Abstract: An electrode for an ozone generator or chlorine generator includes an electrically conductive substrate, a doped-Si layer disposed over the conductive substrate, and a boron-doped diamond (BDD) layer disposed over the doped-silicon layer. The doped-silicon layer defines a discrete architecture that maintains adhesion throughout a high temperature CVD boron-doped diamond process. Another electrode having a PVD nitrogen-doped diamond (ta-C:N) layer disposed over a conductive substrate is also provided.

Abstract: A CMP pad conditioner is provided that includes a substrate having a surface and three dimensional structures protruding relative to the surface of the substrate. The three dimensional structures include CVD carbon-containing material selected from the group consisting of carbon nanotubes and diamond, and may be arranged in a ordered array or desired pattern. The CMP pad conditioner also includes a bonding layer overlying the three dimensional structures and the surface of the substrate. The condition may include a reinforcing layer disposed within gaps between the three dimensional structures. Techniques for manufacture and use are also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for making nanostructures on a support, including: supplying a support including a surface layer on one of its faces, covering the surface layer by a catalyst layer structured according to a pattern exposing areas of the surface layer covered by the catalyst and areas of the surface layer not covered by the catalyst, etching the thickness of the surface layer in the areas not covered by the catalyst layer, and selectively growing nanostructures on the areas of the surface layer covered by the catalyst. The process can also be used to make cathode structures with electrically independent nanostructures.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for fabricating geometrical diamond/matrix composites where all or a part of surfaces of the matrix are covered with a diamond film, and to fabricate hollow diamond shells using the composites where a part is uncoated with a diamond film. Hollow diamond shells were prepared by etching out of the matrix soluble with chemicals through an opening, a zone on the matrix, uncoated with diamond film. By changing the shape and the size of the geometrical matrixes, various kinds of diamond/matrix composites and diamond shells in shape and in size can be fabricated. The sizes available are between 200 nm and 2 mm.

Abstract: The invention relates to a nanoparticle growing mat (30), a method of manufacturing the mat, and a method for the continuous production of organized nanotubes using the mat. The mat (30) comprising a substrate including carbon, on which is deposited in a predetermined pattern of nanosized catalytic particles whose pattern produces nanotubes in a highly ordered form. The mat (30) is activated in the presence of a carrier gas, by passing current through the mat (30) which raises the temperature to the level where, nanotubes are: formed; gathered; withdrawn as nanotube bundles (42); and collected.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrode for electrolysis including: a conductive substrate; and a conductive diamond formed on a surface of the conductive substrate, the conductive substrate having at least one surface shape selected from the group consisting of: (a) a surface shape of a combination of an Ra of 100-1,000-?m and an RSm of 50-10,000 ?m; (b) a surface shape of a combination of an Ra of 2.5-100 ?m and an RSm of 1.5-800 ?m, and (c) a surface shape of a combination of an Ra of 0.01-2 ?m and an RSm of 0.005-250 ?m, and a process for producing the electrode.

Abstract: A method for forming an oriented film is provided for forming an oriented film on a base material by irradiating the surface of the base material where the oriented film will be formed with an ion beam comprising nitrogen ions from a direction inclined at a prescribed angle ?a with respect to the direction perpendicular to the surface, while evaporating carbon from an evaporation source. The prescribed angle, ?a, is preferably 45-89°. The accelerating voltage of the ion beam comprising nitrogen ions is preferably 100-500 V. The electric current of the ion beam comprising nitrogen ions is preferably 10-500 mA.

Abstract: Workpiece with at least one functional face and a layer system deposited on at least a portion of the functional face as well as a structure pattern, which encompasses at least a portion of the layer system and which is comprised of at least one three dimensional micro structure (5) with structure depth S, characterized in that the deposited layer system is deposited with PVD, CVD or combined PCD/CVD processes, and the three dimensional micro structure (5) extends from the surface of the layer system (4) up into the workpiece, such that the latter is uncoated in a lower region of the micro structure (5).

Abstract: A multi-layer thermal barrier coating (12) having a porous first layer of ceramic insulating material (20) and a second relatively dense layer of ceramic insulating material (22) having a plurality generally vertical gaps (26) formed therein. The porous conventional as-deposited APS microstructure of the first layer provides thermal and chemical protection for the substrate, while the gaps of the columnar-grained second layer provide thermal shock resistance for the coating. An air plasma spray process may be used to deposit both the first and the second layers of material, as well as any underlying bond coat layer. The gaps of the columnar-grained second layer do not extend into the first layer. The pores (28) of the first layer function as crack-arrestors for cracks initiating at the gaps of the second layer.

Abstract: An abrasive body for grinding optical glass, precious and natural stones such as marble, or other material such as wood, metal, plastic or the like is provided. The abrasive body comprises a base body of woven, knitted or embroidered fabric made of carbon fibers, or of a graphite foil. A uniform, homogeneous diamond or boron nitride coating is deposited on the base body as a grinding layer.