Abstract: Disclosed is a method of making a free-standing polyimide film. A solution is prepared of a polyamic acid 20 to 98% imidized in an organic solvent and a coating of the solution is applied to a non-stick substrate. The coating is heated to a temperature high enough to evaporate all but 1 to 20 wt % of the solvent and form a film. The film is removed from the substrate and is heated to evaporate the solvent to less than 1000 ppm.

Abstract: The invention relates to an intumescent one-component sealant based on polyurethane and containing an intumescent agent and a vitreous fusible filler. The intumescent agent and the vitreous filler have been pretreated by reaction with an isocyanate having a functionality of at least 2. The sealant is stable in storage and is an effective fire barrier in the event of fire.

Abstract: A vehicle masking material and method of use. The masking material in one embodiment includes polyvinyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, glycerine or triethylene glycol, a surfactant, and water. The masking material is applied to a surface which is to be protected from paint overspray or other mechanical process, allowed to dry, and paint is applied. After drying of the paint, the masking material is removed by peeling or water washing.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for treating asbestos to minimize the formation of airborne particulate of asbestos by applying to the asbestos an aqueous composition containing certain water-dispersible polymers. The method is especially useful when used in conjunction with the removal of asbestos from asbestos-coated objects.

Abstract: The disclosed invention provides a method of forming refractory linings for maintaining refractory linings against attack by corrosive materials such as those present in steel manufacture. The method entails spraying an aqueous mixture of a refractory composition that includes at least one refractory material onto the working surface of a refractory lining. Spraying is performed to provide one or more layers of the refractory composition on the refractory lining after each exposure of the lining to corrosive materials such as those incurred in steel manufacture.

Abstract: Sacrificial coatings are applied to the rounded ends of the flattened spiral laminates for wound film capacitors. The coated laminates are positioned between tapes masking their flat surfaces. The end faces of those laminates are then sprayed with the schoopage metal and the laminates are subsequently tumbled to remove the coatings and any overspray appearing on their rounded surfaces.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reacting sodium vapor with gaseous chlorides in a flame to produce nanoscale particles of un-oxidized metals, composites and ceramics. The flame is operated under conditions which lead to condensation of a NaCl by-product onto the particles. The condensate encapsulates the particles and aids in controlling desired particle size and preventing undesirable agglomeration among the particles during synthesis. Following synthesis, oxidation of the particles is inhibited by the encapsulation and handling character of the products is greatly enhanced. Electron microscopy has revealed that synthesized products are composed of discrete nanoparticles in a NaCl matrix. The NaCl encapsulate has been effectively removed from the particles by both washing and known sublimation technique at 800.degree. C. under low pressure.

Abstract: A method for removing a liquid crystal alignment film from a liquid crystal cell substrate having the alignment film formed by coating a solution containing, as the main component, a polyamic acid having, as the main repeating units, a chemical structure of the following formula (1): ##STR1## wherein each of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R.sub.3 is a bivalent organic group constituting a diamine, and n is from 10 to 1,000, followed by baking, which method comprises irradiating said liquid crystal cell substrate with ultraviolet rays having wavelengths within a range of from 230 to 300 nm and then treating it with an aprotic highly polar organic solvent or an alkaline solvent.

Abstract: Solvent free liquid masking compositions comprise from about 5 to about 20 percent by weight of an aliphatic polyol; from about 5 to about 20 percent by weight of a plasticizer; from about 0.1 to about 1 percent by weight of a surfactant; and sufficient water to total 100 percent by weight. A method for protecting selected surfaces from paint in painting operations comprises applying a solvent free liquid masking composition to selected surfaces of an object where paint subsequently applied is not desired; allowing the liquid masking composition to dry, forming a film; painting the object, whereby surfaces carrying the film are protected from the application of paint; and removing the film.

Abstract: For providing a molded catalyst or a supported catalyst which has an excellent mechanical strength and is intended for producing methacrolein and methacrylic acid from isobutylene or tertiary butanol, the surface of a molded catalyst or a supported catalyst which contains molybdenum, bismuth and iron is coated with one or more highly depolymerizable organic high-molecular weight compounds.When used, the catalyst is packed into a reactor and then heated to remove the organic high-molecular weight compound(s) by depolymerization.

Abstract: In the method for coating substrate surfaces which are not water-absorbent, the substrate surfaces are coated with an aqueous composition which comprises an aqueous solution, dispersion and/or emulsion of film-forming substances and water-repellent substances, in which the coating can be removed by treatment with water. The method is also suitable for coating porous, water-absorbent substrates if the substrates are treated with a water-repellent prior to coating with the aqueous composition.

Abstract: This invention provides a composite article having discrete microstructures partially encapsulated within a layer. A method of making the same is also provided. The article of the present invention is useful for visible radiation absorbing devices, such as, for example, selective solar absorbers, flat plate solar collectors, solar absorption panels, and solar cells.

Abstract: A vehicle masking material and method of use. The masking material in one embodiment includes polyvinyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, glycerine or triethylene glycol, a surfactant, and water. The masking material is applied to a surface which is to be protected from paint overspray or other mechanical process, allowed to dry, and paint is applied. After drying of the paint, the masking material is removed by peeling or water washing.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new lottery ticket paper for the manufacture of different kinds of lottery tickets, especially of the "instant lottery ticket" type, and a method of manufacturing said tickets. The lottery ticket paper is characterized in that it comprises a colored, opaque base paper coated on both sides with a composition comprising at least one pigment, a filler, a binder solution, and optionally viscosity regulating agents and some kind of security element. The lottery ticket paper is protected against see-through and various kinds of forgery. It is an environmentally pleasing, nonexpensive and from the production-technical point of view suitable alternative to existing foil-laminated lottery ticket papers.

Abstract: A method of making a strippable tight buffered cable is disclosed, the cable comprising an optical waveguide fiber, a first protective coat circumscribing and in contact with the outer surface of the optical waveguide an interfacial layer circumscribing and in contact with the external surface of the first protective coating composed of particles of solid lubricant held together with a cross-linked film-forming binder, and a second protective coating circumscribing the external surface of the interfacial layer. Apparatus for making the strippable cable is also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to an aqueous coating composition a film or barrier layer. The aqueous coating, in a pseudoplastic thixotropic mixture having a yield point, can be applied to surfaces in heated food preparation units. The composition can be easily applied to a variety of surfaces, and can advantageously cling to vertical or substantially inclined surfaces in order to form a barrier film or coating. The coating can result in a smooth uniform coating. The film, upon heating forms a barrier layer which can facilitate the removal of food soils which can form during food preparation activities after formation of the barrier film layer. The compositions of the invention can be used in methods for coating the interior heated surface of food preparation units by applying the aqueous material through a spray or other aerosol apparatus to form a clinging aqueous coating.

Abstract: A process affording protection to solid surfaces and especially coastal areas against hydrocarbon pollution involves applying a protective layer composed of polysaccharides containing pendant carboxyl groups, such as alginates or lightly methylated pectins.

Abstract: A method of treating surfaces to facilitate removal of graffiti comprises applying a coating of anti-graffiti material to a surface to form a graffiti barrier on the surface.. The anti-graffiti material is substantially free of organic solvents and comprises a water-based material containing waxes, sodium silicate, rosins, gums or combinations thereof. To remove graffiti applied to the coated surface, the surface is power washed with heated pressurized water having a pressure greater than 250 psi, and preferably in excess of 1000 psi. The surface is power washed, as needed, to remove graffiti, and following each one, two or several power washings, the anti-graffiti material is re-applied to the surface.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for the ammonia saturation of wood to impart flexibility thereto which includes the step of sealing the surfaces of ammonia-saturated wood with a polymeric film which has limited or no permeability to either or both ammonia and water vapor. Preferably, the polymeric film is flexible so the working of the wood product by bending, twisting, embossing, molding, etc. will not destroy the film. The polymeric film should also be soluble in a selected solvent, thereby permitting its removal after the wood has been formed in a final, desired shape to permit water vapor to re-establish crosslinking of the cellulose chains and restore its natural, rigid condition.

Abstract: A method and formulation are shown for capping dust-emitting bulk materials, such as materials being conveyed in open rail cars. A mineral formulation is prepared by mixing together lime, a pozzolanic component, a sulfate component, a fibrous component and water. The mineral formulation is applied to the surface of the dust-emitting bulk material and is allowed to harden to form a surface coating thereon.

Abstract: Porous graphite in solid form is hot isostatically pressed in a refractory metal container to produce a solid graphite monolith with a bulk density greater than or equal to 2.10 g/cc. The refractory metal container is formed of tantalum, niobium, tungsten, molybdenum or alloys thereof in the form of a canister or alternatively plasma sprayed, chemically vapor deposited, or coated by some other suitable means onto graphite. Hot isostatic pressing at 2200.degree. C. and 30 KSI (206.8 MPa) argon pressure for two hours produces a bulk density of 2.10 g/cc. Complex shapes can be made.

Abstract: A multi-component polish composition and polishing process for a surface. The polish composition comprises a multi-component mixture which when applied to a surface, e.g., the painted surface of a vehicle, under effective drying conditions forms a substantially dry hydrophilic wax-containing film which may be substantially removed from the surface by water rinsing of the surface whereby a hydrophobic protective layer is provided to the surface.

Abstract: The invention is a composition for providing a temporary coating to protect the surface of an article and a solvent free composition for rapidly removing the coating from the article. The invention also includes a method for protecting a surface of an article and a system for carrying out the process.

Abstract: A novel, layered, indicia-containing, surface-coating composite for application to a substrate such as a floor is disclosed. The novel composite comprises a layer of pressure-sensitive adhesive and a layer of indicia having the layer of pressure-sensitive adhesive on one side thereof. The pressure-sensitive adhesive layer secures the indicia layer to the floor. "Tack" properties of the pressure-sensitive adhesive may range from 50 to 2000 grams per square centimeter. The novel composite further includes an alkali-soluble transparent polymeric layer on the opposite side of the indicia layer. Also disclosed is a method of applying, and then selectably removing, such an indicia-containing surface-coating composite from the floor.

Abstract: An improved liquid spray masking composition including an effective amount of a non-volatile polyhydroxy component is provided. The preferred polyhydroxy components comprise polyglycerols, especially triglycerols or larger polyglycerols. The presence of such materials in masking compositions improves performance of the compositions with respect to inhibition of high temperature swelling, blistering or spotting of the painted surface to which it is applied.

Abstract: A vehicle masking material and method of use. The masking material in one embodiment includes polyvinyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, a plasticizer, a surfactant composition including a functional derivative of a fluorinated alkyl chain, and water. The masking material is applied to a surface which is to be protected from paint overspray or other mechanical process, allowed to dry, and paint is applied. After drying of the paint, the masking material is removed by peeling or water washing.

Abstract: A fastener of the hook and loop type intended to be incorporated into plastic articles by plastic molding processes is formed of a known separable fastener member having a base member and a plurality of engaging elements upstanding from one surface thereof. A covering which intimately surrounds the individual engaging elements protects the elements when exposed to the harsh environment of a molding process. This protecting covering is removable from the fastener after the molding process to expose the engaging elements without substantially destroying the performance thereof.

Abstract: A composition is provided for protecting exterior surfaces of automobiles and other products against abrasive dust, acid rain, etc. during delivery for sale. The composition is applied as a mixture of water solubilized acrylic acid copolymer, ph-neutral acrylic copolymer, alkyl alcohol, surfactant, and water. The composition dries on the exterior surface to form a tough flexible coating that can be removed by an alkaline aqueous detergent solution.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for removing a silicone resin coating from a substrate comprising contacting the silicone resin coating with an aqueous alkali solution, wherein the silicone resin in the coating is a solid silicone resin having the formula (HR.sub.2 SiO.sub.1/2).sub.n (SiO.sub.4/2).sub.m, wherein R is an alkyl group, m is a number greater than 0, n is a number greater than 0, and n/m is greater than 0.2.

Abstract: This present invention comprises a composition for cleaning unfired ceramic, porcelain and stoneware comprising a major amount of organic polar solvent, a small amount of glycerin and optionally minor amounts of dye and fragrance. The method of processing those materials without the risk associated with fine crystalline silica becoming air-borne is also described.

Abstract: A non-hardening, solvent removable hydrophobic conformal coating is provided for electronic devices, such as printed circuit boards. The coating material comprises a metal alkyl benzyl sulfonate, together with a carrier and a solvent. The metal alkyl benzyl sulfonate may include compounds such as calcium eicosanylbenzyl sulfonate. The carrier may be any oxidized hydrocarbon, such as lauryl ethanoxylate, for example, and the solvent may be any low boiling aliphatic hydrocarbon. Though the coating is impervious to water, it may be readily and selectively removed using a small quantity of a non-polar organic solvent, such as mineral spirits or terpenes. Thus, although the electronic device is protected from corrosion, electromigration and physical harm by the coating, the coating may be easily, quickly and selectively removed in the event a component needs replacement, repair or adjustment.

Abstract: A method of producing extruded ceramic products by extruding a ceramic forming material through an extruding opening, includes a step of coating a liquid, which is nonvolatile at ordinary room temperatures, on a surface of an extruded ceramic product. The liquid is preferably coated on the surface with the aid of capillary action. An apparatus for producing extruded ceramic products includes a forward end portion having an extruding opening for extruding a ceramic forming material and a guide passage for introducing the ceramic forming material into the extruding opening, a liquid supply section provided on the forward end portion for supplying a liquid, which is nonvolatile at ordinary room temperatures, to an outer surface of a product of the ceramic forming material extruded from the extruding opening, and a liquid supply device for supplying the liquid to the liquid supply section.

Abstract: The present invention provides surfacing films for the production of articles having uniform, high quality decorative features. The surfacing films have a thermoformable carrier layer that provides enhanced protection of the decorative features of the film during fabrication of the article. The carrier layer may be further utilized to impart a desired finish on the surfacing film during post-forming.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for engraving a metal plate in two or more colors. Selected areas of an oxidized aluminum plate are colored by a first dye to which the plate has an affinity. The selected areas may then be sealed by hydration. Portions of the selected areas of the colored oxidized aluminum plate can then be further engraved by the application of a focussed laser beam, which removes any of the first dye and the sealant, thereby restoring the affinity of the selected portions of the plate. The areas of the plate having an affinity for dyes can be colored by secondary and additional colors and shades thereof.

Abstract: An improved method of prevention of adhesion of hot-mix asphalt to dump trucks and other containers or equipment comprises preparing an aqueous dispersion of a vegetable oil and applying the dispersion to the surface of the container before loading the hot-mix asphalt therein. Vegetable oils which are useful as release agents in aqeous dispersion include cottonseed oil, soya oil, rate (canola) oil, peanut oil, corn oil, sunflower oil, palm oil, coconut oil, and palm kernel oil. The oil is emulsified in water, using a suitable emulsifier, preferably a sorbitol base emulsifier, in the amount of 1-5 oz. per gallon of water. The oil and emulsifier are preferably premixed and supplied as a self-emulsifier composition. The resulting emulsion is applied in an amount to provide a thin coating on the wall of the container or equipment. The emulsion is applied in the amount of 3-4 qts. to coat a dump truck or 4-6 qts. to coat a trailer. The hot-mix asphalt is easily removed from the container, i.e.

Abstract: A vehicle masking material and method of use. The masking material in one embodiment includes polyvinyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, glycerine or triethylene glycol, a surfactant, and water. The masking material is applied to a surface which is to be protected from paint overspray or other mechanical process, allowed to dry, and paint is applied. After drying of the paint, the masking material is removed by peeling or water washing.

Abstract: The liquid mixtures according to the invention comprise at least one ethylene polymer (A) and at least one solvent (B), and are characterized in that:a) the ethylene polymer (A) comprises at least one terpolymer having a fluidity index comprised between 2 and 500 dg/min and comprising:from 83 to 95.7 moles % of units derived from ethylene,from 4 to 15 moles % of units derived from at least one alkyl acrylate or methacrylate, the alkyl group having from 1 to 6 atoms of carbon, andfrom 0.3 to 2 moles % of units derived from maleic anhydride,b) the solvent (B) is selected from amongst aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons having from 5 to 12 atoms of carbon, dechlorinated solvents and esters.The process comprises in a first step the dissolution of polymer (A), by stirring, in the solvent (B) at a temperature T (expressed in Celcius degrees) such that: 35.ltoreq.T.ltoreq..theta., .theta. being the boiling temperature of the solvent (B).

Abstract: A strippable coating composition is shown for use as a temporary protective coating on a variety of substrates. The composition includes a water based polymeric emulsion which is dispersed in an aqueous carrier to form a stable emulsion. Release aids are incorporated in the composition which allow the protective coating to be removed by peeling or washing off with water.

Abstract: A food-safe composition for the pretreatment of a surface, preferably an oven or a broiler, which may be subjected to heat is liable to soiling by organic food deposits, especially baked-on food deposits.

Abstract: The number of bent laminated glass windshields having bull's-eyes that adversely affect its optical properties is reduced by using amorphous precipitated silica particles such as is used as flatting agents for paints, as a parting material between a pair of glass sheets during bending. The particles form relatively soft agglomerates that are milled and classified to produce a narrow distribution of particle sizes as compared to the distribution found in untreated silica, such as diatomaceous earths previously used as a parting material.

Abstract: A method for treating fiber insulation to minimize the formation of dust and airborne particulate and waterproofing calcium silicate by applying to the insulation an aqueous composition containing certain water-dispersible polymers. The method is especially useful when used in conjunction with the removal of installed insulation.

Abstract: An electronic package comprising dielectric layers including a densified aluminum nitride (AlN) base layer and at least one densified AlN-borosilicate glass composite layer bonded thereto is described. Any of the dielectric layers may be metallized with conductive circuit patterns and can contain conductive vias. Production of this package is accomplished by hot pressing a greenware laminate comprising a densified base (e.g., AlN); at least one green sinterable sheet (e.g., AlN-borosilicate glass composite); and a green sheet of non-sinterable material (e.g., boron nitride [BN]). The respective green sheets comprise homogeneous mixtures of the ceramic powders and a binder, e.g., polyethylene. The polyethylene is burnt off during the hot press operation. Residual BN is removed by brushing and/or grit blasting, leaving the finished electronic package, all ceramic elements of which are densified. The package provides superior thermal conductivity, strength, dielectric properties, and silicon-compatibility.

Abstract: An activated carbon coated with an intumescent material which will expand at an elevated temperature and render the activated carbon resistant to oxidation. The activation carbon can be in granulated form, including pelletized, and impregnated. The intumescent material is preferably attached to about 10% of the exterior surface of the activated carbon and when exposed to a certain elevated temperature the intumescent material will expand and cover all or almost all of the exterior surface of the activated carbon thereby preventing its burning. The amount of intumescent material is not operable for causing a detrimental reduction in the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon when the coated activated carbon is at temperatures below the certain designed elevated temperature.

Abstract: A method of protecting a glass surface from damage, particularly where a stack of glass sheets is thermally processed at elevated temperatures. The method involves applying a coating of an inert, refractory material in the form of submicron particles to at least one of two opposed glass surfaces.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for stripping, from the surface of a support, a layer of paint which has been formed and hardened thereon, characterized by the requirement of a phase of pre-treating said support before the formation on the latter of the layer of paint to be stripped, said treatment consisting in applying on the support a covering product, selected among the following products: a pre-treatment vinyl resin paint, a polyurethane resin paint. It is also an object of the invention to provide products and compositions to be used in said process.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a novel composition and process for restoring the polymeric top coat applied to automobiles. Modern automobiles have a clear high gloss top coat applied to the painted surfaces. These top coats have a tendency to pit either because of environmental factors like acid rain, or impact with objects such as stones thrown from the road. The compositions and process described provide an efficient cost effective method to restore the pitted surface of the top coat.

Abstract: A process for protecting vehicle windshields and chrome-plated, painted and other vehicular surfaces with a coating which prevents adherence of insects impacting with such surfaces and any chemical reaction of bug remains therewith. The coating is water soluble and contains an oil barrier, surfactant, hydrophilic agent and lipophilic agent, among other ingredients. The impacted insect remains are easily removable by washing off the coating with water.

Abstract: Methods for providing temporary protective coatings on mechanic objects by applying thereto an aqueous emulsion of a lipophilic poly(meth)acrylate polymer predominately including esters of alcohols having at least four carbon atoms and then removing said temporary coatings when desired with an organic solvent which, with the polymer dissolved therein, is conveniently disposed of by combustion.

Abstract: Water-based compositions of the water-based wax emulsion type for protecting coating films are provided by emulsifying and dispersing, as essential components, [A] a disperse phase component and [B] an emulsifier component in water. The disperse phase component [A] is formed of (a) a petroleum fraction wax having a melting point of 50.degree.-90.degree. C., (b) an oxygen-containing wax having an oxygen content of at least 3.0 wt. % and a melting point of 50.degree.-85.degree. C., (c) an ethylene/.alpha.-olefin copolymer having a number average molecular weight of 2,000-20,000, and (d) a higher fatty acid metal salt and/or a metal-modified hard wax. The compositions can form, without the need for a solvent, strong barrier coats which are resistant to rain, moisture, sunlight and air pollutants even under severe environmental conditions. After these barrier coats are used, they can be easily removed with warm water containing a small amount of a solvent or steam.

Abstract: Paint stripping compositions and a method of removing paint and the like from a substrate is disclosed. More particularly, a stripping composition comprised of a polymeric resin, a water insoluble organic plasticizer, and a water miscible organic solvent, is provided for use in penetrating, softening, loosening and lifting the paint from a painted substrate while laminating with the paint. The lamination process is expedited by inclusion of steam heat and removal of the resultant laminate is accomplished by peeling, or more preferred, by blasting with pressurized steam or water.