Abstract: The invention provides a method and apparatus for detecting and controlling termites. The invention uses a tubular body with a triangular cross section to hold a cellulose bait impregnated with a slow acting toxicant. The tubular body is placed partly in the ground so that the length of the tubular body is along the surface of the ground. The top of the tubular body is transparent so that one can easily view the bait through the top of the tubular body.

Abstract: A pesticide and a method of using the pesticide to kill invertebrates, especially insects, arachnids and larvae. The method is to prepare a mixture of a carrier with the pesticide and apply the mixture to the insects, arachnids and larvae and their habitat. The pesticide is a neurotransmitter affector utilizing octopamine receptor sites in the insects, arachnids and larvae. The affector agent is a chemical having a six membered carbon ring having substituted thereon at least one oxygenated functional group. The affector agent is a chemical component of a plant essential oil and is naturally occurring. Deposition of the chemicals of the present invention on a surface provides residual toxicity for up to 30 days. Various carriers for the affector agent are disclosed. The chemicals of the present invention deter feeding of insects, arachnids and larvae and also retard growth of the larvae of the insects and arachnids.

Abstract: The invention relates to two lipopeptides a1 and a2 produced by Bacillus subtilis and their use as an anitfungal agent against Aspergillus flavus. Both peptides are cyclic, acidic and have broad range of antifungal and antimicrobial activity. Both peptides belong to the Bacillomycin D family. A method and composition for controlling aflatoxin contamination in plants susceptible to alflatoxin-producing fungi, like Aspergillus flavus or Aspergillus parasiticus is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a foamable aerosol concentrate composition, a foamable aerosol agricultural-chemical composition, and a method of controlling diseases and insect pests; particularly, relates to a foamable aerosol concentrate composition suitable for horticulure as a pastime in which an active ingredient of agricultural-chemicals having insecticidal and/or fungicidal activities and also having systemic action through a plant body and a surfactant are dissolved in glycols that are liquid at normal temperature, a foamable aerosol agricultural-chemical composition including the concentrate composition and a propellant both of which are filled in an aerosol container, a method of controlling diseases and insect pests through spraying application of the foamable aerosol agricultural-chemical composition to stems and/or branches of plants to be treated.

Abstract: Baits useful against diabroticine mature and immature beetles contain (a) an insecticide and (b) a feeding stimulant containing a cucurbitacin in a gelatin binder.

Abstract: The present invention is a unique process and apparatus for making a new matrix material called a shearform matrix which results in transformation of the morphology of a feedstock. The process is characterized by increasing the temperature of a nonsolubilized feedstock carrier to a point where it will undergo internal flow, followed by upwardly ejecting a stream of the feedstock and then subjecting it to disruptive fluid shear force which separates it into separate parts or masses which have a transformed morphology. The shearform matrix may include other ingredients such as oleaginous material and actives.

Abstract: A composition for treating the gastrointestinal tract comprising a porous insoluble absorbent in which the pores of the insoluble absorbent are clogged by a coating material which causes the insoluble absorbent to adhere to the gastrointestinal lining. Active ingredients, including antacids, antibiotics, antibacterial agents, platelet inhibitors, antispasmodics, and soporifics, can be mixed with or absorbed into the composition.

Abstract: Spent silver catalysts, from which the recoverable silver has already been stripped, was discovered to be useful for controlling microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi, including microorganisms in fluids such as water, or on surfaces to which coatings containing the stripped, spent silver catalysts are applied, and also in and on products or substrates in which the stripped, spent silver catalysts are incorporated.

Abstract: The present invention relates to chitin beads having a uniform and fine particle size and comprising microsporidian spores whose principal cell wall substance is chitin; chitosan beads comprising N-deacetylated chitin and having a uniform fine particle size; methods for preparing these beads; carriers comprising these beads; and a method for preparing microsporidian spores.Microsporidian spores are proliferated in insect's bodies or cultured cells to obtain chitin beads having the uniform and fine particle size and whose cell wall substance is mainly composed of chitin. The chitin as the major cell wall substance is subjected to N-deacetylation to give chitosan beads. When the insect is a larva of domesticated silkworm, microsporidian spores are proliferated by orally or percutaneously inoculating the spores into the 2nd instar domesticated silkworm larvae in a concentration of 5.times.10.sup.2 to 5.times.10.sup.

Abstract: A fungicidal composition the form of an aqueous emulsion is formed from 3-iodo-2-propynyl-N-butylcarbamate (IPBC), 2-(thiocyanomethylthio)benzothiazole (TCMTB), polyoxyethylene triglyceride, polyalkylene glycol ether, xanthan gum and dipropylene glycol. The composition is formed by adding a molten blend of polyoxyethylene triglyceride to a blend of IPBC and TCMTB, and then adding thereto a solution of xanthan gum in dipropylene glycol and water. The composition is particularly suited for the preservation of wet blue hides as obtained in the leather industry, and may also be used in the preservation of organic coatings delivered from aqueous media.

Abstract: There is provided an antimicrobial composition for combatting infections. The material is a controlled release glass having two or more agents selected from the group consisting of metals, selenium and boron. Preferably the agents are selected from the group consisting of copper, silver, magnesium, zinc, cerium,consisting of copper, silver, magnesium, zinc, cerium, manganese bismuth, selenium and boron. The combinations of copper and silver and of copper and zinc are particularly preferred and exhibit synergist activity. The antimicrobial composition is effective against infections due to Proteus spp.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for the topical treatment of ectoparasites on animal skin utilizing a water-soluble or water-dispersible, substantially air-impermeable liquid composition.

Abstract: Contact killing antimicrobial articles, devices and formulations are described which kill microorganisms on contact. The articles, devices or formulations contain a non-leaching antimicrobial material which is a unique combination of an organic matrix having biocidal metallic materials non-leachably associated with the matrix. The antimicrobial material may used to form an antimicrobial coating or layer on a surface of the article or device, or may be dispersed in a vehicle or carrier to form a topical antiseptic or disinfectant, or solid shape having contact killing antimicrobial properties. When a microorganism contacts the article, device, or formulation, the biocidal metallic material is transferred to the microorganism in amounts sufficient to kill it.

Abstract: The use of alkane-1,2-diols for inactivating skin microorganisms by topical application includes 1,2-Octanediol used against the germs that cause acne and dandruff, as well as those that cause mastitis in dairy animals, and its activity strengthened by a synergistic interaction with gels such as glycerol poly(meth)acrylate.

Abstract: Ectoparasiticidal and antimycotic product for external use, free from the risk of toxicity to humans or animals, and which offers favorable use conditions, consisting of the presentation of a copper oleate as an active agent, wherein the copper oleate is carried in an aqueous colloidal scattering manner. The formula of copper oleate preserves its insecticide and fungicide properties while having negligible cutaneous absorbtion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to treatment of viral infections, such as HIV, with a new class of anti-viral platinum coordination compounds having the general structural formula [PtXA.sub.m B.sub.3-m ] where X is an anionic ligand, A is an acyclic, nitrogen containing monodentate ligand such as amines, ammines, and quinolines, and B is nucleobase.

Abstract: The composition formed by mixing an organosilane with an ether. Water-stabilized organosilane compounds. A water stable composition made from the ether and organosilane composition and water. A method of treating a substrate by mixing or contacting the substrate with the product, compound, or composition of this invention for a period of time sufficient for treatment of the substrate. A treated substrate having adhered thereto the product, compound, or composition of this invention. A method of dyeing and treating a substrate. A method of antimicrobially treating a food article. A method of antimicrobially coating a fluid container. A method of antimicrobially coating a latex medical article.

Abstract: An asepsis disinfectant composition in liquid form having germicidal and biofilm cleansing properties comprising an anti-infective, an antiseptic agent, and an anti-biofilm agent for killing pathogenic and non-pathogenic organisms being in the range of 13.0% to 45.5% by weight of the disinfectant composition; a water purifying agent for acting as a detergent, a sanitizer and a bactericide being in the range of 4.0% to 14.0% by weight of the disinfectant composition; a cleansing agent for acting as an astringent and an abradant in the removal of biofilm from contaminated surfaces, and as a bactericide and fungicide being in the range of 10.0% to 23.0% by weight of the disinfectant composition; an anti-oxidant and stabilizer agent for stabilizing anti-infective and antiseptic agent in the liquid disinfectant composition being in the range of 4.0% to 8.

Abstract: A process for the administration of a flowable solid, semisolid, or liquid medium exhibiting a controlled release of at least one active substance to plants by means of injection using needle-free, pressure-actuated devices is characterized in that the medium comprises active substance-containing microparticles of a maximum size of 100 .mu.m including the following components:a) 0.5-70%-wt. of at least one active substance,b) 10-70%-wt. of at least one biodegradable polymer,c) up to 20%-wt. of formulation adjuvants.

Abstract: A method for controlling pests comprising administering to them a compound of the formula (i) R-PH-R', wherein R is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 aliphatic hydrocarbyl group and R' is H or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 aliphatic hydrocarbyl group. Either hydrocarbyl group may be optionally substituted. Preferably, the compound of formula (i) is metliylphosphiine. The method has particular utility against insects which are resistant to phosphine. Also disclosed are pesticidal compositions of compounds of formula (i), and methods and compositions combining these compounds with phosphine.

Abstract: An article for placement on a surface and having a carrier body of cork in which a quantity of a repellent or insecticidal agent is stored for vaporization over a duration. The carrier body is provided with an electrostatic retainer or an adhesive strip for article rentention on a surface. Repellent or insecticidal agents include those from pyrethrum or an extract from seeds of the neem tree or diazanon, the latter when the article is used outdoors.

Abstract: Combinations of a chitin synthesis inhibitor (e.g. hexaflumuron, flufenoxuron, lufenuron, and dimiin) with a juvenile hormone mimic (e.g. methoprene and pyriproxyfen) afford synergistic activity against termites.

Abstract: Methods for preventing the penetration of toxic chemicals through the stratum corneum of the skin of a mammal are disclosed which employ, as a penetration prevention agent, at least one compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein W.sub.1 is a divalent oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen radical, W.sub.2 and W.sub.3 are independently a divalent oxygen or sulfur radical, R' is an alkyl radical comprising from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, y is 0 or 1, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are alkyl radicals comprising from 1 to 10 carbon atoms and R and R.sub.3 are individually a hydrocarbyl radical containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a heteroatom-substituted derivative thereof wherein at least one but not two adjacent carbon atoms may be replaced by a divalent oxygen or sulfur radical or by NR", wherein R" is hydrogen or R', n is an integer from 2 to 5 and compounds represented by the above formula in which the ring and/or R includes one to three carbon carbon double bonds.

Abstract: A controlled release pharmaceutical composition includes a biocompatible polymeric material, preferably polyethylene-vinyl acetate or poly(lactic-glucolic acid), having incorporated therein a soluble receptor capable of binding to its ligand and thus affecting the ligand's function. The soluble receptor is preferably the soluble form of TNF.alpha. receptor. Such compositions are for use in the treatment of disorders in which neutralization of the deleterious effects of TNF.alpha. is required.

Abstract: Microcapsules containing a biologically active material which is sensitive to ultraviolet light are prepared which contain an ultraviolet light protectant selected from titanium dioxide, zinc oxide and mixtures thereof, suspended and thoroughly dispersed in a liquid.

Abstract: Adhesive antimicrobial dental compositions and methods for forming and using compositions are disclosed. The compositions are primarily useful as pulp caps and dentin liners. The composition includes an alkyl methacrylate having an oxyphosphorus group, a polymerization initiator and an antimicrobial agent. The antimicrobial agent can be organohalogens, antibiotics, alkali metal hydroxides, alkaline earth metal oxides and alkaline earth metal hydroxides. The compositions have high dentin tensile bond strength, are stable as a single component or package system, can be polymerized in situ, prevent ingress by microorganisms into an area of a tooth treated with the compositions and can be syringe delivered.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the treatment of individual plants with solid shaped plant treatment agents which are introduced into the sap conduction paths of the plants, new solid shaped plant treatment agents and their production.

Abstract: Disclosed is the compound 6-vinyldecanal and its use as a sex pheromone synergist. The invention also includes a composition of matter, comprising 6-vinyldecanal and an agriculturally acceptable carrier. The invention further includes a composition suitable for attracting insects, comprising 6-vinyldecanal and an insect sex pheromone, as well as traps containing such a composition.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cleaning and/or disinfecting composition comprising a tertiary alkyl amine and an alkyl betaine.

Abstract: An antifungal composition suitable for parenteral administration to a mammal includes an amount of pimaricin or an antifungal derivative thereof that is effective to inhibit the growth of a fungal infection in a mammal; a pharmaceutically acceptable dipolar aprotic solvent; and a pharmaceutically acceptable aqueous secondary solvent. The composition can be used in methods of preventing or treating a systemic fungal infection in a mammal. The composition can be prepared by dissolving pimaricin or an antifungal derivative thereof in the pharmaceutically acceptable dipolar aprotic solvent; adding to the solution a pharmaceutically acceptable aqueous secondary solvent; and in a preferred method, by subsequently lypohilizing the composition, whereby a dry, shelf-stable composition is produced. This dry composition can be reconstituted into an aqueous solution suitable for parenteral administration.

Abstract: A clear, one-phase, efficacious aqueous microemulsion of an agriculturally active pyrethroid insecticide for delivery at a high loading of active is provided herein which is free of nonylphenol ethoxylate.

Abstract: A novel Plutella xylostella baculovirus (PxMNPV) which is useful for the control of insect pests has been isolated. A variety of insect pests may be controlled by application of an insecticidally effective amount of the baculovirus to the locus or vicinity of the target insect.

Abstract: Improved film-forming skin protectant compositions are provided which are capable of forming a long-lasting elastic barrier film when applied to skin; the compositions have particular utility as barrier teat dips, for protecting cows against mastitis, especially during their susceptible non-lactating periods. The compositions include a film-forming component (preferably a mixture of polyether polyurethane and benzoin gum) dispersed in a compatible carrier and further having a minor amount of nitrocellulose incorporated therein in order to increase the time of adherence of the composition to skin, as compared with an otherwise identical composition without nitrocellulose. The compositions may also include a germicide (e.g., chlorhexidine diacetate), and a coloring dye. The most preferred compositions include polyether polyurethane, benzoin gum, a solvent system made up of tetrahydrafuran and a lower alcohol, and chlorhexidine diacetate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for protecting surfaces from arthropod infestation which involves treating the surface with an effective amount of finely divided calcined kaolins, hydrophobic calcined kaolins, hydrous kaolins, hydrophobic hydrous kaolins, hydrophobic calcium carbonates, calcium carbonates or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Non-toxigenic strains of Aspergillus such as from the species Aspirgillus oryzae and Aspergillus sojae are useful fungal biocontrol agents for preventing toxin contamination in agricultural commodities, especially those for human consumption such as peanuts and corn. These strains do not produce aflatoxin, any bis-furan ring-containing intermediates of the aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway and cyclopiazonic acid. They are also useful for controlling toxin damage to crops such as cotton. The strains include Aspergillus strains NRRL 21368, NRRL 21369, NRRL 21882, NRRL 30038, NRRL 30039 and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A water-free concentrate comprising, by weight,(a) 3-20% of amitraz insecticide, optionally with other agriculturally active chemicals, for example, a pyrethroid;(b) 30-80% of a nonionic surfactant having an HLB <7, and(c) 5-30% of a C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl pyrrolidone solvent.Clear, pour-on formulations of about 5-60% by weight of the concentrate and 40-95% of an oil are described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cosmetic or pharmaceutical emulsion for topical application to the skin comprising an irritating agent and at least one non-disruptive emulsifier. In a preferred embodiment the irritating agent is a retinoid. The invention also provides a method for decreasing the irritation on the skin caused by an irritating active agent in a topical cosmetic or pharmaceutical emulsion which comprises employing as an emulsifier at least one of an alkyl polyoside, a grafted water soluble protein on a hydrophobic backbone, and lecithin.

Abstract: Chemically stable, insecticidally active pellets having a low moisture content and at least about 95% active ingredient are described, as well as a method for manufacturing them. The active ingredient is selected from a class of N-hydrocarboyl phosphoroamidothioate and phosphoroamidodithioate compounds as described in the specification. The pellets generally have a moisture content of about 0.5% by weight or less, preferably less than about 0.3% by weight. The pellets can be produced by one of two types of processes as described in detail, including a high pressure axial extrusion process and a low pressure basket extrusion process.

Abstract: A pesticide and a method of using the pesticide to kill invertebrates, especially insects, arachnids and larvae. The method is to prepare a mixture of a carrier with the pesticide and apply the mixture to the insects, arachnids and larvae and their habitat. The pesticide is a neurotransmitter affector utilizing octopamine receptor sites in the insects, arachnids and larvae. The affector agent is a chemical having a six membered carbon ring having substituted thereon at least one oxygenated functional group. The affector agent is a chemical component of a plant essential oil and is naturally occurring. Deposition of the chemicals of the present invention on a surface provides residual toxicity for up to 30 days. Various carriers for the affector agent are disclosed. The chemicals of the present invention deter feeding of insects, arachnids and larvae and also retard growth of the larvae of the insects and arachnids.

Abstract: Controlled release compositions of matter are disclosed comprising complexes for treating a population of one or more aquatic organisms in a column of water. The complexes comprise at least one system wherein the system comprises at least one bioactive agent as a component selected for treating a population of aquatic organisms, at least one carrier component, and at least one high molecular weight organic plasticizer coating component for regulating the controlled release rate and release profile of the bioactive agent in water or at least one bioactive agent and one joint-function component that can serve as both a carrier and coating to regulate the controlled release rate and release profile of the bioactive agent in water, with or without optional binder components and/or additional formulation materials.

Abstract: A substantially endotoxin-free ApoA or ApoE is produced by recombinant DNA technique, suitably in E. coli. Medicaments and methods for treatment of atherosclerosis or cardiovascular diseases employ ApoA or ApoE purified by a process comprising contacting a first aqueous solution comprising ApoA or ApoE and endotoxins with a matrix comprising an immobilized compound with an end group comprising two or three nitrogen atoms bonded to a carbon atom for attaching the endotoxins to the matrix, and subsequently treating the matrix comprising the immobilized compound with a second aqueous solution comprising a surfactant for releasing the ApoA or ApoE while the endotoxins remain attached to the matrix.

Abstract: A substance and method for minimizing or eliminating damage to objects caused by animals, especially gnawing and chewing rodents. A wide variety of objects and items can be protected by the practice of the invention. Methods are disclosed for extracting the active repellent ingredient from pepper plants, particularly habanero peppers, and for using the extract to treat the objects to be protected. Disclosed protective treatment methods include applying the extract directly to the item to be protected, and/or mixing the extract with caulks, paints, glues, or rubber coating materials.

Abstract: The invention provides a shelf-life extender for upholding the freshness of food, such as meat, vegetables, fruits, etc., in retail packages or in a refrigerator for an extended period of time. An isothiocyanic acid compound is supported on a matrix such as a natural mucilaginous polysaccharide or a solid organic acid and the supported compound is packaged in synthetic resin film or nonwoven fabric. The invention further provides an aqueous gel composition comprising a specified surfactant, an isothiocyanic acid compound, and a gelling agent and a hydrophobic gel composition comprising a specified hydrophobic dispersion medium, an isothiocyanic acid compound, and a gelling agent.

Abstract: A method and device are disclosed which prevent the intrusion of insects onto wood structures by using a barrier capable of retaining pesticide. In the disclosed method, the barrier maintains a minimal effective level of insecticide for a predetermined period of time.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for delivering a bioactive compound to the site where it will exhibit its biological affect and controlling the delivery of the bioactive compound through the physical-chemical properties of a particle containing the bioactive compound. The method is particularly useful for delivering agricultural chemicals and pharmaceutical compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of polyurethane microcapsules containing monocrotophos, which comprises of preparing a solution of diol or polyol having a molecular weight in the range of 200-2000, crosslinker, monocrotophos and a catalyst selected from amino or organometallic compounds; dispersing this solution into a dilute solution of stabilizer which consists of a block copolymer having the general formula ?A!.sub.n -?B!.sub.m where A and B are chemically and compositionally dissimilar segments where n and m segments are in between 30-115 and 10-60 units respectively, such that the sum of n and m does not exceed 175 units, in an aliphatic hydrocarbon; adding an isocyanate dropwise to this dispersion; agitating the mixture at 1000-1400 revolutions per minute for the first 6-8 hours and then at 500-800 revolutions per minute for an additional period of 14-18 hours at a temperature between 30.degree. to 40.degree. C.

Abstract: A composition containing, as active ingredient, one or more water soluble plant protection active materials and further containing an effective amount of one or more polyalkoxylated amidoamines of average formula (1) or (2), wherein all R.sup.1, which are the same or different, are a straight or branched C.sub.2 -C.sub.22 alkyl or alkenyl hydrocarbon group, cycloalkyl or alkylaryl, all R.sup.2, which are the same or different, are hydrogen or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl radical, and p, q, r, s and t, which are the same or different, are integers that can be zero, such that p+q is 1-20 and r+s+t is 1-20. Applications of said composition as a herbicide, a fungicide or a fertilizer are also described.

Abstract: Intercalates formed by contacting an activated layered material, e.g., an activated phyllosilicate, with an intercalant pesticide to intercalate an intercalant pesticide between adjacent platelets of the layered material is disclosed. Sufficient intercalant pesticide is sorbed between adjacent platelets to expand the adjacent platelets to a spacing of at least about 5 .ANG. (as measured after water removal to a maximum of 5% by weight water) up to about 100 .ANG., and preferably in the range of about 10 to about 45 .ANG., so that, if desired, the intercalate can be exfoliated into individual platelets. The intercalate can be combined with an organic liquid to form a viscous composition for delivery of a pesticide compound. Alternatively, the intercalate can be exfoliated prior to combination with the organic liquid. The intercalated complex also can be admixed with solid particles to provide a granular, dust, or wettable powder pesticide composition.

Abstract: Aggregates containing cellulosic material can be used to remediate land which has been polluted by agricultural wastes and to prevent such pollution, as well as for carriers of insecticides and herbicides.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel methods for the use of pesticide formulations, containing d-limonene, directed against ants, termites, chinch bugs, sod web worms (Bacillus thuringiensis), weeds and the like.