Abstract: This invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising anaerobe-selective antibacterial agents which are substituted or unsubstituted, 1,12-dodecanedioic peroxy acids, or their pharmaceutically-acceptable salts or esters. The pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention are especially suitable for oral administration in the form of mouth rinses and toothpastes. These anaerobe-selective antibacterial compositions are useful for treating or preventing anaerobic bacterial infections, especially diseases of the oral cavity, in humans or lower animals.The present invention further relates to a method for treating or preventing anaerobic bacterial infections such as acne, and especially diseases of the oral cavity such as gingivitis and periodontal disease, in humans or lower animals.

Abstract: A novel weakly acidic bath additive composition comprises carbon dioxide gas or a substance capable of producing carbon dioxide gas and an oily ingredient.The composition promotes the blood circulation due to the effect of carbon dioxide gas present in the bath water. Further, because of an oily ingredient, the skin is supplied by an oil and provided moistened feel after bathing.

Abstract: A dermally applicable patch adapted for application to the skin of the user to enable a transdermal administration to the bloodstream of a user. The patch comprises an outer layer which is impermeable to the passage of nicotine and an inner layer which may operate as a rate controlling membrane to allow the passage of nicotine into the bloodstream of a user. An outer layer and an inner layer form a nicotine receiving area for receiving the nicotine to thereby allow the same to pass through the inner layer. In a preferred embodiment, the patch is highly effective in reducing the incidence of tobacco smoking by allowing transdermal nicotine migration into the bloodstream of a user at a rate sufficient to correspond to the nicotine level in the blood achieved by smoking.

Abstract: A bathing preparation containing (a) fumaric acid, (b) a carbonate, (c) from 0.1 to 20% by weight, based on fumaric acid, of carboxymethyl cellulose, or an alkali metal salt thereof, having a viscosity of not higher than 2,000 cp in a 1.0% by weight aqueous solution at 25.degree. C., or at least 0.2% by weight, based on fumaric acid, of polyethylene glycol, and (d) not less than 0.02% by weight and less than 0.1% by weight, based on fumaric acid, of a nonionic surface active agent having an HLB of 7 or more. The bathing preparation causes neither floating of fumaric acid or foaming when it is dissolved in a bath nor foaming after it is dissolved and the bath is agitated.

Abstract: A skin conditioning composition for application to the skin comprises an oil-in-water emulsion and a propellant packaged under pressure in an aerosol device or controller. The oil-in-water emulsion comprises petrolatum, water and an emulsifier having an HLB of about 6 to 10.

Abstract: A non-alcoholic delivery system for active ingredients is disclosed which does not require the use of alcohol as a solvent. Surface acting agents, or surfactants, are used to reduce surface tension of the compound in solution, facilitating dissolution of all additives including non-soluble, spray-dried flavoring oils. Surface acting agents also may produce a foaming or effervescent effect, if desired. One formulation produces a good-tasting, desirable mouthwash with appropriate flavor concentrations, as well as other products.

Abstract: A dimensionally stable alginate hydrogel foam wound dressing that absorbs wound exudate without any appreciable swelling. The wound dressing is formed-in-place in the wound cavity or on the wound surface from a reactive composition that foams as it gels. The water-insoluble alginate hydrogel foam based wound dressing is made by mixing together the ingredients of a two component system; applying the resulting composite liquid mixture to a wound site; and allowing the composite mixture to react. One component contains an aqueous suspension of certain di-or trivalent metal salts and an effervescent compound. The second component contains an aqueous solution of a biocompatible, water-soluble acid. At least one compound, and preferably both, contain a water soluble alginate.

Abstract: A non-alcoholic effervescent compound for cleaning and disinfecting the mouth, teeth, gums and breath without necessity of alcohol as a solvent. Surface acting agents, or surfactants, are used to reduce surface tension of the compound in solution, facilitating dissolution of all additives including non-soluble oil-containing components. Surface acting agents also produce a foaming effect which loosens bacteria and food off and out from between teeth. The compound eliminates use of alcohol as a solvent, has increased cleaning action from both foaming and effervescence and produces a good-tasting, desirable mouthwash with appropriate flavor concentrations.

Abstract: Solid, loose particulate materials are treated with vaporizable agent in a process chamber. The materials are combined with a mixture of hot gas and vapor in order to condense finely subdivided amounts of the treatment agent on the material. After a suitable time of reaction, the condensed material is partially removed from the treated material so that the pressure in the process chamber is reduced at least to the point at which the treatment agent partially evaporates, whereupon the portion which has revaporized is extracted from the process chamber. This cycle of introduction and removal of the treating agent is preferably repeated in a program-controlled operation until the desired result is achieved and a product which is suitably agglomerated is obtained.

Abstract: An aerosol antiperspirant composition comprising:(a) from about 2% to about 10% of a hydrophobic liquid;(b) from about 20% to about 95% of a propellant;(c) from about 2% to about 30% of an enhanced efficacy metallic antiperspirant material, containing at least about 30% of a high efficacy metallic species (by weight of all metallic species in said antiperspirant material);(d) from about 0.1% to about 3.0% of a hydrophobically-treated clay suspension agent; and(e) from about 0.01% to about 0.2% of an activator.

Abstract: Novel oligonucleotide conjugates are provided, where oligonucleotides are joined through a linking arm to a hydrophobic moiety. The resulting conjugates are more efficient in membrane transport, so as to be capable of crossing the membrane and effectively modulating a transcriptional system. In this way, the compositions can be used in vitro and in vivo, for studying cellular processes, protecting mammalian hosts from pathogens, and the like.

Abstract: Phospholipid liposomes are provided having a lipid bilayer surrounding a confined composition which includes a gas or a gas precursor. The liposomes can be administered to a patient and can be detected in vivo by ultrasound techniques which permit organ imaging.

Abstract: Rapidly-disintegratable active-component-containing foamable compositions can be obtained by mixing an active component (Component-C) into a solid alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt of carbonic acid (Component-A) and/or a solid aliphatic carboxylic acid (Component-B), and then mixing component-A and Component-B together after being moisturized separately with approx. 0.5-5% (w/w) water.

Abstract: A weakly acidic bath agent comprising carbon dioxide or a carbon dioxide-generating substance and nicotinic acid or a derivative of nicotinic acid represented by the general formula ##STR1## wherein R represents a group - OR.sub.1, in which R.sub.1 is a hydrogen atom, a saturated or an unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 of carbon atoms, or benzyl group.The bath agent of the invention exhibits a favorable effects such as prevention of roughening of human skins, promotion of blood circulation, sensation of body warmth and dampishness of the skins, absence of chill after bathing and the like.

Abstract: A solid stable sugar free and sodium free calcium pharmaceutical composition is disclosed comprising a calcium organic salt, calcium carbonate and an organic polycarboxylic acid.

Abstract: An effervescent vaginal suppository composition containing a stabilizer appropriately selected from the group consisting of anhydrous sodium sulfate, anhydrous silica gel, dried magnesium silicate, dried aluminum silicate, dried calcium carboxymethylcellulose, dried microcrystalline cellulose, dried starch and dried calcium phosphate or mixtures thereof, preferably in an amount of 0.1-20% based on the weight of said effervescent vaginal suppository composition. Shaped effervescent vaginal suppositories are produced therefrom.

Abstract: An osmotic device is disclosed comprising a release rate controlling wall that surrounds a carbon dioxide generating compound.

Abstract: The invention relates to an effervescent couple which comprises a mixture of mono-and di-alkali metal citrate as well as to a process for preparing same. The process comprises partially neutralizing citric acid by reacting an alkali metal carbonate or bicarbonate with citric acid and water and controlling the amount of carbon dioxide released during the reaction by stopping the reaction when a certain amount of citric acid has been neutralized. In a preferred embodiment the reaction is stopped when from about 24% to about 54% of the potential amount of carbon dioxide has been released.

Abstract: Dentifrice compositions are provided having an effervescent and cleansing action. The dentifrice compositions are formed from an essentially anhydrous dentifrice base medium and an inorganic oxide material containing an adsorbed gas. Upon contact of the dentifrice composition with water, an effervescent action occurs as the gas is desorbed from the inorganic oxide material.

Abstract: A diet pill in the form of a sealed container of cellulose material containing a gas producing powder, such as sodium bicarbonate which expands the pill in volume as the result of reaction with gastric juice and liquid in the user's stomach. Such expansion gives a sense of fullness of the stomach. The pill may also contain a fiber, such as psyllium hydrophillic mucilloid, which swells in the user's stomach. The pill may be tubular and sealed by end ties of silk or catgut or other digestible or indigestible material. The tubular pill may be compacted in size by folding several times or collapsing in accordion fashion to enable swallowing.

Abstract: The invention provides a tablet that will substantially dissolve rapidly in cool tap water or juice to yield a clear or almost clear calcium solution. The constituents of the tablet are calcium carbonate, fumaric acid and a water soluble third reactant wherein the calcium carbonate and the fumaric acid are present in approximately molar equivalent amounts and the third reactant is present in an amount sufficient to control the effervescence, allowing the tablet to dissolve completely without breaking apart and leaving any appreciable residue. The third reactant is preferably calcium lactate.

Abstract: A method and composition for providing aspartame as a sweetener in effervescent calcium ion-generating systems is provided. The method includes a step for providing a selected surfactant in association with the aspartame sweetener, to provide for aqueous solution of the aspartame in the presence of the solubilized calcium without film formation and without excessive foaming. Preferably, the aspartame/surfactant is provided by a granule composition, utilized in association with a calcium carbonate/citric acid effervescent couple.

Abstract: This invention is concerned with an oral sustained release pharmaceutical preparation which is prepared as a pharmaceutical preparation comprising lower alkyl ether of cellulose, polyacrylic acid or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt, and active drugs, or a pharmaceutical preparation comprising lower alkyl ether of cellulose, polyacrylic acid or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt, and active drugs together with a foaming agent, so that it may release the active drugs by such slow degrees in the stomach or the intestinal tract as to make it possible to provide an adequate supply of active drugs in enough concentration to display their therapeutic value for many hours.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical preparation containing ibuprofen is disclosed. In the preparation, the ibuprofen particles are enveloped by a coating of a hydro-colloid and fumaric acid. Preferably, the hydro-colloid comprises xanthan gum and/or maltodextrin. This preparation reduces the tendency of ibuprofen to irritate the esophagus and the gastrointestinal tract when taken orally. An effervescent mixture of the ibuprofen containing preparation can be prepared by incorporating citric acid and calcium carbonate into the mixture. A process for the manufacture of the ibuprofen containing preparation is also disclosed. In this process, ibuprofen particles are coated with the hydro-colloid and fumaric acid under vacuum conditions in a vacuum mixing machine and the resulting preparation is thereafter vacuum-dried.

Abstract: Dry, stable carbonating agents comprised of a carbohydrate/metal bicarbonate complex are disclosed. The complex is prepared by reacting a carbohydrate with a metal hydroxide or oxide at a temperature not exceeding 25.degree. C. to form a carbohydrate/metal hydroxide adduct to which carbon dioxide is then introduced to form the complex. The complex is then immediately dried, preferably by freeze drying. The carbonating agents are particularly useful as components of dehydrated beverage powders. Upon rehydration, the complex releases carbon dioxide and carbonates the beverage. Additionally, upon rehydration the complex promotes the solubilization of the carbohydrate components in the beverage.

Abstract: A tooth cleaning tablet which is self-foaming and self-cleansing on chewing and which includes a self-foaming effervescent couple composition which enables the tablet readily to form a foam on chewing without the need for agitation with a toothbrush and also without the need to suck air into the mouth, the self-foaming effervescent couple composition comprising a carboxylic acid, an alkali metal carbonate salt, a wetting agent such as sodium lauryl sulphate, and a swelling agent such as zanthan gum.

Abstract: Flavored, effervescent, water soluble compositions containing water-soluble and oil-soluble vitamins and amino acid chelated minerals in bioavailable form are contained in a composition consisting of 20-30% of a vitamin blend consisting of water-soluble and oil-soluble vitamins adsorbed on a lactose carrier containing a minor amount of propylene glycol, 5-25% of one or more amino acid chelated minerals selected from the group consisting of calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper and manganese, 20-45% citric acid, 5-25% of one or more alkali or alkaline earth metal bicarbonates or carbonates, 1-5% flavoring agent, 0.5-2% of a sweetening agent and sufficient additional lactose carrier to provide the desired vitamin and mineral content per unit dosage which will normally vary between about 2 and 6 grams. When dissolved in water a flavored, lightly carbonated drink is provided which will contain in soluble bioavailable form between about 50 to 100% of the U.S.

Abstract: Disclosed are water soluble effervescent antacid, analgesic powder and tablet formulations which in a preferred embodiment are sodium, sucrose and aspirin free. The formulation is administered through the ingestion of an aqueous solution of the powder or tablet.The powder and tablet formulations of this invention preferably comprise a therapeutically effective amount of acetaminophen as the analgesic and an effective amount of agglomerated particles of an antacid and a food grade acid which will react in an aqueous solution to produce visible gaseous effervescence.The formulations of this invention preferably also comprise flavorants, which improve the taste and lubricants and hardening agents which aid in tableting the formulation.

Abstract: A method of preparing a toothpaste composition by the steps of adding calcium phosphate in an amount of 0.5 to 5% by weight of the composition and sodium perborate in an amount of 0.5 to 5% by weight of the composition to hot water to form a first mixture and agitating the first mixture, adding to the first mixture sorbitol in an amount of 1 to 50% by weight of the composition, cornstarch in an amount of 0.5 to 10% by weight of the composition and aluminum hydroxide in an amount of 0.01 to 1% by weight of the composition to form a second mixture and agitating the second mixture, adding to the second mixture dicalcium phosphate in an amount of 1 to 50% by weight of the composition and sodium monofluoride phosphate in an amount of 0.7 to 0.8% by weight of the composition to form a third mixture and agitating the third mixture, adding to the third mixture sodium bicarbonate, in an amount of 1 to 50% by weight of the composition, gradually adding increments of a flavoring material in an amount of 0.

Abstract: Effervescent compositions in the form of tablets or powders comprising a therapeutic agent, a granulating agent, a microparticulate effervescent component and an effervescent system which dissolve rapidly in water to yield an effervescent solution containing a completely dissolved therapeutic agent and a process for their preparation.

Abstract: Foamable compositions comprising water, and a modified non-ionic cellulose ether prepared as described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,228,277 produce very stable foams. Accordingly, these compositions are suitable for use as foaming personal care products, such as hair styling mousses and foaming hand lotions and cleansers, and in other applications where stable foams are needed. In personal care products, foaming is desirably effected by an aerosol propellant included in the foamable composition.

Abstract: Effervescent granulates, particularly for the manufacture of effervescent tablets, comprising at least one solid, crystalline edible organic acid and at least one carbonate which releases carbon dioxide upon reaction with the organic acid, the acid crystals comprising a coating which contains calcium carbonate adhering to the surface of the acid crystals by means of a bonding layer formed by a reaction at the interface with the crystal of a calcium carbonate coating material. The coating is built up in multi-layers and includes at least two carbonate layers, the layer which is bonded essentially to the acid crystal being composed of calcium carbonate with the succeeding layers adhering to the carbonate layer by means of a bonding layer formed by reaction of the acid and the carbonate. The invention also deals with methods of manufacture as well as fields of use for the new effervescent granulates.

Abstract: Into a weakly acidic bath additive composition comprising a carbonate salt and an acid, a moisturizer is further incorporated. Typical examples of the moisturizer include organic acid salts such as sodium lactate; polyhydric alcohols such as propylene glycol; water-soluble polymers such as polyethylene glycol; and so on.The moisturizer functions to keep the carbon dioxide gas to stay in the bath, thereby enhances the blood circulation promoting effect of the carbon dioxide gas.

Abstract: A compressed and formed alkaline component suitable for use in a buffered aspirin product. The alkaline component is made of alkaline materials selected from the group consisting of calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide and mixtures thereof and having incorporated therein citric acid and monobasic sodium phosphate.

Abstract: Gas-emitting bath additive compositions are stably preserved over a long term. They comprise a carbonate, an organic acid, and a stabilizer which is selected from magnesium oxide, sodium aluminate and a mixture thereof. Magnesium oxide and sodium aluminate are effective to improve the preservation stability of bath additives when used in an amount of 0.1 to 1.5 wt % of the total composition.

Abstract: Described is a directly compressible formulation comprising calcium carbonate, citric acid, and a compression vehicle. In the preferred embodiment, the compression vehicle comprises a maltodextrin and lactose. The formulation can be compressed into an effervescent tablet system, which when placed in water effervesces in a relatively rapid dissolution releasing CO.sub.2 and resulting in a solution of monocalcium citrate.

Abstract: A treatment for temporary relief of pain wherein a single dose comprises the following: 4 grams calcium gluconate by injection, 1 gram Vitamin C (calcium ascorbate), 100 mg magnesium hydroxide, 50 mg Vitamin B.sub.6 (pyridoxine hydrochloride), 1 gram pantothenic acid, effervescent solution.

Abstract: A chewing gum composition adapted to supply a medicament to the oral cavity for local application thereto or for buccal absorption of said medicament which comprises a chewing gum base, an orally administrable medicament, a taste masking generator of carbon dioxide and optionally a taste bud desensitizing composition.

Abstract: Dentifrice compositions are provided having an effervescent and cleansing action. The dentifrice compositions are formed from an essentially anhydrous dentifrice base medium and an inorganic oxide material containing an adsorbed gas. Upon contact of the dentifrice composition with water, an effervescent action occurs as the gas is desorbed from the inorganic oxide material.

Abstract: The compounds represented by the following structural formula (I) ##STR1## wherein m and n are independently 1, 2 or 3; R.sub.1 is an C.sub.8 to C.sub.13 alkyl radical and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof have been found to be leukotriene antagonists and useful in the treatment of diseases in which leukotrienes are a factor, such as asthma.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for manufacturing effervescent tablets consisting in the steps of careful humidifying of the acid+base mixture, pre-drying and final drying and granulating.It has been found that these operations can be performed in a single apparatus, either integrally in fluid bed, or with vacuum-drying.

Abstract: A substantially anhydrous foamable composition capable of forming a substantially stable foam on contact with water is formed from a mixture of water soluble polysaccharide gum, an effervescent base and a biocompatible gelling salt. These compositions upon contact with water form extremely stable foams which are capable of acting as carriers for pharmaceutically active compositions.

Abstract: Bactericidal tablets are formed from compositions containing dichloroisocyanurate and carbonate compounds without the necessity for a lubricant by employing powdered succinic acid of a specified particle size.

Abstract: The invention concerns pharmaceutical compositions containing a novel oxazole derivative, calcium oxaprozin. The formulations may be for oral or other use. The oral formulations are more palatable than those containing oxaprozin itself.

Abstract: A super-fast-starting, slow release medicinal tablet, wherein the tablet is comprised of two layers of compressed matrix that are fused together by means of a readily dissolvable adhesive substance, and in which one of the layers is a lightly compressed top layer containing a pure unadulterated, uncoated, active drug and which has one or more radial grooves in it's top surface to enhance rapid breakdown of the tablet; and the other layer has a strongly compressed portion comprised of a medically inert or inactive matrix having embedded throughout a multitude of pellets, each containing an active ingredient and having enteric coatings of various thicknesses so as to variably delay disintegration of the pellets.

Abstract: A container of toothpaste comprises two portions, one containing a stabilized alkali metal bicarbonate and the other containing an acid or acid salt which is reactive with the bicarbonate to produce carbon dioxide upon simultaneous dispensing of both portions of the toothpaste. Reaction of the bicarbonate and the acidic material, and resulting effervescence are avoided during storage by maintaining the two portions of the toothpaste in separated sections of the toothpaste container, from which they may be dispensed together. Upon dispensing, as by extrusion of both portions from a collapsible tube, they contact each other with little or no effervescent reaction at the interface of the two phases, but effervesce strongly during intimate mixing of the portions during toothbrushing. Preferably the toothpaste is extruded from the tube as an attractive plural-colored striped or variegated ribbon, with the different portions being differently colored to produce the striped or other plural-colored appearance.

Abstract: The invention concerns a new anti-inflammatory agent calcium oxaprozin, its preparation and use in pharmaceutical formulations. Calcium oxaprozin is more palatable than oxaprozin itself.

Abstract: A granulated treatment-and-prophylactic dental preparation possessing anti-caries effect which comprises an abrasive substance, tartaric acid, sodium bicarbonate, a foaming agent, a flavoring agent, a binder and an anticarious substance comprising a product obtained by treatment of bone tissue with a diluted mineral acid till a complete dissolution of mineral components and water-soluble proteins contained in the bone tissue, separation of the resulting solution, dilution it with water added with a stabilizing agent citric acid or salts thereof, followed by neutralization of the solution and drying, and containing the following components, percent by weight:Calcium--2 to 6.Sodium--19 to 23.Potassium--0.04 to 0.18.Mineral acid anion--6 to 10.6.Orthophosphoric acid anion--1.5 to 5.0.Water-soluble proteins--1.0 to 5.0.Magnesium--0.05 to 0.2.Mixture of trace elements including fluorine, manganese, tin, zinc, iron--0.01 to 0.02.

Abstract: Rapidly water-disintegrable tablet is provided comprising an active ingredient such as a foodstuff or medicament, and distributed therewithin a small but effective amount of a tablet disintegrable system comprising an unreacted, intimate mixture of alginic acid and a water soluble metal carbonate in proportions reactive to form metal alginic acid salt and carbonic acid when the tablet is placed in water, the bulk of the salt acting to swell the tablet and the carbonic acid acting to simultaneously release carbon dioxide within the swelling tablet whereby rapid disintegration of the tablet is effected.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for manufacturing effervescent tablets consisting in the steps of careful humidifying of the acid+base mixture, pre-drying and final drying and granulating.It has been found that these operations can be performed in a single apparatus, either integrally in fluid bed, or with vacuum-drying.