Abstract: A component of a thermal processing apparatus for a fluid stream of hydrocarbons, a precursor glass for a glass-ceramic coating on such component and a method of inhibiting deposition of a material, such as carbon, on a surface of the component.

Abstract: Treatment process limiting the overoxidation of the sides of a coiled, hot-rolled sheet strip delivered from a strip mill, characterized in that a vitrifiable powder is sprayed onto the lateral portions of the coil, called edges, fusing at the time of its contact with the steel coil delivered from hot-rolling, the sheet strip undergoing cooling at a temperature below the coiling temperature, the cooling of the strip ensuring the solidification of an impervious enamel on the surface of the coil edges and air-tightness of the space contained between the turns of the coil.

Abstract: An anti-microbial porcelain enamel coating and a method of preparing the coating is provided. The porcelain enamel coating contains an anti-microbial agent having an anti-microbial metal compound such as silver, zinc, or copper disposed on a particulate support. The resulting porcelain enamel coating can be used, for example, as a coating over steel for those appliances and sanitary ware fixtures that could benefit from an increased level of resistance to microbes, mold, bacteria, and fungus.

Abstract: A method of providing an encodable layer on a glass object and on the resultant product. Said layer is formed by providing a paste containing glass frit, pigment and a binder, on the hot glass. As a result, the glass frit melts, causing the pigment to adhere to the glass object. The binder, which is used to render the paste spreadable, disappears from the mixture.

Abstract: An apparatus is described for producing a three-dimensional object from a powder material which includes powder particles and which is solidifiable by exposure to electromagnetic radiation. The apparatus includes a support having a substantially plane support surface for supporting said object, an applying device for applying a layer of the powder material to the support surface, a radiation device for selectively exposing the powder material to electromagnetic radiation at places corresponding to the object and a discharge electrode for generating an electric field for reducing charge differences on the powder particles.

Abstract: Coating and filler materials for localized thermal processing of glazed ceramics and other brittle and low thermal conductivity materials. The coating materials include oxide compositions that exhibit coefficients of thermal expansion which are less than about 8.times.10.sup.-6 /.degree. C. and glass transition temperatures which are less than about 400.degree. C. The filler materials include particulate oxide materials which do not substantially react during localized thermal processing of glazed ceramics and other brittle and low thermal conductivity materials. The coating and filler materials are useable together as a composite material for repairing cavities having depths greater than about 2 mm.

Abstract: The resistance of tableware decorations to cutlery scratches can be improved by using a decoration coloring substance whose coloring component is a molecular sieve charged with a metal selected from V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ag, Au, Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt and/or an ion or a compound of the metal. The coloring component is preferably an aluminosilicate or silicalite charged with Au, Pt, Pd or Cu.

Abstract: A method of protecting a metal against embrittlement when the metal is exposed to carbon or sulfur at an elevated temperature, the method comprising forming a thin, adherent, continuous coating of a glass on the surface of the metal prior to exposure to carbon or sulfur at an elevated temperature.

Abstract: A method for forming a coating of glass over a surface of a basis material, clay body, of a ceramic such as pottery, earthen ware, porcelain and stoneware instead of a conventional glaze coating. Glass grains are attached to the basis material surface of the ceramic and thereafter the glass grains are heated to be melted and form a coating of glass over the basis material. Glass grains can be attached to the basis material directly or by way of a glaze, water glass or adhesive. Further, the glass grains may be attached to the basis material by way of static electricity.

Abstract: A method of making a porous, hydrophilic layer with a high surface energy on a substrate for a printing plate, ink jet receiver or the like by the steps of grinding an inorganic gel containing a liquid to provide a fine coatable dispersion of inorganic gel, coating the dispersion of inorganic gel onto the substrate, and heating the dispersion coating to provide the porous hydrophilic layer.

Abstract: This invention provides a new lead-free glass composition, a glass frit of this composition, a process for its production and also coloring preparations containing such a glass frit and the use thereof. The glass composition according to the invention contains in mol-%K.sub.2 O 10-17B.sub.2 O.sub.3 10-25TiO.sub.2 15-30SiO.sub.2 35-55Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 0-5Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3 0-5S 0-3 and any oxide from the group consisting of PbO, CdO, ZnO, Li.sub.2 O, Na.sub.2 O, MgO, CaO, SrO, BaO and P.sub.2 O.sub.3 which is present being present in a quality of less than 0.5 wt-% in each case. Glass frits of this composition are very suitable for use in coloring preparations for the production of glass enamels, in particular for panes of glass for automobiles. Glass frits according to the invention can be stoved at low temperatures, exhibit good anti-sticking properties, a high resistance to acids and a diminished migration of silver.

Abstract: A method for collecting ground coat and cover coat overspray material generated during the enameling of sanitary ware. The collected overspray material is blended with a fine powder, water is added to the overspray-powder blend to form a slurry, the rheology is adjusted and the resulting slurry is ready for application to the sanitary ware.

Abstract: An article such as a spacecraft thermal radiator includes a substrate having a white thermal control coating thereon. The thermal control coating is formed of a matrix of a silica/silicate transformation product of a ceramic precursor, and a plurality of doped zinc oxide pigment particles distributed in the matrix. The zinc oxide pigment particles are doped with an element that forms shallow donorlike states in the zinc oxide. The coating has a solar absorptance of from about 0.2 to about 0.3 and an initial electrical resistivity of from about 1.times.10.sup.6 ohms per square to about 1.times.10.sup.8 ohms per square. The coating is stable at continuous operating temperatures of 225.degree. C., with short-term exposures of up to 800.degree. C.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a new lead-free glass composition with improved properties, a glass frit of this composition and its use for the production of glass-enamel, particularly for architectural glass. The glass composition contains in mole %:______________________________________ Na.sub.2 O 10-15 K.sub.2 O 0.1-2 SiO.sub.2 40-50 B.sub.2 O.sub.3 8-12 TiO.sub.2 4-7 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 0.1-3 ZnO 13-17 F 1-5 ______________________________________and less than 0.5 weight % each of the oxides of the series PbO, CdO, P.sub.2 O.sub.5, and alkaline earth metal oxides. Use of a dye preparation containing the glass frit at 600.degree. to 650.degree. C. results in bakeable glazed, crack-free, acid and base resistant enamel layers.

Abstract: A rare earth-based permanent magnet such as a neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet, which is disadvantageous in respect of the low corrosion resistance, can be imparted with high corrosion resistance by providing the surface with a protective coating film of vitrified alkali metal silicate, e.g., sodium silicate, of which the SiO.sub.2 :(alkali metal oxide) molar ratio is in the range from 1.5 to 20. The vitrified alkali metal silicate-based protective coating film can be formed by coating the surface of the magnet with an aqueous coating solution containing sodium silicate to form a coating layer which is dried and subjected to a heat treatment at 50.degree. to 450.degree. C. to effect vitrification of the alkali metal silicate. The thickness of the thus formed protective coating film should be in the range from 5 nm to 10 .mu.m.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a ceramic coating composition contains frit, suspending agent, binder, mica and pearlescent pigment and has a viscosity of about 10 to 50 second as measured by a Zahn cup with orifice diameter of 0.108 inch.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method of reducing marking of a heat softened glass sheet which results when portions of the sheet are contacted by glass sheet handling equipment. The portions of the sheet susceptible to marking are sprayed with an inert material having a melting point and decomposition temperature of at least 1200.degree. F. to form a layer that protects the sheet portion against marking from the equipment. In one particular embodiment of the invention, the lower major surface of a glass sheet is sprayed with an aqueous solution of sodium sulfate to form a layer of sodium sulfate along the glass surface which protect against marking of the glass by conveyor rolls.

Abstract: A cathode ray tube in which a glass-enamel layer having particles with a secondary electron emission coefficient smaller than 1, for example Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3 particles, is provided in the neck.The percentage of particles exceeds approximately 30% and the surface resistance ranges between 10.sup.10 and 10.sup.14 .OMEGA./.quadrature.. The high-voltage behaviour of such a layer is satisfactory. The convergence drift is relatively small. In addition, a description is given of a method of providing such a glass-enamel layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a joined product of heat-resisting alloys, comprising heat-resisting alloy sheets or foils optionally having an oxide film on their surfaces, said heat-resisting alloy sheets or foils being joined to each other at their surfaces facing each other with an composite having a melting point in the range of from 800.degree. to 1400.degree. C. The joined product of heat-resisting alloys is produced by putting the above-described composite oxide on a heat-resisting alloy in a sheet or foil form at its portion to be joined, putting another heat-resisting alloy in a sheet or foil form and heating the resulting assembly at a temperature of 9/10 or more of the melting point of the composite oxide.

Abstract: A new method for the manufacture of glass films on substrates involves the flame reaction of an aerosol comprised of droplets of a solution containing all the precursors for the glass. A solution containing the precursors for all oxide components is atomized, and the resulting droplets are reacted in a flame to form spherical glass particles which are deposited on a heated substrate. By moving the substrate through the flame, a homogeneous deposit is achieved. Subsequent heat treatment in a furnace sinters the porous particle layer into a clear glass. The method has been successfully employed for the formation of sodium borosilicate glass films on silicon substrates and rare earth-doped multicomponent glass films for active devices.

Abstract: A target element is formed by creating a precursor system which may yield an inorganic material at a temperature of 300-1600 C. which is lower than the melting point of said material. The precursor system contains an inorganic additive having a melting point no higher than. The precursor system is applied to a support other than a foam or metal felt, the resulting assembly is heated to said temperature and this temperature is maintained for a sufficient time to produce said inorganic material, whereafter the assembly formed by the inorganic material and the support is gradually cooled to room temperature. To produce the target, the target element (2) is bonded to a metal substrate (4) by means of a layer (3) of conductive adhesive.

Abstract: Large area decorations of glazings, ceramic paint or the like on glass ceramic, glass, ceramic or similar meltable substrates, in particular on glass ceramic cooking plates, are applied by the new method by means of a laser beam which is widened linearly over the entire width of the area to be decorated, as it were in a zone melting method. The linear energy supply zone is advanced at a speed high enough for essentially only the decorating material to be melted on or burnt in but ensuring that the thermal conduction front does not move appreciably into the substrate material.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of adherently depositing a thick film composition on an aluminum nitride substrate comprising the steps of providing an aluminum nitride substrate, providing a thick film composition, and applying the thick film composition on the aluminum nitride substrate. The thick film composition includes a glass frit binder, a conductive metallic material and a lithium-containing adhesion promoting compound.

Abstract: An application method for flux-free, frit-free luster pigments based on inorganic platelet-like particles with at least one metal oxide surface coating comprises initially applying the pigments to a vitreous surface such as a vitreous enamel on a metal substrate, a vitreous glaze on a ceramic substrate, glass, or an overglaze on a glass, enameled metal or glazed ceramic substrate. The vitreous surface is in a fused or unfused state prior to the luster pigment application. The luster pigment is surface applied to the vitreous surface. Next, the surface is heated to a temperature and for a time sufficient to fix the luster pigments to the surface.

Abstract: A method of forming a ceramic layer, which is compact and rich in adhesion to a metallic body, on the metallic body without adding binders even though said ceramics is hard to be sintered ceramics such as various kinds of non oxide ceramics. Said method comprises a step of placing ceramic powders and/or a mixture of ceramic powders and metallic powders or a mixture of metallic powders and non metallic powders on the metallic body and a step of forming the ceramic layer on the metallic body in a moment by a reaction heat of the Thermit.RTM. reaction under the pressurized condition. In addition, a metallic insert member can be disposed between said metallic body and various kinds of powder placed on said metallic body. Furthermore, the resulting ceramic/metal composite member is subjected to a hot hydrostatic pressing or a hot pressing under high temperatures and high pressures.

Abstract: A process for forming a high temperature oxidation resistant coating on a carbon-carbon composite is disclosed and claimed. The process comprises applying a cyclosiloxane monomer blend containing a filler such as silicon carbide to a carbon-carbon composite, polymerizing and pyrolyzing said blend to form a filled black glass protective coating on the carbon-carbon composite.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved pack mixture composition useful for the formation of a SiC pack cementation coating for protecting a carbonaceous substrate from degradation at temperatures above about 800.degree. F. comprising: Si from about 15% to about 50% by weight of the total composition; B up to about 25% by weight of the total composition when present; SiO.sub.2 from about 0.01% to about 3% by weight of the total composition; and SiC from about 40% to about 85% by weight of the total composition and method thereof.The invention further relates to a cork release agent composition for providing the clean release of spent pack composition from a carbonaceous substrate.

Abstract: A moving bed reactor for the treatment of fluid in a countercurrent process includes a reactor vessel having, in an upper region thereof, an inlet for receiving particulate material and an outlet for discharging treated fluid, the reactor vessel also having, in a lower region thereof, a downward tapering first funnel leading to an outlet, the first funnel guiding the particulate material to the outlet for discharge from the reactor vessel, the first funnel being formed by wall sections which mutually overlap in louvre fashion to create slot-shaped passages for the fluid to be treated to enter the vessel.

Abstract: Vitreous ceramic composition belonging to the SiO.sub.2 -Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 -LiO.sub.2 -TiO.sub.2 system in which the components are selected in ranges of definite percentages with the addition of elements exercising a given nucleating effect of promotion of growth of polycrystalline phases and designed to be used as a coating composition to be deposited directly in dry granular form on incandescent supports for producing ceramic with high crystallization speed.

Abstract: A process for making an electrically conductive pattern on a substrate including forming a patterned adhesive layer on the substrate, applying a conductive metal powder to the adhesive layer, and in a second coating pass, applying a powder containing supplementary elements to the pattern. The patterned substrate is fired to volatilize theadhesive layer and sinter the powders. This process can be used to make printed circuits on ceramic substrates which are useful in hybrid circuits, for example.

Abstract: A dense coating of a calcium phosphate compound is formed on the surface of a bioadaptable ceramic substrate by applying to the ceramic calcium metaphosphate alone or a mixture of calcium metaphosphate with calcium pyrophosphate, heat-treating the applied layer thereby fusing the applied layer to the surface of the ceramic, then applying to the fused layer a slurry resulting from the mixture of calcium metaphosphate with tetracalcium phosphate, and subsequently heat-treating the applied layer of the slurry thereby inducing reaction of the slurry.

Abstract: Fine copper and nickel powders are well mixed in a preselected ratio with bonding agents and carriers as appropriate. The composition then may be patterned upon a substrate by screen printing and subsequent firing in a nitrogen atmosphere to produce a low sheet resistance, low TCR electrical resistor. Various alloy powders, inert materials, and glass frits may be used depending upon the desired characteristics.

Abstract: A structure for packaging semiconductor integrated circuits including a ceramic housing consisting of a base and cap having opposed mating surfaces for subsequent mating during a cap-to-base sealing operation that encapsulates an integrated circuit within the ceramic housing. Each of the base and cap mating surfaces having at least one thin sintered layer consisting of at least two sealing glass paste compositions sequentially printed onto each of the opposed mating surfaces before being sintered. The sealing glass paste compositions containing a mixture of glass powder and a liquid vehicle. A first of the compositions is characterized by having a glass-to-vehicle ratio range of 9:1 to 15:1 which is facilitated by having a liquid vehicle containing a mixture consisting of 93 wt % isotridecyl alcohol, 5 wt % diacetone acetate and 2 wt % acrylic resin and a glass powder selected from the group of LS0113, LS2001B, XS1175M, and T187 industry type glass powders.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing a protective layer on a ceramic or a ceramic composite body. Stated more particularly, by subjecting a ceramic or a ceramic composite body being interconnected residual metal therein to a particular atmosphere, a protective layer can be formed from the interconnected metal. Such a layer can be protective, especially in corrosion environments which include various gaseous or solid species containing sodium and silicon, such as those found in glass tanks.

Abstract: The disclosed invention describes a method for cladding surfaces of an earth boring apparatus, or the like, with a hardfacing material having an entrained, or encapsulated, heavy metal refractory carbide. The method includes heating the surface to the incipient melting temperature and applying a molten super-alloy matrix material that has a melting temperature below the melting temperature of the carbide. The super-alloy, in a powder form, is pre-mixed with the carbide material, also in a powder form, such that, when the molten surface and the molten super-alloy cool, they form a metallurgical bond, at the surface, with the carbide material mechanically retained within the solidified matrix material.

Abstract: A method for preparing substrates for VLS fiber producing reactions and a method for preparing SiC fibers by the VLS process. The first method includes the steps of forming an alcohol sol containing a fiber growth promoter material precursor, applying the sol to at least one surface of the substrate and drying the sol. More particularly, the steps can include forming a sol of colloidal hydrous metal oxide particles in a liquid, the metal oxide being a fiber growth promoter material precursor and the liquid being capable of dissolving a salt of the metal and of wetting the substrate surface as a sol, applying the sol to at least one surface of the substrate and drying the sol.

Abstract: A porous substrate is formed from an agglomeration of fibers preferably has a carbonaceous composition and a binder is applied to the substrate. The binder may illustratively be an acrylic or beeswax to vaporize during pyrolysis or may illustratively be a phenolic resin, a furfural resin or pitch to retain pyrolyzed carbon on the fibers after pyrolysis. A mixture of particles having the same approximate size as the diameter of the fibers is then applied to the fibers to become mechanically locked in the substrate pores.

Abstract: The process provides for the firing in a furnace of ceramic bodies and their coating in an incandescent state on one face with dry granular or powdered glaze when all firing reactions of the ceramic bodies have substantially reached completion; a subsequent thermal treatment fires the glaze and gradually cools the tile.The apparatus for carrying out the process provides for a furnace for firing ceramic bodies, the furnace being divided into two section between which is a device for distributing glaze over the ceramic bodies conveyed to pass through the furnace.

Abstract: An apparatus for applying glaze, in the form of granules, to hot tiles, having a dispenser including at least an inclined surface with a pouring edge for cascade or curtain coating of the glaze onto the hot tiles brought below it, preferably conveyed on rollers. Provision is preferably made for successive pouring edges aligned transversally to the tile conveyor system, and respective inclined surfaces, in particular, in the form of rotating wheels, which are internally traversed by cooling liquid.

Abstract: A glassy material and painting method comprising exposing a plain surface of a metal material to be painted, applying a vaporizable rust preventive on the surface, and then spraying a powdered glassy material onto the surface thus obtained to form a glassy surface coat.

Abstract: In the method, the radio frequency (RF) antenna is made by providing a clean coil made of copper tubing or other metal conductor, which is coated with a tacky organic binder, and then with a powdered glass frit, as by sprinkling the frit uniformly over the binder. The coil is then heated internally in an inert gas atmosphere, preferably by passing an electrical heating current along the coil. Initially, the coil is internally heated to about 200.degree. C. to boil off the water from the binder, and then to about 750.degree. C.-850.degree. C. to melt the glass frit, while also burning off the organic binder. The melted frit forms a molten glass coating on the metal coil, which is then cooled to solidify the glass, so that the metal coil is covered with a thin continuous homogeneous impervious glass coating of substantially uniform thickness.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for coating metal strips on both sides with an enamel base coat and on at least one side thereof with an enamel top coat by continuously passing such strips in a contactless manner through baking furnaces. For the heat treatment following the coating step, the metal strips are vertically admitted into a baking furnace, and vertically guided through the baking furnace.

Abstract: A retroreflective sheeting utilizing a particular polymer as the bead bond layer is disclosed. The polymeric bead bond comprises urethane and urea linkages, and has a stage prior to thermosetting in which it may be softened by the application of heat and in which it has a relatively nontacky character. The retroreflective sheeting disclosed possesses the unique combination of high reflectance and superior exterior durability.

Abstract: A filler material for filling an outlet aperture of a casting ladle or similar container, comprising a particulate core principally composed of quartz and a coating layer which covers a surface of the core, the coating layer having a multiplicity of fine particles principally made of at least one material selected from materials of feldspar group can be surely taken off from the outlet aperture of a casting ladle or other similar container to allow substantially complete opening of the aperture when the slide gate is opened.

Abstract: A method of planarizing or smoothing the surface of a ceramic substrate by deposition of a silicon nitride layer. The silicon nitride in addition to planarizing the surface forms an alpha particle barrier. The substrates suitable for planarization with silicon nitride in accordance with the method of the present invention are sintered oxide particles which are bonded with a silicon bonding phase. The silicon content of the silicon bonding phase is greater than the silicon content of the aggregate of the oxide particles. The silicon nitride is preferably deposited by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition, and the silicon bonding phase is preferably a glass.

Abstract: Freestanding glass reinforced ceramic protective coatings are made with a shrinkable silica preform technique. The coatings may be bonded to heat sensitive organic (plastic) or inorganic (ceramic or metal) substrates to provide thermal and impact protection.

Abstract: A glassy material spraying and painting method comprising directly spraying a powdered glassy material onto a surface of an object to be painted to form a glassy coat on the surface. It is also possible to perform an undercoat on the surface before the glassy material is sprayed thereon.

Abstract: A process for applying a vitreous enamel comprises applying a powdered vitreous frit to a metal, said frit having a water content of up to 0.03% by weight; this coated metal then being fired at a temperature in excess of the melting point of the frit, in a furnace having an atmosphere with a dew point of up to 10.degree. C. Metal particles may be admixed with the powdered frit to form a cermet or glass/metal composite. The powdered frit may be applied to a substrate as a non-aqueous slurry or an aqueous slurry including a polysaccharide based suspension agent.

Abstract: A ceramic shaped body having an improved mechanical strength which is useful for a structural material, such as engine parts, is produced by coating a slip which is substantially the same in the chemical composition as the ceramic shaped body and is very small in the difference of the thermal expansion coefficient at 800.degree. C. from the shaped body, on the surface of the shaped body, drying the coated shaped body, subjecting the thus treated shaped body to a hydrostatic press and firing such a shaped body.

Abstract: An electrically conductive substrate is coated with a material containing an unsintered powder of a metal active for electrochemical proton reduction and colloidal silica and the said material is heated on the substrate successively in an oxidizing atmosphere and then in a reducing atmosphere.The electrode may be employed as a cathode for electrolytic production of hydrogen in an alkaline medium.