Abstract: The calcium carbonate particles of the present invention are coated on their surface with (1) a fatty acid mixture comprising (1A) at least one of saturated fatty acids and salts thereof and (1B) at least one of unsaturated fatty acids and salts thereof, the (1A):(1B) weight ratio being in the range of 30:70 to 70:30, and (2) an organic compound such as a phthalic ester. The calcium carbonate particles of the invention easily disperse in the resin and other components that constitute an adhesive composition, and impart excellent viscosity stability and highly improved adhesion to the resulting adhesive.

Abstract: A display comprised of a first component containing spheres encapsulated within a wax, and thereover and thereunder said component substrates.

Abstract: A polymer article having structure (I), where P comprises the basic polymer and groups —L—CH(—X(R1)p)—CH2(—Y(R2)p); L is a part of a pending group utilized for introducing —X(R1)p and —Y(R2)p; X and Y are halogen, N, S and O; R1 is hydrogen, alkyl, acyl or R2 when X is N, O or S; R2 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkylaryl or arylalkyl in which the alkyl part may contain 1-18 carbons, or —R3(—NH—CR4═O)q or —R3(—NH2)q, —CR4═O or poly alkyloxy that may have been terminally acylated or alkylated; p is an integer 0-3, with the provisos a) p depends on X being halogen, O, S or N, and b) that if several groups R2 are present they may be identical or different; R3 is alkyl, —O-alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, phenylalkyl, with up to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl part, and R4 is C1-18 alkyl. q is an integer>O representing that one or more hydrogens in R3 may have been replaced with —NH2 or —NH—CR4═O.

Abstract: A zinc coating directly covers a bare ferrous base of parking meter housing parts. A non-epoxy thermosetting electrically insulating organic non-epoxy powder coating directly covers the zinc coating. The organic coating is directly applied to the zinc coating by electrostatically charging the powder and parts with opposite d.c. voltage polarities and by heating the powder so it adheres to and covers the zinc coating. Alternatively, the base is zinc, directly covered by the organic powder coating.

Abstract: Black iron-based composite particles of the present invention comprise: as a core particle black iron oxide particle or black iron oxide hydroxide particle having an average particle size of 0.08 to 1.0 &mgr;m; a coating layer formed on the surface of the black iron oxide particle or black iron oxide hydroxide particle, comprising at least one organosilicon compound selected from the group consisting of: (1) organosilane compounds obtained from alkoxysilane compounds, (2) polysiloxanes, or modified polysiloxanes and (3) fluoroalkyl organosilane compounds obtained from fluoroalkylsilane compounds; and carbon black coat formed on said coating comprising said organosilicon compound, in an amount of 1 to 30 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of said black iron oxide particles or black iron oxide hydroxide particles.

Abstract: Intercalated graphite flake which has enhanced exfoliation volume characteristics at relatively low exfoliation temperatures, e.g., 600° C. and even lower, is made by adding an organic expansion aid to the intercalant solution and heating a blend of intercalated particles and an organic reducing agent in the temperature range of 25° to 125° C.

Abstract: Improvements in the existing procedures and materials for conduct of high gradient magnetic separation (HGMS) are disclosed. The use of plastic coated matrices especially small spheres or balls which form superior magnetic gradient-intensifying supports are disclosed, along with improved methods and apparatus to conduct HGMS. The selection of small spheres in combination with the coating provides for uniform matrices of high stability.

Abstract: The Mg—Al-based hydrotalcite-type particles according to the present invention have a plate surface diameter as large as from 0.1 to less than 1.0 &mgr;m, an adequate thickness ranging from 0.02 to 0.08 &mgr;m and a heat-resisting time of not less than 160 minutes when measured by a specific method, and are, therefore, suitable as a stabilizer for chlorine-containing resins.

Abstract: A method of coating a liquid or solid particulate core involves dropping or suspending the particulate core in an atmosphere and then applying a liquid coating while the particulate core is dropped or suspended, the applying of the liquid coating being done by either (a) spraying the liquid coating onto the particulate core with an ink jet or (b) moving the particulate core through a fog of the liquid coating.

Abstract: A process for producing fine copper powder characterized by comprising mixing fat and oil into a dendritic electrolytic copper powder having an average particle size of 20 to 35 &mgr;m and a bulk density of 0.5 to 0.8 g/cm3 to coat the surface of the electrolytic copper powder particles with the fat and oil and pulverizing the coated particles by means of a jet mill of collision plate type.

Abstract: The present invention relates to amorphous inorganic materials having pores of controlled size and shape with one or more spatially organized functional groups formed therein. Much like the active site residues in an enzyme, these functional groups can be positioned in a defined three dimensional relationship within the voids and with respect to each other. By varying both the positions and identities of these functional groups, diverse sets of substrate specific adsorbents and non-biologically-based catalysts can be made.

Abstract: A process for preparing a dispersing component of an inorganic oxide sol which involves dehydrating an aqueous inorganic oxide sol by adding an azeotropic solvent to the aqueous inorganic sol to form an azeotropic mixture, carrying out azeotropic distillation and then surface-treating the dispersing component of the inorganic oxide sol with a silane coupling agent.

Abstract: A process for the production of coupling agent-treated inorganic particles, which process is excellent in surface-treatment uniformity and uses a coupling agent at high coefficient of utilization, the process comprising adding a solution of a coupling agent into an aqueous suspension of inorganic particles with stirring and, after the mixing with stirring, heat-drying the resultant suspension without dehydration by filtration and concentration, and a synthetic resin composition containing the above particles and having excellent properties.

Abstract: Process for preparation of hydrophilic or partially hydrophilic inorganic aerogels. The invention relates to a process for the preparation of hydrophilic or partially hydrophilic inorganic aerogels, which comprises pyrolyzing a hydrophobic inorganic aerogel in the presence of oxygen at temperatures in the range from 100 to 1000° C.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of producing a breathable film including producing an inorganic filler by treating particles of an inorganic particulate material comprising an alkaline earth metal carbonate compound by reaction with a hydrophobizing surface treatment agent comprising one or more aliphatic carboxylic acids having at least 10 chain carbon atoms to produce a hydrophobic coating on the particles including a classification step to result in an inorganic filler having a reduced level of interfering particles. The invention is also breathable polymeric films made using the novel filler.

Abstract: An adherent, transparent moisture barrier is applied to alkaline earth sulfide phosphor particles by stirring in an anhydrous polar solvent including a fluorinating compound present in a concentration of no higher than 0.02 molar until a transparent fluorine-containing moisture-impervious coating has been applied to the particles. The polar solvent is removed and the coated particles dried. A second moisture barrier can also be applied to ensure long term resistance of the phosphors to degradation by moisture.

Abstract: The present invention provides a soft magnetic powder composite core for an electric apparatus produced with soft magnetic particles having electric insulating layers on the surfaces thereof, wherein said electric insulating layers are formed by mixing said soft magnetic particles with an insulating layer-forming solution which comprises a phosphating solution and a rust inhibitor, which is an organic compound containing at least one of nitrogen or sulfur having a lone pair of electrons suppressing the formation of iron oxide and surfactant, and drying the treated soft magnetic particles at a predetermined temperature. The soft magnetic powder composite core is excellent in iron loss and magnetic flux density.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of treating silica, wherein dry silica is contacted with a reaction medium consisting essentially of concentrated aqueous acid and a hydrophobing agent selected from the group consisting of organosiloxanes and organochlorosilanes. The silica is then reacted with the hydrophobing agent in the reaction medium for about 90 minutes or less at a temperature from about 10° C. to about 40° C. to provide a hydrophobic treated silica. The hydrophobic treated silica then is recovered.

Abstract: A mixture of a binder and a particle material, the mixture having 50 to 90 volume percent of the particle material. The binder is curable in a temperature range of 50° F. to 90° F. The volume percent of the present composition provides an inherent permeability in any conventional application method. It can be sprayed or applied by hand and yet it still maintains an intrinsic permeability.

Abstract: The present invention provides a lithium nickel-layered rock salt-type oxide particle powder, a lithium cobalt-layered rock salt-type oxide particle powder or a particle powder of a solid solution of these layered rock salt-type oxides, wherein the surface of the particle is rendered hydrophobic by coating it with a coupling agent having both a hydrophobic group and a hydrophilic group. The layered rock salt-type oxide particle powder is free of an adverse effect caused by adsorbed water because of less amount of water adsorbed on the surface of the particle powder, high in electrochemical charging and discharging capacities, low in cycle deterioration, so that it is especially useful as a positive electrode active material in a lithium battery.

Abstract: Provided is a method of fluorescence imaging of living tissue using functionalized nanocrystals. The method comprises contacting an effective amount of functionalized nanocrystals with the living tissue; exposing the tissue to a spectrum of light suitable for exciting functionalized nanocrystals, present in fluorescently labeled tissue, to emit a emission spectrum comprising a fluorescence peak; and detecting any fluorescence peak emitted by the tissue exposed to the excitation spectrum of light, and obtaining a fluorescence image of the tissue. Also provided is a composition comprising a functionalized nanocrystal which is bound to a substrate in a living tissue.

Abstract: The present invention relates to metal oxide particles capable of being highly dispersed in organic materials to form transparent colloids and ceramers. The metal oxide particles of the present invention have surfaces attached to a dispersing aid and a degree of crystallinity of greater than 55 percent. The crystallite diameter of the metal oxide particles is greater than about 4 nanometers and less than about 20 nanometers. The present invention also relates to the colloids and ceramers prepared using these metal oxide particles and the methods associated with the preparation of the particles, colloids, and ceramers.

Abstract: Provided are methods for purifying functionalized fluorescent nanocrystals having affinity ligand operably bound thereto by using a solid support matrix in a reactor through which solutions are circulated, and by using an immobilized solid phase formed by operably binding functionalized fluorescent nanocrystals to the solid support matrix. Also provided are purified functionalized fluorescent nanocrystals having affinity ligand operably bound thereto which are purified using the methods according to the present invention to be substantially free of free affinity ligand.

Abstract: Hydrophobic, pyrogenically produced oxides having a ratio of dimethylsilyl groups to monomethylsilyl groups of 100:0 to 50:50 are prepared by using siloxanes or methylsiloxane mixtures D3 to D9 as hydrophobing agent.

Abstract: A mixture of a binder and a particle material, the mixture having 50 to 90 volume percent of the particle material. The binder is curable in a temperature range of 50° F. to 90° F. The volume percent of the present composition provides an inherent permeability in any conventional application method. It can be sprayed or applied by hand and yet it still maintains an intrinsic permeability.

Abstract: Provided are a fluorescent microsphere comprised of a plurality of fluorescent nanocrystals operably bound to a polymeric microsphere, and a method of producing the fluorescent microspheres which comprises contacting the polymeric microsphere with a plurality of fluorescent nanocrystals under suitable conditions in which the fluorescent naocrystals become operably bound to the polymeric microsphere. Also provided is a method of using the fluorescent microspheres capable of determining the presence or absence of a predetermined number of analytes in a sample by contacting the sample with the fluorescent microspheres, and detecting the fluorescence signal pattern of excited fluorescent microspheres bound to one or more analytes of the predetermined number of analytes, if present in the sample.

Abstract: N-substituted-&ohgr;-(alkoxysilanes) of formula (I) wherein: R1 is a C12-C30 alkyl or alkenyl group that is straight-chained or branched, a C5-C40 aryl group, a C5-C40 aralkyl group or a group R5A(CH2)p wherein R5 is a C6-C30 alkyl or alkenyl group that is straight-chained or branched, p is an integer from 2 to 6 and A is O or NH; R2 is a C1-C12 alkyl group (preferably a C1-C5 alkyl group) or a C3-C12 alkenyl group (preferably a C3-C5 alkenyl group); R3 is a C1-C12 alkyl group (preferably a C1-C5 alkyl group), a C1-C12 alkoxy group (preferably A C1-C5 alkoxy group), a C2-C12 alkenyl group (preferably a C2-C5 alkenyl group) or a C3-C12 alkenyloxy group (preferably a C3-C5 alkenyloxy group); R4 has the same definition as R3 and may be the same as R4 or different; R6 is a divalent alkylene group having up to 10 carbon atoms and is optionally interrupted one, two or three times by a phenylene group; and X is an anion; and its free base are disclosed, and processes for their preparation.

Abstract: A hydrogen storage material is disclosed with no collapse due to pulverization of hydrogen storage alloy particles by repeated hydrogen absorption and desorption thereby permitting repeated use while manifesting excellent electric and thermal conductivities. Pressure molding of hydrogen storage alloy particles, each being covered with a plated metal film having microgranules of a thermoplastic resin, at a temperature higher than a glass transition temperature or a melting point of and below a thermal decomposition temperature of the thermoplastic resin can produce a porous hydrogen storage material of hydrogen storage alloy particles being bonded to each other via the thermoplastic resin. The hydrogen storage material can become firm and strong because the plated metal films covering the hydrogen storage alloy particles are clasped with each other complexly.

Abstract: Silica is rendered hydrophobic by a catalyst-free, in-situ process that includes contact with a hydrophobing agent under vacuum at elevated temperature for a time sufficient to replace adsorbed water in the silica with the hydrophobing agent. The resulting dispersion of hydrophobic silica in an inert, liquid, hydrophobic carrier medium is then subjected to high shear forces for a time sufficient to produce a homogeneous dispersion of hydrophobic silica particles in a defoaming composition.

Abstract: A low dielectric constant multiple carbon-containing silicon oxide dielectric material for an integrated circuit structure is described which comprises a silicon oxide material including silicon atoms which are each bonded to a multiple carbon-containing group consisting of carbon atoms and primary hydrogens. Preferably such multiple carbon-containing groups have the general formula —(C)y(CH3)z, where y is an integer from 1 to 4 for a branched alkyl group and from 3 to 5 for a cyclic alkyl group, and z is 2y+1 for a branched alkyl group and 2y−1 for a cyclic alkyl group.

Abstract: Intercalates formed by contacting a layered material, e.g., a phyllosilicate, with an intercalant monomer ether and/or ester to sorb or intercalate the intercalant monomer between adjacent platelets of the layered material. Sufficient intercalant monomer is sorbed between adjacent platelets to expand the adjacent platelets to a spacing of at least about 5 Å (as measured after water removal to a maximum of 5% by weight water), up to about 100 Å and preferably in the range of about 10-45 Å, so that the intercalate easily can be exfoliated into individual platelets. The intercalated complex can be combined with an organic liquid into a viscous carrier material, for delivery of the carrier material, or for delivery of an active compound; or the intercalated complex can be combined with a matrix polymer to form a strong, filled polymer matrix. Alternatively, the intercalated complex can be exfoliated prior to combination with the organic liquid or the matrix polymer.

Abstract: Multilayered particulate materials are formed by coating a particulate substrate with a metal and adsorbing an organic layer comprising a recognition moiety onto the metal film. The recognition moiety interacts with an analyte of interest allowing for its detection, purification, etc. Suitable recognition moieties can be selected from a range of species including, small molecules, polymers and biomolecules and the like. The novel particulate materials of the invention can be utilized in an array of methods including, ion-exchange, ion-selective ion-exchange, assays, affinity dialysis, size exclusion dialysis, as supports in solid phase synthesis, combinatorial synthesis and screening of compound libraries and the like.

Abstract: To provide a substrate enclosed in a uniform nucleation layer, a substrate is nucleated with a noble metal salt where the noble metal salt is chemically bound to the substrate, and a method is described for binding a noble metal salt chemically to a substrate. To provide a metal plated powder, a powder is nucleated with a noble metal salt and the nucleation is coated with a metal layer. A method is also provided for nucleating the powder surface with a noble metal salt in such a manner that it is chemically bound to the substrate and then metal plated by a conventional electroless method.

Abstract: Inorganic phosphor particles having a diamond-like carbon coating and the method of making these particles. Inorganic phosphor particles are coated with a diamond-like carbon coating, which can include additive components. The coating is applied in a plasma reactor process.

Abstract: In aluminum-based metal pigments produced by physical vapor deposition of a metal film and subsequent crushing of the metal film metal surfaces which are exposed after the operation of crushing the metal film and in particular fracture surfaces thereof are covered with a passivating protective layer to afford corrosion stability of those metal pigments.

Abstract: Particles such as tablets and gums which contain or are coated with sugar are provided with a wax coating, by spraying the particles with an aqueous-continuous emulsion having wax in the internal phase. The sprayed particles can be further coated with powdered wax and polished.

Abstract: Fine powder out of adequate particle size range discharged in a manufacturing process of resin magnet compound comprising step 1 of mixing magnet powder such as neodymium-iron-boron system quenched alloy and an organic solvent solution of a thermal polymerizing resin in wet process, and step 2 of solvent removal-pulverizing-sorting into adequate particle size range is processed again in step 1 and step 2, and resin magnet compound within adequate particle size range is obtained again, and moreover the green matter obtained by strong compression of the resin magnet compound into a desired magnet shape is processed again at step 2 to obtain fine powder, which is processed again at step 1 and step 2, so that resin magnet compound within adequate particle size is obtained again.

Abstract: A semiconductor nanoparticle for use in analysis of biological samples is described. This semiconductor nanoparticle is composed of an aminodextran which is bound to at least one nanoparticle of the formula (X Y)n wherein X is selected from the group comprising Cd2+, Hg2+, and Zn2+ and combinations thereof; and Y is selected from the group comprising S2−, Se2− and Te2− and combinations thereof; and n=approximately 50 to 1000. Also provided are methods of making these semiconductor nanoparticles and methods of making conjugates composed of these semiconductor nanoparticles linked to ligands. Also described are uses for the conjugates in a variety of biological assays.

Abstract: There is provided a process for applying a coating to a base particle comprising a hygroscopic material, particularly sodium silicate, comprising the steps of (i) spraying an aqueous mixture comprising organic binder and optionally a dyestuff onto the base particle; and (ii) drying the particle to obtain a finished particle wherein the weight ratio of hygroscopic material to organic binder in the finished particle is from 1000:1 to 10:1, expressed on a dry weight basis. Detergent compositions containing the resulting particles are also provided.

Abstract: A method of making isolated particles including the step of at least substantially encapsulating particles present in a highly dispersed colloidal suspension with an encapsulant material, such that the encapsulated particles remain independent and discrete upon separation from the suspension. Also, independent and discrete particles at least substantially encapsulated with the encapsulant material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing organofunctionally modified aerogels by gelling a water glass by means of polycondensation and then converting it, by drying while retaining the structure of the gel, to give an aerogel, which process comprises reacting the gel, before drying, with an at least bifunctional organic compound, at least one functional group serving as a bond to the aerogel, while the remainder are retained, to aerogels which are obtainable by the novel process, and to their use.

Abstract: A process for preparing an agglomerate-free suspension of nanosize iron-containing oxide particles coated in a stable manner comprises preparing an aqueous suspension of nanosize iron-containing oxide particles which are partially or completely in the form of agglomerates; adding a trialkoxysilane and a water-miscible polar organic solvent which has a boiling point at least 10° C. higher than the boiling point of water; treating the resulting suspension with ultrasound until at least 70% of the particles present are in the range of ±20% of the average particle diameter; removing the water by distillation under the action of ultrasound; and separating the non-disintegrated agglomerates.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of preparing lipophilic silica in an aqueous medium in the absence of added acids, bases, or organic solvents. In particular, the present inventive method of preparing lipophilic silica comprises (a) providing a mixture consisting essentially of (i) at least one organically modified silica precursor which is a trifunctional silane, (ii) water, and (iii) at least one tetrafunctional silane, (b) allowing the organically modified silica to form in the mixture, and (c) removing the organically modified silica from the mixture.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for the preparation of a ferrite beads composition suitable for compression-molding into a compression-molded ferrite body to be subjected to a sintering heat treatment to give a sintered ferrite member having usefulness as an electromagnetic material. The method comprises the steps of: forming ferrite beads from ferrite particles and an organic binder compound; and uniformly mixing the ferrite beads with a limited amount of a higher fatty acid ester of a hexitan compound such as sorbitan mono- or sesquioleate. The ferrite beads composition of the invention is advantageous not only in respect of the behavior in compression molding such as high density of the compression-molded body, low withdrawal pressure from the metal mold and a decrease in the phenomenon of springback but also in respect of the properties of the ferrite body after sintering.

Abstract: Reactive silica particles capable of producing coatings exhibiting excellent scratch resistance, weather resistance, adhesiveness, and curability, while satisfying a wide spectrum of performances from transparency to semi-transparency and providing a glossy surface as well as a frosty surface.

Abstract: A method for the use of material containing carbon as a packing material, anode mass or collar mass in connection with the electrolytic production of aluminium. The material is formed by granulating a mass which contains carbon particles and a binder. The carbon particles may comprise a carbon material which has been returned from the aluminium production process. The binder may comprise tar which is collected in connection with burning anodes. The carbon particles may comprise butt filter dust and can contain contaminants such as sodium (Na) and fluorine (F). By adding a powder/dust which contains silicon oxide (SiO.sub.2) to the mass, the contaminants can be rendered harmless. The added material can be formed by crushing and grinding used cassette stone (chamotte) to dust The present invention makes possible comprehensive reuse of several waste products of the electrolytic production of aluminium.

Abstract: The inventive process concerns the preparation of organically modified aerogels and their use.The process the invention comprises:a) introducing a siliceous lyogel or hydrogel,b) optionally subjecting the gel prepared in a) to complete or partial solvent exchange with an organic solvent,c) reacting the gel obtained in step a) or b) with at least one silylation agent,d) optionally washing the silylated gel obtained in step c) with an organic solvent, ande) drying the gel obtained in step c) or d) subcritically, which comprises reacting in step c) the gel obtained in step a) or b) with at least one chlorine-free silylation agent.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of treating silica wherein silica is reacted with a di- or tri-functional organosilane in an aqueous acid medium to provide a crude organosilane-capped silica product containing organosilicon impurities. The organosilicon impurities are extracted from the crude product with an organic liquid to provide a purified product consisting essentially of organosilane-capped silica. The purified product is dried to provide a dry organosilane-capped silica. The aqueous acid medium can include a displacing reagent which displaces at least one reactive functional group of the di- or tri-functional organosilane. The present invention further provides-continuous methods of treating silica with di- and tri-functional organosilanes, wherein the organic liquid and/or the organosilicon impurities are recycled and reused.

Abstract: The invention essentially relates to the use of ceramic powders whose surface has been rendered hydrophobic to produce fine-particle dispersions having a high solids content and a low viscosity. The invention further relates to specific ceramic powders whose surface has been rendered hydrophobic, and methods of producing them. Ceramic powders whose oxidic surface has hydroxide groups possessing a basic or amphoteric character can be rendered hydrophobic, for example, through the effect of a hydrophobic carboxylic acid. Acidic oxides are rendered hydrophobic through treatment with metal-containing hydrophobing agents which are, however, also suitable for rendering ceramic powders hydrophobic that have a basic or amphoteric character.

Abstract: Intercalated graphite flake which has enhanced exfoliation volume characteristics at relatively low exfoliation temperatures e.g. 600.degree. C. is made by heating a blend of intercalated particles and an organic reducing agent in the temperature range of 25.degree. to 110.degree. C.