Abstract: A method of forming a polymer-reinforced paper which includes preparing an aqueous suspension of fibers, at least about 50 percent, by dry weight, of which are cellulosic fibers; distributing the suspension on a forming wire; removing water from the distributed suspension to form a paper; and treating the paper thus formed with a polymer-reinforcing medium which contains a bulking agent to give the polymer-reinforced paper. The treatment of the paper is adapted to provide in the polymer-reinforced paper from about 15 to about 70 percent, by weight, of bulking agent, based on the dry weight of the cellulosic fibers in the paper. Alternatively, the bulking agent can be added to a polymer-reinforced paper after it has been formed. In certain embodiments, the bulking agent is a polyhydric alcohol. In other embodiments, the bulking agent is a polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight in the range of from about 100 to about 1,500.

Abstract: The present invention relates to melamine-formaldehyde resins comprising a guanamine, to processes for their preparation and to their use for the production of melamine resin films and edgings.

Abstract: A packaging laminate comprising a rigid, but foldable paper or paperboard layer which has, at least on its one side, an outer film or coating of a water-insoluble polysaccharide compound which imparts to the packaging laminate tightness properties against liquid and water vapor and good sealing properties. Preferably, the other side of the core layer also has an outer film or coating of said polysaccharide compound. The polysaccharide compound in the two outer films or coatings contains a first water-soluble polysaccharide of polyanionic character and a second water-soluble polysaccharide of polycationic character, these being chemically or otherwise bonded to one another to form the water-insoluble polysaccharide compound. One preferred such polysaccharide compound may, for example, consist of a chemical compound or a chemical complex of chitosan and agar.

Abstract: Recyclable and compostable coated paper stock comprising a substrate coated on at least one surface with a primer coat and a top coat both of which are water based dispersions. The primer coat comprises a water based dispersion of a polymer selected from the group comprising acrylic polymers, acrylic copolymers, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, poly-ethylene vinyl acetate, poly-ethylene vinyl chloride, styrene butadiene copolymers, polyvinylidiene chloride or starch. The top coat comprises a water based dispersion of a polymer selected from the group comprising acrylic polymers, acrylic copolymers, styrene butadiene copolymers or polyvinylidiene chloride. In another embodiment the top coat further includes a wax component comprising 15-90 wt. % of the polymer and 5-85 wt. % of the wax. The substrate is coated with a primer coat prior to the application of the top coat to seal the substrate surface.

Abstract: An improved thermal ink jet recording paper, incorporating heat aged precipitated calcium carbonate ("PCC") and a binder, is disclosed. Heat aging the PCC in the presence of an organophosphonate produces discrete particles of PCC with a surface morphology and chemistry that enhances the ability of the PCC to bind to ink jet ink without binding so strongly that the color of the ink is changed. Ink jet recording papers incorporating the PCC and binders of the present invention have reduced feathering, spreading, and penetration or backside showthrough, as well as improved optical density, dry time, and water fastness.

Abstract: New and useful methods of producing stabilized enzyme antibody conjugates are disclosed which are particularly useful in forming multi-layer immunoassay test devices. In particular, the invention concerns the formation of a manganese ion and enzyme-antibody conjugate in aqueous solution and drying the solution to produce a dry stabilized enzyme-antibody conjugate. Further, this stabilized enzyme-antibody conjugate can be formed on a continuous web and dried in a heat tunnel. This continuous manufacturing process allows for the more efficient production of multi-layer test strips.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an inhibitor package that allows for low temperature cure in thermal solventless paper release products while at the same time maintaining reasonable bulk and thin film bath lives.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of making thermoplastic resin-coated paper which comprises coating a paper sheet with a liquid thermoplastic resin, passing the thermoplastic resin-coated paper sheet through a nip of a pressure roll and a thermally conductive medium to form a resin-medium interface, heating the interface to a temperature of from 35.degree. C. to 350.degree. C. for a nip time period of from 0.002 to 10 seconds and a pressure of from 17,500 to 1,750,000 Pa-m, cooling the interface to a temperature of -73.degree. to 32.degree. C. for a cooling time period of from 0.001 to 100 seconds, and separating the thermoplastic resin-coated paper from the medium.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel method of rendering a wallboard water-repellent comprising applying to the wallboard a water-repellent composition comprising a hydrogen siloxane component and a high molecular weight silicone.

Abstract: A multi-ply structure which includes a release coating sandwiched between two plies of the structure and present in an amount of about 5 to about 25 g/sq yd., one of the plies of the structure being flexible and in contact with the release coating and removable therefrom by the application of a force of between about 90 to about 600 g/in., as determined by the Keil test procedure, including a composition for forming the release coating and comprising an aqueous coating composition which includes a solids portion and which is effective in forming a coating having release properties, the solids portion of the composition comprising a major amount of resin binder and a minor amount of filler, the filler comprising a major amount of clay and a minor amount of magnesium or calcium hydroxide, and including also a continuous process for forming such multi-ply structure, including particularly a structure comprising a poly(vinyl chloride) ply strippable from a support ply.

Abstract: A sampler for delivery of microencapsulated liquid fragrance material is provided that comprises at least one treated paper sheet defining an enclosed cavity. The paper sheet is at least partially treated with a volatile containment treatment, wherein the volatile liquid containment treatment is water-stable and organic liquid capsule fill-stable. The enclosed cavity is substantially completely defined by treated portion(s) of the sheet. Microcapsules comprising microencapsulated organic liquid capsule fill are disposed within the cavity.

Abstract: This invention discloses a process for preparing a latex which is particularly beneficial for utilization in manufacturing high performance masking tape, which comprises the seqential steps of (1) terpolymerizing a vinyl aromatic monomer, an alkyl acrylate monomer, and an alkyl propenoic acid monomer in an aqueous polymerization medium by free radical polymerization to produce a seed polymer latex; (2) neutralizing the seed polymer latex to a pH of about 6 to about 9 by the addition of an alkali; (3) adding additional vinyl aromatic monomer and alkyl acrylate monomer to the neutralized seed polymer latex; and (4) allowing the additional vinyl aromatic monomer and alkyl acrylate monomer to polymerize in a second polymerization step to a solids content of about 30% to about 50% to produce the latex which is particularly beneficial for utilization in manufacturing high performance masking tape.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for strengthening and sizing paper which comprises the step of applying a composition comprising (a) an isocyanate and (b) an isocyanate-reactive component comprising at least one polyol having an ethylene oxide content of at least 1%, wherein said composition does not contain water to the paper by means of an electrostatic spraying device having a linear orifice.

Abstract: Hot melt polymer/fatty acid compositions are described that render fibrous products such as paper, paperboard and corrugated paper containers water-resistant at room temperature, but enable such articles to be repulped and recycled when the coated articles are repulped in a heated nearly neutral to alkaline pH aqueous medium.

Abstract: A composite integral sheet of wrap material which includes a first layer of absorbent material containing fibers bearing foraminous hydrophobic water-vapor-permeable pellicles, a second layer of printable material and an impermeable pigmented polymer layer interposed between the first and second layers. Additionally, the absorbent layer will include highly absorbent material formed by in-situ crosslinking of a partially pre-neutralized polyacrylic acid. The composite wrap material has a plurality of air pockets formed between at least one of the first or second layers and the polymer layer, by discontinuously bonding the first or second layers to the polymer material. A method of making the composite integral sheet.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for forming a laminate and the laminate using silicone release coating compositions comprising (A) a mixture of (i) a dimethylsiloxane-methylvinylsiloxane-methylphenylsiloxane copolymer and (ii) a dimethylsiloxane-methylvinylsiloxane copolymer, (B) an organohydrogenpolysiloxane, (C) a platinum catalyst, and (D) an organic solvent. The silicone release coating compositions of the present invention provide small release resistance values both at low and high peeling velocities and do not impair the residual adhesion of tacky substances that have come into contact with the coating.

Abstract: A flowable uncured adhesive elastomeric composition suitable for delivery to assembly sites by pumping through supply lines is provided, which has a tensile strength suitable for formation of a strong bond, comprising: (a) an elastomer having a viscosity higher than flowable; (b) a synthetic resin curable by the same cure system as said non-flowable elastomer in an amount sufficient to lower the viscosity of the mixture to a pumpable level; (c) an unsaturated polymeric adduct of a dicarboxylic acid or dicarboxylic acid derivative in an amount sufficient to provide adhesive properties to the mixture; and (d) a curing agent. Preferably the composition also comprises a crosslink-enhancing coagent in an amount sufficient to lower percent elongation and increase adhesive bond strength of the cured elastomer. The compositions are useful for bonding substrates such as other elastomers, metals, plastics, glass, fibers, paper and fabrics.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an inhibitor package that allows for low temperature cure in thermal solventless paper release products while at the same time maintaining reasonable bulk and thin film bath lives.

Abstract: A method for treating paper which comprises applying to the surface of the paper an aqueous medium containing a sizing composition consisting essentially of 75 to 99.9 wt % polyvinyl alcohol which is at least 95 mole % hydrolyzed and 0.1 to 25 wt % ketene dimer represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R and R.sup.1 are the same or different hydrocarbyl groups having 8-30 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Process for restrengthening damaged paper, in which the aged, acid-damaged friable paper is treated with a solution containing isocyanate or with isocyanate vapour. Isocyanates having two or more isocyanate groups are preferably used.

Abstract: A non-skid surface composition for paper and paperboard products which is easy to apply and to clean up, which is noncorrosive and nontoxic, and which increases the coefficient of friction on the surfaces of products coated with the composition is provided. The composition does not interfere with the ability to recycle the paper to which it has been coated. The non-skid surface composition is applied as an aqueous suspension of colloidal silica or alumina with glycerine to the surfaces of a paper product.

Abstract: A stand alone printing system (10) for coating a first face of sheets on which printing may be printed previously by a printer not associated with the system includes a feeding mechanism (14), a driven application roller (76) for transferring coating material disposed on the peripheral surface (77) to the first face; a metering device (78) for transferring a uniform thickness of coating material to the peripheral surface of the application roller; a driven impression roller (85) which contacts a second face of the sheets and which contacts the peripheral surface of the application roller at least at gaps disposed between the sheets during feeding of the sheets along the coating zone which transfers the coating material to the peripheral surface (86) of the impression roller; and a coating material removing mechanism (116) for removing coating material from the peripheral surface of the impression roller prior to rotation of the peripheral surface of the impression roller to a point of contact with the second

Abstract: A latex comprises a colloidal suspension in water of essentially non-crystalline particles of a polymer or copolymer or .beta.-hydroxyalkanoates, for example .beta.-hydroxybutyrate and .beta.-hydroxyvalerate; the latex may be employed to produce self-supporting filfms or papers which are biodegradable and also readily recyclable.

Abstract: A biodegradable composite laminate for the manufacture of packaging containers is provided. The composite laminate comprises a straight-chain, biodegradable 3-hydroxybutyric acid 3-hydroxyvaleric acid copolyester in a thin film which has been laminated on at least one surface of a sheet-like substrate.A polymeric blend of a poly-.epsilon.-caprolactone with the straight-chain copolyester may be employed in the place of the straight-chain copolyester alone.The method for the manufacture thereof is also provided.

Abstract: An aqueous water repellent composition comprising the reaction product of one or more of a carboxylic acid or anhydride containing from 3 to 22 carbon atoms and a polyfunctional aromatic or aliphatic amine or substituted amine containing from 2 to 25 carbon atoms and a water soluble metal complex crosslinking agent containing one or more metals selected from Groups Ia, IIa, IIla, IVa and the first and second rows of transition metals from the Periodic Table of Elements. The composition may contain wax and is dispersed in water to form a water repellent system.

Abstract: A multi-purpose resin synthesized from a mixture of a protein and a carbohydrate by ammoniation instead of hydrolysis is described. Any primary product of photosynthesis (glucose, starch or lignocellulose) is qualified for use as the carbohydrate component of the resin, which is an expedient, low-cost and benign substitute for conventional thermosetting resins in the manufacture of numerous industrial products.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel method of rendering a wallboard water-repellent comprising applying to the wallboard a water-repellent composition comprising a hydrogen siloxane component and a high molecular weight silicone.

Abstract: A method and article of manufacture thereof is provided for reducing brightness reversion in bleached lignin-containing pulps or newsprint by the treatment of the bleached lignin-containing pulp or newsprint with 2,5-dihydroxydioxane. In one embodiment, calcium carbonate is added to enhance the activity of 2,5-dihydroxydioxane.

Abstract: A paper product treated with a degradation product of a polysaccharide derivative comprising a mixture of oligomers of the polysaccharide derivative, a majority of said oligomers having a degree of polymerization such that the oligomer conforms to a rod-like configuration.

Abstract: Coating and impregnation of bases.The invention relates to a composition for impregnating a base, more particularly a paper or textile base, said composition being intended to provide said base with barriers, especially at least hydrophobic barriers, and including glyoxal, the composition also being intended to provide oleophobic and solvanophobic properties simultaneously and comprising the following, by weight of dry product relative to the base:at least 0.03% of glyoxal,at least 0.01% of a dimeric alkylketen andat least 0.002% of a fluorinated salt selected from the family of the diethanolamine salts of perfluoroalkyl ethyl phosphates.Composition for rendering a paper or textile base hydrophobic, oleophobic and solvanophobic.

Abstract: A casing for a meat product is prepared by impregnating and filling meshes of a breathable fibrous food casing sheet with a polysaccharide and then drying the sheet.

Abstract: A method for sizing paper to improve resistance to wetting by liquids under hard water conditions is provided. The method comprises (a) contacting paper sheet material with a hydrocarbon surfactant free, substantially organic solvent free aqueous solution of an N-alkyl fluoroaliphaticsulfonamidoalkyl phosphate salt in hard water, said phosphate salt forming substantially no precipitate and (b) drying said sheet material or (a) adding to a paper pulp slurry in hard water, a hydrocarbon surfactant free, substantially organic solvent free aqueous solution of an N-alkyl fluoroaliphaticsulfonamidoalkyl phosphate salt, said phosphate salt forming substantially no precipitate, (b) forming said slurry into paper and (c) drying said paper.

Abstract: Abstract of the Disclosure: Copolymers of (a) C.sub.12 - to C.sub.24 -monoolefins and (b) maleic anhydride or itaconic anhydride, having molecular weights of from 800 to 100,000 g/mol, in the form of partially or completely neutralized semiamides with morpholine, in aqueous solution or dispersion, can be used as sizes for paper.

Abstract: This invention relates to an article comprising:(A) a polymer fabric treated with (B) a wetting agent which comprises at least one compound of the formula ##STR1##wherein R.sub.1 is a hydrocarbyl group having about 8 to about 150 carbon atoms; R.sub.2 is a hydrocarbylene group, or a hydroxy substituted or hydroxyalkyl substituted hydrocarbylene; each R.sub.3 is independently hydrogen, an alkyl group, a hydroxyalkyl group, a hydrocarbylcarbonyl or a polyoxyalkylene group; each R.sub.4 is independently a hydrocarbylene group; each n is independently 1 to 150; m is zero or one; m' is zero or one; M is a hydrogen, an ammonium cation or a metal cation, andwhen m' is zero, X is --H, --Ar, --OH, --OR.sub.5, ##STR2## when m' is one, X is --H, --R.sub.5, ##STR3##wherein each R.sub.5, R.sub.6 and R.sub.8 is independently a hydrocarbyl group having up to 100 carbon atoms; R.sub.7 is hydrogen or an alkyl group having from 1 to about 8 carbon atoms and Ar is a phenyl group.

Abstract: A process for treating paper to prevent discoloration when exposed to light which comprises adding 1% to 10% by weight of hypophosphorous acid or its salt based on the paper at any stage during or after paper making and maintaining said hypophosphorous acid or its salt therein. The invention also provides paper which contains hypophosphorous acid or its salt to prevent discoloration when exposed to light.

Abstract: A paper sheet or paperboard, such as boxboard, cardboard and the like has one surface coated with a surfactant to prevent, or at least retard the penetration of moisture through the thickness of the paperboard to the other surface thereof. A method of making a paper sheet or paperboard which has an improved resistance to or retards the penetration of moisture through the thickness of the paperboard comprises the sequential steps of applying a thin coating of a surfactant to one surface of the paperboard, and immediately drying the coated surfactant on the paperboard.

Abstract: Method and process using a supercritical fluid, with or without the aid of entrainers 1) to solubilize a monomer, monomer mixture or polymer which may or may not include additives and entrainers, 2) to carry the supercritical solvent mixture thereby created into the wood matrix, 3) to remove extractives from the wood, 4) to precipitate the monomer or polymer within the wood, and 5) to polymerize the monomer in situ in the wood.

Abstract: Barrier coatings are disclosed to reduce the migration of contaminants from paperboard into food products packaged in containers prepared from the paperboard. The barrier coatings operate to either absorb the contaminants or provide a tortuous path to their migration from the paperboard particularly at the high temperatures reached during the cooking of the food products in microwave ovens.

Abstract: The invention provides a nonenzymatic method useful for the semiquantitative determination of glucose, a test composition and test device. Glucose concentration in an aqueous test sample can be determined by preparing a test solution by contacting an aqueous test sample and a dihydroxide component, at an initial pH above 6.5, capable of forming a complex with glucose which complex formation releases a proton, and determining the final pH of the test solution. The invention also provides a self-indicating device format which allows the determination of glucose concentration by merely counting the number of pads which have changed color. No comparison to a color chart is required. The glucose test of the present invention is free of the interferences found in enzymatic glucose tests.

Abstract: A process for dispersing particles of an organic commpound in water is disclosed, which comprises dispersing the organic compound in water using (1) a water-soluble high molecular weight compound having a molecular weight of at least 10,000 and (2) a copolymer formed from a monomer represented by the following formula (I) and a monomer represented by the following formula (II), said copolymer having a molecular weight of not more than 10,000: ##STR1## wherein M.sub.1 and M.sub.2 each represents an alkali metal atom or an ammonium group; R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or an ethyl group; and R.sub.2 represents an alkyl group having from 2 to 18 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A process for strengthening the cellulose in materials which have been treated with an alkaline organometallic compound selected from a metal alkyl, metal alkoxide or alkyl metal alkoxide to deacidify the cellulose and which cellulosic material is wet with treatment solvent, by treating the undried cellulosic material with a polar monomer and then drying the cellulose material and polymerizing the monomer by subjecting the treated cellulose to vacuum and heat.

Abstract: Rapidly immobilizing paper coating compositions may be prepared by formulating an aqueous coating composition comprising a cationic starch, pigment and sufficient base to obtain a pH above the pK of the starch derivative so that the starch is no longer cationic; coating the paper substrate; and lowering the pH of the coating such that the starch becomes cationic.

Abstract: Cast-coated papers having high surface gloss, smoothness and high surface strength are produced by applying an aqueous pigment coating onto the surface of a base paper, drying the applied pigment coating to form a cast-coated layer, rewetting the pigment coating layer with a rewetting solution, pressing the rewetted pigment coating layer into contact with a heated, highly polished drum to impart a high gloss surface, the rewetting solution containing a dispersant and/or a release agent as its main components and having its pH adjusted to be between 2 and 4 by incorporation of at least one carboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of formic acid, acetic acid, tartatic acid, citric acid, lactic acid, succinic acid, malic acid and benzoic acid.

Abstract: A method is described for continuously producing a smooth, high gloss coating on a paper container comprising the steps of applying a substantially uniform coating of melted wax material to the outside surface of the container or sheet stock, maintaining the temperature of the wax coating above its melting point and above its congealing temperature, imparting a constant surface velocity to the outside surface of the container or sheet stock and applying a substantially uniform film of liquid coolant, particularly water, to the outside surface of the container or sheet stock whereby the surface velocity of the coolant is substantially equal to the surface velocity of the container or sheet stock.

Abstract: An overprint aqueous varnish has improved properties by having incorporated therein a small amount of an aqueous mixture of a finely divided hydrocarbon and certain high molecular weight oxyalkylated primary alcohols.

Abstract: When a paper web is coated on paper machine the surface temperature is controlled at or below a temperature determined by an equation (1) given below, in order to obtain a coated paper having an evenly coated layer. ##EQU1## where T: surface temperature of the paper web (.degree.C.)m: wet value of the paper web (g by weight)v: viscosity of the coating composition (cps)x: x=40 or 35 with 35 being the preferred form of the equation.

Abstract: A thermal transfer meltable color layer receives a protective polymer coating on the side thereof, to be contacted with the thermal printing head to hold the meltable color material away from the printing head, thereby forming a thermal printing ribbon without the need for a support foil.

Abstract: Method and process using a supercritical fluid, with or without the aid of entrainers (1) to solubilize a monomer, monomer mixture or polymer which may or may not include additives and entrainers, (2) to carry the supercritical solvent mixture thereby created into the wood matrix, (3) to remove extractives from the wood, (4) to precipitate the monomer or polymer within the wood, and (5) to polymerize the monomer in situ in the wood.

Abstract: Superiority in retained slide angle of antiskid paper is achieved by spraying the paper with a composition of matter consisting essentially of an acrylamide, glycerine, balance antiskid aqueous silica sol.

Abstract: A composition comprising a silane, siloxane or combination thereof, a catalyst and an ultraviolet radiation absorber. The composition is applied to the surfaces of carbon central structures to diminish the harmful effects thereon of water and ultraviolet radiation. Some examples of carbon central structures as defined herein are fences, decks, awnings, seat covers, umbrellas, carpeting and furniture. The composition is applied to the surface to be treated and allowed a sufficient time in order to penetrate.