Abstract: A process for beneficiating titaniferous ores to a product having a lower percentage content of silicates, and other inerts comprising, at temperatures of 900.degree.-1100.degree. C., passing chlorine through a bed comprising (a) a first fraction of particulate titaniferous ore having about 90% of large particles, (b) a second fraction having about 90% small particles and (c) carbon in an amount equal to 10-30%, by weight, of the total titaniferous ore present, and removing freed silicates and inerts and by-product iron chloride thereby consuming (b) with the titanium dioxide values present in (b) being substituted for iron oxide values present in (a). The beneficiated ore is useful as an intermediate for preparing titanium dioxide pigments.

Abstract: A process for the chlorination of a material containing iron and titanium chemically combined with oxygen, comprising feeding the material to be chlorinated, in particulate solid form, into a reaction bed of solids containing ferrous chloride, and reacting it within that bed, at a temperature below the melting point of ferrous chloride, with a controlled amount of chlorine in the presence of sulphur in free or combined form, to produce solid ferrous chloride, titanium chloride, which is volatile at a temperature of operation, and sulphur dioxide, as the principal products of the process.

Abstract: An oily mass of solids tailings is derived from flotation of bitumen during hot water extraction of bituminous sands, and subsequent separation of most of the bitumen from associated solids. This oily mass contains a high concentration of heavy minerals, in the order of 10% by weight titanium and 4% zirconium. The tailings are introduced into a hot reaction zone and contacted with oxygen while agitating the solids. The bitumen associated with the solids is burned, as is residual coke left from the combustion of the bitumen. The product particles are discrete, dry and clean. They can be slurried with water and passed through gravity concentrating means, such as a spiral, to produce a concentrate containing in the order of 18% titanium and 8% zirconium.

Abstract: An oily mass of solids tailings is derived from flotation of bitumen during hot water extraction of bituminous sands, and subsequent separation of most of the bitumen from associated solids. This oily mass contains a high concentration of heavy minerals, in the order of 10% by weight titanium and 4% zirconium. The tailings are introduced into a hot reaction zone and contacted with oxygen while agitating the solids. The bitumen associated with the solids is burned, as is residual coke left from the combustion of the bitumen. The product particles are discrete, dry and clean. They can be slurried with water and passed through gravity concentrating means, such as a spiral, to produce a concentrate containing in the order of 18% titanium and 8% zirconium.

Abstract: Synthetic rutile is made from ilmenite by pre-oxidizing it, reducing it in a fluid bed, thereafter aeration leaching it, optionally acid leaching, and drying.

Abstract: An improved process for beneficiating titaniferous ore to produce essentially iron-free titanium dioxide wherein a fluidized mixture of ore and a recycled iron-containing partially chlorinated product fraction is contacted with chlorine in a reactor maintained under reducing conditions, at temperatures of 700.degree. to 1150.degree. C. to convert iron oxide in the ore to iron chloride vapor which is removed from the reaction mixture. A quantity of the reaction bed which is partially chlorinated is removed from the reactor, cooled and separated into an essentially pure titanium dioxide fraction and a partially chlorinated iron-containing fraction. The iron-containing fraction is mixed with fresh ore and recycled to the reactor for further processing. The titanium dioxide product is useful as a starting material for the preparation of titanium dioxide pigment and is useful as a coating for a welding rod.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the production of aluminum chloride and alumina of metallurgical grade purity, and valuable by-products from aluminous ores like clay, bauxites and laterites. The process comprises carbo-chlorination of the ore to produce aluminum chloride and other metal chlorides. The aluminum chloride is separated, purified and utilized as such or oxidized to make alumina while the other metal chlorides are processed to recover maximum values.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for removing hydrogen chloride, chlorine, chlorides, oxychlorides and metal chlorides from a beneficiate produced by contacting a titaniferous ore with chlorine at high temperatures preferably in the presence of carbon wherein the beneficiate mixed with carbon is contacted at temperatures of about 1000.degree. C. with steam, moist air or moist inert gas. The beneficiate which is essentially titanium dioxide is useful as a starting material for the manufacture of titanium dioxide pigments.

Abstract: Recovery of titanium as a titanium tetrachloride from slags produced from ectrosmelting of relatively low content titanium bearing materials such as ilmenites.

Abstract: The simultaneous chlorination of the iron and titanium values in an iron containing titaniferous ore such as ilmenite is advantageously conducted to convert the iron values to ferrous chloride but the resulting gaseous effluent is difficult to process to recover the titanium tetrachloride. The iron values in the effluent are partially oxidized according to the equation3FeCl.sub.2 + 3/4O.sub.2 .fwdarw. 1/2Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 + 2FeCl.sub.3thereby reducing the vapor partial pressure of the ferrous chloride while maintaining the presence of some ferrous chloride to scavenge any chlorine emitted from the chlorination stage. The residual gaseous iron chlorides are condensed and chlorine-free titanium tetrachloride may be recovered from the remaining gases. If chlorine-free titanium tetrachloride is not required the mixture of gases resulting from the partial oxidation are reduced in temperature of from 500.degree. C to 800.degree.

Abstract: Titanium tetrachloride is produced by reacting a titaniferous material having a particle size of 150 mesh or less (Tyler standard) as a median value with a chlorine-containing gas in the presence of a coarse carbonaceous substance in a dilute-phase fluidization system.

Abstract: A chlorine-containing gas is introduced as an upward flow into a vertical, upwardly widening column-type reactor, and a titaniferous material and a solid carbonaceous reducing agent are charged into the reactor at its upper and lower parts to effect chlorination in a dilute-phase fluidization system accompanied by reflux of part of the solid materials and thereby yield titanium tetrachloride.

Abstract: Titanium minerals are concentrated by leaching with an acid leaching agent in the presence of a chelating agent, sulfonate surfactant or polyacrylamide surfactant, wherein the iron components are removed from the minerals.

Abstract: Artificial rutile of high TiO.sub.2 grade is produced by chlorine treatment of titaniferous ore such as ilmenite which comprises a combination of (1) a pretreatment step in which the ore is oxidized by roasting at a temperature below the sintering temperature thereof thereby to activate the ore, (2) a chloridization step in which the pretreated ore is subjected to a chlorine treatment in a fluidized bed chloridization furnace thereby to chloridize and remove selectively iron oxides within the ore without the formation of TiCl.sub.4, and (3) an aftertreatment step which comprises subjecting the ore to magnetic separation with a magnetic field of at least 20,000 gauses and further treatments thereafter, as necessary, such as a wet table treatment and electrostatic separation at from 5,000 to 30,000 volts.