Abstract: A method for applying a PVDC polymer coating to the outside of a PET parison includes deionizing the surface of the parison, dipping the parison into an aqueous PVDC dispersion, withdrawing the parison at a controlled rate to prevent slubbing of the polymer coating, and drying the coating by exposure to desiccated air. The method dramatically reduces the energy requirements for coating operations yet produces a finished biaxially oriented PET container having superior gas barrier characteristics.

Abstract: Membranes based on silicic acid heteropolycondensates are produced by hydrolytic polycondensation of at least one silicic acid derivative in the presence of water and, if appropriate, a condensation catalyst, the polycondensation being carried out at the surface of a support, which supports the resulting membrane. The reactants can be fed to the surface of the support via the gas phase or via one or more liquid phases.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of thermosetting plastics for improving supports used for cell growth. The process according to the invention consists of applying to base supports, a solution of a thermosetting plastics material and of then subjecting the thus-coated supports to the effect of heat under conditions sufficient to permit the hardening of the thermosetting plastics material and sterilization of the thus-coated supports. The supports according to the invention are suitable for any conventional seeding and trypsination operations on cell cultures; they can also be used for the cultivation of human or animal diploid cells.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an enclosure member consisting essentially of solid, non-aromatic polymers that have a linear carbon to carbon backbone structure and have a plurality of free hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon atoms with a permeability to wet and dry solvents and fuels of less than 1/50, of the permeability of untreated enclosure members having a thickness of 1 mm, a portion of the hydrogen atoms of the surfaces of said member having been replaced by sulphonic acid or sulphonate groups and being coated with a cured thin layer of a mixture of a resin made by the reaction of urea and formaldehyde, respectively of melamine and formaldehyde, with furfuryl alcohol, and an oligomer consisting of a polymer of furfuryl alcohol and formaldehyde.

Abstract: An elastomer coated bias fabric for reinforcing power transmission belts and the like is disclosed wherein one face of the fabric is provided with an uncured, tacky, carboxylated elastomeric composition. In one embodiment, the fabric is prepared by pre-impregnating the fabric with a neoprene latex composition followed by coating the neoprene composition on both faces of the fabric, and after drying the fabric, overcoating one face only of the coated fabric with a tackified, carboxylated neoprene latex composition. A method and apparatus for manufacturing the coated fabric is also disclosed.

Abstract: An elastomer coated bias fabric for reinforcing power transmission belts and the like is disclosed wherein one surface of the fabric is provided with an uncured, tacky, elastomeric composition. The fabric is prepared by pre-impregnating the fabric, transversely stretching the fabric on a tenter frame, coating a latex composition on both surfaces of the fabric while maintaining the fabric in its transversely stretched condition, and after drying the fabric, overcoating one surface only of the coated fabric with a tackified, latex composition which may contain a chemical linking agent which enhances the bond between the elastomer and the fabric by forming a chemical bridge between them. A method for manufacturing coated fabric is also disclosed.

Abstract: A treatment of a shaped flexible elastomer item so as to form a coating of a hydrophilic polymer on the surface of the elastomer. The treatment encompasses cleaning of the elastomer surface, immersion of the elastomer in a concentrated solution of a strong acid such as sulphuric acid, washing, and subsequent dipping of the treated elastomer in a solution of an uncured hydrophilic polymer. The treated elastomer is then held at an elevated temperature for a period of time to cure the polymer coating and to bond the polymer coating to the elastomer.

Abstract: Clouded acrylate surfaces are cleaned permanently. The clouded surface is first cleaned using a petroleum distillate. Subsequently, a coating of an oil-monomer modified alkyl resin, 71-78% non-volatile, is coated on the surface to prevent further clouding.

Abstract: An aramid reinforcing element is treated with a cold gas plasma of air, N.sub.2, He, Ne or Ar or mixture thereof at up to 300 watts power for a few seconds to several minutes to improve its adhesion to rubber compounds.

Abstract: A process for applying a light- or radiation-curable resin composition onto a polyolefin molding comprising surface treating a molding of polyolefin composition composed of 99.99 to 0 wt % of a polyolefin and 0.01 to 100 wt % of an olefinic polymeric compound having polar groups represented by the formula, --OCOR, ##STR1## wherein R and R' are each a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, by at least one pretreatment method selected from the group consisting of a treatment with a halogenated hydrocarbon solvent, a low temperature plasma treatment, a corona discharge treatment, a flame treatment and an alkali degreasing treatment, and applying onto the thus treated molding surface a light- or radiation-curable resin composition, is disclosed.

Abstract: Multistep process for electroless plating of copper onto a non-conductive surface including the steps of: (1) laminating a rough copper sheet onto the non-conductive surface; (2) etching away all the copper; (3) conditioning the surface with multifunctional positively charged molecules derived from copolymers of polyacrylamide and functionally active tetraalkylammonium compounds in an diluted inorganic acid; (4) activating the conditioned surface preferably with stannous/palladium chloride particles; (5) treating the activated surface with deionized water and diluted HCl; (6) applying a photoresist layer to the surface and selectively exposing and developing the photoresist to produce a mask corresponding to the negative of the desired circuit pattern; and (7) plating copper using successively two baths differing in their oxygen and CN.sup.- concentration, where the foregoing steps are interspersed with washing steps.

Abstract: A method of preparing nitrile elastomer surfaces for bonding by epoxy adhves is presented. A treating solution comprising a dilute concentration of a mineral acid such as HCl in a carrier comprising water and either alcohol or ketones is prepared. The treating solution is applied to the elastomer surface with the surface being hydrolyzed in a mild manner thereby providing an improved adherable surface for covalent bonding by epoxy adhesives. A surfactant can be added to the treating solution for cleaning the surface to enhance the surface treatment.

Abstract: A polyurethane polymer amine salt is used as a dyeing aid by pretreating a woven or non-woven textile material containing at least partially or wholly synthetic textile materials or by incorporating a solution of the polyurethane polymer amine salt into the dyeing bath.

Abstract: Heat-sealable films are described which are constituted by a polyolefin film, particularly polypropylene, having on one surface thereof a layer of primer, applied in aqueous or aqueous-alcoholic solution, and chosen from: polyethylenimines, products of the condensation of urea or melamine with formaldehyde, particularly the etherified compounds; alkoxyalkyl melamine polyhydroxylates; or mixtures of the said compounds; and, on the other surface thereof, a layer of the said primer or one similar to the first, followed by a layer of vinyl, vinylidene or acrylic polymer or copolymer.

Abstract: A method is provided for the preparation of an electrode substrate for use in a liquid display device utilizing perpendicular alignment of liquid crystal and dichroic dye molecules. In the improved method, a base substrate bearing an electrode film is coated with an insulating film on the surface which contacts the liquid crystal. The insulating film is rubbed with cloth in a fixed direction and following the rubbing treatment, the rubbed surface is treated with a silane surfactant so that when the electrode substrate is employed in a liquid crystal display device, the liquid crystal and dye molecules are arranged in the direction of the major axes thereof in substantially perpendicular orientation at constant tilt angles in the same direction on the interface with said electrode substrate.

Abstract: A textile material suitable for use as an automotive upholstery fabric is provided, which comprises:(a) a body portion having a face and a back comprised of synthetic, thermoplastic fibers;(b) said body portion being provided with a substantially oil- and water-repellent fluoropolymer substantially evenly distributed on the face thereof in a minor amount sufficient to improve soil resistance characteristics but less than an amount which would cause said material to burn at a rate in excess of about 2 inches per minute or to support such burning for longer than about one minute; and(c) said textile material further having been backcoated with a flame-retardant backcoating in an amount sufficient to improve the flammability characteristics of said textile material.

Abstract: A method is provided for improving the weatherability of a polycarbonate substrate by initially treating the surface of the polycarbonate substrate with a solution of a hydrolyzed silylated organic U.V. screen followed by the application of a curable silicone hardcoat composition onto the treated substrate.

Abstract: A process for treating an acetylene polymer or a doped acetylene polymer, which comprises plasma-polymerizing a gasifiable organic compound under plasma-excitation under reduced pressure, thereby forming a polymer film on the solid surface of an acetylene polymer or a doped acetylene polymer placed in said polymerization reaction system. This process can prevent the acetylene polymer or doped acetylene polymer from being deteriorated owing to oxidation.

Abstract: A method for bonding unvulcanized fluorinated elastomers to vulcanized non-fluorinated elastomers comprising exposing the vulcanized elastomer to a fluorinating agent; applying a conventional fluorinate elastomer adhesive to the treated vulcanized elastomer; contacting the adhesive-coated portion of the vulcanized elastomer with the unvulcanized fluorinated elastomer; and curing in situ the fluorinated elastomer. Sulfur tetrafluoride is a preferred fluorinating agent.

Abstract: The invention provides a novel means for solving the problem of poor adhesion between the surface of a substrate of a metal or a plastic resin, e.g. polycarbonate resin, and a cured coating film of an organopolysiloxane formed thereon to impart good surface properties, e.g. hardness and weathering resistance, to the substrate surface by use of an adhesion improver as a primer which comprises a copolymer of an organosilicon compound having a hydrolyzable group and an ethylenic unsaturation in the molecule, glycidyl methacrylate and an organic monomer, e.g. methyl methacrylate and vinyl acetate, a reaction product of an aminoalkyl-containing organosilane compound and an acid anhydride and, optionally, an ultra-violet light absorber in a limited proportion.

Abstract: The peel strength of metal-clad polymers such as a polyimide polymer may be increased by treating said polymer with a gas plasma prior to the deposition of the metal thereon. The gas plasma is provided for by the introduction of a gas such as helium, argon, compositions of gases such as carbon tetrafluoride and oxygen over the surface of the polymer while said polymer is in an electrical field in which the power may range from about 3.8.times.10.sup.-3 watts/cm.sup.2 to about 100 watts/cm.sup.2.

Abstract: Ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer film containing 35 to 50 percent copolymerized vinyl acetate by weight is irradiated with 0.5 to 16 megarads of high energy radiation, contacted with an alcoholic solution of a titanate or silane coupling agent, and subsequently contacted with an alcoholic finely divided mineral particulate slurry. The resulting film is elastomeric, heat sealable, transparent upon relaxation after being stretched and free of surface tack.

Abstract: Textiles, preferably yarns and fibers, based on synthetic polymers, with permanent conducting properties, which possess, on the surface, a uniform continuous layer consisting of at least 3% of copper sulphide, the composition of which is such that the atomic ratio Cu/S is between 1.5 and 2, and preferably more than 1.7, and of which the ratio R/R.sub.o is between 1 and 10, R being the electrical resistance after treatment for 400 hours at 60.degree. C. and at a humidity of 70%, and R.sub.o being the initial resistance of the treated textile. The synthetic polymer is based on polyamide or polyester, or is an aromatic polyamide or a polyamide-imide. Processes for the manufacture of these textiles and textile articles with permanent conducting properties, such as floor/wall coverings, containing between 0.01 and 5% of the treated textiles, are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention provides a novel method for the preparation of a composite shaped article of a vinyl chloride-based resin clad with a coating layer of polyvinyl alcohol without the use of any adhesive agent. The method comprises subjecting the surface of the shaped article to exposure to an atmosphere of low temperature atmosphere, coating the thus plasma-treated surface of the shaped article with an aqueous solution of a polyvinyl alcohol and drying. The coating layer of the polyvinyl alcohol thus formed is so firmly bonded to the surface of the vinyl chloride-based resin shaped article that various advantageous properties are imparted to the shaped article.

Abstract: A process for treatment of polyester fabrics imparts improved characteristics to the fabric, including improved moisture wicking, soil-release, and soil-redeposition properties, and less static cling. The process comprises treatment of the fabric with a caustic solution, preferably in the presence of an appropriate catalyst, followed by the application of a polyester copolymer, the copolymer having both hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups. The process treats the entire fabric, not just the surface, and provides a product sufficiently comfortable to be used for intimate apparel and active sportswear.

Abstract: A highly glossy skin of silicone rubber is produced on a roller body. The resultant rollers are adapted for use in the calendering of sheets and films of synthetic resinous material to produce a mirror-like finish thereon.

Abstract: A coated plastic film possessing good printability slip properties, oxygen and moisture barrier properties and transparency which comprises applying to a plastic film a coating solution of a thermoplastic resin as base resin in which a synthetic resin of a network structure having a softening temperature above 100.degree. C. and being in the form of a fine powder are added, and drying thereafter.

Abstract: The invention comprises a hollow body, suitable for receiving diffusible substances and made of plastics material coated with varnish resins, the external surface of which has a roughness, measured in profile according to DIN 4768, Part I, of Rz=from 2 to 150 .mu.m and R.sub.max =from 5 to 250 .mu.m on which a coating, positively linked with that surface to provide a seal against diffusion of liquids and gases present in the body, consisting of a chemically crosslinked polyurethane resin is located in a layer thickness of from 10 to 800 .mu.m.

Abstract: The corrosive alkaline surface layer of an epoxy resin product formed by the curing of the epoxy with an aliphatic amine is eliminated by first applying a non-solvent to remove most or all of the free unreacted amine and then applying a layer of a chemical reagent to neutralize the unused amine or amine functional groups by forming a substituted urea. The surface then may be rinsed with acetone and then with alcohol. The non-solvent may be an alcohol. The neutralizing chemical reagent is a mono-isocyanate or a mono-isothiocyanate. Preferred is an aromatic mono-isocyanate such as phenyl isocyanate, nitrophenyl isocyanate and naplthyl isocyanate.

Abstract: A method for modifying the surface characteristics of copper foil by contacting a surface thereof with an oxidizing composition; and use of the treated copper foil in the preparation of printed circuits.

Abstract: A method is described for achieving full cure of a peroxide cured polyester resin in the presence of rubber, which method is based on the discovery that there is competition between the uncured resin and the rubber surface for the peroxide curing agent present adjacent to the rubber/resin interface. The method has several embodiments, including: (1) utilizing a low surface activity rubber, (2) deactivating the surface of a high surface activity rubber, (3) utilizing a peroxide material at the interface, (4) utilizing a material with which the rubber surface reacts preferentially, and (5) utilizing a "rapid cure" for the polyester. Also described is a laminate of rubber and polyester resin formed by this method.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of applying a polyurethane foam to a fabric and the product produced thereof. This method involves:(a) coating the fabric with a silicone surfactant, and(b) expanding the polyurethane foaming mixture in contact with the coated portion of the fabric.

Abstract: Method and apparatus are disclosed for spraying water-borne emulsion topcoat finish materials with gloss and clarity equivalent to solvent-based topcoat materials irrespective of ambient conditions. One or more secondary water atomizing sprays are positioned laterally of the primary emulsion spray nozzle to lay down a mist layer underneath or on top or, preferably, both underneath and on top of the emulsion topcoat layer to retard premature coalescence of the emulsion particles thus permitting release of air bubbles entrained in the emulsion film during the spraying process. The water mist spray is preferably not intermingled with the emulsion spray in the space between the spray nozzles and finish surface but kept close enough to the emulsion spray to avoid significant coalescence of the emulsion film before the entrained air bubbles are released.

Abstract: An oriented polypropylene film substrate and method of manufacturing an oriented polypropylene film having enhanced adhesion to metallized coatings which comprises the steps of coextruding the film substrate having a homopolymer polypropylene core layer, and an ethylene propylene outer layer on at least one side of the core layer, the core and outer layers containing no slip agent. The film substrate is biaxially oriented, and the outer layer is corona treated. A metal coating is then deposited on the corona treated outer layer.

Abstract: A method for coating a web with a coating liquid wherein heavy coating of the web at the coating start position with the coating liquid is prevented. While a thin layer of pretreatment liquid having a low viscosity and consisting of water and/or organic solvent is applied at the coating start position and the region around the coating start position on the web, the web is fed into a coating section where the web is coated with the coating liquid with the coating liquid applied over the thin layer of pretreatment liquid on the web. With the coating operation carried out with a hopper-type coating device, a method is preferably employed in which the amount of pressure reduction of a bead stabilizing suction chamber is set at value higher than that used for steady-state operation.

Abstract: The peel strength of metal-clad polymers may be increased by treating a polymer such as polysulfone with a gas plasma prior to the deposition of the metal thereon. The gas plasma is provided for by the introduction of a gas such as helium, argon, etc. over the surface of the polymer while said polymer is in an electric field in which the power may range from about 50 to about 15,000 watts.

Abstract: Neutral to basic silicone resin abrasion resistant coating compositions can be adherently secured to cast acrylic plastic substrates without a primer if the substrate is provided with a wash coat of glacial acetic acid shortly before being coated with said silicone resin composition.

Abstract: Surfaces of articles formed from (1) normally solid polymers of aliphatic mono-1-olefins and (2) elastomeric and resinous polymers of conjugated dienes and vinyl-substituted aromatic compounds are conditioned by contact with a fluorine-containing gas under conditions and for a period of time sufficient to render the surface receptive to adhesives, coatings, paints, inks, decorations, and the like. The fluorine-containing gas can be pure or admixed with up to about 99 volume percent inert gas.

Abstract: A method for preventing surface exit of piles from a fabric through a very thin layer of spreading and product thereby obtained, wherein the base or support intended to be spread with acryl resins or butadiene-acrylonitrile in emulsion is previously imbued with emulsion destabilizers building up the coagulation of the emulsion as the resin contacts the fabric.

Abstract: A method of making a pressure-sensitive adhesive tape comprising a substrate formed of high-density, flexible, open-cell polyurethane foam impregnated with a chlorine-containing elastomer and coated with a pressure-sensitive adhesive.

Abstract: A process for refinishing the surface of a body of acrylo-butadiene-styrene (ABS) polymer by applying to the surface a coating material and treating the body with a solvent. The surface is cooled, together with at least the material underlying the surface, to a temperature in the range about 32.degree. F. to 40.degree. F. The surface of the body is then contacted with a solvent vapor for a time sufficient to reflow the surface but not to warm appreciably the inner layer of the body. The process avoids distortion in the refinished surface.

Abstract: This invention discloses a method for converting a nitrile rubber substrate urface to a chemically active surface whereupon said surface reacts with an adhesive to form a permanent bond with said adhesive. The nitrile rubber substrate surface is so converted by treatment with a dilute mineral acid.

Abstract: To improve adhesion of a hydrophilic photographic emulsion to a hydrophobic polyester film base the latter is pretreated by electrical discharge, flame or chemical treatment, and then given a sub-coating composed of an aqueous dispersion of gelatin, a water-soluble polyester, and a polyfunctional aziridine crosslinking agent, and this coating is then thermally cured.

Abstract: Surfaces of articles formed from poly(arylene sulfide) resins are conditioned for the reception of adhesives, coatings, paints, and the like by contact with a fluorine-containing gas under conditions and for a period of time sufficient to render the surface water-wettable. The fluorine-containing gas can be pure or admixed with up to about 99 volume percent inert gas.

Abstract: An improved method for manufacturing membrane battery separators by grafting a vinyl monomer onto a polyolefin film. The method includes irradiation of the film by ultraviolet rays and subsequent grafting of the said film in a five-layer sandwich. The sandwich comprises the irradiated polyolefin film which is covered on each side with a layer of a cellulosic tissue soaked with the monomer or a solution of the monomer, and each cellulosic layer on its turn is covered by an inert polymeric film. The layers of the sandwich are not limited in length and the sandwich is transported at a constant speed over the surface of a heater, maintaining the sandwich at a constant temperature in the range 85.degree. to 95.degree. C. with an accuracy of .+-.1.degree. C. The grafting of the polyolefin film in the sandwich proceeds continuously and isothermally, while it is in contact with the heater surface under a pressure of 10 to 30 g/cm.sup.2 during 10 to 45 minutes.

Abstract: A novel type of low temperature heat-sealable bi-axially oriented polypropylene composite film and a process for the production thereof are disclosed. The composite film is characterized by having on at least one of the outer surfaces thereof a uni-axially or bi-axially oriented extremely thin continuous layer of a primary higher fatty acid amide or an N-substituted higher fatty acid amide formed through the sequential coating and orientating, and it shows well-balanced excellence in all properties required for such films including lubricity, anti-blocking property, anti-scratch property and low temperature heat sealability.

Abstract: A method of preparing a preformed sheet-like waterproofing material in the form of a laminate structure of a sheet-like flexible support member having on one side thereof a flexible membrane of an adhesive bituminous composition. The method requires placing the flexible sheet-like polymeric support member in facing relationship with a forming surface, applying a coating of an adhesive bituminous composition having a temperature above the melting point of the polymeric support member to the opposite surface of the support and simultaneously cooling the forming surface at a rate at least sufficient to maintain the support member thereon below its melting point for a time at least sufficient to permit the bituminous composition to cool below the melting point of the support member. The present method alleviates the utilization of a non-structural release sheet during formation or packaging of the waterproofing composite structure.

Abstract: A hydrophobic plastic support which has a layer thereon comprising a copolymer, said copolymer consisting essentially of an acrylic monomer selected from alkyl esters of acrylic acid and alkyl esters of methacrylic acid, and an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a group of the formula--COXROHwherein X stands for an oxygen atom or ##STR1## in which R' stands for a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group or a hydroxy group, and R stands for a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group.

Abstract: A device for moistening a blood serum bearing film before it is wetted with a buffer solution comprises a conveyor roller assembly including a first roller having its surface layer formed of sponge and partly maintained in immersion in a buffer solution and a second roller disposed above and in abutting relationship with the first roller, wetting means for passing a blood serum bearing film between the rollers to supply a buffer solution thereto from the surface layer, and a vapor ejection tube disposed adjacent to the both rollers for spraying a vapor to the film before it is wetted.

Abstract: A process for lubricating textile threads by treatment in an aqueous bath containing a lubricating agent is disclosed which comprises the steps of:(a) impregnating bobbins of the textile thread with an aqueous bath liquid containing dispersed therein an amount of from about 6 to about 20%, by weight, of at least one organosilicon polymer lubricating agent;(b) removing the impregnated bobbins of thread from the bath liquid;(c) removing from the impregnated bobbins such an amount of adhering bath liquid that the resulting moist bobbins of thread retain only an amount of from about 25 to about 70%, by weight, of the bath liquid relative to the weight of the dry thead; and,(d) drying the moist bobbins of thread sufficiently to substantially remove their absorbed water content.The process may be effected at ambient temperature in a dyeing apparatus directly subsequent to a dyeing procedure.