Abstract: Organic compounds containing at least one hydrophilic group are rendered soluble in fatty systems by the formation of a chemical complex with a carrier selected among fatty acid esters of polyhydric hydroxyalkanes having general formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is H or --CH.sub.2 OR.sub.5, R.sub.2 is H or --CH.sub.2 OR.sub.6, and each of R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 is independently a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid moiety having 1-30 carbon atoms or a saturated fatty acid moiety having 1-3 carbon atoms, with the proviso that at least one of R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 is a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid moiety having 1-30 carbon atoms, R2 and at least one or, when any of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is not H, at least two of R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 is a saturated fatty acid moiety having 1-3 carbon atoms. Diacetates of common monoglycerides are especilally preferred as the carriers for forming such complexes.

Abstract: Non-temper, low lauric fat blends suitable for coatings contain the following fatty acid residues in the amounts indicated:10-30 wt % C12:020-80 wt % total (C16:0+C18:0)30-60 wt % C18:1,while the weight ratio C18:0/C16:0 ranges from 2-7.

Abstract: Fat products containing high stearic acid soybean oil blended with other processed or unprocessed oils or fats and having a solids content of at least about 4%, preferably at least about 6%, at 8.degree. F. and a solids content of at least about 1% at 92.degree. F. are disclosed. The blend may be a simple mixture of high stearic soybean oil with processed or unprocessed fats, an interesterified blend, or a combination of these. Preferred products contain no hydrogenated fat.

Abstract: A W/O type emulsified fat composition is provided having an oily phase and an aqueous phase, wherein the oily phase contains 40 to less than 95% by weight of diglycerides and 5 to less than 60% by weight of triglycerides and satisfies the following requirements (1) and (2):(1) the diglycerides have 0.5 to less than 20% by weight of SS components, 20 to less than 55% by weight of SU components, and 25 to less than 70% by weight of UU components (wherein S is a C.sub.14-22 saturated fatty acid group and U is a C.sub.14-22 unsaturated fatty acid group), and(2) the weight ratio of the C.sub.14 and C.sub.16 saturated fatty acid groups contained in the diglycerides to the C.sub.18, C.sub.20, and C.sub.22 saturated fatty acid groups contained in the diglycerides is 1.0 to 8.0, and its use as a margarine or the like, having excellent stability and satisfactory spreadability.

Abstract: A reduced fat and reduced calorie nut butter composition, particularly a peanut butter, having the texture and organoleptic characteristics of full fat nut butters. The nut butter has up to about 60% reduced fat by weight and up to about 34% reduced calories by weight. The composition is produced with full fat nuts and roasted, partially defatted nuts and/or roasted, partially defatted nut flour, a low or no calorie triacylglycerol oil and a low or no calorie bulking agent. The composition also has a nut solids non fat level from about 20-34% and a ratio of total non fat solids to total oil of from about 2.0:1 to about 2.7:1.

Abstract: A microwave popcorn product is provided. The product includes a flexible expandable bag having a charge of unpopped popcorn and oil/fat-containing slurry therein. The oil/fat-containing slurry includes a solid oil component and a liquid oil component. Preferred products may be blended to have advantageous nutritional characteristics.

Abstract: A baby or infant composition is provided which comprises one or more nutrient materials and, as a supplement, nervonic acid or a functional derivative thereof or an immediate biochemical precursor of either nervonic acid or a functional derivative thereof, in a physiologically acceptable form. It has been found to be beneficial to administer such a composition to preterm babies and term babies and infants. It has also been to be beneficial to administer nervonic acid or a functional derivative thereof or an immediate biochemical precursor of either nervonic acid or a functional derivative thereof to adults having normal levels of nervonic acid in their body and, in particular, to women who intend to become pregnant, pregnant women and lactating women.

Abstract: A high oleic soybean oil having high oxidative stability is disclosed. This oil has an AOM induction time of greater than 50 hours. Oxidative stability is achieved without the need for hydrogenation or the addition of an antioxidant.

Abstract: Glyceride fat which comprises a mixture of glycerides originating from seed oils which have not substantially been subjected to chemical modification, which glycerides are derived from fatty acids which comprise(a) at least 10 wt. % of C.sub.18 -C.sub.24 saturated fatty acids(b) which comprise stearic and/or arachidic and/or behenic acid and/or lignoceric acid(c) oleic and/or linoleic acid, while(d) the ratio of saturated C.sub.18 -acid /saturated (C.sub.20 +C.sub.22 +C.sub.24)-acids .gtoreq.1, preferably .gtoreq.5, more preferably .gtoreq.10,which glycerides contain calculated on total fatty acid weight(e) .ltoreq.5 wt. % of linolenic acid(f) .ltoreq.5 wt. % of trans fatty acids(g) .ltoreq.75 wt. %, preferably .ltoreq.60 wt. % of oleic acid on total fatty acids on position 2 of the glyceride moleculewhich glycerides contain calculated on total glycerides weight(h) .gtoreq.8 wt. % HOH+HHO triglycerides(i) .ltoreq.5 wt. % of trisaturated triglycerides(j) which glycerides have a solids content comprising N.sub.

Abstract: The invention concerns bakery doughs or batters comprising the conventional ingredients, wherein, however, the fat applied displays:a SAFA content of less than 40 wt. %;an N.sub.20 (unstab., NMR pulse) of .gtoreq.10,while the triglyceride composition is:S.sub.2 U=5-50 wt. %;(U.sub.2 S+U.sub.3)>35 wt. %;S.sub.3 =0-37 wt. %,S being saturated fatty acid C.sub.14 -C.sub.24 ;U being unsaturated fatty acid C.sub.18+.

Abstract: A nutritionally superior fat for food compositions which comprises triglycerides containing cis-asymmetric monounsaturated fatty acids (cis-AMUFAs) is provided. The use of cis-AMUFA triglycerides provides a fat composition which is low in saturated fats and trans fatty acids with excellent textural properties and melting characteristics.

Abstract: Ice-cream coating compositions with reduced waxiness are obtained by using as fat the following triglyceride-compositions:______________________________________ <10% of SSS 25-80% of SUS 2-20% of SSU 8-60% of (SSU + USU) <10% of U.sub.3 ______________________________________S=saturated fatty acid with C.sub.16 -C.sub.24U=unsaturated fatty acid C.sub.18 +, while the C.sub.16 :C.sub.18 --saturates weight ratio of the triglycerides is>2.0.

Abstract: A novel fat-blend for low trans filling fat compositions or for wrapper margarine that upon use do not display posthardening comprise: SUS, SSU and SU.sub.2 -triglyceriden, wherein:i) the transcontent <5%ii) SUS/SSU-wt ratio <2iii) SUS <34 wt %iv) SU.sub.2 <55 wt %S=saturated fatty acid 16-18 C-atoms U=mono/diunsaturated fatty acid with 18 C-atoms.

Abstract: The present invention provides oil blends suitable for use as cocoa butter substitutes. These oil blends are based on palm kernel oil and its derivatives, and include palm kernel oil, hydrogenated palm kernel oil, palm kernel stearin and hydrogenated palm kernel stearin. Also disclosed are edible food products such as confectionery products and chocolate alternative compositions made from these palm kernel oil blends.

Abstract: There is disclosed shortening for chocolate which contains SUS type triglycerides whose constituent fatty acids contain SUS saturated fatty acids having 20 to 24 carbon atoms and SSU type and/or type triglycerides whose constituent fatty acids do not contain saturated fatty acids having 20 or more carbon atoms, both triglycerides being present in an eutectic crystal state, and a crystal form of said former SUS type triglycerides being in a stable crystal form. A process for producing the shortening, chocolate comprising the shortening and a process for producing the chocolate are also disclosed.

Abstract: Fat-blends suitable for food applications are disclosed. These blends contain 10-60% diglycerides (A), 90-40% triglycerides (B) wherein (A) contains .gtoreq.70% SU-diglycerides, including high melting diglycerides (>40.degree. C.)(C) and simultaneously a fatty compound (D) so that the melting point of (C+D) is >5.degree. C., lower than the melting point of (C) wherein (B) has an N.sub.5 .ltoreq.40 while the total blend has a SAFA-content <40%.

Abstract: Triglycerides, having at least two long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids L.sub.1 and L.sub.2, from which at least one is present for more than 20 wt %, while the weight ratio L.sub.1 :L.sub.2 is at least 2 and which triglycerides also contain at least 15 wt % of saturated fatty acids with 14 or more carbon atoms and have a weight ratio saturated C.sub.18 :saturated C.sub.16 fatty acid residue of >2, while at least 5 wt % of the saturated fatty acid residues with at least 14 C-atoms is bonded on a triglyceride molecule, wherein also L.sub.1 and/or L.sub.2 is present, display a number of beneficial properties (good oxidative stability healthier, less off-flavor, lower caloric, better digestibility, and in particular better structuring properties).

Abstract: Disclosed and claimed are shortening systems and methods for making and using the shortening system The shortening system can contain vegetable oil and a stearine fraction obtainable from the glycerolysis of a saturated fat or oil, such as a stearine fraction enriched with diglycerides, or at least one monoglyceride and/or diglyceride such as one which is normally solid at room temperature and/or such as one which is enriched with diglyceride. The shortening system has a synergistic amount of solids and crystal matrices and has surprisingly superior properties and imparts those surprisingly superior properties to food products, as well as provides food products with improved organoleptic properties. Chemically leavened and yeast-raised bakery products (e.g., savory crackers, biscuits basecakes, cookies etc.) which incorporate the shortening system so as to allow substantial nutritional improvements over partially hydrogenated fats while giving organoleptically improved properties are disclosed.

Abstract: A nutritional formulation containing an effective amount of Lacto-N-neoTetraose to simulate the growth and/or metabolic activity of Bifidobacterium is provided. A process of inhibiting bacterial infections including the step of feeding the nutritional composition to a subject is also provided.

Abstract: Novel ice-cream coating fats based on diglycerides comprise at least 30 wt. %, preferably 50-90 wt. %, of diglycerides, which diglycerides have an SU content of 10-25 wt. %, while the total fat composition has a SAFA content of 5-35 wt. % and an N line (unstab.) of N.sub.20 <35 and N.sub.25 <10.

Abstract: Saturated triglycerides which have a big difference in chain length between the longest and the shortest fatty acid chain and which are able, when incorporated in a small amount into a slow crystallizing fat, particularly a low-trans fat, to increase considerably the speed of crystallization.

Abstract: Hydrogenated canola oils having improved oxidative stability are disclosed. These oils have relatively low levels of trans-fatty acids and saturated fatty acids, yet possess an oxidative stability of greater than 300 AOM hours. Such oils can be produced by hydrogenation of refined, bleached canola oil extracted from Brassicaceae seeds having elevated levels of oleic acid and reduced levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Brassica lines producing seeds having such fatty acid profiles are disclosed. Hydrogenated oils may be fractionated to obtain canola oils that are liquid at or below room temperature and have relatively low levels of trans-fatty acids and saturated fatty acids, yet have an oxidative stability of greater than 300 AOM hours.

Abstract: A hard butter additive composition which comprises the middle melting point fraction of random interesterified palm stearin is provided. The hard butter additive composition of the present invention is useful for admixing with raw materials for hard butter which are not transisomerized fats nor lauric fats, and can prevent fat blooming and/or graining and improve mold removability of hard butter products such as chocolate or center cream without a tempering process.

Abstract: Fat blends, suitable for food application, in particular for wrapper- or tubspreads, comprise: 30-70 of diglycerides, 70-30 of triglycerides wherein the diglycerides comprise: 25-70% SU, 10-70% UU, less than 30% of SS (S=saturated fatty acid C.sub.12 -C.sub.24 ; U=unsaturated fatty acid.gtoreq.C.sub.16) and wherein the triglycerides contain 1-70 wt. % of S.sub.2 U-triglycerides, while the SAFA-content of the blend is less than 50 wt. %.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for increasing the solidification rate of a fat-based confection and to a fat-based confection product wherein the improvement comprises 0.1 to 2.0% insoluble fiber by weight effective for increasing the rate of solidification of the product.

Abstract: An oxidation-resistant food shortening which includes a blended vegetable fat composition having between 50% and 95% by weight palm fat and between 5% and 50% corn oil. Also, described is a method of increasing the polyunsaturated fatty acid content of a palm fat-containing shortening while minimizing the loss in oxidative stability of the shortening, wherein the palm fat is supplemented with between approximately 5% and 100% by weight corn oil.

Abstract: Sunflower plants, seeds capable of forming the same, and a novel endogenous vegetable oil derived from such sunflower seeds are provided. The plants have the ability to yield an endogenous vegetable oil wherein the levels of palmitic acid and oleic acid are provided in an atypical combination via genetic control. The concentration of palmitic acid in the endogenous oil constitutes at least 20 (e.g., approximately 20 to 45) percent by weight of the total fatty acid content, and the concentration of oleic acid in the oil constitutes at least 45 (e.g., approximately 45 to 65) percent by weight of the total fatty acid content in the absence of hydrogenation or other chemical or physical modification. It was found that the plants of the present invention can be formed through the combination (as described) of genetic determinants that were found to be present in the Pervenets sunflower and the H-55-9-2-1 or H-55-9-2-2 sunflower.

Abstract: Foods and beverages having decreased digestive and absorptive properties characterized in containing 40 weight % or more all saturated acyl chain triglyceride contains only stearic acid and/or palmitic acid as the oil component. The all saturated acyl chain triglyceride made only of stearic acid and/or palmitic acid contained in the foods and beverages is not digested and absorbed in the bodies, so that calories may be decreased substantially.

Abstract: A margarine fat blend and a plastic W/O emulsion spread comprising 5-14% of a hardstock being a stearin fraction of an interesterified mixture of 25-65% unhardened lauric fat stearin and 75-35% unhardened C.sub.16+ fat stearin. Also provided is a process for preparing such hardstock without the use of chemical modification or solvent or Lanza fractionation. As byproduct of this process an olein fraction can be obtained suitable for use in cooking or baking fats or W/O emulsion spreads.

Abstract: Flexible ice-cream coating compositions are obtained by using as fat for the fatphase a triglyceride-composition, comprising:<8 wt % of SSS25-80 wt % of SUS2-40 wt % of SU.sub.2>5 wt % of U.sub.3S=saturated fatty acid C.sub.16 -C.sub.24U=unsaturated fatty acid C.sub.18+.

Abstract: By this invention, methods to produce C14 fatty acids in plant seed oils are provided. In a first embodiment, this invention relates to particular C14 preferring acyl-ACP thioesterase sequences from Cuphea palustris, camphor and nutmeg, and to DNA constructs for the expression of these thioesterases in host cells for production of C14 fatty acids. Other aspects of this invention relate to methods for using other plant medium-chain thioesterases or medium-chain thioesterases from non-plant sources to provide C14 fatty acids in plant cells. In this regard, the production of C14 fatty acids in plant cells as the result of expression from an elm medium chain acyl-ACP thioesterase and a bacterial luxD gene is provided.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for preparing a chocolate-like product containing non-tempering cocoa butter substitute and to the product prepared therefrom.

Abstract: A method of increasing the HDL concentration and the HDL/LDL concentration ratio in human serum by providing a balance between a sufficient and required proportion of cholesterol-free saturated fatty acids in the daily dietary fat of the human and a sufficient and required, but not excessive, proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids comprising linoleic acid in dietary fat, while the remaining proportion of fatty acids and energy from the dietary fat is provided by monounsaturated fatty acids comprising oleic acid. The saturated fatty acids must constitute between 20% and 40% by weight of the daily dietary fat based upon dietary fat accounting for 30% of the total dietary energy consumption, and linoleic acid must constitute between 15% and 40% by weight of dietary fat.

Abstract: A method for confirming the presence of highly refined sesame oil in pharmaceuticals. By extracting, concentrating and detecting sesamin and epi-sesamin, through the method disclosed in the present invention, highly refined sesame oil can be identified. The disclosed method can be performed at room temperature and does not require over night extraction. In practice, the disclosed method entails extracting sesamin from a sample with an organic solvent, transferring and evaporating the solvent layer to dryness to form a residue. An alkyl halide is added to the residue to form a mixture. The mixture and an organic solvent are passed through a separating means, generating an eluent, the eluent is then evaporated to dryness to form a second residue. A 1:1 solution of an organic solvent and an alkyl halide is added to the second residue in a volume sufficient to form a concentrated extract. The concentrated extract is then analyzed with high performance liquid chromatography.

Abstract: Fat-compositions that display the following characteristics are very suitable fats for healthy margarines or spreads: (I): 5-45 wt % S.sub.2 U triglycerides; 0-60 wt % SU.sub.2 ; 5-95 wt % U.sub.3 ; 0-8 wt % S.sub.3 ; S=saturated fatty acid: C.sub.16 -C.sub.24, U=unsaturated fatty acid C.sub.18 +; (II): (C.sub.18 -C.sub.24):C.sub.16 >0.3; (III): <5% diglycerides; (IV): % SAFA<35 wt %; (V): N.sub.5 =12-30, N.sub.35 <7, (N.sub.5 -N.sub.20)<10.

Abstract: A water-in-oil emulsion having a high water content and an excellent emulsion stability. The water-in-oil emulsion contains a polyglycerol fatty acid ester the main constituting fatty acid component of which is erucic acid.

Abstract: There is disclosed an oily composition for inhibiting moisture migration in frozen food which includes 1- or 3-saturated diunsaturated triglycerides (SUU) and 2-unsaturated disaturated triglycerides (SUS) in a total amount thereof of at least 40% by weight based on the total weight of oil-and-fat ingredient of said composition and the weight ratio of SUU to SUS is 0.3 to 3.0 times. A frozen food including the above oily composition provided between a low moisture content-ingredient and a high-moisture content-ingredient is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a fat composition for nut filling characterized in that it contains an emulsifier(s) at the total amount of 1.0-10.0 wt. % in a fat comprising 35-60 wt. % of 1,3-distearo-2-olein (StOSt) and having a solid fat content of 70-85%/20 C., 50-75%/30.degree. C., 5-50%/35.degree. C. and 3% or less/40.degree. C., and a nut filling comprising 5-25 wt. % of the same. The use of the fat composition for nut filling of the present invention makes it possible to obtain a nut filling having high resistance to fat migration, giving a good sense of eating and exhibiting good melting properties in the mouth, although it contains a large amount of nut paste rich in low-melting fats.

Abstract: Triglycerides, having at least two long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids L.sub.1 and L.sub.2, from which at least one is present for more than 20 wt %, while the weight ratio L.sub.1 :L.sub.2 is at least 2 and which triglycerides also contain mono- and di-unsaturated fatty acids with 18 carbon atoms, such that C.sub.18:2 is present for more than 7 wt %, and C.sub.18:1 is present for more than 30 wt %, while at least 5 wt % of the mono- and/or diunsaturated fatty acids with 19 C-atoms are bonded on a triglyceride molecule, wherein at least L.sub.1 and/or L.sub.2 are present, display a number of beneficial properties (higher oxidative stability, healthier, improved ##EQU1## ratio).

Abstract: Solid delivery systems for highly volatile flavor oils which include a stabilized, substantially non-volatile mixture of a highly volatile flavor oil or flavor component and a medium chain triglyceride are disclosed. The stabilized mixtures may be absorbed or adsorbed onto a non-fat solid substrate and incorporated into a saccharide based matrix and flash flow processed. The delivery systems may be added to chewing gum and confectionery products, as well as other pharmaceutical and comestible preparations.

Abstract: Alkoxylated alcohols containing both short and long chain oxyalkylene units are useful as reduced calorie fat substitutes in food compositions. The alkoxylated alcohols provide good organoleptic properties even though not highly esterfied with fatty acid.

Abstract: The present invention provides an enteral nutritional formulation that meets the nutrient requirements of patients with wounds. The present invention meets the unique nutrient needs of the acute or chronic patient that are generated due to tissue repair and healing requirements of wounds. To this end, in an embodiment, the present invention provides a method for providing nutritional support to a patient with an acute or chronic wound comprising the step of administering a therapeutically effective amount of composition comprising a protein source including an arginine source and a proline source in the ratio by weight of approximately 1:0.5 to about 4:1. The composition may also include a carbohydrate source, a lipid source including an appropriate n6:n3 ratio, and at least the U.S. RDA for vitamins and minerals provided in an amount of formula supplying 1000 kcal, with vitamin A, beta-carotene, vitamin C, vitamin E, thiamine, pyridoxine, biotin and zinc being supplied in amounts above the U.S. RDAs.

Abstract: Blends of sugar and a triglyceride component, wherein the triglyceride component comprises.gtoreq.40% SU.sub.2and 3-50% S.sub.2 U while its N.sub.20 >35 and its N.sub.30 <10(S=saturated fatty acid 18-24 C atoms, U=unsaturated fatty acid.gtoreq.18 C atoms)are suitable for the preparation of low-SAFA filling fat compositions or low-SAFA ice-cream coatings.

Abstract: This invention relates to plant thioesterases, specifically plant acyl-ACP thioesterases having substantial activity on palmitoyl-ACP substrates. DNA constructs useful for the expression of a plant palmitoyl-ACP thioesterase in a plant seed cell are described. Such constructs will contain a DNA sequence encoding the plant palmitoyl-ACP thioesterase of interest under the control of regulatory elements capable of preferentially directing the expression of the plant palmitoyl-ACP thioesterase in seed tissue, as compared with other plant tissues, when such a construct is expressed in a transgenic plant. This invention also relates to methods of using a DNA sequence encoding a plant palmitoyl-ACP thioesterase for the modification of the proportion of free fatty acids produced in a plant seed cell. Plant palmitoyl-ACP thioesterase sequences exemplified herein include Cuphea, leek, mango and elm.

Abstract: The present invention provides an enteral nutritional formulation that meets the nutrient requirements of intensive care patients who may have compromised absorption capacity. The present invention meets the unique nutrient needs of the patient that are generated due to tissue repair and healing requirements. To this end, in an embodiment the present invention provides a method for treating and/or providing nutritional support to intensive care patients comprising the steps of administering a therapeutically effective amount of a composition comprising: a protein source; a carbohydrate source; and a lipid source including a source of medium chain triglycerides, a source of omega-3 fatty acids, and a source of omega-6 fatty acids.

Abstract: The invention concerns bakery doughs or batters comprising the conventional ingredients, wherein, however, the fat applied displays:a SAFA content of less than 40 wt. %;an N.sub.20 (unstab., NMR pulse) of .gtoreq.10,while the triglyceride composition is:S.sub.2 U=5-50 wt. %;(U.sub.2 S+U.sub.3)>35 wt. %;S.sub.3 =0-37 wt. %,S being saturated fatty acid C.sub.1 -C.sub.24 ;U being unsaturated fatty acid C.sub.18+.

Abstract: The present invention provides an enteral nutritional formulation that meets the nutrient requirements of intensive care patients who may have compromised absorption capacity. The present invention meets the unique nutrient needs of the patient that are generated due to tissue repair and healing requirements. To this end, in an embodiment the present invention provides a method for providing nutritional support to intensive care patients comprising the steps of administering a therapeutically effective amount of a composition comprising: a protein source; a carbohydrate source; and a lipid source including a source of medium chain triglycerides, a source of omega-3 fatty acids, and a source of omega-6 fatty acids.

Abstract: A process of forming a liquid edible emulsion spread and the product itself is described. A tempering accelerator in an amount of from 2-10% by weight incorporated in a fat blend. The accelerator is preferably 2-elaidoyl triacylglycerol.

Abstract: A method for breeding an infant livestock is disclosed, which comprises orally administering a liquid feed composition comprising, as the main component, fats and oils having a fatty acid composition comprising 10% by weight or more of a saturated fatty acid having 6 to 12 carbon atoms to a newborn livestock within 24 hours from its birth. According to the present invention, the survival rate of an infant livestock, in particular, newborn pigs weighing less than 1 kg at birth can be improved and the growth efficiency of newborn pigs till weaning can be elevated.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for providing nutrition to elderly patients. Pursuant to the present invention, the enteral composition includes a protein source, a lipid source, and a carbohydrate source. Preferably, the protein source includes at least 18% of the total calories. In an embodiment, the carbohydrate source includes a source of dietary fiber including a balance of soluble to insoluble fiber ratio of approximately 1:3. Still further, the composition of the present invention also includes increased levels of certain vitamins and minerals.