Abstract: A fibrous web having an enhanced capacity for water absorption is produced by impregnating an absorbent fabric with a polymer or copolymer capable of forming by cross-linking an absorbent polymer or copolymer and subsequently heating the treated fabric effecting cross-linking of the polymer to form an absorbent polymer. The product may comprise a non-woven fibrous web or mat having a water-insoluble binder on one surface and a cross-linked hydrophilic polymer or copolymer on its opposite surface.

Abstract: Protecting marble, stone, tiles, cement, and similar materials utilized in the building industry from the action of atmospheric agents and pollutants, which comprises applying a perfluoropolyether having perfluoroalkyl end groups onto the surface of the article, said perfluoropolyether being in the form of an aqueous microemulsion.

Abstract: An aqueous dispersed primer-sealer composition applied to a surface layer of overlay paper or surface mat provides an impregnated surface layer for use in manufacturing hardboard products by hot pressing in a molding operation. The primer sealer provides a finished surface as well as defect-free surface from the molding surface. The primer-sealer can be pigmented and is based on a polymeric binder composition containing melamine resin, carboxyl functional acrylic emulsion copolymer, vinyl-acetate-vinyl versatate copolymer, emulsified fatty acid, and polyvinyl alcohol.

Abstract: Discoloration of water-based coatings due to uneven leaching of chromophoric substances, such as natural tannins and applied stains, is eliminated by contacting the surface with a water soluble anti-leachate compound selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acid salts, mono/polyfunctional amines and amine derivatives and their acid addition salts.

Abstract: Use of fine-particled biocidal aqueous cationic dispersions of polymers as biocidal treatment agents for substrates at risk from microbes, preferably for fungicidal, bactericidal and/or algicidal treatments. The dispersions of polymers used are biocidal cationic dispersions of polymers which can be obtained from suitable monomers by emulsion polymerization and which contain biocidal cationically surfactant quaternary organic ammonium compounds, preferably tetra-substituted ammonium compounds of the formula (I) and/or alkyl- or alkenylpyridinium compounds of the formula (II), in particular in an amount of 0.1 to 20% by weight, based on the disperse polymer. The average particle diameter of the polymer particles in the biocidal cationic dispersions of polymers is preferably 0.02 to 0.5 .mu.m at a cationic activity of 1.5 to 600 .mu.mol per g of solid, measured at pH 7, and the solids content of the dispersions is preferably 3 to 40% by weight.

Abstract: Hard surfaces protection is accomplished by the application of a polyester formed by the copolymerization of polyethylene terephthalate and polyoxyethylene or polyoxypropylene terephthalate thereto.

Abstract: The invention comprises a process for the preservation of timber with a boron based compound, such as trimethyl borate. The timer is dried to a low moisture content, is then subjected to a vapor of the boron compound in a suitable treatment vessel, and after vapor treatment is steam conditioned to return the moisture content of the timber to a normal working level. The vapor treatment is preferably carried out under heat and reduced pressure. Timber preserved by the process is also claimed.

Abstract: The component polyol/polyisocyanate composition useful in forming an abrasion resistant polyurethane automotive undercoating. The polyol component is unmodified castor oil or castor oil modified with cyclohexanone-formaldehyde condensate. The modified castor oil may be further modified by adding the reaction product of neopentyl glycol and adipic acid. The polyisocyanate component comprises an MDI-based mixture containing polyisocyanate prepolymers based on alkylene oxides.

Abstract: The invention relates to the application of a resin composition containing(1) 20-85 parts by weight of an alkoxy groups containing polymer consisting of(a) 1-40 wt. % (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6) alkoxymethyl ether of acryl- or methacrylamide(b) 20-85 wt. % (C.sub.1 -C.sub.12) alkyl esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid(c) 0-40 wt. % hydroxyalkyl(meth)acrylate, acrylic or methacrylic acid, acryl- or methacrylamide or mixtures thereof(d) 0-50 wt. % vinylaromatic compound and(e) 0-40 wt. % other monomers(2) 0-80 parts by weight of hydroxy, carboxy or amide containing polymer and(3) 15-60 parts by weight of organic solvents in a coating material curing at room temperature.

Abstract: There are provided aqueous emulsions useful for rendering porous substrates water repellent having low volatile organic compound content when cured comprising effective amounts of (a) a hydrolyzable silane having a determinable pH-stable range, (b) an emulsifying agent having an HLB value of from 2 to 20, (c) a buffering compound to maintain the composition within the pH-stable range; and (d) water. Such buffered compositions are stable on long term storage and maintain high effective levels of active silane content even when they include biocides which may accelerate the hydrolysis of aqueous silane-containing compositions.

Abstract: The surfaces of stony materials, tiles, cement conglomerates and relevant manufactured articles are protected from atmospheric agents and pollutants by surface application of a protective material consisting of a mixture comprising a vinylidene fluoride polymer or copolymer containing 55-100 mol % of vinylidene fluoride, 0-45 mole % of hexafluoropropene and 0-30 mol % of tetrafluoroethylene and an aqueous microemulsion or emulsion of perfluoropolyethers. Such mixtures are applied by conventional methods onto the surface to be protected.

Abstract: There are disclosed a flame retardant for treatment of wood and a wood product coated with the flame retardent, which comprises (A) 3-(dialkylphosphono)propionamides respresented by the following general formula: ##STR1## (in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each represents an alkyl group containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms; and R.sub.3 represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or a methylol group group) and/or methylolated derivatives thereof; (B) at least one resin selected from the group consisting of water-soluble or water-dispersible resins, melamine resins and copolycondensated urea-melamine resins; and (C) ammonium polyphosphates microcapsulated by melamine and/or epoxy resins.

Abstract: For cotton spinning, use is made of a treatment agent containing silicone with viscosity at 25.degree. C. of 10 centistokes or greater such as dimethylsilicone, end hydroxy modified dimethylsilicone or epoxy modified dimethylsilicone and an emulsifier such as polyoxyethylene alkylether or polyoxyethylene alkylphenylether. The treatment agent may also contain a cationic or non-ionic surface-active agent within a specified range of weight ratio. The treatment agent is applied to raw cotton during its bale opening or beating opener process at the rate of 0.001-2.0 wt %.

Abstract: A method for preserving wood uses a pressurized solution of concentrated thujone oil. The concentrated thujone oil is applied to the wood to be preserved at a pressure in the range of 120 to 200 p.s.i. Preferably, the wood to be preserved is heated to about 110.degree. before application of the thujone oil. The thujone oil penetrates deep into the wood to provide a long-lasting wood preservative effect. In addition, the wood preservative imparts a cedar aroma to the preserved wood.

Abstract: Waterborne penetrating coating compositions and a method for applying the coating compositions to wood surfaces are disclosed. The coating compositions include a resin component comprising a first maleinized linseed oil having a low molecular weight in the range of about 1,000 to 3,000, a second maleinized linseed oil having a medium molecular weight in the range of about 4,000 to 8,000 and a medium-long oil length water-reducible alkyd resin, and a solvent component comprising water and propylene glycol tertiary butyl ether (PTB) as a coupling solvent. The coating compositions also preferably include an alkaline solubilizer for neutralizing the resin component and an aliphatic hydrocarbon for controlling evaporation of the solvent component after the coating component is applied to the wood surface.

Abstract: Temperature adaptable textile fibers are provided in which phase-change or plastic crystalline materials are filled within hollow fibers or impregnated upon non-hollow fibers. The fibers are produced by applying solutions or melts of the phase-change or plastic crystalline materials to the fibers. Cross-linked polyethylene glycol is especially effective as the phase change material, and, in addition to providing temperature adaptability, it imparts improved properties as to soil release, durable press, resistance to static charge, abrasion resistance, pilling resistance and water absorbency.

Abstract: A sealant composition is provided to seal wood products against moisture absorption and the swelling caused thereby. The sealant composition is especially adapted to be applied to the cut ends of dimensioned lumber and particularly to the edges of wood products such as plywood, waferboard, oriented strand board and particle board. The composition includes a water-based polymeric binder, a wax hydrophobic filler and a water-soluble alkali metal siliconate salt. The polymeric binder preferably has two components. The first is a soft, stretchy polymer with a low glass transition temperature which allows the binder to stretch when the wood swells due to moisture absorption. The second is a polymer with a high glass transition temperature which enhances binding properties.

Abstract: A lumber end sealing machine involves a pass-through design utilizing a single exhaust system and the use of traveling and rotating sealer paint spray guns. An exhaust chamber is centered over the conveyor with spray guns located at both the conveyor entrance and exit openings of the exhaust chamber. The spray guns are formed to both transversely and rotatingly pass through an end face of the package of lumber which is stopped at the center of the exhaust system. The spray guns are supported on a vertical rod suspended from a carriage with transverse movement through the use of a pneumatic rodless piston and rotational movement of the spray guns by rotation of the vertical rod by means of a cam follower mechanism engaged with a curved profile bar.

Abstract: A process for the production of floor covering, especially of the floating type for private and public areas, wherein a granulated material is mixed with a hardenable plastic binder to a paste-like mass, this mass being subsequently spread evenly on a surface, smoothed and then hardened. The grain size of the granulated material and/or the mixing proportions between the granulate and the binder are so selected that after the application and smoothing of the mass, neighboring granules of the granulated material are basically touching each other only in certain points, and, as a result of the hollow spaces existing between the individual grains of the granulated material wetted by the binder, the covered substrate is not wetted by the binder in a proportion of 40 to 70%, preferably 50%. A second layer of water-emulsifiable synthetic resin including a hydraulic binder is applied to the hardened floor covering to achieve an increase in mechanical load which can be supported by the hardened covering.

Abstract: In a method of reinforcing a guitar neck in which the neck of the guitar is preliminarily bent into an arcuate shape, a long straight aperture is formed within the neck over substantially all of its length by a laser beam or a long drill and an adjusting rod is inserted into the long aperture to reinforce the neck after releasing the bend of the neck, the method comprises the steps of providing a spot facing for a nut for the adjusting rod at the top side of the long aperture as well as another spot facing for the head of the adjusting rod at the root side of the long aperture, the neck provided with the long aperture, the neck provided with the long aperture and the spot facings is submerged within the resin in a vacuum pan or an autoclave to promote resin impregnation into the interior of the neck portion, the neck then being polymerized with a heat energy polymerizing apparatus, an adjusting rod subsequently being inserted from a root side of the resin impregnated and polymerized neck into the long apertur

Abstract: There are provided aqueous emulsions useful for rendering porous substrates water repellent comprising (a) a hydrolyzable silane having a determinable pH-stable range, (b) an emulsifying agent having an HLB value of from 2 to 20, an effective amount of (c) a buffering compound to maintain the composition within the pH-stable range; and (d) water. Such buffered compositions are stable on long term storage and maintain high effective levels of active silane content even when they include biocides which may accelerate the hydrolysis of aqueous silane-containing compositions.

Abstract: The polyurethanes and polyureas resulting from ambient-temperature-curing isocyanate-terminated urethane prepolymers with N-alkyl-substituted aromatic polyamines and, optionally, with an added polyol, but primary amine-free, in the presence of a combination catalyst comprising an aliphatic carboxylic acid, e.g., adipic, stearic, oleic acids, and an organometallic catalyst containing, e.g., tin, mercury, bismuth, etc. are broadly useful as coatings on the surface of objects made of metal, wood, glass, plastic or masonry materials such as concrete, bricks, etc. or as castings cured in situ. One-shot and quasi-prepolymer systems are also disclosed. The diamine N,N'-di-(sec-butyl)-4,4'-methylenedianiline is a particularly useful diamine.

Abstract: A method for reinforcing in-place a hollow wooden structural component, in particular a damaged utility pole, by injecting into the internal cavities of the structural component a polyurethane composition which forms, upon curing, a rigid polyurethane having a density of at least 40 lbs/ft.sup.3 and a flexural strength of at least 3,000 psi. The polyurethane composition is produced in situ by continuously metering and blending an isocyanate-containing liquid component and a polyol-containing liquid component.

Abstract: A novel and improved photocurable coating composition is provided which comprises a polyfunctional ethylenically unsaturated cellulosic polymer which is derived from the reaction product of (a) at least one cellulosic polymer having isocyanate reactive hydroxyl functionality, and (b) at least one hydroxyl reactive poly (alpha, beta ethylenically unsaturated) isocyanate.

Abstract: Novel polyurethane formulations especially useful as membranes of the protection of bridge deckings. The polyurethane is prepared by mixing two components, A and B. Component A comprises castor oil modified with a ketone-formaldehyde condensate and also preferably contains an elastomer. Component B is a modified MDI, being a mixture of diphenylmethane diisocyanate and its reaction product with a low molecular weight poly(oxyalkylene).

Abstract: The intumescent compositions according to the invention are reaction mixtures which are obtained on mixing and reacting the following components:(A) specific polyether polyols,(B) specific polyester polyols,(C) specific phosphorus-containing polyols,(D) inert desiccants,(E) dehydratable fillers,(F) other inorganic auxiliaries and fillers,(G) catalysts and(H) polyisocyanates.

Abstract: A method for forming a polyurethane coating on a substrate comprising mixing a liquid polyurethane prepolymer with an isocyanate content of 2.5 to 8.5% with water containing a carbon dioxide binding agent, a water absorbing agent and optionally at least one member of the group consisting of fillers and additives, coating the mixture onto a substrate within the processing time and curing the mixture at room temperature to obtain a polyurethane coating securely attached to the substrate which may be used as a coating for playground and sport areas and for construction sealing.

Abstract: Normally solid, organic solvent-soluble, thermoplastic, polyethylenically-unsaturated, cellulosic polyurethane polymers are provided. These cellulosic polyurethane polymers comprise one or more cellulose ether or ester segments, one or more alkylene moieties having at least two carbon atoms and which can be substituted or interrupted by ether oxygen atoms, ester groups, or phenylene groups, two or more residues of diisocyanates, the segments, moieties, and residues being linked together by linking groups with the proviso that said alkylene moieties contain sufficient ethylenic unsaturation that said polymer can be crosslinked to a solvent-insoluble state.

Abstract: The invention provides for a thixotropic coating composition comprising (1) a binder and (2) a sag control agent which is the reaction product of (a) a symmetrical aliphatic or homocyclic diisocyanate and (b) a monoamine or diamine having at least one primary amino group and ether group, the coating composition containing 0.1 to 30 percent by weight of the sag control agent. The invention also relates to a process for coating a substrate using said coating composition and to the coated substrate thus obtained.

Abstract: A fire retardent for woody materials, which is an aqueous solution comprising 100 parts by weight as solids content of a water-soluble 3-(dialkylphosphonopropionamide) represented by the following general formula ##STR1## wherein each of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and R.sub.3 represents a hyrogen atom or a methyl group, and at least 100 parts by weight as solids of a water-soluble melamine resin as essential ingredients and having a pH of not more than 3.

Abstract: A wax composition for waxing skis comprising a wax matrix having incorporated therein a silicone polymer of relatively low volatility.

Abstract: Disclosed is a curable filler composition which resists absorption into a porous substrate, particularly one derived from wood, comprising: (1) a liquid, ungelled binder of an unsaturated polyester resin having number average molecular weight of from 500 to 3,000 derived from an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or anhydride thereof, the unsaturated polyester resin having been iminated with an alkylenimine, (2) one or more ethylenically unsaturated compounds different from and cocurable with the unsaturated polyester resin, (3) pigment, (4) a free radical initiator, and (5) optionally a carrier solvent for the filler composition.Disclosed is a method of minimizing absorption of a filler composition into a warm or hot porous substrate.Also disclosed is a porous substrate, particularly one derived from wood, having adhered to a substrate thereof the cured filler composition.

Abstract: A solid flexible polymeric material is formed by solidifying a water-based latex which contains an inorganic filler. The filler is sand and this may be stabilized in the latex with xanthan gum. The solid material may be a foamed or non-foamed layer which may be used as integral carpet backing, as carpet underlay, or as an adhesive for bonding a reinforcing fabric to the back of carpeting.

Abstract: Amorphous moisture-curable, silane-substituted polymers having a saturated carbon backbone and a viscosity average molecular weight of between about 500 and about 20,000 provide desirable protection for weatherable substrates upon curing. Also disclosed are coating compositions containing such silane-substituted polymers; a method of protecting weatherable substrates employing such compositions; and composites produced by the method disclosed herein.

Abstract: Cured coatings on substrates especially sheet substrates like paper are produced by electron beam irradiation of curable compositions comprising organic substituted tin silicon, titanium and zirconium compounds in which the organic radicals include crotonate or, especially, acrylate residues. The inclusion of the metal compounds gives coatings which cure rapidly at low electron beam doses to give cured coatings having good solvent and abrasion resistance properties. Coated substrates produced find use in plastic laminates, furniture foils and similar products.

Abstract: A process for protecting marble, stones, tiles, cement and similar materials from the action of atmospheric and polluting agents, by applying a perfluropolyether to the surface of the manufactured article, characterized by using a perfluoropolyether having at one or at both ends functional groups capable of acting as anchoring agents for the substrate.

Abstract: Methods for impregnating the pores of at least partially dried wood with a phosphorus nitride, particularly P.sub.3 N.sub.5, to provide flame resistance are described. Preferably liquid slurries of the phosphorus nitride are impregnated into the exposed pores of the wood using pressure or preferably a partial vacuum in a confined space which removes air from the pores and allows the slurry to impregnate the wood. The liquid is then removed from the wood.

Abstract: A polyurethane-based reactive mass composed of(a) at least one organic compound in the molecular weight range of from 400 to 12000 containing isocyanate reactive groups and having a functionality from 2 to 8,(b) optionally an organic compound in the molecular weight range of from 62 to 399 containing isocyanate reactive groups and having a functionality from 2 to 8.(c) catalysts,(d) aliphatic isocyanate compounds and(e) optionally other auxiliary agents and additives known per se,characterized in that the aliphatic isocyanate compound used is one based on hexamethylene diisocyanate, hydrogenated diphenylmethane diisocyanate or isophorone diisocyanate containing isocyanurate and/or uretdione units and/or urethane and/or uretoneimine and/or oxadiazatrione groups is suitable for the production of lightfast coatings, including coatings in light colors, in particular for the formation of edgings round wooden panels without these panels having first to be dried down to the maximum dampness of 7% by weight.

Abstract: Organometallic compounds and compositions comprising a metal, an amido carboxyl moiety bonded to the metal, and active moiety bonded to the metal, and at least one modifier moiety sufficient to satisfy the valency of the metal. These compounds and compositions are capable of combining the substantivity of the amido carboxyl metal system, functional efficacy of an active moiety, and film-forming properties in a single compound or composition.

Abstract: A method for artificially ageing wood in which the surface of the wood is subjected to the action of at least one jet of high velocity, high temperature gas, whereby the surface of the wood is scorched, and wherein a lacquer is subsequently applied to the treated surface.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a conductive polymeric coating having a charge density of greater than about two which, after being applied to a nonconductive substrate, allows overcoating of that substrate by electrostatic spraying. Exemplary of the conductive polymeric coatings useful herein are those based upon quaternized homopolymers or copolymers of dimethyldiallylamine.

Abstract: Wood that is especially suited for the manufacture of resonating bodies, is improved according to a process in which small amounts of reactive components of thermosetting polymers are introduced into the wood shortly before or during a heat treatment under pressure.

Abstract: An aliphatic isocyanate (such as the biuret of 1,6-diisocyanatohexane) is combined with a tertiary amine polyahl (such as a tertiary amine polyol) and coated onto a substrate. The coated substrate is then exposed to the vapor of a urethane catalyst for curing to a tack-free state. This process permits the preparation of coatings which will cure rapidly and which are light stable. These coatings have utility in the field of automotive topcoats.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for protecting the surface of various kinds of shaped articles made of an organic polymeric material such as rubbers, leathers, woods, plastics and the like against weathering caused by exposure to ultraviolet light, ozone, moisture, etc. The method comprises providing the surface with a coating layer of a specific organopolysiloxane composed of difunctional, tetrafunctional and nonofunctional siloxane units in a limited molar proportion of 50-85%, 10-30% and 5-20%, respectively.

Abstract: The polyurea resulting from curing polyfunctional isocyanates having at least three groups with a N,N'-dialkylmethylenedianiline are broadly useful as coatings on the surface of objects made of metal, wood, glass, or plastic. Such coatings may be made based on either a 1-pack system or 2-pack system. The diamine N,N'-di(2-butyl)4,4'-methylenedianiline is a particularly useful diamine. Biurets are an especially desirable class of polyisocyanates for the polyureas of this invention.

Abstract: A prepaint sealer and process for treating hardboard and similar board fabricated from cellulosic fibers or chips wherein the sealer comprising a thermoplastic or thermosetting vinylidene chloride latex is applied to the surface of the formed hardboard prior to the application of one or more coatings in the nature of a primer or top finish coat.

Abstract: A rigid packaging material having a coating of heat-sealable, anti-static plastic. A fiberboard sheet substrate is coated with a lamina of polyethylene made electrostatic-free by the addition of an organic anti-static compound. When skin-packaged with a film of heat sealable, anti-static plastic material, a static-sensitive item is completely enclosed by a static-free barrier package.

Abstract: The present invention relates to aqueous solutions or dispersions of polyisocyanate addition products, which contain a quantity of incorporated sulphonate and/or carboxylate groups and optionally ethylene oxide units, --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O--, incorporated in a polyether chain to guarantee the solubility or dispersibility thereof in water, the content of sulphonate and/or carboxylate groups being about 2 to 300 milliequivalents per 100 g of solids and the content of the aforementioned ethylene oxide units being up to about 25% by weight, based on solids, characterized in that the polyisocyanate addition products have segments incorporated in the polymer chain which correspond to the following general formula: ##STR1## in an amount of about 0.1 to 20% by weight based on the above formulas, but excluding the weight of R.

Abstract: A conductive pretreatment solution is disclosed which renders dried wood electrostatically coatable through several coatings while minimizing contamination of the topcoat. The pretreatment solution comprises a volatile liquid carrier selected from water and organic solvents, the carrier having dissolved therein, per 100 parts by volume of total solution, (1) from 0.2 to 3 parts by volume of an organic quaternary ammonium compound having a molecular weight below about 1000, (2) from 0.2 to 10 parts by volume of a low volatile liquid polyol having a molecular weight below about 400, and (3) from 0.1 to 3 parts by weight of an inorganic ionizable salt having a capacity to absorb moisture, especially chlorides of a cation selected from the group consisting of ammonium, magnesium and calcium.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for rendering non-thermoplastic fibers and fibrous compositions flame resistant when contacted with a hot molten material, that involves the application thereto of a flame retardant composition incorporating a water-insoluble, non-phosphorous, solid, particulate mixture of brominated organic compound and a metal oxide or a metal oxide and metal hydrate.