Abstract: This invention is referred to the field of medicine, namely preventative treatment, and may be used as a means of synergetic minimization of negative impact of flights on human health (brain, stomach, lungs, blood vessels, heart etc.) with application of known substances and medicines with newly discovered pharmacological properties in new conditions. The ultimate technical solution of this invention would be synergetic minimization of negative impact of flying on human health without foot swelling, belching, jet-lag, tiredness and fatigue etc. The claimed technical result is achieved by the method of synergetic minimization of negative impact of air flights on human health, including consumption of substances that improve osmotic concentration of blood plasma, in the form of oral rehydration solution, split into two intakes as a minimum, first intake in the amount of at least 0.3 liters up to 1 liter before boarding and further during the flight from half an hour to 2 hours at least 0.

Abstract: Methods and systems for processing and conditioning red blood cells are disclosed. The methods and systems may be used to make a readily transfusible red blood cell product with reduced plasma. In general, the plasma content of the supernatant of the red blood cell product is no greater than about 15%. The red blood cell products are prepared using the disclosed methods and systems remain transfusible for up to 42 days.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a composition comprising red cell-derived microparticles (RMPs) demonstrating acetylcholine esterase (AchE) activity of less than 350 pmol/min/106 particles/uL. The disclosure further provides a method of treating excessive bleeding comprising administering the composition to a subject.

Abstract: A lysis/resealing process for preparing erythrocytes containing active ingredient is provided comprising placing a globular concentrate in suspension in an isotonic solution having a haematocrit level which is equal to or greater than 65%, with refrigeration at 1 to 8° C.; measuring the osmotic fragility based on a sample of erythrocytes from that same globular concentrate, preferably on a sample of the suspension; lysis and internalization procedure of the active ingredient, inside the same chamber, at a temperature maintained at 1 to 8° C., comprising allowing the erythrocyte suspension having a haematocrit level equal to or greater than 65% and a hypotonic lysis solution which is refrigerated at 1 to 8° C., to circulate in a dialysis cartridge; the lysis parameters being adjusted in accordance with the osmotic fragility previously measured; and resealing in a second chamber at a temperature of from 30 to 40° C. by means of a hypertonic solution.

Abstract: Methods and a system for transfusing blood to a mammalian subject. The method includes obtaining a volume of donated red blood cells (RBCs), adding an enhancement composition to the RBCs to form a treated blood composition, incubating the treated blood composition to form an incubated blood composition, and administering the incubated blood composition to a patient. The system includes a functionally-closed, sterile Y-type tube set.

Abstract: A ribose-related compound is added to whole blood or packed red cells which have suboptimal function as measured by decreased levels of 2,3-DPG in order to rejuvenate the red blood cells to normal function as seen by raised levels of 2,3-DPG. Two representative ribose-related compounds are D-ribose and inosine.

Abstract: A method of expanding hematopoietic stem cells. Also disclosed is a method of diagnosing primary or secondary bone marrow failure syndrome. The invention further includes a method of treating primary or secondary bone marrow failure syndrome.

Abstract: A sub-atmospheric, negative pressure is applied to a growth factor starting material, such as whole blood, to release growth factors and plasma in a non-destructive medium. The released growth factors having a weight of about 70-76 kDaltons are applied in either a filtered or unfiltered state to a wound to promote healing of the wound. The released growth factors are applied topically to the area of a surface wound to effect healing. The released growth factors are also injected into soft tissue, such as a torn tendon, to promote tissue growth and healing. The growth factors are released in one method from a patient's own blood. In another method the growth factors are released from a whole blood source and freeze dried by conventional lyophilization. Then at a later date, the freeze dried product is reconstituted by normal saline for treatment of a patient's wound or for use in a surgical procedure.

Abstract: Red blood cells can be used as effective drug delivery systems when they contain proteins that do not readily diffuse out and which form affinity complexes with the desired drug.

Abstract: The present invention describes blood cells chemically coupled with immunodominant myelin peptides and their use in the treatment of Multiple Sclerosis.

Abstract: Red blood cell membrane derived microparticles (RMP) are safe, economical, effective hemostatic agents in the treatment of a wide range of bleeding conditions and can, therefore, be considered as universal hemostatic agents. Effective RMP are produced from red blood cells using a high-pressure extrusion membrane shear process. The RMP can be lyophilized after production and retain activity even when stored at room temperature. RMP can be administered to original donors (autologous treatment), thus avoiding transfusion complications, or can be administered to blood type compatible recipients. RMP produced from type O, Rh negative red cells can be given to any person regardless of blood type. RMP can be administered to reduce excessive bleeding resulting from trauma, surgeries, invasive procedures and various bleeding disorders such as platelet disorders, either congenital or acquired, and coagulation disorders, either congenital or acquired.

Abstract: Bone cages are disclosed including devices for biocompatible implantation. The structures of bone are useful for providing living cells and tissues as well as biologically active molecules to subjects.

Abstract: The invention relates to a medicinal product for topical use for the promotion of wound healing, which comprises thrombocytes or thrombocyte fragments, wherein the thrombocytes or thrombocyte fragments contain growth factors and are capable of releasing the same and are present in the lyophilized or deep-frozen state and have been subjected to a process for virus partitioning and/or virus inactivation.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of preparing dehydrated blood products, comprising the steps of: (a) providing a hydrated blood product; (b) spray-drying the hydrated blood product to produce a dehydrated blood product, as well as dehydrated blood products made by the method. The present invention is directed to a method of treating a patient suffering from a blood-related disorder, comprising the steps of: (a) rehydrating a therapeutic amount of the dehydrated blood products to produce a rehydrated therapeutic composition; and (b) administering the rehydrated therapeutic composition to the patient. The present invention is directed to a bandage or surgical aid comprising the dehydrated blood products described above.

Abstract: Compositions comprising membrane-derived and synthetic microparticles that induce platelet aggregation and are useful for treating bleeding disorders, particularly those involving platelet dysfunction. Microparticles include endothelial derived microparticles (EMP), platelet derived microparticles (PMP), erythrocyte derived microparticles (RMP), and synthetic microparticles (SMP), and are used to treat disorders such as thrombocytopenia caused by chemotherapy.

Abstract: Described herein is the finding that a mutant form of human neuroglobin (H64L) with a stable five-coordinate geometry reduces nitrite to nitric oxide approximately 2000-times faster than the wild type neuroglobin. Five-coordinate neuroglobin is also capable of binding and releasing oxygen. Based on these findings, the use of five-coordinate neuroglobin as a blood substitute is described herein. Particularly provided is a method of replacing blood and/or increasing oxygen delivery to tissues in a subject by administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of neuroglobin with a stable five-coordinate geometry. In some cases, five-coordinate neuroglobin is administered in combination with another therapeutic agent or composition, such as a second blood replacement product (for example, a hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier), a blood product (such as red blood cells, serum or plasma) or whole blood.

Abstract: D-Ribose, a buffer and an anticoagulant are added to whole blood or packed red cells to extend function in storage beyond 42 days. Methods are disclosed to rejuvenate suboptimally functional red cells. The methods are comprised of incubation of the cells at 37° C. for 10 to 60 minutes in the presence of D-ribose.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions (blood sugar increase inhibitors) that have an action of lowering the blood sugar level of a subject in a hyperglycemic condition and are for use in lowering the blood sugar level of such a subject. Moreover, the present invention provides compositions for use in preventing or treating diseases resulting from hyperglycemia, in particular, diabetes and diabetic complications, due to the aforementioned action (a preventive or ameliorative composition for diseases resulting from hyperglycemia, an antidiabetic agent).

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the preparation of an essentially tetramer-free, substantially stroma-free, polymerized, pyridoxylated hemoglobin. Also disclosed is an essentially tetramer-free, substantially stroma-free, polymerized, pyridoxylated hemoglobin product capable of being infused into human patients in an amount of up to about 5 liters.

Abstract: A substantially tetramer free hemoglobin solution and a method for producing a substantially tetramer free hemoglobin solution. The method includes polymerizing a solution of hemoglobin, treating the polymerized hemoglobin solution to partially degrade the polymer to tetramer and removing tetramer from the hemoglobin solution.

Abstract: Methods for treating a mammal suffering from massive blood loss comprising administering to the mammal a polymerized hemoglobin solution.

Abstract: A method of treatment of a patient includes administering to the patient stored red blood cells and a hemoglobin solution. The stored red blood cells and the hemoglobin solution can be administered to the patient simultaneously. Alternatively, the hemoglobin solution can be administered to the patient prior to administrating the stored red blood cells or the stored red blood cells can be administered to the patient prior to administering the hemoglobin solution. A composition of the invention includes stored red blood cells and a hemoglobin solution.

Abstract: A therapeutic product formed from a high concentration of white blood cells having a high degree of cell viability. The white blood cells are sequestered from their normal population presence in whole blood by placing the blood into a container and preventing coagulation of the blood, separating the blood into two components, one of which is extremely rich in white blood cells through the use of a reagent and centrifugation, sequestering the white cell concentration, and freezing the white cells.

Abstract: It has been discovered that there are at least two significant antigens present on the cells of animal species such as pigs that elicit an immune or inflammatory response immediately upon implantation into humans or contact with human serum. The first is an ?-galactosyl (Gal) epitope, for example, Gal?(1->3)Gal?(1->4)GlcNac (linear B type 2) or Gal?(1->3) Gal?(1->4)Glc (linear B type 6). The second is an N-glycolylneuraminic acid (NeuGc) structure. By eliminating these epitopes, preferably by genetically engineering the animal so that the epitope is either not produced or is greatly reduced, or by chemical or enzymatic treatment of the animal's cells to remove the epitopes, it is possible to produce organs, tissues and cells suitable for xenotransplantation into humans.

Abstract: A substantially tetramer free hemoglobin solution and a method for producing a substantially tetramer free hemoglobin solution. The method includes polymerizing a solution of hemoglobin, treating the polymerized hemoglobin solution to partially degrade the polymer to tetramer and removing tetramer from the hemoglobin solution.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for treating fluids to inactivate microorganisms which may be present therein, said fluid containing one or more components selected from the group consisting of protein, blood and blood constituents are provided. The methods comprise adjusting the percentage of plasma in said fluid to a desired value; mixing an inactivation-effective, substantially non-toxic amount of an endogenous photosensitizer or endogenously-based derivative photosensitizer to said fluid; exposing said fluid to photoradiation of sufficient wavelength and energy to activate the photosensitizer, whereby said microorganisms are inactivated.

Abstract: Red blood cells are purified by separating whole blood, such as by centrifugation, to form a red blood cell fraction and a liquid fraction. The whole blood can be defibrinated or treated to prevent coagulation prior to separation. Preferably, the whole blood is bovine blood. The red blood cell fraction is then diafiltered to purify the red blood cells. The purified red blood cells can then be lysed to form a lysate of purified red blood cells. The purified red blood cells and the lysate of purified red blood cells are suitable for use in producing hemoglobin blood substitute.

Abstract: A method of treatment of a patient includes administering to the patient stored red blood cells and a hemoglobin solution. The stored red blood cells and the hemoglobin solution can be administered to the patient simultaneously. Alternatively, the hemoglobin solution can be administered to the patient prior to administrating the stored red blood cells or the stored red blood cells can be administered to the patient prior to administering the hemoglobin solution. A composition of the invention includes stored red blood cells and a hemoglobin solution.

Abstract: A hematology control composition and method of making the composition is provided. The control employs a plurality of components including a synthetic plasma component, a red blood cell component, a platelet component and a leukocyte component. The leukocyte component includes at least one subpopulation having particles derived from other than white blood cells.

Abstract: Red blood cells are purified by separating whole blood, such as by centrifugation, to form a red blood cell fraction and a liquid fraction. The whole blood can be defibrinated or treated to prevent coagulation prior to separation. Preferably, the whole blood is bovine blood. The red blood cell fraction is then diafiltered to purify the red blood cells. The purified red blood cells can then be lysed to form a lysate of purified red blood cells. The purified red blood cells and the lysate of purified red blood cells are suitable for use in producing hemoglobin blood substitute.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the preparation of an essentially tetramer-free, substantially stroma-free, polymerized, pyridoxylated hemoglobin. Also disclosed is an essentially tetramer-free, substantially stroma-free, polymerized, pyridoxylated hemoglobin product capable of being infused into human patients in an amount of up to about 5 liters.

Abstract: Dental bleaching compositions are made with a bleaching agent and a stable radiant-energy absorbing compound that acts as a bleaching agent activator. The dental bleaching compositions of the present invention can be one-part, pre-mixed compositions that do not require mixing at the time of treating a patient's teeth but which remain stable over time. The bleaching agent may consist of hydrogen peroxide, either in aqueous form or complexed with urea (carbamide peroxide) or sodium perborate. The bleaching agent activator includes hydrocarbons that are stable in the presence of the bleaching agent, which do not prematurely accelerate liberation of the bleaching agent, but which allow for selective activation of the bleaching agent by irradiation of the bleaching composition with radiant energy.

Abstract: A method of quality control to diagnose the cause of a malfunction of an instrument. The method uses measurements of the physical property of a sample to diagnose the cause of a malfunction of an instrument. The spatial position of a control product sample is analyzed. Alternatively, the spatial position of a statistically significant number of patient blood samples can be used. The method enables the monitoring of an instrument for problems associated with debris and noise caused by red cell lysis inefficiency; instrument reagents pump volume settings; instrument laser alignments; instrument gain settings; and flow noise caused by partial plugs, residual plugs or other flow problems. The method provides a more specific indication of the type and cause of an instrument malfunctioning than non specific flagging provided by prior art methods.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the preparation of an essentially tetramerfree, substantially stromafree, polymerized, pyridoxylated hemoglobin. Also disclosed is an essentially tetramerfree, substantially stromafree, polymerized, pyridoxylated hemoglobin product capable of being infused into human patients in an amount of up to about 5 liters.

Abstract: The invention relates to a medicinal product for topical use for the promotion of wound healing, which comprises thrombocytes or thrombocyte fragments, wherein the thrombocytes or thrombocyte fragments contain growth factors and are capable of releasing the same and are present in the lyophilized or deep-frozen state and have been subjected to a process for virus partitioning and/or virus inactivation.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the production of immune-genetically active suspensions of which the initial substances are fluids or tissues from the human or animal body. Autohemotherapy, immune-stimulatory and/or immune-suppressive effects are employed. The suspensions thus produced can be used as pooled sera as desired.

Abstract: A system dynamically adjusts the delivery rate of a cryopreservation solution to red blood cells to permit freezing. The delivery rate is preferably determined according to an equation that maintains a linear change of red blood cell osmolarity over time so as to prevent osmolarity shock of the red blood cells. In the preferred embodiment, the system includes a controller that is preconfigured to automatically deliver the cryopreservation solution to the red blood cells in accordance with the equation. The system may also support the recovery of thawed red blood cells by diluting the red blood cells and washing them of the cryopreservative. Again, the system preferably adjusts the delivery rate of a dilution solution so as to prevent osmolarity shock of the red blood cells during the recovery phase. The recovered red blood cells may be suspended in a preservation solution to further increase their shelf-life following the recovery phase.

Abstract: This invention is directed to methods of manufacturing implantable biocompatible cell encapsulation devices, wherein the cell encapsulation devices have a jacket made of a permeable, biocompatible material that is loaded with a core made of a reticulate foam scaffold having interconnected pores, with cells that are dispersed in the interconnected pores.

Abstract: A method for fractionating red blood cells of human blood into three fractions comprises following steps; (a) human blood sample is mixed with dextran aqueous solution and maintained stationarily for 60 to 75 min to fractionate this blood sample into three layers; (b) the upper, intermediate, and lower layer samples are individually separated and collected; and (c) the upper layer sample is treated with hypotonic solution for a short period and then added with hypertonic solution. Further the invention provides antibacterial or bacterial proliferation inhibitory material produced by the method. This method can easily fractionate three different blood fractions including red blood cells as a main component and having different functions. These three different fractions can be applied to several clinical tests such as antibacterial test and the like.

Abstract: A method using diafiltration to prepare a blood product is described. The method removes contaminating plasma proteins from whole blood or blood products. Diafiltration may be used on paraformaldehyde-fixed platelets to remove formaldehyde to undetectable levels, and to suspend the platelets into a formulation buffer suitable for subsequent treatment, such as lyophilization. The manufacturing procedure can be divided into three steps, a first diafiltration, fixation, preferably with paraformaldehyde, and a second diafiltration. In the first step, plasma proteins are removed from fresh or stored platelets or blood cells. The technique is gentle to prevent the activation and aggregation of the platelets. Fixation stabilizes the platelets to withstand freezing, lyophilization and subsequent reconstitution, and also provides a viral and bacterial reduction.

Abstract: A method of treating a mammal suffering from hypotension by administering intermolecularly- or intramolecularly-crosslinked stroma-free hemoglobin to the mammal.

Abstract: Pyruvate kinase deficiency is a blood disease characterized by hemolytic anemia. PCR analysis of cDNA leukocytic extracts of patients with hereditary pyruvate kinase deficiency anemia revealed two overexpressed markers when compared to extracts from healthy individuals. These two markers, proposed as human markers A and B and associated with hereditary hemolytic anemia, have been cloned (HUMDNAMA and HUMDNAMB, Gen Bank Association numbers M64700 and M64701). Our attention has focused on human DNA marker B, a 451 bp open-reading frame. The marker has been cloned in the bacteria vector pGEX-2TK and the expressed protein, called HMF (hemolytic anemia related factor), has been tested for biological activity. It has been observed that the HMF-glutathione transferase fusion protein, added to freshly prepared leukocytes cultures, has an immediate cytotoxic effect and a delayed lymphoblastic effect. The lymphoblastic effect is greatly enhanced when erythrocytes are added to the leucocytes.

Abstract: Therapeutic treatment of septic shock comprises administering to an animal stroma-free hemoglobin, typically at a dose ranging from the least amount effective to increase perfusion, up to a dosage of about 2500 milligrams kilograms per of body weight.

Abstract: A method for increasing perfusion in a mammal suffering from cardiogenic shock by administering a perfusion-increasing effective amount of intermolecularly- or intramolecularly-crosslinked stroma-free hemoglobin to the mammal.

Abstract: A method diagnosing Alzheimer's disease in a patient includes analyzing conformational changes in a band 3 protein of the patient yielding a time course of the conformational changes. One approach includes analyzing conformational changes in a band 3 protein by measuring band 3 Cl.sup.- /HCO.sub.3.sup.- exchange over time. In this approach a double exponential function is solved for two rate constant estimates by fitting the double exponential function to the time course. At least one of the rate constant estimates is used to determine whether the patient has Alzheimer's disease. A second approach includes analyzing conformational changes in a band 3 protein by measuring the emission spectrum of a stilbene bound to band 3, which emission changes in response to band 3 conformational changes. In this approach, a single exponential function is solved for a parameter by fitting the single exponential function to the time course obtained.

Abstract: A method for increasing perfusion in a mammal suffering from stroke by admninistering a perfusion-increasing effective amount of intermolecularly- or intramolecularly-crosslinked stroma-free hemoglobin to the mammal.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for inactivating parasites in blood cell-containing compositions by incubating a mixture of the blood cell-containing composition, a phthalocyanine dye and a quencher and optionally irradiating this mixture with red light. This invention further relates to a method of sterilizing blood cell-containing compositions which contain lipid enveloped viruses and blood borne parasites.

Abstract: Reference controls comprised of aldehyde-fixed white blood cells stabilized red blood cells and simulated blood platelets exhibiting a white blood cell histogram profile that is substantially that of whole blood are obtained by the addition of a lipoprotein to the control and an antioxidant to inhibit lysis of stabilized red blood cells by said lipoprotein.

Abstract: A method for enriching rare cell populations from a whole blood sample by separating rare cell fractions from whole blood sample according to the relative charge density and/or the relative binding affinity for a leukocyte depletion solid phase matrix is described. The enrichment method may be operated stand alone, or as a pre or post-processing step in conjunction with a charge-flow separation method.

Abstract: A cyanide-free lytic reagent composition and method for measuring the total hemoglobin concentration in a blood sample, for counting the number of leukocytes and for deferential counting of leukocyte subpopulations are described. The cyanide-free lytic reagent composition cotains a quaternary ammonium salt or a pyridinium salt to lyse erythrocytes and release hemoglobin, and an organic ligand including triazole and its derivatives, tetrazole and its derivatives, alkaline metal salts of oxonic acid, melamine, aniline-2-sulfonic acid, quinaldic acid, 2-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole, triazine and its derivatives, urazole, DL-pipecolinic acid, isonicotinamide, anthranilonitrile, 6-aza-2-thiothymine, 3-(2-thienyl)acrylic acid, benzoic acid and alkali metal and ammonium salts of benzoic acid, and pyrazine and its derivatives to form a stable chromogen with hemoglobin, and a salt to adjust conductivity of the reagent for impedance measurement.