Abstract: A method of producing high quality optical surfaces is disclosed. The invention allows for the production of optical surfaces with complex geometry while retaining the high quality of the optical surface. A top layer is provided on a substrate. In order to adhere the top layer to the substrate, an adhesion layer is applied first. In the preferred embodiment, the substrate is an aluminum substrate, the adhesion layer includes a layer of zinc and a layer of nickel and the top layer is gold. The substrate is generally stress free in order to provide a flat surface with no undulations. This allows a relatively thin layer of gold to be applied which then can be diamond turned in order to achieve a reflective layer.

Abstract: Sequentially applying two different coatings, in two steps, to metallic surfaces. Metallic surfaces are contacted at temperatures from 10-100° C.

Abstract: A method for forming a metal-containing layer on a substrate is disclosed. A slurry of the metal is first deposited on the substrate; followed by heating to remove volatile material from the slurry, and to form a layer of the metal. In another embodiment, a slurry of aluminum is deposited over the slurry of the metal, before or after the metal has been heat-treated to some degree. A diffusion heat treatment results in a coating which includes the noble-metal aluminide compound. Related articles are also disclosed.

Abstract: A target of fullerene is placed with a substrate in a vacuum chamber. A charged beam, i.e., an electron beam or an ion beam, is directed at the target with a power adequate to emit fullerene molecules from the target and not high enough to form significant amounts of fullerene having a higher molecular structure than the target fullerenes. Fullerene is deposited on the substrate. Regardless of the approach used to deposit the fullerenes, the substrate can be heated during deposition to a temperature above the fullerene-to-fullerene disorption temperature to form a coating consisting of an approximate monolayer of fullerene.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for treating iron based parts. The method includes the steps of immersing the parts in an alkaline based degreasing solution and simultaneously subjecting the alkaline based degreasing solution to ultrasonic vibration. Thereafter, the parts are rinsed in the water bath and, following the water rinse, immersed in a water soluble corrosion based inhibiter. The parts are then dried and, subsequent to drying, painted to protect the parts from corrosion.

Abstract: A deposition process for coating a substrate with an ultrasonically generated aerosol spray of a pseudocapacitive material, or a precursor thereof, contacted to a substrate heated to a temperature to instantaneously solidify the pseudocapacitive material or convert the precursor to a solidified pseudocapacitive metal compound, is described. The ultrasonic aerosol droplets are much smaller in size than those produced by conventional processes and the heated substrate minimizes the possibility of contamination, thereby providing the present coating having an increased surface area. When the coated substrate is an electrode in a capacitor, a greater surface area results in an increased electrode capacitance.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a plastic film on metal surfaces, and a treatment liquid for producing this film. The treatment liquid, prior to wetting the metal, contains 0.1 to 50% (by weight) of a non-volatile film-forming mixture of resins, and 99.9 to 50% of a water-miscible, water-soluble or water solvent, and forms a film on the metal. The treatment liquid, just prior to wetting the metal, has a temperature of 10-100° C., and the metal surface has a temperature higher than the treatment liquid by at least 20° C. and a temperature in the region of 30 to 700° C. The treatment liquid is adjusted in such a way that its constituents do not substantially coagulate, settle or decompose, and such that the molecular weight distribution and the viscosity of the treatment liquid does not substantially change during use.

Abstract: A curable coating composition is disclosed comprising a resinous binder comprising (a) a reaction product of an epoxy-containing polymer with a compound containing phosphorus acid groups, the reaction product having reactive functional groups, and (b) a curing agent having functional groups reactive with the functional groups of (a). An electroconductive pigment is dispersed in (a) such that the weight ratio of the electroconductive pigment to (a) plus (b) is within the range of 0.5 to 9.0:1. When the curable coating composition is deposited and cured on a metal substrate, the cured coating is weldable.

Abstract: Solid extrusion coating compositions for metal substrates, a method of extrusion coating a metal substrate, and a metal article are disclosed. The extrusion coating composition is a thermoplastic material and comprises: (a) a first polyester having a weight average molecular weight of about 10,000 to about 80,000 and a Tg of greater than 45° C. to about 100° C., (b) a second polyester having a weight average molecular weight of about 10,000 to about 70,000 and a Tg of about −10° C. to about 45° C., and optionally, (c) a modifying resin, such as an epoxy resin having an epoxy equivalent weight of about 500 to about 15,000, wherein the Tg of the first and second polyesters differ by about 5 C.° to about 60 C.°. The extrusion coating composition is applied to a metal substrate in an extrusion process to provide a composition film having a thickness of about 1 to about 40 microns.

Abstract: A method of coating some or all of an underbody of a vehicle on a production line, comprising applying a polymeric coating powder to the underbody or the vehicle body part, sintering the powder to the underbody or the vehicle body part. The polymeric coating powder includes a mixture comprising a polyolefin having polar functionality, and one or more ethylene &agr;-olefln copolymers, the mixture having a melt flow index greater than 15 g/10 minutes (2.16 kg, 190° C.). The polymeric coating powder preferably has a melt flow index greater than 20 g/10 minutes. The ethylene &agr;-olefln copolymer should contain at least 50 mole % ethylene. The &agr;-olefin co-monomer may be chosen from propylene, butene, hexene or octene. The polymer having polar functionality may be a copolymer of ethylene with at least one polar monomer.

Abstract: A polymer-coated metal fastener is provided which has both improved ease of drive into a substrate, and improved resistance to withdrawal from the substrate. The coated fastener is prepared by heating a metal fastener, or a portion of it, to about 400-2000° F. and cooling in an aqueous medium containing an acrylic or modified acrylic polymer. The rapid cooling causes formation of a thin yet durable polymer coating on the fastener.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for the production of a strip-like metallic composite material by the high-temperature dip coating of a metallic carrier strip, consisting of a metallurgic vessel for receiving the liquid depositing material, through which the carrier strip is capable of being led in a preferably vertical run-through direction by means of pairs of rollers arranged on the entry and the exit side, and of a preheating device for the carrier strip, said preheating device being located upstream of the metallurgic vessel. At the same time, the preheating device (41) is arranged in a housing (61) which is arranged in the entry region upstream of the metallurgic vessel (11) and surrounds the carrier strip (21) and into which the medium coming from a media supply (52) is capable of being introduced via at least one feed (51) led into the housing.

Abstract: An ultrahigh molecular weight polymer, such as ultrahigh molecular weight polyisobutylene, is used as an additive to enhance the coating properties of a solvent. The polyisobutylene has a molecular weight of at least 2.5-3.0 million daltons, preferably greater than about 6 daltons, and is provided in a preferred concentration of 0.05 to 0.3%. The solvent can be a medicinal grade mineral oil. Other suitable solvents include hydrocarbon oil and low viscosity, synthetic compositions. In all cases, the coating properties of the solvent are greatly enhanced by the addition of ultrahigh molecular weight polyisobutylene. In another aspect of the invention, ultrahigh molecular weight polyisobutylene is used as an additive to enhance the viscoelasticity of a mineral oil based sunscreen formulation. In still another aspect of the invention, the fibers of a fabric material are coated with an ultrahigh molecular weight polymer to greatly strengthen the fabric.

Abstract: Continuous bath or curtain processes for the thermal deposition of a coating from a coating solution onto a moving metal web are used to apply a coating onto the web. The compositions that result from the processes are substantially free of defects relative to batch processes. The continuous process is particularly applicable for priming zinc and zinc-alloy coated steel webs.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for extrusion coating both sides of a metal strip. A metal strip, such as aluminum alloy strip, is moved through a pre-conditioner, two extrusion dies, a post-heater and a cooling system. Both sides of the strip are coated with thin coatings of thermoplastic polymers. The coated metal strip is useful for containers, such as cans and can ends, as well as for automobiles, appliances, aerospace, construction and electrical devices.

Abstract: A polymeric printing member for use in a printing machine is provided. The polymeric printing member-includes a substrate and a coating applied to the substrate. The coating is applied to the substrate by rotating the substrate about its longitudinal axis and applying the coating from an applicator to the substrate in a spiral pattern in a controlled amount so that substantially all the coating that exits the applicator adheres to said substrate.

Abstract: A method of doping tantalum and niobium pellets with nitrogen is described wherein the resulting pellets are substantially free of nitride precipitate on their outer surfaces. The method includes the step of heating the pellets to a temperature of from about 600-1400° C. in a nitrogen gas atmosphere and then in a vacuum which causes nitrogen contacting a pellet to diffuse into the inner portion of the pellet instead of forming a precipitate. The resulting pellets have improved DCL stability and reliability in comparison to prior art nitrogen-doped tantalum and niobium pellets.

Abstract: A process of producing a shaped article suitable for use as an automotive body panel intended for finishing by painting and, if necessary, baking. The process comprises obtaining a sheet article made of an aluminum alloy of the 2000 or 6000 series in a T4 or T4P temper and that exhibits an increase in hardness after painting and optionally baking, shaping the sheet article by forming to produce an intermediate shaped article, and subjecting the intermediate shaped article to a thermal spiking treatment prior to painting and optionally baking. The thermal spiking treatment involves heating the intermediate shaped article from ambient temperature to a temperature in a range of 150 to 300° C. with or without holding at that temperature for a period of time to enhance the increase in hardness. The process may also include the painting and optionally baking step. The invention includes the shaped articles, either prior to or after painting and optionally baking, produced by the process.

Abstract: A turbine blade and a method for its production. In order to protect the turbine blade from being damaged by particles carried in the gas, surfaces of the turbine blade are melted down to a predetermined depth in order to form a defined amorphous region on a crystalline structure of a base material. The surfaces are then cooled down at a predetermined temperature reduction rate per unit time.

Abstract: A process for making a decorative steel article includes the steps of providing a stainless steel preform, washing the preform, coating a surface of the preform, and transferring step involves securing a transfer foil with the decorative pattern to the coated surface, heating the transfer foil and preform, and removing the transfer foil while leaving the decorative pattern on the coated surface.

Abstract: An anti-corrosive coating for structural steel components contains 3 to 80 wt. % of a binder including polymeric material, and 20 to 97 wt. % of a filler including semiconductive elements or compounds. A process for welding a steel component coated with such an anti-corrosive coating involves temporarily energizing the semiconductive material of the coating into its conductive state and then carrying out the welding process, e.g. electric spot welding, while the semiconductive material is in the conductive state. Thereby, the coating does not hamper the electric welding operation. The step of energizing the semiconductive material is achieved by temporarily applying an external energy such as localized heating or incident light radiation having a photon energy corresponding to an energy band gap of the semiconductive material.

Abstract: Coating the surface of metal articles, in particular untreated, bright, sealed, anodized metal sheets, especially bright, sealed, anodized aluminum sheets with a coating composition which contains: (a′) a fluorinated ethylene vinyl ether; (b′) a curing agent; (c′) a catalyst; and (d′) a solvent, followed by curing affords metals articles which are particularly useful as components of metal-resin composite laminates.

Abstract: Surface and thereafter applying a priming coating comprising a polytetrafluoroethylene solution containing a dispersed ceramic filler, wherein the priming coating is dried in two steps by first air-drying the coating, followed by force drying at elevated temperatures, wherein a second polytetrafluoroethylene coating is applied on the dried primer coating, and a third polytetrafluoroethylene coating is applied on the second coating while the second coating has not dried. The coated bond tool is baked to cure the second and third coatings. Prior to application of the priming coating, the metallic tool can be subjected to pretreatment such as pre-baking and grit blasting.

Abstract: A dense or porous coating of material is deposited onto a substrate by forcing a colloidal suspension through an ultrasonic nebulizer and spraying a fine mist of particles in a carrier medium onto a sufficiently heated substrate. The spraying rate is essentially matched to the evaporation rate of the carrier liquid from the substrate to produce a coating that is uniformly distributed over the surface of the substrate. Following deposition to a sufficient coating thickness, a single sintering step may be used to produce a dense ceramic coating. Using this method, coatings ranging in thickness from about one to several hundred microns can be obtained. By using a plurality of compounds in the colloidal suspension, coatings of mixed composition can be obtained. By using a plurality of solutions and separate pumps and a single or multiple ultrasonic nebulizer(s), and varying the individual pumping rates and/or the concentrations of the solutions, a coating of mixed and discontinuously graded (e.g.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for treating the surface of tools made of tool steel, wherein primary carbides are embedded in the tool steel matrix. The thickness of the primary carbides disposed near the surface can be reduced by forming a surface which has point-wise recess; alternatively, the primary carbides can be completely removed. A hard material layer is deposited on this surface. The invention also describes tools made of tool steel, wherein primary carbides are embedded in the tool steel matrix. The primary carbides are significantly recessed, and a hard material layer is deposited thereon.

Abstract: An intrinsically conductive polymer is prepared with a chemical oxidative process. The polymer is prepared by first dipping or coating a substrate with an Fe(III)-containing oxidizer solution and drying. The substrate is then dipped or coated with a monomer, such as 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene solution, and reacted to form the conductive polymer. The monomer is dissolved in a solvent in which it has a high solubility but in which the Fe(III)-containing oxidizer has low solubility. This minimizes cross-contamination of the monomer and oxidizer dipping solutions thereby making this process suitable for high volume production. Dissolving the monomer in a solvent allows control over the stoichiometric ratio of monomer to oxidizer and prevents an excess of monomer thereby facilitating the removal of any unreacted monomer by water.

Abstract: Very low glide height magneto-optical (LGMO) information storage and retrieval media of near field recording (NFR) and mahnetic super-resolution (MSR) types having improved tribological properties when used in ultra-high density storage/retrieval devices employing very small head flying heights on the order of less than about 2 microinches are formed in a front surface magneto-optical (FSMO) configuration utilizing a substrate having at least one deposition surface subjected to a two-step, synergistic treatment comprising tape burnishing/wiping and photolytic treatment in an ozone-containing atmosphere, followed by deposition thereon of the MO layer stack. Enhanced wear and abrasion resistance at very low flying head heights is provided by an ultra-thin, protective flash layer overcoat (FLO)/lubricant topcoat layer system on the media surface. Embodiments of the present invention include single- and dual-sided MO media.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to improved gel/grease compositions as well as grease compositions capable of imparting improved corrosion resistance. The grease includes a silica/silicate mixture that can imparts a relatively high pH and corrosion resistant properties to the grease.

Abstract: A method for applying coatings to a portion of the internal bore or threads of a fastener or similar article having an opening on at least one end is provided. A 360° coating with material is provided using centrifugal force to assist in direction the material to a desired surface, which does not require use of a pressurized air stream in order to propel the coating material toward the walls of the article desired to be coated.

Abstract: A method in accordance with our invention for providing texture bumps on a substrate comprises the step of forming elliptical ridge-shaped bumps on the substrate. In one embodiment, substrate is used in the manufacture of a magnetic disk used in a disk drive. The elliptical bumps cause less vibration of the read-write head than circular bumps. The elliptical bumps also provide reduced friction between the disk and a read-write head during use.

Abstract: A heated substrate is dipped into a fluidized bed containing particles of polymer to coat the substrate. The coating can subsequently be leveled (and cured if thermosetting) by heating the coated substrate above the melting point of the polymer. The process can be employed to provide desirable properties such as corrosion resistance and aesthetic qualities to the substrate, and to apply very thin coatings.

Abstract: Metal surfaces which are pre-treated with high-energy NIR-radiation and then coated with a powder or a liquid coating composition, followed by curing or drying the coating composition, show better adhesion to the coating and improved appearance and performance and the process is more cost effective.

Abstract: A ferrous-alloy aircraft structural component such as a fastener is prepared by providing a ferrous-alloy component precursor that is not in its final heat-treated state, and coating with an aluminum-containing, curable organic coating material having a non-volatile portion that is predominantly organic and is curable at about the ferrous-alloy component's tempering temperature. The coated, ferrous-alloy is then tempered to concurrently impart predetermined metallurgical properties to the finished, ferrous-alloy material, and cure the organic, aluminum-containing coating.

Abstract: A method is provided for washing, drying, applying a curable coating, and effecting the cure of such coating on a variety of substrates, such as metal, for example steel, plastic and wood. A particularly effective drying procedure based on the generation of a dehumidified and filtered air stream directed substantially parallel to the wet substrate allows for a significant decrease in drying time while maintaining coating effectiveness.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for corrosion-resistant coating of metal substrates by means of plasma polymerization, wherein the substrate is subjected to mechanical, chemical and/or electrochemical smoothing in a pre-treatment step and is subsequently exposed to a plasma at a temperature of less than 200° C. and at a pressure of 10−5 bis 100 mbars, whereby in a first step the surface is activated in a reducing plasma and in a second step the polymer is separated from a plasma containing at least one hydrocarbon or silico-organic compound which can be vaporized in plasma conditions, optionally contains oxygen, nitrogen or sulphur and can contain fluorine.

Abstract: A conductive substrate of an electrophotographic photoconductor has magnesium suicide precipitated therein as an impurity compound. The conductive substrate has an aluminum oxide film of minimum thickness deviation, and an aluminum base which exhibits a light scattering effect. An electrophotographic photoconductor using such a conductive substrate suppresses interference fringes caused by the interference action of a semiconductor laser light. Furthermore, irregular printing density and the formation of black spots is eliminated. A method for making such a conductive substrate includes annealing an aluminum base doped with silicon and magnesium to precipitate out Ms2Si, followed by anodizing a surface of the aluminum base to form an aluminum oxide film. A charge generation layer and a charge transport layer are formed on the aluminum oxide film to complete the electrophotographic photoconductor.

Abstract: Described is a preferred method for manufacturing a coal tar enamel-coated steel pipe, in which a primer coat of epoxy resin is applied to a preheated steel pipe, and coal tar enamel is applied to the primer coat prior to full curing of the latter. The resulting coated steel pipes, which also are described, exhibit excellent resistance to cathodic disbondment, heat and water.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a catalytic converter includes spraying a suspension comprising a solvent and a catalyst material comprising carrier particles coated with a catalytically active material onto a substrate having a temperature above the boiling point of the solvent via a sprayer; and forming a layer on the substrate. The layer is thermally activated and is wetted three-dimensionally.

Abstract: Provided herein are novel polymeric coating materials for direct digital imaging by laser. More specifically the novel coating materials are thermally reactive near infrared absorption polymers designed for use with near infrared laser imaging devices. This invention further extends to the preparation and methods of use of the novel materials. The invention is particularly useful in the preparation of lithographic printing plates for computer-to-plate and digital-offset-press technologies. The invention extends to photoresist applications, to rapid prototyping of printed circuit boards and to chemical sensor development.

Abstract: An armor coating (3) is provided on a surface of a metal engine component (1) that is adapted to be in grazing contact with an abradable bedding-in seal lining provided on a second engine component. The armor coating (3) includes a ceramic layer (6) and has a profiled surface contour including peaks (4, 7, 9, 10) and depressions or grooves (5) therebetween. The grooves (5) serve to receive and carry away abrasion material that is abraded from the bedding-in lining. The profiled surface contour is formed in the surface (2) of the engine component (1) by cold deformation without material removal, and thereafter the ceramic layer (6) is applied thereon preferably by thermal spraying, such that the layer (6) follows and also embodies the profiled surface contour. The cold deformation is carried out by pressing a knurling tool (11) into the original un-profiled surface (2) of the component (1).

Abstract: In an extrusion tool—in particular a disk-shaped pressing die with at least one shaping opening for the extrusion of metal such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy—comprising a steel material—in particular a low-distortion hot-working steel—with a surface coating, the coating on the extrusion tool is made from coating material which is selected from the group containing carbides, nitrides, oxides and combinations of those substances, wherein the coating material is applied to the extrusion tool by a CVD-process.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for producing a striped coating on a continuously moving strip are provided, in which the apparatus has a smoothing device including a doctor roll forming a nip with the strip. A stationary partition means is provided, which divides the nip into nip lengths, and upstream of the smoothing device is a means to deposit coating materials on the strip for delivery into the respective nip lengths at predetermined rates. The deposit means maintains a bead of coating material in each nip length and a stripe of coating material is formed on the strip from coating material escaping the respective nip length as the strip passes through the nip.

Abstract: Solid extrusion coating compositions for metal substrates, a method of extrusion coating a metal substrate, and a metal article are disclosed. The extrusion coating composition is a thermoplastic material and comprises: (a) a polyester having a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 to 50,000 and optionally, (b) a modifying resin, selected from epoxy resins having an epoxy equivalent weight of 500 to 15,000, acrylic resins or polyolefin resins. The extrusion coating composition is applied to a metal substrate in an extrusion process to provide a composition film having a thickness of about 1 to about 40 microns.

Abstract: A process of applying an inorganic coating to an electrically conducting body, in particular a metallic workpiece, is characterized with respect to a precisely controllable temperature variation with short temperature changes in an economical and energy-saving operation in that the body first undergoes a preparation. Thereafter, if need be, the body is degreased and/or chemically pretreated and/or blasted. Subsequently, a coating medium is applied to at least the surface region of the body being coated. Then, at least the surface region of the body being coated is heated by induction to a reaction temperature before and/or while and/or after applying the coating medium. Finally, the coating medium is fully reacted to a coating, whereupon the body undergoes a cooling.

Abstract: A pipe treatment process that is a portable, field-applied, coating process. The process produces a two-layer composite protective coating system with a finished, seamless, chemical bond within its interlayers as well as to adjacent coating materials. The process is suitable for metallic substrates, which may or may not be cathodically protected, and maybe used to coat new or repair previously coated metallic substrates.

Abstract: A metal substrate is treated with a plurality of rotating brushes and a slurry of particulate material such that the treated surface is capable of absorbing incident infrared laser radiation. The substrate is itself capable of being visibly imaged by selective writing with an infrared laser. The substrate is coated with an ablatable coating which is transparent to the imaging infrared laser radiation. Selective exposure to infrared laser radiation ablates this coating in the laser exposed areas as a result of the absorption of infrared radiation by the substrate. The substrate can be anodized after rotary brush graining and still retain its ability to be imaged and ablate a coating. The coated article can be imaged in a computer-to-plate infrared laser imaging device. Depending on the specific coating and substrate selection, the imaged article can be used in a conventional lithographic printing process or in a dryographic printing process.

Abstract: A process for additive manufacture by energetic wire deposition is described. A source wire is fed into a energy beam generated melt-pool on a growth surface as the melt-pool moves over the growth surface. This process enables the rapid prototyping and manufacture of fully dense, near-net shape components, as well as cladding and welding processes. Alloys, graded materials, and other inhomogeneous materials can be grown using this process.

Abstract: A process for treating the surface of a metal roll, to extend the rolling campaign of the roll and ultimately the work life of the roll in a metal forming operation, comprises the steps of heating the metal roll surface to a temperature of at least 100 degrees F., and enveloping the metal roll in a bath of perfluoroethylene resin and an aliphatic naphthene solvent for a time sufficient to coat the surface of the metal roll with the perfluoroethylene resin.

Abstract: Provided herein are novel polymeric coating materials for direct digital imaging by laser. More specifically the novel coating materials are thermally reactive near infrared absorption polymers designed for use with near infrared laser imaging devices. This invention further extends to the preparation and methods of use of the novel materials. The invention is particularly useful in the preparation of lithographic printing plates for computer-to-plate and digital-offset-press technologies. The invention extends to photoresist applications, to rapid prototyping of printed circuit boards and to chemical sensor development.

Abstract: A process is provided for coating a given surface of a heat sensitive metal article (e.g., thermally massive aluminum) with a high-cure-temperatureating-forming-powder. A first oven heating step elevates the metal article's temperature to a predetermined preheat cycle high-limit-of-heat-load-temperature. After a first predetermined period of time, the metal alloy article is withdrawn from the oven. A high-cure-temperature-coating-forming-powder is then sprayed onto the given surface of the metal article. The spraying, comprising first and second spray sequences, is initiated essentially immediately after withdrawal of the metal article from the oven. The first spray sequence is a single group of spray passes that applies a coating layer to fill the pores in the given surface with heat melted high-cure-temperature-coating-forming-powder. The second spray sequence builds up the total thickness of coating.