Abstract: A biocompatible carrier for delivery of a therapeutic substance or an active agent is disclosed. The carrier contains a bioadhesive material allowing for increased residence time of the active agent at the treatment site.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for improved detection sensitivity of assays. The systems include an upper plate that is inserted into a well of testing well, such as a base microtiter plate. For bottom detection, a coating, including polymer coatings or membrane coatings, is applied to an insert portion of the upper plate, and the base plate includes transparent windows. In bottom detection, a detector will image from below the base plate. Alternatively, for top detection, the coating is applied to the well of the base plate, and the upper plate includes transparent windows. In top detection, a detector will image from above the upper plate. Analysis features, including capture antibody features or antigen features, can be printed on the coating surface for forward-phase assays or reverse-phase assays, respectively. Methods for making and using the same are disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a composition for glucose sensing obtained by dispersing in a solvent such as acetone a nanofibrous membrane fabricated by electrospinning a mixture containing poly(vinylidene fluoride) and poly(aminophenylboronic acid). Also disclosed is a method of fabricating a non-enzymatic glucose biosensor based on an electrospun nanofibrous membrane by depositing the composition on an electrode.

Abstract: A closed loop automated method for staining of a biological sample is provided. The method comprises providing a biological sample, staining at least a portion of the biological sample by flowing in a reagent, monitoring one or more optical characteristics of the biological sample, and calculating a figure of merit based on at least one of the optical characteristics. An automated device for iterative staining of a biological sample is also provided.

Abstract: A non-enzymatic glucose sensor and method for fabricating the sensor are disclosed. The glucose sensor contains at least one non-enzymatic electrode configured to catalyze the electro-oxidation of glucose in preference to other bio-molecules. The surface of the electrode comprises CuO nanoparticles. The sensor shows sensitivity and selectivity exceeding enzyme based devices presently in use.

Abstract: Protein binding onto a polymeric surface is enhanced by treating the surface with an amine-bearing polymer like poly(ethylene imine). When used in ELISA, the treated surface improves the performance of the assay.

Abstract: A method is disclosed herein for treating a polymeric surface to resist non-specific binding of biomolecules and attachment of cells. The method includes the steps of: imparting a charge to the polymeric surface to produce a charged surface; exposing the charged surface to a nitrogen-rich polymer to form a polymerized surface; exposing the polymerized surface to an oxidized polysaccharide to form an aldehyde surface; and exposing the aldehyde surface to a reducing agent. Advantageously, a method is provided which produces surfaces that resist non-specific protein binding and cell attachment and that avoids the use of photochemical reactions or prior art specially designed compounds.

Abstract: A process for producing an analytical aid for the detection of at least one analyte in a sample, such as a body fluid. The analytical aid includes at least one housing and at least one test element including at least one test chemistry. The process includes the following steps: providing the test element; and producing at least one housing part of the housing at least one shaping process, during which the test element is connected to the housing part.

Abstract: Methods using light force to fabricate WGM sensors including microresonators having target receptors selectively and substantially provided at only ribbon area of the microresonators.

Abstract: Molecular species that are immobilized in discrete locations on a planar support such as protein bands on a gel or a blotting membrane or species applied in dots or spots on a membrane are reacted with binding reagents that are applied through a porous hydrophilic transfer sheet placed over the planar support, the sheet having at least one region that is laterally bordered by a barrier with the binding reagent retained within the bordered region. The bordered region is placed directly over an area on the planar support where the molecular species are expected to reside if they are present on the support. The binding reagent is then delivered into the support to contact the species. Targeted delivery of the binding reagent is thus achieved with improved efficiency.

Abstract: A method of forming a biosensor electrode for lipopolysaccharide (LPS) detection includes providing a metal electrode, forming a metal electrode/3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) by depositing MPA on the metal electrode, forming a metal electrode/MPA/n-hydroxy-succinimide (NHS) by ester-bonding NHS and the MPA on the metal electrode/MPA, forming a metal electrode/MPA/nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) by amide-bonding NTA-C4—NH2 and the MPA of the metal electrode/MPA/NHS, and forming a metal electrode/MPA/NTA/Cu by coordinate-bonding Cu2+ and the NTA of the metal electrode/MPA/NTA.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to microfluidic structures, and more specifically, to microfluidic structures and methods including meandering and wide channels. Microfluidic systems can provide an advantageous environment for performing various reactions and analysis due to a reduction in sample and reagent quantities that are required, a reduction in the size of the operating system, and a decrease in reaction time compared to conventional systems. Unfortunately, the small size of microfluidic channels can sometimes result in difficulty in detecting a species without magnifying optics (such as a microscope or a photomultiplier). A series of tightly packed microchannels, i.e., a meandering region, or a wide channel having a dimension on the order of millimeters, can serve as a solution to this problem by creating a wide measurement area.

Abstract: A method of immobilising a biological molecule on a substrate comprises: (i) covalently attaching a substantially three-dimensional polysilane polymer to a substrate; and (ii) attaching a biological molecule onto and/or within the polymer. The method may additionally comprise the steps of coating the substrate (or the chemically protective layer) with a layer of radiation sensitive material, exposing the substrate to a source of radiation, and incubating the substrate in the presence of a first species of biological molecule.

Abstract: A stimuli responsive nanofiber that includes a stimuli responsive polymer, such as a thermally responsive polymer, and a cross-linking agent having at least two latent reactive activatable groups. The nanofiber may also include a biologically active material or a functional polymer. The stimuli responsive nanofiber can be used to modify the surface of a substrate. When the nanofiber includes a thermally responsive polymer, the physical properties of the surface can be controlled by controlling the temperature of the system, thus controlling the ability of the surface to bind to a biologically active material of interest.

Abstract: A method is disclosed herein for treating a polymeric surface to resist non-specific binding of biomolecules and attachment of cells. The method includes the steps of: imparting a charge to the polymeric surface to produce a charged surface; exposing the charged surface to a nitrogen-rich polymer to form a polymerized surface; exposing the polymerized surface to an oxidized polysaccharide to form an aldehyde surface; and exposing the aldehyde surface to a reducing agent. Advantageously, a method is provided which produces surfaces that resist non-specific protein binding and cell attachment and that avoids the use of photochemical reactions or prior art specially designed compounds.

Abstract: A new substrate makes it possible to modify surface properties relating to biocompatibility. Said substrate has an electron donating surface, characterized in having metal particles on said surface, said metal particles comprising palladium and at least one metal chosen from gold, ruthenium, rhodium, osmium, iridium, and platinum, wherein the amount of said metal particles is from about 0.001 to about 8 ?g/cm2. The substrate is suggested for different uses, such as for modifying the hydrophobicity, protein adsorption; tissue ingrowth, complement activation, inflammatory response, thrombogenicity, friction coefficient, and surface hardness.

Abstract: This invention is in the field of medical devices. Specifically, the present invention provides portable medical devices that allow real-time detection of analytes from a biological fluid. The methods and devices are particularly useful for providing point-of-care testing for a variety of medical applications. In particular, the medical device reduces interference with an optical signal which is indicative of the presence of an analyte in a bodily sample.

Abstract: A device for performing target activated transfer that includes a mounting surface for mounting a tissue sample; and a light source positioned to substantially uniformly irradiate both stained and unstained regions of the tissue sample with light energy that activates the reagent to selectively adhere the stained regions to a transfer surface. Also described is an automated system for transferring tissue from a tissue sample to a transfer substrate. The system includes means for holding a tissue section that includes targets specifically stained with an absorptive stain thereby resulting in a stained tissue surface, and a flexible transfer film that includes a lower thermoplastic layer in sufficient thermal contact with the stained tissue surface; an irradiating assembly configured to provide a predetermined uniform light dose to the entire tissue section; and means for applying a constant pressure to the transfer film during irradiation.

Abstract: A system and methods are provided for reducing electrochemical interference in a transdermal sampling and analysis device. A one-step transdermal glucose biosensor may calculate glucose concentrations that are artificially high compared to traditional home blood glucose sensors due to interference, which may be mitigated by forming an anti-interferent barrier layer over a sensing element. The anti-interferent barrier layer may be formed over a sensing layer and may possess a charge type which repels interferent molecules having the same charge type from interacting with the sensing layer disposed below the anti-interferent barrier layer.

Abstract: Novel membranes comprising various polymers containing heterocyclic nitrogen groups are described. These membranes are usefully employed in electrochemical sensors, such as amperometric biosensors. More particularly, these membranes effectively regulate a flux of analyte to a measurement electrode in an electrochemical sensor, thereby improving the functioning of the electrochemical sensor over a significant range of analyte concentrations. Electrochemical sensors equipped with such membranes are also described.

Abstract: A reusable nanowire field effect transistor for detecting biomolecular interactions. The field effect transistor contains nanowire covalently linked to a docking molecule, which is capable of binding to an anchor molecule in a reversible manner, i.e., at an association constant of 105 to 109 M?1.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to nucleic acid-lipid compositions for use in delivering nucleic acids to cells in vitro or in vivo. In particular, it relates to the preparation and use of resilient transfection sheets that comprise the nucleic acid-lipid compositions.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide methods of crosslinking various compounds and materials made by these methods. Materials made by embodiments of the invention include glucose sensors used in the management of diabetes.

Abstract: The invention is directed to enzyme immobilization compositions comprising: one or more enzymes, a humectant, an acrylic-based monomer, a water-soluble organic photo-initiator and a water-soluble acrylic-based cross-linker in a substantially homogeneous aqueous mixture. The invention is also directed to methods for forming sensors comprising such compositions and to apparati for forming arrays of immobilized layers on an array of sensors by dispensing such compositions onto a substrate.

Abstract: A chip for protein detection, a method for manufacturing the same, and a method for detecting protein by using the chip are provided in the present invention. The chip for protein detection of the present invention comprises: a substrate; a covalent modification layer disposed on the substrate; a fluorinated layer disposed on the covalent modification layer, wherein the fluorinated layer comprises fluorinated functional groups and bio-molecular binding groups; and antibody-binding molecules connecting to the bio-molecular binding groups.

Abstract: A method of forming a coating on a medical device having a controlled morphology is described. A medical device having a controlled morphology is described.

Abstract: A method of forming a coating on a medical device having a controlled morphology is described.

Abstract: An optical glucose sensor chip includes a substrate, a pair of optical elements formed on a surface of the substrate for introducing light into the substrate and for emitting the light from the substrate, and a glucose sensing membrane formed on the surface of the substrate at a position between the optical elements. The sensing membrane includes a color reagent substrate, a first enzyme which oxidizes or reduces glucose, a second enzyme that generates a material which makes the color reagent substrate exhibit color by a reaction with a product obtained by oxidation or reduction of glucose, a nonionic cellulose derivative, and an ionic polymer into which a buffer is incorporated. At least one of the first and second enzymes is coated with the ionic polymer, and the color reagent substrate. The first and second enzymes, the buffer and the ionic polymer are supported by the nonionic cellulose derivative.

Abstract: The invention provides decomposing apparatus which comprises a first sub-component and a first micro device comprising a decomposable material, wherein the sub-component comprises a drug, a medical kit, a micro-disease detection system, or an auto-navigation system. Also within the invention are methods for fabricating such apparatus.

Abstract: Generally, embodiments of the present disclosure relate to analyte determining methods and devices (e.g., electrochemical analyte monitoring systems) that have improved uniformity of distribution of the sensing layer by inclusion of a self-polymerizing hydrogel, where the sensing layer is disposed proximate to a working electrode of in vivo and/or in vitro analyte sensors, e.g., continuous and/or automatic in vivo monitoring using analyte sensors and/or test strips. Also provided are systems and methods of using the, for example electrochemical, analyte sensors in analyte monitoring.

Abstract: A method of treating the surface of a medical device with a biomolecule comprising the steps of: providing a polyolefin substrate forming a medical device; cleaning the polyolefin substrate; exposing the polyolefin substrate to a reactive gas containing acrylic acid and to plasma energy to yield a plasma-deposited polyacrylic acid coating on the polyolefin substrate; and attaching a biomolecule, such as heparin, to the polyolefin substrate following formation of the plasma-deposited polyacrylic acid coating on the polyolefin substrate.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an enzyme electrode and its producing method, which comprises: providing a substrate with a carbon surface; forming a gold surface on the carbon surface and thus forming an electrode; covalently bonding a mediator containing an aldehyde group to the electrode; and covalently bonding a glucose oxidase to the electrode.

Abstract: This invention relates to a surface discovery system and high-throughput combinatorial synthesis methods for generating large numbers of diverse surface coatings on solid substrates. The system is built upon a synthon which comprises at least three elements: a chemical backbone coating on the solid substrate that comprises a copolymer (B) of at least one passive constituent (P) and at least one active constituent (A); a spacer unit (S) separating the backbone from a functional group; and a functional group (F). The methods comprise the following steps: 1) selecting a plurality of synthons so that each synthon has at least two points of diversity selected from P, A, S and F; 2) applying copolymer B onto a substrate; and 3) attaching a combination of S and F to constituent A of copolymer B. Steps 2) and 3) are performed such that different synthons are generated on localized regions of the substrate.

Abstract: The invention is directed to methods for coating monolayer films of surface-active polymers onto substrates of arbitrary shape, and molecular-based methods and processes to control the chemical and physical nature of surfaces and interfaces. The invention is also directed to methods for modifying a surface of a monolayer comprising a) coating a monolayer on a substrate, wherein the monolayer is formed by self-assembly of end-surfactant molecules, thereby positioning a photoactive functional group at the air-monolayer interface; and b) exposing the monolayer to radiation, wherein each organic group of the monolayer contains a first functionality that is not converted to a second functionality upon exposure to acid.

Abstract: The invention is directed to enzyme immobilization compositions comprising: one or more enzymes, a humectant, an acrylic-based monomer, a water-soluble organic photo-initiator and a water-soluble acrylic-based cross-linker in a substantially homogeneous aqueous mixture. The invention is also directed to methods for forming sensors comprising such compositions and to apparati for forming arrays of immobilized layers on an array of sensors by dispensing such compositions onto a substrate.

Abstract: The method comprises chemical modification of an optionally metallized polymer surface, for example a polycarbonate surface or a polymethacryllate surface functionalized with amino groups, said surfaces being optionally metallized, by treating said polymer surface with a mercaptoalkanoic acid or the salts or derivates thereof. The surfaces obtained by said method may be used as solid supports for immobilizing biomolecules, such as nucleic acids, proteins or membranes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a solution for nanoplasmonic measurement using a nanoplasmonic device with a short range order structure of trough going channels in contact with a fluid flow cell. The device is manufactured in a micro machine process comprising steps of using combined colloidal lithography, thin film deposition and etching steps on the micro/nano scale, for chemical or bio analytical sensing, and other uses. The solution makes use of shifts in the nanoplasmonic resonance, an optical property of the device that is sensitive to changes in refractive index induced by molecular reactions or other processes.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a nucleic acid detection device and method that incorporates bio-nanosensor technology to detect duplex DNA. The device is particularly applicable in detecting the presence or absence of duplex DNA and its correlation to the diagnosis of infectious diseases. In one embodiment, the infectious disease is Lyme disease or a bacterial or viral infection. The device comprises a bio-nanosensor element comprising ssDNA primed nanotubes, either single walled or multi-walled. The method comprises contacting the bio-nanosensor element with a test solution potentially containing DNA of interest. DNA of interest that hybridizes to the ssDNA results in a measurable change in the electrical properties of the bio-nanosensor. Correlations between the results provided by the device and the presence of disease states can result in rapid diagnosis of diseases such as Lyme disease or foodborne infections such as salmonellosis.

Abstract: An object support retainer, which allows object supports to be supported stably for automated dyeing processes and at the same time the uncontrolled drainage of reagent by means of capillary currents to be prevented. The device has at least one bearing surface (3) including a longitudinal web (4) and a transverse web (5), b) the underside (9) of the object support (2) comes to lie substantially centered on the longitudinal web (4), and c) the bearing surface (3) has a smooth surface (29) so that the object support (3) is retained by adhesive forces between overflowing treating agent and the underside (9) of both the object support (3) and the smooth surface (29).

Abstract: The present invention discloses a biochip with a three-dimensional structure. The surface of the three-dimensional mesoporous layer is chemically modified to recognize labeled DNAs, proteins, peptides, saccharides, and cells. In addition, this invention also discloses a method for preparing the biochip with a three-dimensional mesoporous layer, including a blending process, a heating process, a coating process, a gelation process, a cleaning process, a drying process, and a surface modification process.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of treating a polyvinyl difluoride (PVDF) membrane comprising: (a) contacting said membrane with an alcohol and a wetting agent; and (b) drying said membrane.

Abstract: In a method to ensure the removability and/or the mobility of at least one element cast in a casting compound for a module of a medical apparatus, wherein the element is coated with a meltable substance before the casting, the meltable substance is melted by heating after the casting in order to remove and/or to produce the mobility of the element.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a molecularly imprinted structure for detection of a pentraxin protein and a method for preparing the same by synthesizing a reactive group-pentraxin protein ligand complex specifically reacting with the pentraxin protein and being polymerizable with a crosslink agent to detect a pentraxin protein by using the complex. The present disclosure also provides a chip for detection of a C-reactive protein and a method for preparing the same, the chip including a molecularly imprinted layer having excellent sensitivity to a C-reactive protein and an improved binding force to a metal substrate by using click chemistry.

Abstract: An enzyme electrode and its producing method are disclosed. The method includes providing a substrate having a carbon surface; forming a gold surface on the carbon surface and forming an electrode; modifying the gold surface by L-cysteine; modifying the gold surface by N,N?-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide; and chemically bonding the modified gold surface with a glucose oxidase.

Abstract: Intermediates and methods for forming activated metal complexes bound to surfaces on oxide layers, immobilizing beads to the modified surface and articles produced thereby are described. Hydroxyl groups on the oxide surfaces are reacted with a metal reagent complex of the formula Y(L-Pol)m, where Y is a transition metal, magnesium or aluminum, L is oxygen, sulfur, selenium or an amine, and “Pol” represents a passivating agent such as a methoxyethanol, a polyethylene glycol, a hydrocarbon, or a fluorocarbon. The resulting modified surface can be further reacted with a passivating agent having a phosphate functional group or a plurality of functional groups that are reactive with or that form complexes with Y.

Abstract: Novel membranes comprising various polymers containing heterocyclic nitrogen groups are described. These membranes are usefully employed in electrochemical sensors, such as amperometric biosensors. More particularly, these membranes effectively regulate a flux of analyte to a measurement electrode in an electrochemical sensor, thereby improving the functioning of the electrochemical sensor over a significant range of analyte concentrations. Electrochemical sensors equipped with such membranes are also described.

Abstract: A complex, which has been formed by at least two pieces of a ligand and a first metal ion, is bound with a carrier. A second metal ion is then added onto the carrier, a new complex being thereby formed. A substance that contains a Group-15 or Group-16 atom, which has metal coordinating capability, is then fixed to the first metal ion and the second metal ion.

Abstract: Processes are provided for preparing a substrate coated with a biomolecule, comprising: a) providing a substrate; b) coating the substrate with a polysiloxane, typically by exposing the substrate to a reactive gas containing siloxane functional groups and to plasma energy to yield a plasma-deposited polysiloxane surface on the substrate; c) rendering the polysiloxane surface amino functional; and d) contacting the amino-functional polysiloxane surface with a biomolecule under conditions effective to attach the biomolecule to the substrate. The coated substrate may be a medical device that demonstrates an ability to maintain gas permeability when in contact with blood or blood components, compared to a substantially identical medical device that has not been coated with a biomolecule using this process.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel silane compounds corresponding to the following formula (I): in which R1 can represent a methyl group, R2 and R3 can represent a hydrogen atom, A can represent —O—, E can represent an alkylene group, X can represent a methoxysilane group, Z can represent a simple bond and Y can represent an —N2 or —N—NH2 group. Use of these silane compounds to functionalize solid supports and to immobilize biological molecules on these supports.

Abstract: Micro-cavity resonant sensors have outer surfaces that are functionalized using click chemistry, e.g., involving a cycloaddition reaction of an alkyne functional group and an azide functional group. A first polymer linking element binds to an outer surface of the micro-cavity and has an azide functional group, which bonds to an alkyne functional group of a second polymer linking element as a result of a cycloaddition reaction. A functionalization element such as an antibody, antigen or protein for sensing a target molecule is bound to the second linking element.