Abstract: A primer composition, and a method for its use to improve adhesion between a silicone substrate and a subsequently applied paint film, is disclosed. The primer composition consists essentially of a mixture of an alkoxysilane, an organotitanate and a tin salt of a carboxylic acid, each component being present in a specific critical molar proportion.

Abstract: The invention relates to the chemical bonding of a polymer or polymers onto a non-metallic substrate such as cellophane by contacting the substrate with a silver nitrate solution followed by treatment with an alkali hydroxide such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, whereby particles of silver or silver oxide are uniformly distributed in situ throughout the surface of the substrate, contacting the thus treated substrate with a grafting solution that contains monomers, prepolymers, catalysts and possibly other ingredients, to obtain graft polymerization onto the substrate with intimate bonding of the polymer onto the substrate surface, and curing the polymer on the substrate by microwave or laser energy.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a pressure sensitive adhesive tape or sheet comprising a base layer (substrate) formed of a polyolefin resin and a pressure sensitive adhesive layer laminated on one side of the base layer, optionally, through an intermediate layer. The pressure sensitive adhesive tape or sheet is characterized in that the back surface of the base layer has been applied with shearing force so as to subject it to a surface treatment and is improved in unwinding ability, namely, is capable of rerolling with small force when it is wound into a roll.

Abstract: A piezo-electric flexible membrane is formed by treating a perfluorinated membrane in order to produce a membrane having an electrical resistance greater than 1.times.10.sup.9 ohms. The resultant piezo-electric membrane may be used as an ultrasound transducer.

Abstract: A method for promoting adhesion of an ultra high modulus polyethylene fiber/epoxy resin composite is proved. The method entails subjecting a fabric made from ultra high modulus polyethylene fibers to a plasma etching, applying a silane coupling agent in hydrolyzed form to the etched fabric, and impregnating the fabric with epoxy resins, followed by molding.

Abstract: A new method for promoting adhesion of a polyethylene fiber/vinyl ester resin composites is provided. The method of the present invention comprises subjecting a fabric made from polyethylene fibers to plasma etching, applying a silane coupling agent to the etched fabric, and impregnating the fabric with vinyl ester resins, followed by the conventional molding.

Abstract: A primer composition of gamma-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane dissolved in an aprotic solvent having a solubility parameter of about 10.8 (cal/cm.sup.3).sup.1/2, for example, N,N'-dimethylacetamide, useful for bonding coating compositions to substrates. A superior bond is formed between a condensation cure silicone rubber and a polyimide film substrate when a primer composition of gamma-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane dissolved in N,N'-dimethylacetamide is first applied to the surface of the polyimide film and dried and cured thereon.

Abstract: A silicon modified organic surface is roughened by treatment with an oxygen containing plasma. If necessary the organic surface may be silicon-modified by treatment with a silicon containing material prior to plasma treatment. The roughened organic surface provides improved adhesion to other organic surfaces and to deposited metals. Improvements in methods for laminating organic surfaces and for depositing metals on organic surfaces which achieve improved adhesion are disclosed. Structures comprising laminated organic layers or metal deposited on organic surfaces which provide improved adhesion between the organic layers or between the metal and the organic-surface are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process comprising(A) preparing an adhesion promoting coating by applying to a polypropylene substrate a chlorinated interpolymer of ethylene and carbon monoxide having an amount of carbon monoxide in the range of 2.5 to 6.8 weight percent and an amount of chlorine in the range of 19 to 26 weight percent, and(B) coating the adhesion promoting coating with a paint.

Abstract: This invention relates to a metallized polypropylene film made from polypropylene/acid terpolymer blends and the process for the manufacture thereof. The acid terpolymer is composed of an ester monomer, an acid monomer and ethylene.

Abstract: A generally hydrophobic polyolefin article is provided with a modified surface by contacting said generally hydrophobic polyolefin with a copolymeric material while said polyolefin is at a temperature above its glass transition temperature. The copolymeric composition includes a generally hydrophobic moiety and a modifying moiety. Also disclosed is a method for imparting the modified surface to a generally hydrophobic polyolefin which method involves contacting a generally hydrophobic polyolefin with a copolymeric material while said generally hydrophobic polyolefin is at a temperature above its glass transition temperature. In one preferred embodiment, the generally hydrophobic polyolefin is contacted with said copolymeric composition immediately after said polyolefin has been extruded and while said polyolefin is undergoing die swell.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for restoring weathered plastic surfaces and for enhancing the resistance of the treated surface to sunlight. The surface of a plastic article being treated is first cleaned with a suitable cleaning agent and the surface is polished with a mild abrasive to remove major imperfections in the surface. Following cleaning and polishing, a first layer of an uncured adhesive material is applied over the surface. The adhesive material is selected from those compositions that are ultraviolet curable. An outer coat of a curable adhesive is applied over the uncured to form a semi-permanent outer surface on the article. The article then can be exposed to sunlight and other effects of weathering and over a period of time the underyling ultraviolet curable coating is gradually cured by exposure to sunlight so that the composite coating on the surface of the article becomes even tougher and better cured the more the article is exposed to sunlight.

Abstract: A vascular prosthesis is made by wetting a porous polyester fiber tubing with water until it gains close to maximum amount of weight, removing excess liquid from inside the tubing, repeatedly contacting the inside surface of the tubing with a solution of a biocompatible polymer in a water-immiscible solvent to adsorb some solution on the inside surface of the tubing, and removing excess solution, then removing solvent from the adsorbed solution to form a nonporous elastomer coating of the desired thickness on the inside surface of the tubing.

Abstract: A metallized film combination of an oriented polymeric substrate layer having on one surface thereof a coating of a blend of (a) a vinyl alcohol homopolymer or copolymer and (b) an ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, the coating blend having a metal layer thereon. The method involves coating the substrate after the substrate has been machine direction oriented and before the combination is transverse direction oriented followed by TD orientation and finally by depositing a metal layer on the blend surface.

Abstract: In a process for the preparation of a substrate surface for the bonding thereof with an activatable adhesive, an adhesion promoter layer is applied by means of sandblasting with a sandblasting material to which an activator has been added. Optionally, said adhesion promoter layer may be subsequently silanized.

Abstract: A method for surface treating a resin composition molded article and a method for coating a resin composition molded article are disclosed, which comprise irradiating a molded article with ultraviolet light having an irradiation wavelength in the region of 300 nm or less and, if desired, coating the thus UV-irradiated surface with a coating, the molded article being obtained from a resin composition comprising (I) 100 parts by weight of a resin composition comprising (A) from 5 to 99.5% by weight of a polypropylene resin selected from the group consisting of polypropylene, modified polypropylene, and a modified polypropylene/polypropylene composition and (B) from 0.

Abstract: The invention relates to articles consisting of highly oriented polyolefins having an ultrahigh molecular weight of more than 600,000 g/mol (weight-average molecular weight), especially filaments, fibers, yarns, fabrics and films, having good wetting and adhesive properties, especially on conventional matrix materials, which have been subjected to a plasma treatment of their surface, and also to a process for producing these articles and to their use for the manufacture of composites with the use of conventional matrix materials. In these composites, yarns according to the invention, for example, show a substantially higher adhesive strength than corresponding yarns which have not been plasma-treated, their tensile strength not being impaired by the plasma treatment.

Abstract: A thermoplastic film comprising a base layer of a thermoplastic resin which comprises polypropylene and a coating layer of an alkali metal salt of an alkyl sulfate is disclosed. The film is characterized by reduced COF and improved anti-blocking characteristics without the attendant problems associated with decreased clarity, adhesion and wettability common to films treated to improve their COF and anti-blocking characteristics. The disclosure also provides a process for making the film in which the polypropylene-coating thermoplastic resin is extruded into a sheet, said sheet oriented in the longitudinal direction to form a monoxially oriented film, said film coated with the alkali metal salt of an alkyl sulfate and said coated film oriented in the transverse direction.

Abstract: In a method for the preparation of surfaces of workpieces of composite fiber materials, which are to be subjected to a subsequent gluing or coating process, a wet chemical pretreatment of the surface in question is carried out with a solution, which contains a proportion of peroxodisulfate ions.

Abstract: An aqueous composition for treating fibers for use in the resin transfer/injection molding of high density continuous fiber preforms which comprises about 0.005 to 0.05 php wetting agent, about 0.05 to 0.25 php binder, about 0.10 to 1.00 php polymer, about 0.005 to 0.05 php plasticizer and about 0.05 to 0.25 php water soluble oil, balance water, wherein the term "php" is intended to mean parts per 100 parts water (w/w). This composition, when applied to fibers, allows high fiber tension to be applied during preform fabrication without causing damage due to mechanical abrasion of the fibers. The composition also promotes resin to fiber adhesion and speeds the flow of resin through the dense preform during resin injection/transfer molding.

Abstract: An apparatus (10) for discharging the internal surface of a plastic pipe (12) provides a saddle (32) having an internal cavity (35) formed therein for permitting threadable engagement of a shaft (24). The shaft (24) has a cutter (40) at one end for penetrating the plastic pipe (12) upon engagement. The shaft (24) also has a nozzle (28) formed adjacent to the cutter (40) for spraying an antistatic fluid (26) into the plastic pipe (12) for discharging the plastic pipe (12).

Abstract: A process for preparing solid perfluorocarbon polymer supports permitting uniform and secure attachment of perfluorocarbon-substituted ligands or binders to carriers is provided utilizing pretreatment of the carriers with water miscible organic solvents.

Abstract: A method for imparting flame resistance to fabric articles comprising natural or regenerated fibers is provided for. The method comprises: applying a detergent solution to fabric articles; rinsing the detergent solution from the fabric articles; applying an aqueous solution of one or more water-soluble flame retardant compounds to the damp fabric articles; removing excess amounts of the aqueous flame retardant solution from the fabric articles; recycling the excess amount of the aqueous retardant solution for use in treating other fabric articles; filtering the recycled aqueous flame retardant solution; and drying the fabric articles.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of a multilayer printed circuit board including the step of depositing a noble metal onto an electrically non-conducting substrate. The substrate is first coated with a layer of polyamine polymer modified by being contacted with a compound containing at least two functional groups reactive to amino groups. The coated substrate is then contacted with noble metal ions.

Abstract: The surface of a substrate made of substantially crystalline polyimide is converted to form a layer of substantially amorphous polyimide. The substantially amorphous layer is formed by treating the crystalline polimide surface with a base followed by treatment with an acid to form a polyamic acid layer, which is reimidized to form a substantially amorphous layer by a low temperature heat cycle. Metals or polyimides can be deposited onto this amorphous layer, which is then cured to convert the amorphous layer to substantially crystalline polyimide. This process enhances the adhesion of the metal or polyimide layer without introducing contamination (new foreign materials or new functional groups) from surface treatments of adhesion layers.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of orienting a liquid crystal polymer which comprises coating and drying a solution of a polymeric compound showing a thermotropic liquid crystal property on the surface of a plastic substrate applied with a rubbing treatment, and subjecting to a heat-treatment at a temperature that the liquid crystal polymer exhibits a liquid crystal phase.

Abstract: A tape comprising a biaxially-oriented backing made from a polymeric film bearing on one major surface thereof a layer of pressure-sensitive adhesive and on the other major surface thereof a layer of low-adhesive backsize composition. The backing and the layer of pressure-sensitive adhesive intermix so as to form a commingled layer between them.

Abstract: According to the invention, a chemically adsorbing material is reacted with a substrate surface having active hydrogen groups by dipping the substrate into a solution of the chemically adsorbing material simultaneous and applying ultrasonic waves to the solution. In this way, a high concentration monomolecular and/or polymer film substantially free from pin holes can be formed in a short period of time. That is, while the ultrasonic waves are applied, a chemical adsorbing material having an end functional chlorosilyl group is adsorbed onto the substrate surface, thereby forming a chemically adsorbed monomolecular and/or polymer film. The frequency of the ultrasonic waves are suitably in a range of 25 to 50 kHz. In addition, after formation of the adsorbed film, the substrate is washed for making monomolecular film by dipping it in a washing solution while applying ultrasonic waves. In this way, non-reacted chemical adsorbing material remaining on the substrate can be efficiently washed away.

Abstract: The invention relates to an anti-adhesive polyester film comprising polyester film support base having a semicrystalline orientation, which comprises, on at least its surface designed to receive the liquid mass, a coating comprising a fluorine-containing polymer. This application also relates to a method of forming a polyurethane layer onto an adhesive layer and the resulting polyurethane layer.

Abstract: A method for surface treating a thermoplastic resin shaped article is disclosed, which comprises irradiating a surface of the shaped article with an ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 300 nm or less, said shaped article being obtained from a resin composition comprising (I) 100 parts by weight of a resin comprising from 5 to 100% by weight of a polyphenylene ether resin, a mixture of a polyphenylene ether resin and a styrene resin; or a graft copolymer of a polyphenylene ether resin and styrene and from 95 to 0% by weight of at least one thermoplastic resin selected from the group consisting of a polyamide resin and a saturated polyester resin; (II) from ) 0 to 50 parts by weight of a rubbery substance; (III) from 0 to 50 parts by weight of an inorganic filler and/or glass fibers; and (IV) from 0 to 10 parts by weight of at least one compatibilizer for improving the compatibility between said polyphenylene ether resin and said polyamide resin and/or saturated polyester resin.

Abstract: A significant improvement in stain-resistance is obtained by commercial application of stain-blocker to nylon carpet that is installed, as opposed to immersing or otherwise treating the primary carpet or treating the precursor nylon polymer or fibers earlier during a manufacturing process. There are various methods of application and of increasing stain-resistance of installed carpets, as well as processes for disinfecting and deodorizing carpets while also imparting stain-resistance.

Abstract: A highly orientated, liquid crystalline polymer having a light controlling function and suitable for use in the optoelectronic field is prepared by applying a solution of a polymer which exhibits a thermotropic liquid crystallinity onto a stretched polymer film, drying the applied solution, and thereafter heat-treating the thus-coated film at a temperature at which said liquid crystalline polymer exhibits a liquid crystal phase, for a time sufficient for the molecules of the liquid crystalline polymer to be orientated.

Abstract: A method for continuously forming a large area functional deposited film by a microwave plasma CVD process, said method comprises: continuously moving a substrate web in the longitudinal direction; establishing a substantially enclosed film-forming chamber having a film-forming space by curving and projecting said moving substrate web to form a columnar portion to be the circumferential wall of said film forming chamber; introducing a film-forming raw material gas through a gas feed means into said film-forming space; at the same time, radiating or propagating microwave energy into said film-forming space by using a microwave applicator means capable of radiating or propagating said microwave energy with a directivity in one direction perpendicular to the direction of microwave propagation, to thereby generate plasma in said film-forming space, whereby continuously forming a functional deposited film on the inner face of said continuoulsy moving circumferential wall which is exposed to said plasma.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for manufacturing a magnetic recording medium at high efficiency. A flexible web is passed around first and second cooling cans. The web is reversed between the two cans so that the same surface of the web is directed to the outside on both cans. A single evaporation source produces an evaporated stream of magnetic film forming material which impinges on the web as it passes around both cans, thereby to form two films of the evaporated magnetic material on the same surface of the web.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing carbon material having good resistance to oxidation, comprising coating carbon material, which is a sintered body or a porous body, with an inorganic polysilazane; heating the carbon material coated with the inorganic polysilazane in an inert atmosphere to form amorphous silicon nitride on the surface of the carbon material; and reheating the heated carbon material in a non-nitriding and non-oxidizing atmosphere, the amorphous silicon nitride being decomposed and silicon carbide being formed on the surface of the carbon material; the reheating being conducted at a temperature of 1300.degree. C. to 1900.degree. C. and the non-nitriding and non-oxidizing atmosphere having a partial pressure of nitrogen determined with reference to a graph wherein the abscissa is a temperature in .degree.C. and the ordinate is partial pressure of nitrogen in atmospheres, the partial pressure being defined within an area under a line connecting a first point corresponding to 1300.degree. C. and 0.

Abstract: A process and apparatus are disclosed for providing antistatic protection to a plastic lens, the apparatus being adapted to carry out the process and comprising:(A) deionizing means for providing a flow of ionized air to at least a major surface of the lens;(B) an airless spray system for applying a thin, substantially uniform coating of liquid antistatic material onto the lens surface following its deionization.A decay chamber may be provided for at least partially isolating the lens from airborne contaminants as the antistatic material dries.

Abstract: Organopolysiloxane elastomers comprising copolymers of dimethyl and methylvinyl siloxanes provide improved facial and dental prosthetic materials, and are especially useful in preventing and treating chronic tissue irritation due to hard dental polymers. They are effectively bonded to polymeric and metallic substrates as denture liners, obturators, maxillofacial prosthetic devices and appliances with a group of trifunctional silane coupling agents.

Abstract: A flexible metal-film laminate can comprise a layered film structure having a metal layer securely bonded to a film layer. The laminate contains a unique metal-oxide attachment structure between the film and metal layer comprising randomly distributed regions of metal-oxide. The peel strength of such a laminate is significantly improved over prior laminates and is resistant to peel strength reduction due to environmental stress. The preferred metal-film laminates made with polyester or polyimide can be used in the manufacture of high-quality, low cost, flexible printed circuit boards.

Abstract: A heat stable bond between uncured urethane formulations and a rubber or synthetic rubber substrate is obtained by a method comprising coating the rubber surface with first a polyamine solution, then a peroxide solution and then a polyisocyanate-terminated monomer or prepolymer before applying the uncured urethane. While previously used bonds employing cyanoacrylate ester adhesives lose bond strength at elevated temperatures, the bond achieved in the present invention is stable throughout the operating temperature of the urethane.

Abstract: A method of highly accurate printing using a web offset press, particularly suited for stereographic printing. Consistent reproductions of a composite image are produced on a paper web, and registry between the image and an embossed screen is maintained, by preshrinking (e.g., reducing the moisture content of) the paper prior to printing the composite image on the paper web. Preshrinking the paper prevents the subsequent ink drying operation from causing shrinkage of the paper and concomitant variations in the image, permitting inline formation of a screen in accurate registry with the image.

Abstract: A device and method for enhancing adhesion between an embedded filler component and surrounding thermoplastic matrix which together form a composite material. The filler component is subjected to plasma discharge and subsequently maintained in an inert environment to protect the treated surface area against premature exposure to reactive substances. While maintained in this inert environment, the treated surface is coated with a thermoplastic polymer and solidified. This coated filler is then capable of processing into composite materials. The device comprises an enclosure which is adapted which includes a containment space and environment control for maintaining inert conditions during application of plasma discharge and coating with thermoplastic polymer.

Abstract: A method for bonding together rubber vulcanizates and urethane elastomers to form a composite comprising treating an outer surface of the rubber vulcanizate with a first solution of an organic compound containing a ##STR1## linkage dissolved in a solvent where X is a halogen, then coating the treated surface with a second solution of a diphenylmethane diisocyanate-based compound dissolved in a solvent and thereafter casting a urethane elastomer over the coated surface and curing the composite.

Abstract: Provided is a method for stabilizing an optical recording medium containing a polycarbonate substrate. The method comprises treating the substrate material in a high temperature, high humidity environment for an extended period of time. Dramatic improvements in the useful life of the optical recording medium in which the treated polycarbonate substrate is used have been found to result.

Abstract: The invention relates to the impregnation of clothing, specifically Battle ress Uniforms (BDUs) used by the U.S. Military, with amylopectin fabric wrinkle inhibitor and permethrin insect/arthropod repellent in combination. In one disclosed embodiment of the invention, BDUs are loaded into a field laundry, are rinsed with clear water at 120 degrees Fahrenheit, and amylopectin is applied at a particular concentration. The BDUs preferably are then steam pressed. Permethrin at a predetermined concentration is then applied preferably by the "Individual Dynamic Absorption Application" (IDAA) procedure. The retention of permethrin by clothing treated with amylopectin unexpectedly reveals a substantially higher retention level than clothing without treatment by amylopectin after multiple laundry cycles, providing thereby a dramatic improvement in the insect/arthropod repelling action of the clothing over time.

Abstract: A process for preparing an organic compound thin film for use in an optical device including steps of forming a multiplicity of geometric linear streaks with microscopic unevenness in section on a substrate at least whose surface is made up of an amorphous organic polymer layer; thereafter vapor-depositing on the surface an organic compound capable of exhibiting non-linear optical characteristics to form a non-linear optical material film.

Abstract: A method for the formation of a proteolipid membrane based on interphase peptides according to which an interphase peptide which has formed at the boundary of an aqueous phase and a nonpolar phase of organic solvent is brought into contact with an assembly of amphiphilic compounds such that the nonpolar surfaces of the interphase peptide and of the assembly of amphiphilic compounds face each other. In addition to peptide, the membrane also contains lipid.

Abstract: A shaped body formed of a polypropylene resin is surface-treated by a method which includes the steps of:providing a shaped body formed of a composition containing (A) 5-95% by weight of a specific propylene-ethylene block copolymer and (B) 5-95% by weight of a specific ethylene-propylene copolymer rubber;contacting a surface of the shaped body with a UV-ray absorbing liquid at a temperature and for a period of time sufficient to swell the surface; andirradiating UV rays having wavelengths of 300 nm or less on the swollen surface thereby increasing the surface energy of the surface of the shaped body. The thus treated shaped body is ready for coating with a coating material.

Abstract: A process for providing the surface of a film made from a weldable polymer material with projections. The projections are formed by particles which are applied, in particular sprayed, in the molten state onto the film surface. The welding factor is preferably significantly below 1.

Abstract: Retroreflective sheeting has been improved by a coating comprising silica and a transparent polymer selected from aliphatic polyurethanes, polyvinyl chloride copolymers having a minor amount of a comonomer containing at least one carboxylic acid or hydroxyl moiety, and acrylic polymers. Silica comprises 10-80 weight percent (10-70% in the case of polyacrylates) of the transparent protective coating. For example, a solution or dispersion of polyurethane is mixed with a silica sol and possibly other ingredients (e.g. wetting agent, UV light absorber and adhesion promoter), and the composition is coated onto the retroreflective sheet and dried. The coated retroreflective sheeting has superior soil and dew repellancy, retaining a higher percentage of original brightness after exposure to dirt and/or dew conditions.

Abstract: The surface of commercially available polymer films are treated with a low emperature gas plasma to improve the subsequent bonding of aluminum to the polymer surface without the need for adhesives.