Abstract: A method of manufacturing natural edible sulfur by filling pig chitterlings with sulfur, treating the chitterlings with licorice and soybeans at temperatures of 100-200 degrees C., removing the licorice and soybeans, and drying the sulfur.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for recovering volatile compounds from an aqueous tea extract by distilling the said extract by fractional distillation comprising condensing of vapors, separating the oil phase condensate from the aqueous phase and refluxing the substantially oil-free aqueous phase.

Abstract: Spinach, parts thereof, and the making and use thereof, including with respect to the inbred spinach line called SP6504 are disclosed.

Abstract: Apparatus for extracting pomegranate seeds from pomegranates including a pomegranate breaker operative for breaking open pomegranates generally without cutting pomegranate seeds at the interior of the pomegranates and a pomegranate seed extractor operative to engage broken open pomegranates for separating the pomegranate seeds from other parts of the pomegranates.

Abstract: According to this invention, plants of the genus Triodia are harvested for use as a renewable energy source or as a means of carbon sequestration. Triodia is a hummock-forming grass endemic to Australia, commonly known as spinifex. It is an abundant perennial plant which grows in semi-arid and arid regions. The novel use of Triodia as a biofuel feedstock has many advantages over the prior art. Being perennial, there is no need to plant and fertilise crops. The plants can be continuously harvested without damaging the soil. Triodia grows well with even small amounts of natural rainfall.

Abstract: A modular process for organosolv fractionation of lignocellulosic feedstocks into component parts and further processing of said component parts into at least fuel-grade ethanol and four classes of lignin derivatives. The modular process includes a first processing module configured for physico-chemically digesting lignocellulosic feedstocks with an organic solvent thereby producing a cellulosic solids fraction and a liquid fraction, a second processing module configured for producing at least a fuel-grade ethanol and a first class of novel lignin derivatives from the cellulosic solids fraction, a third processing module configured for separating a second class and a third class of lignin derivatives from the liquid fraction and further processing the liquid fraction to produce a distillate and a stillage, a fourth processing module configured for separating a fourth class of lignin derivatives from the stillage and further processing the stillage to produce a sugar syrup.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel Brassica oleracea plants resistant to Albugo candida and the seeds of said plants. The invention also relates to methods of making such plants and for producing seeds thereof. The invention further relates to molecular markers and use thereof in marker assisted breeding and for identifying Albugo candida resistance trait in Brassica oleracea plants.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for removing acrylamide and/or melanoidin forming cellular ingredients from starchy plant material without enabling to remove a considerable amount of starch from the cells by washing, comprising the process steps of: providing the biological material, irreversible electroporation of the biological material, and obtaining plant material having a reduced amount of acrylamide and/or melanoidin forming cellular ingredients, the starch content of which is not enabled to be considerably reduced by washing as compared to the starting material.

Abstract: Small oat groats and fines are used in quick hydration cooked and cold cereal products.

Abstract: Processing and use of whole fruits and vegetables or side-stream ingredients of juice extraction, paste, or ketchup process, or canning industry, in particular, the processing of the by-products, including pomace, and its use in beverage and food products.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a milled cassava product comprising a certain size distribution of milled cassava particle that is especially useful as a substitute for wheat or other gluten-containing flours. The present invention also relates to methods for producing the milled cassava product. Further, the present invention relates to foodstuffs comprising the milled cassava product, especially those that have reduced gluten or are gluten-free.

Abstract: The invention provides seed and plants of the lettuce line designated RX06471911. The invention thus relates to the plants, seeds and tissue cultures of lettuce line RX06471911, and to methods for producing a lettuce plant produced by crossing a plant of lettuce line RX06471911 with itself or with another lettuce plant, such as a plant of another line. The invention further relates to seeds and plants produced by such crossing. The invention further relates to parts of a plant of lettuce line RX06471911, including the gametes of such plants.

Abstract: The invention provides seed and plants of the lettuce line designated RX06472065. The invention thus relates to the plants, seeds and tissue cultures of lettuce line RX06472065, and to methods for producing a lettuce plant produced by crossing a plant of lettuce line RX06472065 with itself or with another lettuce plant, such as a plant of another line. The invention further relates to seeds and plants produced by such crossing. The invention further relates to parts of a plant of lettuce line RX06472065, including the gametes of such plants.

Abstract: The invention provides seed and plants of the lettuce line designated RX06473469. The invention thus relates to the plants, seeds and tissue cultures of lettuce line RX06473469, and to methods for producing a lettuce plant produced by crossing a plant of lettuce line RX06473469 with itself or with another lettuce plant, such as a plant of another line. The invention further relates to seeds and plants produced by such crossing. The invention further relates to parts of a plant of lettuce line RX06473469, including the gametes of such plants.

Abstract: A method for producing fruit or vegetable paste, fruit or vegetable juice concentrate, and similar food products by using Complete Fractionation with Reverse Osmosis.

Abstract: Dry milling methods for preparing oat products enriched in the content of ?-glucan and methods for preparing foodstuffs incorporating such an enriched oat product especially ready-to-eat cereals are provided. Heat conditioned dehulled oats are dry milled to form a coarse whole non defatted oat flour and then, without a preceding removal of fat, dry fractionated into coarser bran and finer oat flour fractions at multiple stages. The coarse oat flour is first dry classified to separate or form a coarser fraction oat bran containing more concentrated ?-glucan and a finer oat flour or starch containing or endosperm containing fraction. The oat bran is subjected to second and third rounds of milling and classification to form a high ?-glucan content (>7-9%) oat bran and a low ?-glucan content (3%) oat flour. The oat bran and oat flours can be used to prepare foodstuffs such as ready-to-eat cereals.

Abstract: The process of producing a melon extract by the following steps: providing at least one whole melon comprising flesh; steaming the outside surface of the whole melon to thereby soften the outside surface of the melon and remove microbials from the outside surface of the melon; reducing the size of the whole melon to form melon pieces; and introducing the melon pieces into the first finisher and utilizing the finisher to remove the melon flesh from the melon pieces such that at least from about 1/16 inch of flesh remains on the melon pieces and form melon extract from the flesh that is removed from the melon pieces.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing yeast fermented food such as bread, noodle and pasta, comprises the steps of preparing a starting cooking composition contains as main component bran powder and/or soy bean protein powder, gluten powder for binding the main powder and milk or milk ingredient powder containing milk sugar and a molding agent for increasing viscosity of composition; subjecting a mixed cooking composition with yeast to a fermentation condition to make a wet dough composition containing substantially no glucide; and baking or dry-solidifying it.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for processing defatted oil seeds, comprising the steps of: (a) solubilizing at least a portion of the protein contained in the oil seeds to produce suspended residual solids and a first solution comprising protein, phenolic-protein complexes, and free phenolic compounds; (b) treating at least a portion of the phenolic-protein complexes in the first solution to liberate at least some phenolic compounds from the phenolic-protein complexes thereby producing a second solution; (c) separating at least a portion of the free phenolic compounds from the second solution and recovering a free phenolic reduced solution; and (d) treating the free phenolic reduced solution to precipitate at least a portion of the protein as a precipitated protein isolate and recovering a treated solution containing a soluble protein isolate. Novel protein products are also disclosed. Food and drink products containing the novel protein products are also disclosed.

Abstract: A soft wheat flour containing bran, wherein the bran has a total fiber content comprised between 20 and 30% and a protein content comprised between 12.0 and 18.

Abstract: Method for extracting puree, or juice, from a starting product based on vegetable or animal food comprising a starting treatment step, for example a step of softening the food product obtaining a treated product (101). A deviation step lows (102), during which the treated product is selectively directed towards a cold extraction (110), or towards a hot extraction (200). If the treated product is directed towards a cold extraction, it follows firstly an extraction step (103), in which the treated product at the inlet is separated into a main product comprising the puree, or the juice (103a) and into a waste material (103b). The main product is then subjected to an enzymatic inactivation step which provides quickly heating the treated product up to a determined temperature T (104).

Abstract: The present invention is a grain product. The grain product includes a first fraction including bran. The first fraction is milled to a first particle size of less than 500 micrometers. The grain product also includes a second fraction including germ. The second fraction is milled to a second particle size of less than 500 micrometers. The grain product is at least one of: a food product, a nutritional supplement, a dietary supplement, a fiber supplement, a digestive supplement, a functional food, and a medical food.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to improvements in the steeping process of corn wet milling and a steeping system therefore. The process for steeping corn includes subjecting corn situated in a battery of no less than four steeping tanks to a countercurrent flow of steep water. The first steeping tank defines a new corn receiving tank and the last steeping tank defines a discharge tank. The countercurrent flow of steep water includes sulfur dioxide and flows in a direction from the discharge tank to the new corn receiving tank. The sulfur dioxide concentration in the steep water of the first steeping tank is greater than the sulfur dioxide concentrations in a plurality of the remainder of the steeping tanks, which maintain sulfur dioxide levels that are substantially equivalent.

Abstract: Provided is a packaged beverage which can be discharged from the beverage container uniformly because precipitates containing effective components derived from vegetables or fruits can be dispersed quickly by mild shaking, though the formation of precipitates during long-term storage is allowed from the viewpoint of incorporating the effective components in the beverage without damaging them; is excellent in desorption and re-dispersibility of the precipitates; and is easy to drink. A packaged beverage contains a vegetable juice and/or a fruit juice, which contains the following components (A) to (D): (A) from 0.5 to 12 wt. % of polydextrose, (B) from 0.5 to 12 wt. % of (b1) indigestible dextrose or (b2) a degraded guar gum, (C) from 2 to 30 vol. % of an insoluble solid, and (D) 50 wt. % or greater of water; and satisfying the following conditions: (1) ((A)+(b1))/(C)?8 (wt. %/vol. %) or ((A)+(b2))/(C)?3.4 (wt. %/vol.

Abstract: Methods are provided to prepare heat stable soy milk concentrates above 3.2× based on the level of protein that are thermally stable upon achieving an Fo of at least 5. One method removes soluble carbohydrates prior to concentration. Another method removes both soluble and insoluble carbohydrates prior to concentration. Yet other methods prepare soy milk concentrates using partially hydrolyzed soy protein isolate.

Abstract: Dry milling methods for preparing oat products enriched in the content of ?-glucan and methods for preparing foodstuffs incorporating such an enriched oat product especially ready-to-eat cereals are provided. Heat conditioned dehulled oats are dry milled to form a coarse whole non defatted oat flour and then, without a preceding removal of fat, dry fractionated into coarser bran and finer oat flour fractions at multiple stages. The coarse oat flour is first dry classified to separate or form a coarser fraction oat bran containing more concentrated ?-glucan and a finer oat flour or starch containing or endosperm containing fraction. The oat bran is fractionated into a coarse and fine oat bran sub-streams. The oat bran sub-streams are each is subjected to second roller milling step and then bolted. The second bolting of oat bran is then subjected to a third round of milling and classification to form a high ?-glucan content (>7-9%) oat bran and a low ?-glucan content (3%) oat flour.

Abstract: Apparatus for extracting pomegranate seeds from pomegranates including a pomegranate breaker operative for breaking open pomegranates generally without cutting pomegranate seeds at the interior of the pomegranates and a pomegranate seed extractor operative to engage broken open pomegranates for separating the pomegranate seeds from other parts of the pomegranates.

Abstract: A processing system and methods for extracting phytochemicals from plant materials with subcritical water. The processing system includes a water supply interconnected with a high-pressure pump, diverter valve, a temperature-controllable extraction vessel, a cooler, a pressure-relief valve and a collection apparatus for collecting eluant fractions from the extraction vessel. The processing system controllably varies the temperature of subcritical water within the extraction vessel, and may optionally be configured to controllably vary the pH of subcritical water flowing into the extraction vessel. A plant material is placed into the extraction vessel after which a flow of subcritical water is provided through the extraction vessel for extraction of phytochemicals.

Abstract: The invention provides seed and plants of broccoli hybrid PS05151639 and the parent lines thereof. The invention thus relates to the plants, seeds and tissue cultures of broccoli hybrid PS05151639 and the parent lines thereof, and to methods for producing a broccoli plant produced by crossing such plants with themselves or with another broccoli plant, such as a plant of another genotype. The invention further relates to seeds and plants produced by such crossing. The invention further relates to parts of such plants.

Abstract: A red colorant is formed of 500 to 3000 ppm of crystalline lycopene mainly encapsulated by chromoplasts, and having a soluble solid concentration below 5° Bx.

Abstract: Method of pretreating citrus waste to break cell structure, pasteurize or sterilize citrus waste solids and remove inhibitory peel oil components (e.g., limonene) involving optionally reducing the particle size of the citrus waste prior to preheating, preheating the citrus waste through indirect heating in a preheater reactor to form preheated citrus waste and conveying the preheated citrus waste to a main reactor, heating the citrus waste through a combination of (simultaneous) indirect heating and direct heating to produce treated citrus waste solids that are pasteurized and a vapor containing water and peel oil components, separating the pasteurized citrus waste solids and the vapor containing water and peel oil components, and collecting the separated vapor containing water and peel oil components by condensation. The method optionally includes cooling the pasteurized citrus waste solids followed by saccharifying with enzymes and fermentation to produce ethanol or other products.

Abstract: Inbred broccoli lines, designated BRM50-3906 are disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of inbred broccoli lines BRM50-3906, to the plants of inbred broccoli lines BRM50-3906, and to methods for producing a broccoli plant produced by crossing the inbred line BRM50-3906 with itself or another broccoli line. The invention further relates to hybrid broccoli seeds and plants produced by crossing the inbred line BRM50-3906 with another broccoli line.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for decaffeinating tea (Camellia sinensis). The method involves of using, as an extraction agent, a carbon dioxide which is compressed of a pressure greater than 50 and up to 100 MPa.

Abstract: An improved wet milling process is provided that allows for separation of seed coat particles from the horny endosperm particles of seed. The process uses soaking and grinding to produce seed coat flake particles and horny endosperm particles that may be separated using movement of liquid slurry of the particles, providing hydraulic lift to separate the seed coat particles. Improvements in the process allow for omitting addition of sulfur compounds to the process. By-products of wet milling with improved properties are provided.

Abstract: Fat-soluble trace constituents contained in plant tissues may be conveniently concentrated and/or purified by a method which involves extracting the fat-soluble trace constituent from a plant, to obtain an extract containing the fat-soluble trace constituent; adding a fatty acid ester to the extract, to obtain a mixture; and subjecting the mixture to molecular distillation. The method is particularly effective for the concentration and/or purification of fat-soluble constituents which are solids or viscous liquids at ambient temperature and ordinary pressure. The concentrated and/or purified fat-soluble trace constituent of a plant tissue prepared by the method may be combined with a food or drink to afford a food or drink product that contains the concentrated and/or purified fat-soluble trace constituent.

Abstract: Flax protein isolates are obtained in a procedure in which flax oil seeds are initially extracted to remove mucilage therefrom prior to crushing to recover the oil and produce a meal. The flax protein meal then is processed to recover a flax protein isolate therefrom.

Abstract: Flax and linola oil seed protein isolated are provided. Such isolates are made by extracting flax and linola oil seed protein from the oil seed meal, concentrating the aqueous protein solution, diluting the concentrated protein solution to form protein micelles, collecting mass. Further flax protein isolate may be recovered from the supernatant from the protein micellar formation. The protein isolated have a protein content of at least about 90 wt % (N ×6.25), preferably at least about 100 wt %, on a dry weight basis.

Abstract: A composition comprising a watermelon juice includes the following colorimeter values, an L value of about 19 or greater, an A value of about 32 or greater, a B value of about 24 or greater. Watermelon juice extract is typically free of any added, artificial colorants or sweeteners. The present invention also generally includes a food composition that utilizes a clarified watermelon juice or a cloudy watermelon juice, where the cloudy watermelon juice has the following colorimeter values, an L value of about 19 or greater, an A value of about 32 or greater, a B value of about 24 or greater, and the clarified watermelon juice is derived from the cloudy watermelon juice. The food compositions incorporating the watermelon juice are usually a beverage, a sorbet, a yogurt, a sauce, a salad dressing, a fruit salad, a dessert, a bakery filling, a candy, or a bar mix.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for pitting and stuffing food items include a processing tool that may pit any type of fruit of vegetable product. The same processing tool then stuffs the fruit or vegetable with another food item. The processing tool may include two sets of opposed knife assemblies that work in combination to remove a core of the first food item by cutting into the food item from one side to push the core toward the other knife. The second knife assembly defines and cuts the interior space of the first food item. The core may be retracted by the second knife assembly or completely pushed out by the first knife assembly. The second food item is loaded into the second knife assembly and then pushed into the space created in the first food item by a piston within the second knife assembly.

Abstract: The components which have suwari-inhibiting action of rice bran extracts is reduced or removed, enabling broader utilization of them for fish paste products. A rice bran extract in which components having specific physiologically active functions are singled out, and these components are reduced or removed. The components are suwari-inhibiting components. The rice bran extract is preferably a water extract. The components are reduced or removed by precipitation or dialysis. The precipitation is calcium precipitation. The suwari-inhibiting components are phytin and/or phytic acid. The rice bran extract can be used as a fish paste additive.

Abstract: A leafy vegetable having a core end and a leafy end is processed after being harvested. The harvested leafy vegetable is transported to a trim area on a conveyor. A first cutting implement located in the trim area trims a portion of the core end. A second cutting implement located in the trim area trims a portion of the leafy end. The first and second cutting implements are spaced a set distance apart, which defines an amount of the leafy vegetable remaining after the portions of the core and leafy ends are trimmed. As the portions of the core and leafy ends of the leafy vegetable are being trimmed by the first and second cutting implements, a set of one or more nozzles located in the trim area sprays a rinsing liquid on cut sites on the leafy vegetable to rinse off natural juices exuding from the cut sites.

Abstract: A process for treating tomato concentrates obtainable by concentration by evaporation, having a dry residue in percentage by weight higher than 15%, generally at least of about 18%, comprising the following steps: I) mixing of the tomato concentrate (component a)) with water (component b)); II) liquid separation by a separation solid-liquid apparatus, wherein the mass to be filtered is maintained under a slow stirring; III) addition of water and/or serum to the solid mass obtained in II).

Abstract: Methods and systems for processing oilseed meal. Oilseed meal is hydrated to provide a hydrated oilseed meal. A particle size of the hydrated oilseed meal is reduced to provide a size-reduced oilseed meal. Enhanced oilseed meal is physically separated from the size-reduced oilseed meal.

Abstract: A method for making a food product that is suitable for human consumption, has a firm texture and is made from a mixture of protein-containing ingredients and vegetable. Finely ground vegetable is first dejuiced in a separating device, such as a decanter, a press or a centrifuge, and the dejuiced vegetable is then kneaded into the protein-containing ingredients without further processing. An ingredient for addition to food products suitable for human consumption, including dejuiced vegetable with a moisture content of at least 55%, is also contemplated. A dough or paste composed of protein, fat, starch, processing aids and vegetable, amongst other ingredients, whereby the vegetable is added in the form of a kneadable dejuiced vegetable, and also to products made from or with the dough or paste is further contemplated.

Abstract: An efficient process for enzymatically peeling citrus fruit applies a vacuum to perforated fruit and, while maintaining that vacuum, introduces an enzyme solution to the perforated fruit. The fruit is infused with the enzyme by releasing the vacuum pressure. After incubating the enzyme, the albedo of the fruit is weakened and the citrus peel can be readily removed. The peeled fruit may be divided into sections and the encompassing membrane removed.

Abstract: Defects are removed from dry pulp by providing dry pulp having less than 10% by total weight of water therein. The location of individual defect material within the dry pulp is sensed. The located defect material is relatively positioned with respect to a defect removal system. Using the sensed location of defect material with respect to the defect removal system, the defect material is removed with the defect removal system from the dry pulp.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for increasing the amount of hull portions recovered from flaxseeds. In a preferred embodiment, the invention includes providing a plurality of harvested flaxseeds, tempering the harvested flaxseeds by sufficiently increasing the moisture content for at least about one-half hour to increase the amount of hulls recovered from the flaxseeds, and recovering a portion of the hulls from the moisture-increased flaxseeds. The claimed invention also relates to a flaxseed hull isolate that includes at least 7 up to 17 weight percent of flaxseed hull based on the total weight of flaxseeds. Additionally, the claimed invention relates to a harvested flaxseed, whose moisture content is increased by at least about 1 weight percent, and a flax product having a lignan concentration of at least 10 percent by weight.

Abstract: A process for the extraction of lycopene from whole tomatoes, in which process tomatoes are heat concentrated and extracted with water-saturated ethyl acetate.

Abstract: Byproduct from extracting citrus juice from whole fruit is made into a slurry and extracted to provide a rudimentary peel juice. This is processed into a raw peel juice and microfiltered to prepare a clarified raw peel juice. The peel juice is processed to remove naturally occurring components which detract from the quality of the fruit juice. Such components are removed by contacting the peel juice with an adsorptive rein resin in order to provide an enhanced peel citrus juice, which can be blended with other juices.

Abstract: The disclosed embodiments herein include methods and apparatus for processing vegetables having a root crown including applying opposing forces to the vegetables to separate the roots or portions thereof at or near the root crown from the vegetable, and packaging the vegetables in a container.