Abstract: Method and apparatus for producing thermoplastic resin film which allows a biaxially oriented polyester film to be formed at a high speed of 400 m/min or more. In the method, a molten thermoplastic resin film is brought into contact with a cooling medium, to be cooled and solidified, for producing a cast film. The method is characterized by keeping the surface temperature of the cooling medium in the region immediately before the melt reaching position at not lower than the glass transition temperature and not higher than the melting point of the thermoplastic resin. The apparatus is characterized by a cooling medium having a heater and a cooler to ensure that the surface temperature of the cooling medium in the region immediately before the melt reaching position is kept at the requisite temperature, and by a surface temperature of the cooling drum in the region immediately before the film leaving position being maintained lower than the glass transition temperature of the thermoplastic resin.

Abstract: A partition member having partition walls arranged in a lattice is disposed in the vicinity of an upper surface of a molten metal mass. The upper surface is divided by the partition walls into a multiplicity of segmental surfaces. A forming starter member is brought into contact with the partition member so that the molten material adheres to a starter surface of the forming starter member, and is then separated from the partition member. The molten metal is drawn from each of the segmental surfaces, and the drawn metal is solidified to form a piece which has a cross sectional shape corresponding to the shape of the starter surface. With the use of forming starter members having respective starter surfaces which are different in shape from each other, it is possible to form pieces having various cross sectional shapes which correspond to the shapes of the starter surfaces.

Abstract: A process and apparatus is provided for automatically and continuously producing a mass of moldings. A continuous molding is manufactured by injecting a solid solution in order of precedence into a plurality of molds circulating in a line along an endless track and by solidifying the injected solution. The solution is preferably vinyl chloride resin or another synthetic resin. After the solution solidifies the mold is automatically removed from the molding. The continuous molding consists of a number of moldings open at the bottoms and connected end to end by a top plate, molded at the same time.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a casting apparatus for formation of a resin-made membrane, which comprises a temperature adjusting unit (a temperature sensor, a heating wire type heater and a temperature controller) whereby an inner wall surface temperature of a suction chamber can be set to a desired temperature. Thus, if a design is made to prevent the temperature of the inner wall surface of the suction chamber from dropping, no contamination of the inner wall of the suction chamber by a volatile matter occurs, so that it is possible to prevent the volatile matter from dropping onto a cooling roll to make a membrane dirty.

Abstract: A process and device for the stable widthwise regulation of the bulb angle in connection with the extrusion of sheets of heat-sensitive plastic (2) in an extrusion device with a calender opening formed by two intake rollers (3, 2) and a traversing measuring device (7) provided according to the calender slot by altering positioning elements on the extrusion device. At least two traversing measurements of a parameter correlating with the bulb angle are started consecutively on the heat-sensitive plastic sheet synchronously with the positioning of one of the two calender rollers. Like measurement conditions therefore exist and the deviation of the measured values obtained on the basis of the measurements in relation to specified expected values is used to regulate the bulb angle over its width by altering a setting element on the extrusion device.

Abstract: Multilayer meltblown fibrous webs, as well as apparatus and methods of forming the webs. The webs are produced on a rotating collector that also moves parallel to its longitudinal axis. The webs are thus formed in a helical process, and the resulting tubular web is separated in a direction parallel to a helix angle. By separating the tubular web in a direction parallel to the helix angle, a flat multilayer meltblown fibrous web is provided that allows for incorporation of feathered edges formed during the article's manufacture.

Abstract: An extrusion device for tires has a heatable extruder for extruding and supplying an elastomer to a prepared and rotatably supported carcass being rotated in a direction of rotation for entraining the extruded elastomer. The extruder has at least one die mouth facing a carcass sidewall. The mouth is a slot having a width and a length. The width extends in a direction of rotation of the carcass and is delimited by an upper and a lower edge. The length extends radially across the carcass sidewall. The slot has an outlet opening defining an area whose normal is slanted toward the carcass sidewall such that in the direction of rotation the upper edge of the slot is closer to the carcass sidewall than the lower edge of the slot.

Abstract: Substantially constant tension is maintained on a melt-blown nonwoven fibrous sheet by mounting the sheet take-up roller for longitudinal movements relative so as to accommodate the increasing diameter of the sheet material being wound convolutely on the take-up roller. Sheet tension during production is thereby maintained substantially constant by virtue of a continual increase in the longitudinal distance (in relation to the machine direction) between the fiber collection mandrel and the take-up roll. Preferably, tension control is achieved by a pneumatic pressure-regulating system which includes at least one rotatable press roller which is longitudinally fixed in position relative to the collection mandrel and is in contact with the sheet material being wound around the take-up roll. The take-up roller is pneumatically advanced toward the press roller by the pneumatic actuation of at least one air cylinder.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for producing an oriented plastic strap having a predetermined desired thickness and flatness characteristics for use in connection with the strapping of packages or the like, is disclosed. A sheet workpiece is conducted into a nip defined between a pair of opposed milling and stretching rollers wherein one of the rollers is rotated at a lineal surface velocity which is greater than the lineal surface velocity of the other roller, and the rollers are rotated in opposite directions. One of the rollers effectively brakes or retards one of the surfaces of the sheet workpiece while the other one of the rollers effectively accelerates the other one of the surfaces of the sheet workpiece as the workpiece passes through the nip defined between the rollers whereby the workpiece is simultaneously milled and stretched.

Abstract: In a for the production of biaxially stretched films, a take-off roll 4 is arranged downstream of a draw-off roll 3 . A plastic melt is formed into an initial film by means of a slot die 1, cooled on the draw-off roll 3 and passed over the take-off roll 4 which has a predetermined surface roughness. The film is then biaxially stretched and heat-set.

Abstract: A molded surface fastener comprises: a substrate sheet; and a multiplicity of engaging elements standing on one surface of the substrate sheet, each of the engaging elements being composed of a stem rising from the one surface of the substrate sheet, and an engaging head projecting from an upper end of the stem for detachably engaging a companion loop. After a surface fastener is manufactured on a die wheel by continuous injection molding as a primary-intermediate surface fastener, a heating and pressing roller disposed downstream of the die wheel presses the engaging head, while heating, to bend the engaging head from the stem and, at the same time, to form a pair of protuberances projecting in opposite directions from opposite side edges of the top of the engaging head perpendicularly with respect to a direction lengthwise of the engaging head.

Abstract: An apparatus for molding a continuous foamed plastic element, such as a floor element having a substantially parallelepipedic central body and at least one side lug, includes a mold in which respective molding cavities of the central body and of the side lug are defined between a bottom wall, a pair of opposite side walls and a cover. A mechanism adjustably positions at least one of the cover and one or both of the side walls of the mold, away from and towards the bottom wall, to regulate, in an adjustable and substantially continuous manner, the height of the molding cavities for at least one of the central body and the at least one side lug of the continuous element.

Abstract: This details a production method for a blade for electrophotographic devices, made of thermosetting type polyurethane, including the steps of mixing and stirring the liquid polyurethane prepolymer which is a raw material component for a thermosetting type polyurethane polymer and the liquid crosslinking agent, discharging the mixture thereof into a die having a concave cross section in a molding drum, heating it via an endless belt which is in contact with the outer peripheral face of the molding drum and runs with the rotation of the drum 20 to continuously mold a banded blade molding S having a prescribed width, and cutting the blade molding to a prescribed length after cooling it down.

Abstract: A high-quality molded surface fastener is manufactured by extruding molten thermoplastic resin, in a predetermined width, from an extrusion nozzle to a circumferential surface of a die wheel having a multiplicity of engaging-element-forming cavities, driving the die wheel for rotation, and molding a multiplicity of engaging elements integrally with a plate-like substrate sheet. At the same time, pseudo elements are molded integrally with the substrate sheet along opposite side edges, using pseudo-element-forming cavities in opposite side circumferential surfaces of the die wheel simultaneously. With the pseudo elements, the molded surface fastener is peeled off the die wheel under a uniform peeling force through the entire width of the substrate sheet. Thus the high-quality surface fastener can be obtained.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing an oriented plastic strap having a predetermined desired thickness and flatness characteristics for use in connection with the strapping of packages or the like, is disclosed. A sheet workpiece is conducted into a nip defined between a pair of opposed milling and stretching rollers wherein one of the rollers is rotated at a lineal surface velocity which is greater than the lineal surface velocity of the other roller, and the rollers are rotated in opposite directions. One of the rollers effectively brakes or retards one of the surfaces of the sheet workpiece while the other one of the rollers effectively accelerates the other one of the surfaces of the sheet workpiece as the workpiece passes through the nip defined between the rollers whereby the workpiece is simultaneously milled and stretched.

Abstract: Foamed plastic is applied on a roof substrate by progressively dispensing expandable plastic foam material on the substrate along a path and progressively confining the vertical and lateral expansion of the material along the path and relative to the substrate. Apparatus for applying the foamed plastic comprises a platform having opposite ends and opposite sides having an endless belt supported on the platform for displacement relative thereto in the direction between the opposite ends. The belt is supported above the roof substrate by laterally spaced rails or by tracks on the belt, and a motor is provided on the platform for driving the belt to move the platform along the path. A dispensing gun is supported on the front end of the platform for dispensing expandable plastic foam material onto the substrate ahead of the belt and vertical and lateral expansion of the material is confined by the belt and rails or tracks as the platform moves along the path.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to a new apparatus and method for in-situ green sheet slitting. More particularly, the invention encompasses an apparatus and method that uses a modified green sheet slitting machine so that it can provide an in-situ slitting of green sheets that result in a plurality of separate green sheets rolls or strips.

Abstract: A process and a system for the continuous manufacture of polymeric foams. Reactive chemical components and additives comprising a low boiling blowing agent are mixed under pressure; the mixture is then frothed before chemical reaction takes place by feeding the mixture through a pressure equalizing and frothing device having a pressure-drop zone opening into a frothing cavity having an output aperture to discharge the froth onto a moving substrate.

Abstract: A process and a system for the continuous manufacture of polymeric foams. Reactive chemical components and additives comprising a low boiling blowing agent are mixed under pressure; the mixture is then frothed before chemical reaction takes place by feeding the mixture through a pressure equalizing and frothing device having a pressure-drop zone opening into a frothing cavity having an output aperture to discharge the froth onto a moving substrate.

Abstract: A process and a system for the continuous manufacture of polymeric foams. Reactive chemical components and additives comprising a low boiling blowing agent are mixed under pressure; the mixture is then frothed before chemical reaction takes place by feeding the mixture through a pressure equalizing and frothing device having a pressure-drop zone opening into a frothing cavity having an output aperture to discharge the froth onto a moving substrate.

Abstract: A dual-chamber vacuum box for pinning a thermoplastic web to a cooling roll includes a primary vacuum chamber connected to a first vacuum source. The primary vacuum chamber has a first side located proximate a surface of the web at a line of contact between the web and the cooling roll and a second side opposite the first side. A secondary vacuum is chamber connected to a second vacuum source and is positioned adjacent the second side of the primary vacuum chamber. Apparatus is disposed between the primary and secondary vacuum chambers for creating a pressure variation along the line of contact between the web and the cooling roll.

Abstract: A flat and nearly mechanically isotropic polymer film or sheet, or a tube, can be formed by laminating two or more films, preferably by coextrusion of a liquid crystal polymer film and a thermoplastic polymer film. A liquid crystal polymer layer may be combined with one or more thermoplastic polymer layer in various arrangements. The liquid crystal, and possibly the thermoplastic as well, may have a controlled molecular orientation. The film may be formed by passing a polymer through a set of two or three tubular rotors which are concentric and have facing surfaces which define inner and outer annular polymer flow channels.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for the continuous manufacture of slabstock polyurethane foam including a conveyor means (1), a mixing head (51) and means (6) for discharging the reaction mixture from the mixing head (51) onto the conveyor means (1). The device further includes a start board (7), a stop board, means for moving the start board (7) along the conveyor means at the beginning of a production run in such a manner that it obstructs the moving reaction mixture to thereby increase the height of the first portion of the produced foam, and means for moving the stop board at the end of a production run in such a manner that it pushes the foaming reaction mixture ahead to thereby increase the height of the end portion. In this way, no operator has to enter the foaming machine and the start and end profiles of the foam blocks are optimised.

Abstract: Solvent based film is produced in an endless belt casting apparatus (10) in which, within initial compartments (46-52), flows of gas are directed through transversely elongated inlet channels (85.sub.i) to contact a layer (36') of polymer and solvent supported by an endless belt (26) and flows of gas and solvent vapors are withdrawn from the vicinity of the layer by transversely elongated gas plenums (68); within subsequent compartments (54-62), flows of gas are directed through elongated inlet plenums (74) to contact the layer and flows of gas and solvent vapors are withdrawn through transversely elongated exhaust channels (85.sub.o); within all compartments along upper and lower spans of the belt, flows of gas are directed at the inner side (30) of the belt from transversely elongated gas plenums (70) and flows of gas are withdrawn though outlets (72); and within initial compartments (46-52), flows of cooling gas are directed at the edges of the inner side of the belt from cooling nozzles (146, 148).

Abstract: An additive fabrication apparatus using a fluid construction material which can be solidified, and including a fluid material extrusion assembly including trowels defining first and second surfaces, a first nozzle for delivering fluid material to a predetermined location, a first control for moving the extrusion assembly along a predetermined path defining an enclosed area, a first supply for delivering fluid material to the extrusion assembly to extrude the material from the first nozzle in a layer as the first nozzle is moved along the path, with the first and second surfaces moving with the first nozzle to produce a wall of the extruded material forming the enclosed area with a shaped outer surface and a shaped top surface, a second nozzle for delivering fluid material to the enclosed area, a second control for moving the second nozzle to position the second nozzle at the enclosed area, and a second supply for delivering fluid material to the second nozzle to fill in the enclosed area.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for forming flat top foam buns or slabs which features positioning solely one sheet of film material to each side of a rising foam body. The single side sheet is positioned in contact with the rising foam on one side and in contact with a rigid side wall on the opposite side. Also, the single side sheet positioned between the rising foam and stationary side wall represents the only material between the side wall and foam material. The side film has a bottom edge which originates below a reference plane lying flush on the bottom supporting surface of the foam bun once it has reached an essentially full rise position. Preferably, bottom and side conveyors are provided near the full rise position of the foam material and the side film is redirected from an upwardly inclined edge arrangement to a horizontal edge arrangement.

Abstract: An apparatus for continuously foaming a polyimide prepolymer powder which is not susceptible to heating by microwave energy utilize a preheated conveyor belt to heat the powder in contact with and adjacent the surface of the conveyor belt to commence the reaction and foaming of the powder as it enters an oven which further heats the powder by convection and infrared radiation to form a continuous foam bun. The conveyor belt is cooled as it exits the oven to cool a bottom surface of the foam product to enable the foam product to be removed from the conveyor before interior portions of the foam product have cooled. Foam adhering to the conveyor belt, after the product has been removed, is cleaned from the conveyor belt, collected and mixed with and used as a filler in the prepolymer powder used in the process. In addition the mass of the powder entering the oven and the density and degree of cure of the foam bun exiting the oven are monitored to continuously control the process.

Abstract: A compression element having a deflectable elastomeric member is disclosed. The compression element exhibits a decreasing axial spring rate in response to axial movement and compression of the deflectable member. The compression element may be used alone or in combination with other compression elements in riser tensioner systems to maintain a substantially constant upward tensioning force on a riser as it moves axially relative to a floating platform.

Abstract: A fiber reinforced inorganic hardened body is manufactured from raw material consisting of a mixture of reinforcing fiber such as bamboo fiber, water-hardening inorganic binder and water by a manufacturing apparatus for stirring and mixing such raw material and forming it into a mat configuration laminated with the thin layers of fine fibers on both the front and rear sides of the thick layer of the normal raw material. The fine fiber material adhered with the water-hardening binder is partially separated from the main raw material at both the material supply side and material discharge side of a set of pin-type rolls. The portion of the fine fiber separated from the main raw material is first supplied to the upstream side of the forming conveyor to form a first layer of fine fiber.

Abstract: A method for producing a film or sheet of a cellulose ester such as cellulose triacetate (TAC), cellulose diacetate, or the like, in which a film-forming solution is extruded through the slot of an extrusion die onto a support while a liquid is dropped at opposite ends of the die onto the flow of the film-forming solution emerging from the slot, thereby to prevent slugging of the solution, wherein a solvent contained in the dropping liquid contains a poor solvent for a solute in the film-forming solution in an amount in a range of from 30% to 90% by weight relative to a good solvent for the solute contained in the dropping liquid. With the invention, slugging is prevented and production efficiency improved without adversely affecting the formed film, without problems in separating the film from the support due to insufficient drying, and without requiring periodic cleaning of the support or reduction of the film production rate.

Abstract: Apparatus is disclosed for producing thin polymeric film and includes a source (17) of a solution of polymer and solvent; a casting member (10) having an outer surface (12) for receiving a cast layer (18) of polymer and solvent, the layer having a transverse width; a casting die (16) for casting the layer of polymer and solvent onto the outer surface, the die including a transverse slot (20) with adjacent upstream and downstream lips (22, 24) between which the polymer and solvent flow during casting, the lips having lengths approximating the transverse width of the layer; and a device (11 ) for moving the outer surface past the casting die.

Abstract: A apparatus for continuously casting a liquid thermoset resin or composition in which a liquid thermoset resin or composition is fed into a space defined between a pair of moving endless belts arranged such that the lower run of the upper belt is disposed above the upper run of the lower belt; the adjacent runs of the belts are moved concurrently with each other at substantially the same speed and a first fluid container is provided above the upper belt with its lower surface in contact with the lower run of the upper belt. A second fluid container is provided below the lower belt with its upper surface in contact with the upper run of the lower belt. The fluid in the first fluid container is maintained at a first desired temperature and the fluid in the second fluid container is maintained at a second desired temperature. The lower run of the upper belt is maintained in contact with the lower surface of the first fluid container whereby the lower run of the upper belt is held up without any substantial sag.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing light-weight construction panels having a cementitious core layer surfaced with a layer of reinforcing fabric bonded to the two faces of the core includes the use of slurry applicator having a supporting member and a doctor in addition to a moving carrier for the slurry coated fabric. The edges of the panel also are covered with the fabric and may be open mesh edges. Cementitious slurry, for example, portland cement slurry, is applied to the fabric by means of a supporting member over which the fabric is drawn and a doctor means adjustably mounted above the supporting member. The supporting member is of a non-base-reactive material such as polypropylene or stainless steel; the use of such a supporting member permits better application of the slurry to the fabric before placement of the slurry coated fabric on the moving carrier.

Abstract: An apparatus for achieving desired surface roughness characteristics on an electrode material that is coated on a substrate such that the electrode material has desired surface roughness characteristics includes a roller. The roller has surface roughness characteristics corresponding to those desired in the electrode material. The apparatus includes a device for rotating the roller. The apparatus presses electrode material coated on a substrate against the surface of the roller so that the electrode material assumes substantially the same roughness characteristics as the surface of the roller. A nip roller is used to press the electrode material against the surface of the roller, the position of the nip roller being movable to adjust the thickness of the electrode material. A refrigeration apparatus is provided to cool the roller to a casting temperature for casting electrode material that has been pressed against the roller.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming sheets of a first material, such as a metal, plastic, rubber, or the like, having a primary tank for heating a second molten material and containing the second molten material to form a surface upon which the first material is floated in a molten state. The temperature of the second molten material is maintained below the melting temperature of the first molten material, and the second molten material has a higher specific gravity than the first molten material. Thus, the first molten material floats upon the surface of the second molten material while it solidifies into a sheet of material, which is then withdrawn from the surface of the second molten material. A hood is disposed over the primary tank to remove fumes and vapors which, when removed, are discharged into water where they condense.

Abstract: Apparatus (10) for applying hot cushion gum (E) in a strip (12) of predetermined thickness and width to the crown surface (14) of a tire carcass (16) having a sagittal plane (68). The apparatus (10) includes a motor (M) for rotating the tire carcass (16), and extrusion means (18) for dispensing hot cushion gum through a die means (26). The angular disposition of the die means (26) may be selected relative to the sagittal plane (68) of the tire carcass (16) to determine the effective width of the strip (12) applied to the crown surface (14). rotational control mechanism (64) is also provided selectively to control the angular velocity of the rotating tire carcass (16) which determines the thickness of the strip (12). According to the present method a tire carcass (16) is mounted for rotation. The die head (26) is positionable at a selected angle (.beta.) within its angular range (.alpha.) measured transversely of the sagittal plane ( 68) of the tire carcass (16) to establish a selected, effective width (W.sub.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for improving web pinning and uniformity in a fibrous web forming operation. The improvements are achieved by imposing an auxiliary electrostatic field above the fibrous web as it is pinned along a moving collection surface. An auxiliary electrostatic field enhancing plate is positioned above the web and collection surface and downstream of the laydown position where the web initially is deposited on the collection surface. The plate enhances the electrostatic field in the region above the collection surface and thereby increases the web pinning forces. When the invention is applied to a flash-spinning process where trifluorochloromethane is used as the fluid medium, an auxiliary electrostatic field of between about 2 and 80 kV/cm, preferably between about 10 and 60 kV/cm, is applied by the plate.

Abstract: A flat and nearly mechanically isotropic liquid crystal polymer film (38) can be formed by laminating two continuous biaxially oriented films. A laminate is produced having two thin outer surface portions which are oriented in one direction, and a relatively thick inner portion oriented in a transverse direction. The film may also be formed by passing a polymer through a set of three tubular rotors (30) which are concentric and having surfaces which are concentric and define inner and outer annular polymer flow channels (33, 35) between them. These rotors may rotate in the same or opposite directions. Another way to make the film is with a slit-type die (90) through which a polymer flows in one direction, while a moving band (91) passes continuously in a transverse direction. These ordered-polymer films are useful, for example, in the production of printed circuit boards.

Abstract: Apparatus for continuously extruding powdered, comminuted, or particulated feed material which includes a Conform extrusion machine or the like in cooperation with a forming wheel rotatably disposed within a portion of the Conform wheel to compress the feed material into a compacted feedstock. Compressing the feed material into a compacted feedstock enables uniform and reliable conveyance of the feed material into the extrusion machine. An auxiliary shoe member conforming to the outer periphery of the forming wheel and to the Conform shoe is included to separate the compacted feedstock from the forming wheel. The auxiliary shoe directs the compacted feedstock into a passageway formed by the Conform machine extrusion wheel and extrusion shoe. As the respective wheels are rotated the forces on the compacted feedstock heat it and cause it to yield and flow through an extrusion chamber adjacent the Conform machine abutment; it is then extruded from a die in the wall of the chamber.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for continuous casting of polymerizable thermosetting materials comprises mixing the materials with controlled amounts of two or more catalyst groups and passing said mixture through two or more series of heating stages. The initially gelled mixture which has not yet undergone excessive shrinkage is mechanically isolated from the ungelled mixture.

Abstract: Polymeric films of two or more layers are cocast on a moving substrate from a die having extrusion slots which extend to parallel slot exits spaced close to the substrate. An upstream slot exit has outer and inner lips formed by coplanar lands. The outer upstream land extends to a pinning line formed by the intersection with an outer surface of the die. A downstream slot exit also has lips formed by planar lands and the outer land of the downstream slot exit is spaced a greater distance from the substrate than the other lands. Films with a plurality of uniform layers of different thicknesses are cocast from dopes of different viscosities.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an improved cast film process for manufacturing amorphous film from a polymeric material, particularly a toughened polymeric material. The improvement is directed to a simple and efficient method for obtaining appropriate, controlled orientation of a film produced from a resin such as polyester, wherein the die gap and other factors affecting orientation are properly adjusted to provide a final amorphous film having reduced aging and "splitting" problems.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for injection molding of plastic material incorporate a perforated member for melt filtering and/or melt mixing during metering of plasticized material. The perforated member may be of a disk form mounted to a screw plunger provided within a machine body with the perforations arranged around the screw plunger. Impurities accumulated at the perforated member may be purged by rotating the screw plunger from a nozzle connected to the machine body via an annular recess formed at an inner surface of the machine body or directly from the machine body per se via a radial hole formed therein, when the screw plunger is in a predetermined position preferably in the most forward position, where the recess or the hole is located in the vicinity of the perforated member.

Abstract: A process for producing a polypropylene sheet or film. The process includes (a) providing two opposing cooling rolls which are maintained at a temperature of 10.degree. to 50.degree. C., (b) passing a metallic endless belt having a surface roughness of not more than 1.5 .mu.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for continuous casting of polymerizable materials that shrink during polymerization includes rapidly heating a moving matrix substantially uniformly throughout its cross section by radio frequency energy to initiate polymerization and maintaining the matrix thereafter in substantial thermal isolation such that substantially adiabatic polymerization occurs.

Abstract: A binding rubber extruder for retreading tires is provided with an extruder head, an axis of which extends essentially vertically to a surface of a carcass. The revolving speed of the rotatably drivable carcass and the extrusion speed are adjusted relative to one another. The extruder head is provided with a nozzle, that has a radius of curvature that corresponds at least to a greatest radius of the carcass whereby the nozzle is pressable against the carcass surface with a gentle, elastic force.

Abstract: Apparatus for stabilizing and reducing neck-in and edge thickness of a hot-plastic web including a pair of nozzle assemblies located at spaced edges of the web. Each nozzle assembly includes a pair of elongated nozzle elements which direct a pair of gaseous flows along opposed sides of the web transverse to the direction of movement of the web and toward an edge thereof.

Abstract: A process and a system for the continuous manufacture of polymeric foams. Reactive chemical components and additives comprising a low boiling blowing agent are mixed under pressure; the mixture is then frothed before chemical reaction takes place by feeding the mixture through a pressure equalizing and frothing device having a pressure-drop zone opening into a frothing cavity having an output aperture to discharge the froth onto a moving substrate.

Abstract: A process and a system for the continuous manufacture of polymeric foams. Reactive chemical components and additives comprising a low boiling blowing agent are mixed under pressure; the mixture is then frothed before chemical reaction takes place by feeding the mixture through a pressure equalizing and frothing device having a pressure-drop zone opening into a frothing cavity having an output aperture to discharge the froth onto a moving substrate.

Abstract: A process and a system for the continuous manufacture of polymeric foams. Reactive chemical components and additives comprising a low boiling blowing agent are mixed under pressure; the mixture is then frothed before chemical reaction takes place by feeding the mixture through a pressure equalizing and frothing device having a pressure-drop zone opening into a frothing cavity having an output aperture to discharge the froth onto a moving substrate.