Abstract: The invention provides a crosslinked polymer, a hydrogel, a water-based fracturing fluid comprising the same, and methods of making and using thereof. The crosslinked polymer of the invention is represented by formula (I), wherein * denotes a combining site with a polymer starting material and *? denotes an optional combining site with the polymer starting material, wherein the combining sites denoted by * and *? may be located in the same polymer molecule, or in different polymer molecules, but there are at least two combining sites located in different polymer molecules; X1 and X2, which may be the same or different, are independently an oxy (—O—) or imino (—NH—) group; X3 is an oxy (—O—) or imino (—NH—) group when *? denotes a combining site with the polymer starting material, or X3 is a halogen, NH2 or OH when *? isn't a combining site with the polymer starting material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a particularly storage-stable and thixotropically stable dental prophylaxis paste for professional tooth cleaning which is very easy to use and thoroughly cleans and polishes the teeth of the patient and causes little abrasion of natural tooth substance. Such a dental prophylaxis paste may comprise: a.) a base component comprising water and humectant, b.) a cleaning body comprising a compound based on calcium phosphate in combination with pumice, c.) a buffer component, d.) a component for controlling the rheology, e.) an additive component selected from the group consisting of stabilizers, dyes, pigments and fluoridation agents, and, as wetting agent, f.) has exclusively one or more amphoteric surfactant(s), where the buffer component c.) is based on hydrogen phosphate and keeps the pH of the prophylaxis paste, measured in a 10% suspension (w/w) of the paste in water against a pH electrode, between 7 and 8.

Abstract: A wound dressing material comprising: a wound dressing carrier, N-acetyl cysteine or a salt or derivative thereof, and a stabilized ascorbate. Suitably, the stabilized ascorbate comprises an ascorbate-2-polyphosphate. Also provided are wound dressings comprising the materials, methods of treatment with the materials, and methods of making the materials.

Abstract: The invention relates to a non-acidic Boswellia low polar gum resin extract fraction (BLPRE) in combination with biological agents for enhancing the bioavailability of the biological agents. The invention also provides composition(s) comprising a Boswellia low polar gum resin extract (BLPRE) in combination with a biological agent for increasing the bioavailability of biological agent.

Abstract: The invention features sublingual film formulations of dopamine agonists and methods of treating Parkinson's disease, tremors, restless leg syndrome, sexual dysfunction, and depressive disorders therewith.

Abstract: The present invention relates to solid pharmaceutical compositions for oral administration comprising a GLP-1 agonist, an absorption enhancer which is a salt of medium-chain fatty acid, and an enteric coating as well as uses thereof.

Abstract: A method for preparing an itraconazole formulation including: dissolving a mixture of itraconazole and L-ascorbic acid with a mixed solvent of dichloromethane and methanol, adding a hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and a pluronic F-127 and then dichloromethane into the mixed solvent to obtain a raw material solution; feeding a carbon dioxide into a crystallization autoclave in a supercritical fluid crystallization equipment system through a pressure regulating valve; spraying the solution into the crystallization autoclave via a spray nozzle, separating out composite particles from the solution and collecting the composite particles at a bottom of the crystallization autoclave, and encapsulating the composite particles to obtain a itraconazole formulation with decreased particle size and increased bioavailability.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to novel pharmaceutical composition for the administration of testosterone or testosterone derivatives. The present disclosure also provides methods of treatment of diseases and disorders associated with fear and anxiety, a decrease in libido, or hypogonadism.

Abstract: The invention provides a crosslinked polymer, a hydrogel, a water-based fracturing fluid comprising the same, and methods of making and using thereof. The crosslinked polymer of the invention is represented by formula (I), wherein * denotes a combining site with a polymer starting material and *? denotes an optional combining site with the polymer starting material, wherein the combining sites denoted by * and *? may be located in the same polymer molecule, or in different polymer molecules, but there are at least two combining sites located in different polymer molecules; X1 and X2, which may be the same or different, are independently an oxy (—O—) or imino (—NH—) group; X3 is an oxy (—O—) or imino (—NH—) group when *? denotes a combining site with the polymer starting material, or X3 is a halogen, NH2 or OH when *? isn't a combining site with the polymer starting material.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions including epinephrine nanoparticles and methods for therapeutic use of the compositions for the treatment of conditions responsive to epinephrine such as a cardiac event or an allergic reaction, particularly anaphylaxis. The epinephrine nanoparticles can be incorporated into orally-disintegrating and fast-disintegrating tablet pharmaceutical formulations and can significantly increase the sublingual bioavailability of epinephrine, and thereby reduce the epinephrine dose required. Additionally, the invention provides methods for fabrication of stabilized epinephrine nanoparticles for use in the described compositions.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of the formula (I) wherein: X1, X2 and X3 are heteroatoms; R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9 and R10 are independently selected from H, halo, —OH, —NO2, —CN and optionally substituted aliphatic, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl; and Z is optionally substituted C1-8 straight-chained or branched aliphatic, optionally containing 1 or more double or triple bonds, wherein one or more carbons are optionally replaced by R* wherein R* is optionally substituted cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl; an amino acid residue, H, —CN, —C(O)—, —C(O)C(O)—, —C(O)NR1—, —C(O)NR1NR2—, —C(O)O—, —OC(O)—, —NR1CO2—, —O—, —NR1C(O)NR2—, —OC(O)NR1—, —NR1NR2—, —NR1C(O)—, —S—, —SO—, —SO2—, —NR1—, —SO2NR1—, —NR1R2, or —NR1SO2—, wherein R1 and R2 are independently selected from H and optionally substituted aliphatic, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl; or where R* is NR1R2, R1 and R2 optionally together with the nitrogen atom form an optionally substituted 5-12 me

Abstract: A method for producing astaxanthin incorporates a method for producing astaxanthin-rich algae cells and a method for extracting astaxanthin therefrom. An initial feedstock comprises healthy algae, water, and nutrients. During a growth phase, carbon dioxide and light from a light source are supplied to the feedstock, thereby amplifying the algae. At least a portion of the nutrients remaining after amplification of the algae are separated from the amplified algae. During a stress phase, carbon dioxide and light are supplied to the amplified algae, thereby promoting production of astaxanthin by the amplified algae. The amplified algae and a cover are placed within an interior of an attrition mill having interior surfaces and media which are substantially non-reactive to astaxanthin and milled to release the astaxanthin from the algae. The cover limits oxidation of the released astaxanthin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved process for producing red iron oxide pigments by the Penniman process with nitrate (also called nitrate process or direct red process) and to apparatus for implementing this process, and also to the use of the plant for producing red iron oxide pigments by the Penniman process with nitrate.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for testosterone booster injection solutions (TBIS) that includes testosterone cypionate in synergistic combination with anastrozole are disclosed. Disclosed TBIS may be administered for treating testosterone deficiency. Disclosed TBIS is an intramuscular injection. The therapeutic dosage and protocol varies, according to the individual person. Different formulations may be designed to provide higher or lower testosterone doses.

Abstract: Methods for improving the gastrointestinal tolerability of biguanide compounds and for treating metabolic disorders and/or inducing weight loss in patients in need thereof, particularly in individuals having a contraindication for treatment with biguanide compounds, are provided comprising administering delayed release formulations of such biguanide compounds, including metformin, targeted to the small intestine.

Abstract: A method for easily producing orodispersible tablets that secure an eluting behavior of a principal agent in the digestive tract and mask unpleasant taste in the oral cavity is provided. Provided is a method for producing orodispersible tablets which includes mixing an additive to a principal agent to form principal agent particles as a granulation process, coating the principal agent particles with a coating agent to form coated particles as a coating process, and tableting the coated particles to form tablets as a tableting process, wherein the additive used in the granulation process contains a pH regulator, and the coating agent used in the coating process contains a pH-dependent polymer dissolving at pH 5 or more.

Abstract: The present specification discloses pharmaceutical compositions, methods of preparing such pharmaceutical compositions, and methods and uses of treating a chronic inflammation and/or an inflammatory disease in an individual using such pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: Controlled release and taste masking compositions containing one or more active principles inglobated in a three-component matrix structure, i.e. a structure formed by successive amphiphilic, lipophilic or inert matrices and finally inglobated or dispersed in hydrophilic matrices. The use of a plurality of systems for the control of the dissolution of the active ingredient modulates the dissolution rate of the active ingredient in aqueous and/or biological fluids, thereby controlling the release kinetics in the gastrointestinal tract.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising granules which include an inert core coated with ferric citrate. The present invention also provides methods of manufacture thereof and methods of use thereof.

Abstract: Compositions and methods comprising at least one biguanide compound and at least one statin combined with at least one additional active agent in fixed dose combinations are provided for reducing cardiometabolic risk, and for the treatment of cardiovascular disease, wherein the biguanide compound is formulated for delayed release.

Abstract: The present invention provides bacterial ATP synthase inhibitors such as a compound of formula (I): (Formula (I)) (A) in combination with an aminoglycoside antibiotic for preventing or treating a bacterial infection in a subject; or (B) (a) for preventing or treating an infection caused by an electron transport-deficient bacteria in a subject; or (b) for the disinfection, sterilization and/or antisepsis of an object contaminated with an electron transport-deficient bacteria. There are provided compositions and kits using such compounds and inhibitors.

Abstract: Disclosed in certain embodiments is a controlled release oral dosage form comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a drug susceptible to abuse together with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients; the dosage form further including a gelling agent in an effective amount to impart a viscosity unsuitable for administration selected from the group consisting of parenteral and nasal administration to a solubilized mixture formed when the dosage form is crushed and mixed with from about 0.5 to about 10 ml of an aqueous liquid; the dosage form providing a therapeutic effect for at least about 12 hours when orally administered to a human patient.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions for reducing frequency of urination are disclosed. The pharmaceutical compositions comprise one or more prostaglandin pathway inhibitors and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Also disclosed are methods of making and using the pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to synthetic oligonucleotides that are unique in that they are RNA molecules that have the capacity to form a hydrogel. Also disclosed are DNA oligonucleotides that encode the RNA oligos so that the oligos can be prepared using in vitro transcription. The disclosure further pertains to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these hydrogels.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of treatment using a solid oral pharmaceutical dosage form comprising an opioid receptor antagonist for use in the treatment of opioid induced constipation comprising the opioid antagonist equivalent to 24 mg of naloxone hydrochloride as twice daily formulation or equivalent to 48 mg of naloxone hydrochloride as once daily formulation, characterized in that the opioid antagonist has a rapid first pass metabolism with a plasma half-life of 2 hours or less in humans within the first 3 hours of oral administration of a solution, wherein the steady state pharmacokinetics result in a constant level of naloxone in the bloodstream, wherein the pharmacokinetics are independent of whether the dosage is administered once or twice daily, wherein the oral dosage form releases the opioid antagonist in a prolonged manner, wherein the in vitro release rate of the opioid antagonist measured using the paddle stirrer method according to Ph. Eur. at 75 rpm in 1000 ml 0.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a heat storage capsule capable of being readily produced and a heat storage member using the same. A heat storage capsule 10 includes a heat storage material 20 reversibly changing into a hydrate of a salt and an aqueous solution of the salt and also includes a capsule coating 22 encapsulating the heat storage material 20. The capsule coating 22 includes an inner sub-coating 24 and an outer sub-coating 26. The inner sub-coating 24 is a hydrogenated oil layer. The outer sub-coating 26 is made of a hydrophilic gel. The heat storage capsule 10 has a W/O/W three-layer structure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a capsule composition of raloxifene comprising multiparticulates, comprising a) a core comprising raloxifene; and b) a taste-masking coating present in an amount of from about 15% to about 80% w/w based on the total weight of the composition.

Abstract: Disclosed is an effervescent preparation of calcium and magnesium with additional citric acid in a defined ratio. Also disclosed is the use of these compositions to raise cardioprotective citrate and magnesium in serum to help prevent heart attacks from calcium supplements, and to provide bioavailable calcium and magnesium to prevent osteoporosis-related fractures and low blood magnesium from the use of proton pump inhibitors.

Abstract: An oral dosage form to deliver diphenhydramine through the sublingual or buccal mucosa. The oral dosage form can contain diphenhydramine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a permeability enhancer, and a buffering agent. The buffering agent can achieve a pH of about 7.0 to about 8.0. The diphenhydramine can completely dissolve within about 2 minutes.

Abstract: This invention concerns an enhanced green tea based product for oral use whereby the nutritional and health benefits of green tea, and additives which shall include some combination of flavoring, preservatives, caffeine, humectants, and water, can be ingested and absorbed by the user.

Abstract: Compositions (e.g., pharmaceutical compositions or nutraceutical compositions) comprising a benzoate compound and an excipient, wherein the excipient is tannic acid, and uses thereof for treating central nervous system disorders.

Abstract: Combinations of a first generation antihistamine for a quick onset with a maintenance dosage amount of a second or third generation antihistamine, along with an additional active agent such as a decongestant, a cough suppressant (an antitussive), a leukotriene receptor antagonist, a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, a bronchodilator, an expectorant, or a combination thereof, are disclosed. Methods of using such combinations by concomitant administration, either in the form of a single composition or multiple compositions, are further disclosed.

Abstract: Nanocrystals, compositions, and methods that aid particle transport in mucus are provided. In some embodiments, the compositions and methods involve making mucus-penetrating particles (MPP) without any polymeric carriers, or with minimal use of polymeric carriers. The compositions and methods may include, in some embodiments, modifying the surface coatings of particles formed of pharmaceutical agents that have a low water solubility. Such methods and compositions can be used to achieve efficient transport of particles of pharmaceutical agents though mucus barriers in the body for a wide spectrum of applications, including drug delivery, imaging, and diagnostic applications. In certain embodiments, a pharmaceutical composition including such particles is well-suited for administration routes involving the particles passing through a mucosal barrier.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a solid oral pharmaceutical composition comprising naloxone, or a pharmaceutical acceptable salt thereof, as an active substance, wherein the composition releases the active substance in a prolonged manner. In order to provide a composition that is suitable for an administration period of at least twelve-hours for the treatment of opioid-induced constipation, it is proposed that the composition should have an in vitro release rate of the active substance measured using the paddle stirrer method according to Ph. Eur. at 75 rpm in 500 ml 0.1 N hydrochloric acid at 37° C., of 0% to 75% in 2 h, of 3% to 95 % in 4 h, of 20% to 100% in 10 h, of 30% to 100% in 16 h, of 50% to 100% in 24 h, and of more than 80% in 36 h, wherein the composition has a IC50/Cmax value of at least 40. In an alternative embodiment, the composition can be a multilayer tablet.

Abstract: A method of treating diarrhea in a patient includes administering an H1 receptor antagonist and an H2 receptor antagonist to the patient.

Abstract: Formulations are provided for the oral administration of avanafil, a Type V phosphodiesterase inhibitor (“PDE V inhibitor”), and analogs thereof. The formulations are orally disintegrating tablets (ODTs) that rapidly dissolve or disintegrate in the oral cavity. The tablets contain an absorption enhancing composition that increases the duodenal absorption of the active agent, following transfer from the low pH environment of the stomach to the more basic pH of the duodenum. Methods for administering the active agent using the dosage forms are provided. The invention also encompasses a method of selecting components and compositions to incorporate in the formulations which will facilitate increased absorption of the active agent in the duodenum and thus serve as “absorption enhancing compositions” herein. Also provided are methods for manufacturing orally disintegrating tablets to optimize the physical properties of the dosage forms, particularly hardness and disintegration time.

Abstract: A dietary nutritional supplement that provides relief for light to moderate wine consumers who experience headaches triggered by light to moderate wine consumption. The nutritional composition consists of at least one member selected from the group of ingredients consisting of: Molybdenum, Selenium, Vitamin B1, Vitamin B2, Vitamin B3, Vitamin B6, Folic acid, Quercetin, and Vitamin E. Alternative embodiments may include nitrogreens. The ingredients for the composition form a synergy with each other to improve metabolism of wine constituents. A method of use requires six sequential weeks of administering the composition in pill form and in predetermined quantities with predetermined amounts of wine. A survey questionnaire is given to experimental subjects to help assess the efficacy of the nutritional composition.

Abstract: An edible energy tablet containing at least 80 weight % carbohydrates for consumption during exercise, is fabricated by a process including providing tablet material free of hydrophobic and/or PEG lubricants and free of CO2 sources. The tablet material includes a sucrose and dextrose mixture of 77-95 wt. %, maltodextrin of 2-13 wt. %, an edible soluble oil of 0.2-2.0 wt. %, and an edible acid of 1-4 wt. %. The tablet material is introduced to a tablet press that alternately moves first and second punches towards and away from one another to compress the tablet material to form and release a tablet. A punch cleaner engaged with the first and second punches removes tablet material from the punches after tablet release. The tablet has a diameter of 1.2 to 3.8 cm, a thickness of 0.6 cm to 2.3 cm, and a resistance to breakage forces of 8.5 to 30 kilopounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to organic salts of Saxagliptin and processes for their preparation.

Abstract: A method of delivering a daily dose of hydroxycitric acid in the form of a salt as a single bolus that is as effective or more so than the same amount of active delivered via two or three administrations (b.i.d. or t.i.d.) using current delivery modalities. The method reduces the rate of occurrence of common adverse events with hydroxycitric acid salts, and reduces the occurrence of reverse effects on diets high in fat and/or alcohol. The method improves the uptake of the active compound thereby reducing the dose required.

Abstract: There is provided a complex comprising rifaximin and a complexing agent, wherein the complexing agent is a polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) or a cyclodextrin. There is also provided a process for preparing the complex, a pharmaceutical composition including the complex and therapeutic uses of the complex.

Abstract: An oral disintegrating tablet containing (1) D-mannitol, (2) an active ingredient, (3) one or more disintegrating agents selected from the group consisting of crospovidone and carmellose, and (4) one or more lubricants selected from the group consisting of sodium stearyl fumarate and sucrose esters of fatty acids. The oral disintegrating tablet of the present invention has some excellent properties of (1) allowing easy production in a common facility without necessitating a specialized pharmaceutical technique, (2) having an appropriate strength that does not breakdown in the process of distribution, (3) having a fast disintegrating ability in the oral cavity, and (4) also having excellent ingestion feel such as greatly reduced bitterness or gritty feel; therefore, the tablet can be suitably used as a dosage form that is suitable for aged individuals, children, and seriously ill patients.

Abstract: Controlled release oral dosage forms are provided for the continuous, sustained administration of a pharmacologically active agent to the upper gastrointestinal tract of a patient in whom the fed mode as been induced. The majority of the agent is delivered, on an extended release basis, to the stomach, duodenum and upper regions of the small intestine, with drug delivery in the lower gastrointestinal tract and colon substantially restricted. The dosage form comprises a matrix of a biocompatible, hydrophilic, erodible polymer with an active agent incorporated therein, wherein the polymer is one that both swells in the presence of water and gradually erodes over a time period of hours, with swelling and erosion commencing upon contact with gastric fluid, and drug release rate primarily controlled by erosion rate.

Abstract: There is provided a natural antimicrobial including a mixture of tree essential oils, soybean oil, and a residual hydrocarbon extract extracted from a rutaceae plant, wherein the mixture is supported in a supporter, and an article including the antimicrobial are provided. The antimicrobial is comprised of only natural materials, so it is harmless to human beings and environmentally friendly. Also, in the antimicrobial, tree essential oils is supported together with soybean carrier oil in a supporter, and thus, volatility of tree essential oils is controlled by the soybean oil, whereby the tree essential oils is naturally emitted to have an effective antibiosis for a long period of time. Thus, extra power, driving device (e.g., a fan), or the like, is not required to emit the tree essential oils. In addition, the antimicrobial is actively emitted in the air, having efficacy of continuously annihilate bacteria, virus, or the like.

Abstract: Disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising HIV integrase strand transfer inhibitor. More particularly, oral pharmaceutical compositions of raltegravir or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts and process for preparing and use of the same are disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are pharmaceutical compositions comprising a plurality of first beads each comprising: a core; a first layer comprising pilocarpine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and a second layer comprising a first polymer. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising a plurality of second beads each comprising: a core; and a first layer comprising tolterodine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Further disclosed are pharmaceutical formulations comprising: a) a plurality of the first beads; b) a plurality of the second beads; or c) a plurality of the first beads and a plurality of the second beads.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for treating conditions associated with a chemosensory receptor, including diabetes, obesity, and other metabolic diseases, disorders or conditions by administrating a composition comprising a chemosensory receptor ligand, such as a bitter receptor ligand. Also provided herein are chemosensory receptor ligand compositions, including bitter receptor ligand compositions, and methods for the preparation thereof for use in the methods of the present invention. Also provided herein are compositions comprising metformin and salts thereof and methods of use.

Abstract: The formulation for oral administration of the present invention containing Mosapride or its salt is a double layer formulation consisting of a fast-release layer for rapid release of a drug and a sustained-release layer for slow release in order to simultaneously satisfy the rapid exhibition of pharmacological activities and sustained maintenance of pharmacological activities for 24 hours, wherein the high-viscosity hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and the low-viscosity HPMC are used in mixture such that the content of a high viscosity HPMC as a controlled-release matrix within the sustained-release layer has a higher content, thereby capable of controlling the dissolution rate in the regions having different pH values within the gastrointestinal tract and/or the retention time in the gastrointestinal tract.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions comprising a lipophilic local anaesthetic, preferably bupivacaine or a pharmaceutically active salt thereof, which are formulated for local administration to the mouth or throat of a subject. The compositions are useful in the treatment or alleviation of pain, burning or xerostomia of the oral cavity, pharynx, oral mucosa and pharyngeal mucosa or for use in providing local anesthesia of the oral cavity, pharynx, oral mucosa and pharyngeal mucosa. In particular in the treatment of pain, burning or xerostomia, which is caused by a disease such as oral mucositis, Burning Mouth Syndrome, Sjogren's syndrome, xerostomia, periodontitis, toothache, tonsillectomy, throat infection or mononucleosis, canker sores and aphthous stomatitis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions and methods of manufacturing the same, comprising a eutectic of Cyclobenzaprine HCl and mannitol or Amitriptyline HCl and mannitol.