally, for other metals present in the leach liquor. The vanadium in the strip liquor is precipitated to obtain vanadium containing compounds.The leach residue is treated separately to recover zeolitic alumino-silicates therefrom.In another variation of the process, the vanadium is recovered from the leach liquor by means of a strong base anoin exchange resin.

Abstract: Metal halides are ultrapurified by selective complexation with a complexing gent to form a charged first complex. A ligand forms an oppositely charged second complex with metallic impurities in the metal halide to be purified. A solution containing these complexes is then passed through an ion exchange column and the desired purified metal halide collected. The present method is particularly useful in the production of ultrapure metal halides, such as zirconium fluorinate, for metallic glasses.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is a process for opening ores, particularly ores containing tantalum, niobium, zirconium and titanium, of the kind that includes the stages of leaching with mineral acids, solvent extraction, purification and separation of the products obtained, characterized by the fact that initially, instead of leaching with sulfuric acid and hydrofluoric acid being performed as a first stage, the original ore concentrate is melted together with fluorite (CaF.sub.2), followed by milling of the melting product obtained and subsequently leaching with concentrated sulfuric acid, followed by extraction of the soluble species using solvents, separation and purification of the products obtained.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for removing accumulated metals, particularly vanadium and nickel, from particulate aluminosilicate materials and aluminosilicate materials that are obtained by the process. The process may advantageously be used to remove accumulated metals from spent aluminosilicate contact materials used in selective vaporization processes of the type described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,263,128. The process of this invention yields materials suitable for effective recycling to a selective vaporization unit or for ecologically-acceptable disposal, as well as, optionally, recovery of metals in saleable form.

Abstract: A process for the extraction of cations from an aqueous effluent. An effective quantity of at least one polymer or copolymer, which is physically or chemically crosslinked, is introduced into the aqueous effluent. The polymer or copolymer is based on one or more units selected from salified acrylic acid, quarternized acrylic acid, and a copolymer comprising from 40 to 60 mole % of acrylic acid and from 60 to 40 mole % of at least one dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate in which each alkyl group contains from 1 to 4 carbon atoms. This process is used to treat aqueous effluents.

Abstract: A process providing solubilization of phosphate rock by contacting the rock with sulfurous acid in the presence of an oxidizing agent selected from the group consisting of hydrogen peroxide and ozone. Use of sulfurous acid in combination with a substoichiometric amount of hydrogen peroxide significantly enhances the solubilization of phosphate rock.

Abstract: The process has as an object the regeneration of catalysts containing at least one contaminating metal of the vanadium, nickel and iron group. The operation is conducted as follows:(a) The catalyst (1) is roasted in the presence of an oxygen-containing gas so as to remove at least 90% of the sulfur;(b) The catalyst obtained in step (a) is contacted with a hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution containing at least one organic compound comprising an acidic functional group, so as to remove at least 10% of the deposited metals of the vanadium, nickel and iron group; and(c) The regenerated catalyst (11) is separated from the aqueous solution of metal ions (5). The latter can be regenerated by passage over a complexing resin (6).The process is applicable to the regeneration of used catalysts, particularly to hydrotreatment catalysts in the oil industry.

Abstract: A process is described for recovering vanadium and zeolitic alumino-silicates from flyash and similar carbon-bearing heat treated materials. The process includes steps for the separation of carbon, followed by pressure leaching the carbon-depleted flyash in relatively dilute alkali metal hydroxide solutions at elevated temperatures. The leach liquor is separated from the residue and is subsequently treated in an amine containing solvent extraction process step for vanadium recovery, and optionally, for other metals present in the leach liquor. The vanadium in the strip liquor is precipitated to obtain vanadium containing compounds.The leach residue is treated separately to recover zeolitic alumino-silicates therefrom.

Abstract: Chelating agents on which metals such as uranium have been adsorbed are brought into contact with an eluent of aqueous solution containing reducing agents and basic compounds, until the metals are eluted. The elution is effected with large speed without degradation of the chelating agents. Preferred chelating agents are rather stable under basic conditions but not under acidic conditions, for example, those having .dbd.NOH group in their molecules. The reducing agents and basic compounds in the eluent are, for example, sulfurous acid or salts thereof and sodium hydroxide, respectively.

Abstract: A method is described for recovering vanadium from residues from the combustion of petroleum fractions, wherein the residues, such as ash and soot, are leached with aqueous H.sub.2 SO.sub.4 to extract vanadium and any additional polyvalent cations contained therein. The acid leaching solution, after oxidation of the extracted cations, is treated with a complexing agent, in particular EDTA or salts thereof, and then with ammonia to selectively precipitate vanadium as highly pure ammonium polyvanadate.

Abstract: Amine extractants useful in extracting metallic anions are modified with Lewis bases, having substantial organic solubility, such as tributyl phosphate, to improve the extraction capability of such amines. Generally, addition of Lewis bases to weakly basic amines increases the basicity of such amines.

Abstract: Metal ions contained in trace in an aqueous solution are extracted, for quantitative analysis by an ICP emission spectrometer, with an organic solvent supplemented by chelate compounds in an extraction vessel having a thin cylindrical upper portion, to form an organic layer containing the extracted metal ions over an aqueous layer. After extraction, water is supplied from the bottom of the vessel in an amount so that the interface between the organic and aqueous layers is positioned at a predetermined position of the thin, upper portion where a liquid withdrawal port is provided. The organic layer is recovered from the withdrawal port.

Abstract: Niobium (V) and tantalum (V) halides are converted to Nb.sub.2 O.sub.5 and Ta.sub.2 O.sub.5 that are free of detectable levels of halide in a two step process. In the first step, the metal halide is reacted with an alcohol and with a replacement species, such as ammonia, which reacts with the halide. This produces a metal alkoxide which is soluble and a halide salt of the replacement species which is insoluble in the alcohol and precipitates. After physically separating the alkoxide in alcohol solution from the precipitate, in a second step, the metal alkoxide is hydrolyzed with purified water to produce the oxide.

Abstract: Spent catalysts from hydrocarbon refining processes, comprising transition metal compounds on aluminum oxide-containing supports, are subjected to an oxidative roasting and are treated with sulfuric acid in a counter-current digester to dissolve metals. Following operations to separate compounds of the various transition metals, a solution containing approximately stoichiometric equivalents of aluminum and sulfate is obtained.

Abstract: The process has as an object the regeneration catalysts containing at least one contaminating metal of the vanadium, nickel and iron group. The operation is conducted as follows:(a) The catalyst (1) is roasted in the presence of an oxygen-containing gas so as to remove at least 90% of the sulfur;(b) The catalyst obtained in step (a) is contacted with a hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution containing at least one organic compound including a polar functional group, so as to remove at least 10% of the deposited metals of the vanadium, nickel and iron group; and(c) The regenerated catalyst (11) is separated from the aqueous solution of metal ions (5). The latter can be regenerated by passage over a complexing resin (6).The process is applicable to the regerneration of used catalysts, particularly to hydrotreatment catalysts in the oil industry.

Abstract: A method for obtaining high-purity tantalum pentoxide is disclosed, which comprises the following steps:dissolving a crude tantalum-containing compound in an acid containing hydrofluoric acid;mixing and bringing the resulting acidic aqueous solution of the crude tantalum-containing compound into contact with an organic solution composed of a water-insoluble quaternary ammonium compound and a water-insoluble organic solvent, to extract the tantalum from said acidic aqueous solution into said organic solution;mixing said organic solution with an aqueous solution containing at least one compound selected from the group consisting of an inorganic acid and an ammonium salt, to remove any of the impurities that have partly been extracted into said organic solution together with tantalum from said organic solution;converting the tantalum in said organic solution to tantalum hydroxide by treatment with an alkali containing ammonium hydroxide; andprecipitating said tantalum hydroxide and separating it, followed by cal

Abstract: The specification discloses a method for the extraction of metal ions having a reduction potential of above about +0.3 from an aqueous solution. The method includes contacting the aqueous solution with a polymeric extractant having primary phosphinic acid groups, secondary phosphine oxide groups, or both phosphinic acid and phosphine oxide groups.

Abstract: Described is a process for removing arsenic, vanadium, and/or nickel from petroliferous derived liquids by contacting said liquid at an elevated temperature with a divinylbenzene-crosslinked polystyrene having catechol ligands anchored thereon. For vanadium and nickel removal an amine, preferably a diamine is included.Also, described is a process for regenerating spent catecholated polystyrene by removal of the arsenic, vanadium, and/or nickel bound to it from contacting petroliferous liquid as described above and involves:treating the spent polymer containing any vanadium and/or nickel with an aqueous acid to achieve an acid pH; and,separating the solids from the liquid; and thentreating said spent catecholated polystyrene, at a temperature in the range of about 20.degree. to 100.degree. C. with an aqueous solution of at least one carbonate and/or bicarbonate of ammonium, alkali and alkaline earth metals, said solution having a pH between about 8 and 10; and,separating the solids and liquids from each other.

Abstract: A process is provided for the recovery of vanadium values from vanadium-bearing residues, such as fly ash, boiler ash and scrubber residues from the combustion of crude oil fractions. The process employs a combination of alkaline metal bases, such as sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide.

Abstract: A process for the recovery of a heavy metal which comprises:bringing a polymer having pendant groups of the formula:--CO--NH--NH--CO--COOMin which M is hydrogen, sodium or potassium, into contact with an aqueous solution containing a heavy metal to have the heavy metal adsorbed by said polymer;andhaving said heavy metal desorbed from the said polymer.

Abstract: A process for the beneficiation of an iron-containing material is carried out by first chlorinating the iron-containing material. Oxidation of ferrous chloride in the effluent gas from the chlorination is carried out under controlled conditions of oxygen supply so that more than 50% but less than 100% of the ferrous chloride is oxidized. In this way chlorine gas is separated from the process stream in a relatively pure form which can be utilized in a continuous process by recycle to another chlorination.

Abstract: New compounds have been prepared from dicyclopentadiene bis(methylamine) which have the following formula ##STR1## wherein substituents A, B, X and Y each are independently selected from radicals including hydrogen, hydroxyalkyl (wherein the alkyl group contains 2-6 carbon atoms) phosphonic, sulfonic, hydroxyethyl- and hydroxypropylsulfonic, methylenephosphonic methylene-, ethylene- and propylenesulfonic, alkylcarboxylic acid radicals (having 2-4 carbon atoms) and the alkali or alkaline earth metal, ammonia and amine salts of any of the phosphonic, sulfonic or carboxylic acid derivatives. At least one of the substituents must be other than a hydrogen. These compounds are useful chelating agents and those containing the methylenephosphonic substituents are good threshold agents.

Abstract: A method of recovering vanadium from an aqueous ammonium bicarbonate solvent strip solution is disclosed. The method includes adding sulfuric acid to the aqueous ammonium bicarbonate solution followed by addition of ammonia or ammonium hydroxide to precipitate out the vanadium.

Abstract: A method of recovering vanadium from an aqueous ammonium bicarbonate solvent strip solution is disclosed. The method includes heating the aqueous ammonium bicarbonate solution at a temperature of from 70.degree. C. to 100.degree. C., followed by addition of sulfuric acid to control the pH in the range of from 6.5 to 8.5 and addition of ammonium sulfate to precipitate out the vanadium.

Abstract: A process is provided for the production of vanadyl hydrate including solvent extraction and stripping steps. The vanadyl hydrate is then reacted with carbon to produce vanadium carbide.

Abstract: Vanadium is recovered from acidic solutions by oxidizing the vanadium with Caro's acid to the pentavalent state and obtaining the oxidized vanadium by solvent extraction.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing columbium solutions substantially free from antimony contamination. An aqueous columbium solution is contacted with an organic solvent to extract the antimony.

Abstract: A method of stripping an organic extraction solvent containing quaternary alkyl ammonium complexes. The extraction solvent is contacted with an aqueous stripping solution having at least 75 g/l bicarbonate ion, while maintained at between pH 7 and 9 at a temperature of no more than 50.degree. C.

Abstract: A method of recovering metal values from an aqueous stream. The metal values are preferably obtained from leaching spent hydroprocessing catalysts, and include nickel, cobalt, vanadium and molybdenum. The metal values are extracted, isolated and purified by liquid, liquid extraction techniques.

Abstract: A process for removing nickel, cobalt, molybdenum, and vanadium from spent hydroprocessing catalyst particles by roasting the catalyst at between 400.degree. C. and 600.degree. C. and leaching the catalyst particles with an aqueous solution of ammonia and an ammonium salt.

Abstract: A process for recovering the metal values from spent hydroprocessing catalyst particles. The metal values will include at least one metal of Group VIII of the Periodic Table and at least one metal of Group Vb or Group VIb of the Periodic Table. The spent catalyst particles are first roasted at between 400.degree. C. and 600.degree. C. and then contacted with a first aqueous solution of ammonia and an ammonium salt forming a first pregnant liquor. The once-leached spent hydroprocessing catalysts are contacted with a second aqueous solution of sulfur dioxide forming a second pregnant liquor. The metal values are precipitated from the second pregnant liquor with hydrogen sulfide and the precipitate is roasted with unroasted spent hydroprocessing catalysts. The metal values of Group Vb and Group VIb in the first pregnant liquor are transferred into a first organic solution by liquid ion exchange.

Abstract: Acidic aqueous phases comprising sulfate ion and particularly sulfuric acid values, titanium ion and particularly titanium (IV) values, and iron ion, particularly iron (II) values, and advantageously waste streams emanating from a sulfate process for the production of TiO.sub.2, are extracted with an initial organic phase which comprises at least one neutral organic extractant having the general formula: ##STR1## in which A and B, which may be the same or different, are the groups R.sub.1 or OR.sub.2, wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are straight or branched chain alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxyalkyl, aryl or alkylaryl radicals, or halogen substituted such radicals; and R is either R.sub.1 or R.sub.2 as above-defined, with R, R.sub.1 and R.sub.

Abstract: The invention relates to new industrial products of the general formula ##STR1## a process for the manufacture of these products and their application as extraction agents in hydrometallurgy.

Abstract: A process is provided for recovering metal values from spent hydrodesulfurization catalyst, the process comprising forming in a pressure reactor an aqueous slurry of finely divided spent catalyst and sodium carbonate, the spent catalyst containing by weight about 2 to 10% Mo, up to about 12% V (e.g., about 2 to 10%), about 0.5 to 4% Co, up to about 10% Ni (e.g., about 0.5 to 5%), occluded oil, coke, sulfide sulfur and the balance essentially alumina. The amount of sodium carbonate employed is at least sufficient under oxidizing conditions to convert molybdenum and any vanadium present to soluble Na.sub.2 MoO.sub.4 and NaVO.sub.3 and to neutralize SO.sub.3 produced during oxidation, the amount of sodium carbonate being at least that required stoichiometrically. The slurry is heated to a temperature of about 200.degree. C. to 350.degree. C. (e.g., 275.degree. C. to 325.degree. C.) and a pressure of about 800 psig to 2500 psig (e.g.

Abstract: A process for separating trivalent iron from an aqueous chloride solution comprising contacting the aqueous solution with an organic phase containing an organophosphoric compound as an extracting agent for trivalent iron and at least 40 percent in volume of a long chain aliphatic alcohol, separating the iron-loaded organic phase from the aqueous solution, and re-extractng the iron from the iron-loaded organic phase by contacting the latter with water or acidulated water so as to produce an aqueous iron chloride solution.Owing to the high alcohol content of the organic phase, iron can be re-extracted with a small amount of water.