Abstract: A method for obtaining a cured multi-layer coating with good intercoat adhesion, comprising the steps of:a) applying to a substrate a first powder coating composition comprisingi) a polyester resin having a carboxyl functionality of less than two,ii) a crosslinker reactive toward the carboxyl groups of the polyester resin selected from the group consisting of epoxy-functional compounds,wherein the ratio of epoxy groups of the crosslinker to the carboxyl groups of the polyester is between 1.05:1 and 1.9:1,b) applying to the first coating layer at least one additional coating composition comprising a clearcoat includingi) a hydroxyl functional acrylic resin andii) a crosslinker reactive toward the hydroxyl groups on the acrylic resin,c) curing the coating compositions together or sequentially.

Abstract: A description is given of a process for preparing a multilayer coating on a substrate surface, in which(A) an aqueous coating composition (ii) containing as film-forming agent an aqueous polymer dispersion is applied as basecoat (II) to a substrate surface coated with an aqueous basecoat (i),(B) the composition applied in step (A) is subjected to partial drying,(C) an appropriate transparent topcoat composition is applied to the basecoat (II) thus obtained, and(D) the basecoats (I) and (II) are baked together with the topcoat,wherein the basecoat composition (II) contains an aqueous polymer dispersion comprising(x) an acrylate polymer based on from 30 to 60% by weight of C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl (meth)acrylate monomers, from 30 to 60% by weight of vinyl-aromatic monomers and from 0.5 to 10% by weight of (meth)acrylic acid, and(y) a thickener, which does not have an associative effect, containing an acrylate copolymer based on (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)-alkyl (meth)acrylate and (meth)acrylic acid.

Abstract: A process for making a light-reflective bicycle frame and a light-reflective bicycle frame made therefrom are provided. The process includes: preparing a bicycle frame, providing a transparent adhesive layer on the bicycle frame, spreading uniformly light-reflective particles on the transparent adhesive layer to form a light-reflective particle layer which is substantially free of any superimposed or overlapping particles, and providing a transparent protective layer on the light-reflective particle layer.

Abstract: The invention provides composite color-plus-clear coatings having improved appearance, especially with respect to wrinkling, and to methods and compositions for providing such coatings. The method of the invention utilizes a second coating composition comprising (A) a film forming component comprising (a) a first component comprising a compound having appended thereto at least one carbamate or urea functional group, or a group convertible to a carbamate or urea group, and (b) a second component comprising a compound reactive with said carbamate or urea groups on component (a), (B) a cyclic anhydride, and (C) a catalyst.

Abstract: Electrical conductor coated with a corona-resistant, multilayer insulation system comprising first, second, and third insulation layers. The first insulation layer is disposed peripherally around the electrical conductor, the second layer is disposed peripherally around the first layer, and the third layer is disposed peripherally around the second layer. The second layer is sandwiched between the first and second layers and comprises 10 to 50 parts by weight of alumina particles dispersed in 100 parts by weight of a polymeric binder.

Abstract: A method for producing a water dispersible resin composition, comprising radically polymerizing, in the presence of a polymerization initiator, a starting mixture comprising (a) 10 to 95% by weight of a water insoluble resin having a solubility in water of not more than 1; and (b) 5 to 90% by weight of a monomer mixture which comprises (1) 2 to 75% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an acid group, and (2) 25 to 98% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer other than (1); and neutralizing the resulting resin composition containing an acid group by adding a neutralizing agent. A coating composition is provided which is stable and excellent in coating workability and has improved storage stability and solid components content of the coating composition. Since particles excellent in dispersibility improve the uniformity of a coated film, transparency, smoothness, chemical resistance, water resistance and mechanical strength of the coated film are also improved.

Abstract: The present invention provides:(1) a one-packed epoxy resin composition comprising(A) an epoxy resin having two or more epoxy groups in its molecule and a number average molecular weight of 250 to 4,500,(B) a ketimine compound,(C) a dehydrating agent, and(D) at least one modified epoxy resin (d-1) selected among urethane-modified epoxy resins, amine-modified epoxy resins and dimer-modified epoxy resins and/or a resin (d-2) which has a softening point of 60.degree. C. or above and is at least one member selected among xylene resins, ketone resins, coumarone resins and petroleum resins;(2) a one-packed anticorrosive paint composition comprising the above one-packed epoxy resin composition and (E) a zinc dust in such an amount as to be present in a proportion of 20 to 95 wt.

Abstract: The curable coating composition of the invention comprises a film forming component (A) and a wrinkle reducing catalyst (B) comprising a compound of the formula:M.sub.y (L).sub.xwherein M is a metal having an empty or full d orbital and wherein the pk.sub.a of the aqua ion of M is less than or equal to 12; L is a ligand wherein the pk.sub.a of the parent acid is .gtoreq.-10 and is .ltoreq.4; and x is an integer which is a multiple of the charge of M, y is an interger which is a multiple of the charge of L, x and y selected so that ML is charge balanced. Film forming component (A) has first component (a) with a compound having appended thereto at least one carbamate or urea functional group, or a group convertible to a carbamate or urea group, and a second component (b) with a compound reactive with said carbamate or urea groups on component (a).

Abstract: Emulsions comprising a water insoluble or semi-soluble silane or mixtures of such silanes have been found useful when used alone or formulated into aqueous primer systems to improve the adhesion of sealants, adhesives or coatings to a variety of substrates. These aqueous primers are suitable for both inorganic and organic substrates having either porous or non-porous surfaces. In many cases they have been found to outperform solvent based primers. Primers of this type can be used with a variety of waterborne or solvent based sealants, adhesives or coatings including acrylic or polyurethane latexes, high solid polyurethanes, epoxies and silicones. When used with waterborne systems, it is not necessary to wait for the primer to dry before application of the sealant, adhesive or coating.

Abstract: Aluminum alloy sheet is provided with a primer layer comprising a reaction product of aluminum oxide or hydroxide and a vinylphosphonic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, coated with a polymer coating composition containing polyvinyl chloride or an epoxy. The polymer coated aluminum alloy sheet is shaped into container bodies for food containers or container end panels for aluminum food and beverage containers.

Abstract: Aminourethane hardeners, suitable for aqueous epoxide-based coating media, otainable by the reaction ofA) aminourethanes which are obtainable by the reaction ofa) compounds comprising at least one cyclic carbonate group, andb) amines comprising at least one primary amino group wherein the ratio of the number of carbonate groups to that of amino groups is 1:10 to 1:1.1, withB) water-thinnable epoxide compounds, obtainable fromc) polyalkylene polyethers comprising a primary and/or secondary .alpha.-amino group and an .omega.-alkyl ether or aryl ether group and/or polyatkylene polyethers comprising two primary and/or secondary .alpha.,.omega.

Abstract: Novel polymeric compounds having pendent fluoroaliphatic groups, pendent organic-solubilizing groups, and pendent groups capable of reacting with an epoxy silane; which have been reacted with an epoxy silane have been discovered. These compounds are easy to apply, abrasion and impact resistant, and provide durable, low surface energy, streak reducing surfaces on coating dies, edge guides, and other coating and fluid contacting surfaces.

Abstract: A thermosetting composition which comprises (A) an epoxy group-containing modified polyester polymer comprising a structural moiety of (a) a carboxyl group-containing polyester resin having a number average molecular weight of 1,500 to 50,000 and a resin acid value of 2 to 30 mgKOH/g and a structural moiety of a polymer of (b) an epoxy group-containing vinyl monomer, the carboxyl groups and a part of the epoxy groups being bonded in an equivalent ratio of the carboxyl groups in the component (a) to the epoxy groups in the polymer of the component (b) of 0.1 or less, and having an epoxy equivalent weight of 200 to 2,000 g/mol, and (B) a compound having two or more functional groups which are blocked by a vinyl ether, vinyl thioether or heterocyclic group carrying oxygen or sulfur as the heteroatom and having a double bond of the vinyl type.

Abstract: A method is described for the coating of substrates by the application of a liquid coating compound and subsequent curing, which is characterised in that there are added to the coating compound one or more polybutenes (C4-polyolefins) with a molecular weight of 200 to below 500, in a quantitative proportion of 0.5 to 10 wt. %, referred to the solids content of the coating compound, in order to improve the flow properties. The liquid coating compounds are also described.

Abstract: High-tensile steel, particularly automotive coil springs formed of high-tensile steel, are coated first with an epoxy coating powder containing high levels of zinc and then with a poly(ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer) coating powder. Both coatings are applied and fused or fused and cured at temperatures of 325.degree. F. or below so as not to affect the metallurgic properties of the steel. The dual-coating protects the steel from pitting and corrosion.

Abstract: A method of applying a color-plus-clear composite coating to a substrate is provided comprising: applying to the substrate a colored film-forming composition to form a base coat and applying to the base coat a clear film-forming composition to form a transparent top coat over the base coat. Prior to application to the base coat, the clear film-forming composition is heated to a temperature and for a time sufficient to lower its viscosity such that the composition can be atomized and applied as a smooth continuous film. At a temperature of 20-25.degree. C., the clear film-forming composition has a high viscosity such that it cannot be atomized and applied as a smooth continuous film.

Abstract: A curable coating composition is described comprising a carbamate functional material and a crosslinking agent, reactive with the carbamate group. The composition further comprises a third component that is a mixture of catalysts including a phosphorus containing acid or acid derivative and other acid catalysts. Coatings prepared with this coating composition can be cured and coated with additional coating(s), providing good intercoat adhesion to the subsequent coating.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for providing a low bake repair to a cured coating, especially a composite coating and low bake repair compositions for use therein. The method of the invention involves the provision of a cured coated surface and the application of a low bake repair coating to at least a portion of the cured coated surface. The low bake repair coating of the invention has (A) a film forming component comprising (a) a first component comprising a compound having appended thereto at least one carbamate or urea functional group, or a group convertible to a carbamate or urea group, and (b) a second component comprising a compound reactive with said carbamate or urea groups on component (a), and (B) a catalyst comprising a compound selected from the group consisting of Al(ClO.sub.4).sub.2, Zr(ClO.sub.4).sub.2, and Al(NO.sub.3).sub.2. The low bake repair coating is cured at a temperature of less than 200.degree. F. for a time sufficient to cure the low bake repair coating.

Abstract: A crosslinkable composition for coating primed and unprimed substrates comprising from 10 to 80 percent by weight of a hydroxy functional polydiene polymer having a functionality of at least 1.3, 8 to 60 percent by weight of an amino resin crosslinking agent, and 2 to 40 percent by weight of a reinforcing agent. The invention also encompasses a process to make such compositions by partially reacting the three components for 0.5 to 10 hours at 60 to 120.degree. C., optionally in the presence of a small amount of catalyst, to give phase stable compositions and subsequently completely crosslinking the composition by baking the composition on a substrate.

Abstract: A release coating composition and a method of forming a release coating on a bakeware substrate using the coating composition is provided. The release coating composition includes (i) an acrylic resin, (ii) an epoxy resin, and (iii) a silicone release agent. The release coating composition can be formed in two parts, a base coat composition and a top coat composition. The base coat composition may include an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, a color additive and appropriate solvents. The top coat composition may include an acrylic resin, an epoxy resin, a silicone release agent, a silicone resin and appropriate solvents. Each of the parts can be separately applied to the bakeware substrate and heated to form a release coating. In some cases, the top coat composition alone may only be applied if fabrication of the coated substrate will not be severe.

Abstract: A method of coating a pipe comprising the steps of: rotating a pipe to be coated about its longitudinal axis, and applying a coating to the pipe from a dispensing head movable parallel to the axis of rotation of the pipe.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for painting a substrate which comprises:(a) priming the substrate with a primer selected from the group consisting of epoxy resin primers and polyester resin primers,(b) applying to the primed substrate a crosslinkable basecoat composition comprising from 10 to 90 percent by weight of an epoxidized monohydroxylated polydiene polymer, from 8 to 60 percent by weight of an amino resin crosslinking agent, and from 2 to 40 percent by weight of a reinforcing agent, and(c) applying over the basecoat a clearcoat selected from the group consisting of epoxidized monohydroxylated polydiene-based clearcoats, polyester clearcoats, and acrylic clearcoats.

Abstract: A treating agent for bonding a polyester fiber and a chlorosulfonated polyolefin compound, which consists of a resorcinol/formaldehyde/latex mixture, wherein:1) the molar ratio of the resorcinol to the formaldehyde is from 1/0.1 to 1/5,2) the polymer component of the latex is a 2,3-dichlorobutadiene-containing polymer,3) the weight ratio of the solid content of the latex to the sum of the resorcinol and the formaldehyde is from 1/100 to 1/1,4) the amount of the 2,3-dichlorobutadiene-containing polymer solid content of the latex in the resorcinol/formaldehyde/latex mixture is from 5 to 50 wt %, and5) the amount of a surfactant in the resorcinol/formaldehyde/latex mixture is from 0.5 to 2.5 wt %.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of coating of a weld zone of steel plate by applying a sealer to the weld zone of the steel plate followed by conducting intermediate and top coats, characterized in that, said sealer contains thermosetting resins including epoxy resin and pigments, and gel fraction of said sealer after the intermediate coat step is not less than 90%.

Abstract: Aqueous coating composition, containingI) one or more amine hardeners,II) one or more water-dilutable epoxy resins,III) one or more pigments and/or fillers andIV) water and optionally one or more solvents and/or conventional lacquer additives,wherein the composition of the coating composition is selected in such a way that a hardened free film formed from the coating composition with a coat thickness between 30 and 80 .mu.m has a storage modulus E' of 10.sup.8 Pa to 5.times.10.sup.9 Pa in a temperature range from -50.degree. C. to 150.degree. C.

Abstract: An aqueous composition for coating a metallic substrate that is prepared by mixing at least one silane (preferably at least two silanes), at least about 20 weight percent phosphoric acid based on the total weight of the composition, and water, wherein the composition is substantially free of an organic solvent and a chromium-containing compound. The pH of the composition must not be above 3. The composition can be coated on a metallic substrate, particularly an aluminum substrate, to provide a pre-treatment layer for adhering overcoats.

Abstract: A composite coating is described. The composite comprises a substrate; one or more primer coating layers disposed on the substrate; and at least one topcoat layer disposed on the outermost primer coating layer. The outermost primer coating layer is obtained by reaction of a primer composition that includes a novolac resin having at least one carbamate group and an aminoplast resin.

Abstract: A curable resin composition is provided which insures good curability even without using an aminoplast curing agent and has an excellent high-solid feature. The composition comprises 5 to 80 weight % of a polymer containing free and esterified carboxyl groups and having an acid value of 50 to 300 mg KOH/g (1e), 1 to 80 weight % of a polymer containing hydroxyl and epoxy groups and having an epoxy equivalent of 200 to 1000 and a hydroxyl equivalent of 250 to 1500 (2d), and 1 to 50 weight % of a silicone polymer containing epoxy and/or alkoxyl groups (3a).

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for forming a topcoat which comprises applying an aqueous colored base coating composition comprising a hydroxyl- and carboxyl-containing acrylic resin, a melamine resin, an alicyclic epoxy-containing compound, a neutralizing agent, and a coloring pigment to a substrate and applying to the base coat an organic solvent type clear coating composition to be cured by the crosslinking reaction between a carboxyl group and an epoxy group.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for preparing water-dilutable, acrylate copolymer-based lacquer binders. A polycarboxylic component is reacted with an epoxide group-containing polyhydroxylic component, and the carboxylic groups are then at least partially neutralized. As epoxide group-containing monomers for the polyhydroxylic components, glycidyl(meth)acrylate and/or glycidylallylether are used in proportions from 0.1 to 3% by weight. Associated with cross-linking components and if required with other lacquer binders, these lacquer binders are suitable for producing water-dilutable baking enamels with a low auxiliary organic solvent content.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pipe treatment process that is a portable, field-applied, coating process. The process produces a two-layer composite protective coating system with a finished, seamless, chemical bond within its interlayers as well as to adjacent coating materials, The process is suitable for both metailic and concrete substrates, which may or may not be cathoadically protected, and may be used to either coat now or to recoat e.g.

Abstract: A layer construction with an organic layer and a transparent cover layer which covers the organic layer and which is harder than the organic layer, and a process for producing such a layer construction in which the cover layer is deposited on the surface of the organic layer from a precursor material present in the gas phase. In order to improve the optical quality of the layer construction, the cover layer, at least in a transition region between the organic layer and the cover layer, is deposited with an index of refraction which differs by a maximum of 20%, in particular by a maximum of 10%, from the index of refraction of the underlying organic layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a clear liquid coating composition comprising (a) a compound having at least 2 carboxyl groups, (b) a compound having at least 2 epoxy groups, (c) 0.01 to 3.0 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the total resin solid of an onium salt, which is used as a top coating composition for a pre-coated surface.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the present invention relates to a method of treating metal surfaces including the steps: coating the metal surface with a film-forming sealcoat containing at least one organic resin and at least one torque modifier, with the proviso that if the metal surface is a phosphated metal surface, then no other film of a siccative organic coating other than the film-forming sealcoat is applied; and curing the film-forming sealcoat.

Abstract: A method of preventing corrosion of metals using silanes. The method comprises applying a first treatment solution directly onto the surface of the metal, wherein the first treatment solution contains at least one multi-functional silane having at least two trisubstituted silyl groups, and wherein the substituents are individually chosen from the group consisting of alkoxy and acetoxy. An optional second treatment solution containing an organofunctional silane may also be employed, particularly if the metal is to be painted.

Abstract: A multi-layer coating comprising a base coat and a topcoat is formed on an article such as a chemically-treated steel plate by coating the article with a base coat composition containing (a) a cross-linking agent which does not interfere with the hydrosilylation reaction of a topcoat composition, and (b) a functional resin reactable with the cross-linking agent, and then with a topcoat composition containing (c) (i) a blend of a hydrosilyl group-containing compound and an alkenyl group-containing compound, and/or (ii) a self-crosslinkable resin, and (d) a catalytic amount of a hydrosilylation catalyst, followed by separate or simultaneous baking. The topcoat composition may contain functional groups (phosphoric groups and/or alkoxysilyl groups) or a functional group-containing compound.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing gasket material where a metal plate is coated with a compound that includes a compressible inorganic fiber, other than asbestos, a compressible organic fiber, and rubber and an inorganic filler. In forming the gasket material, the metal plate is coated with a heat resistant adhesive. The metal plate is then inserted between first and second metal rollers that are arranged adjacent and parallel to each other, rotate at different circumferential speeds to one another and in opposite directions, and heat resistant adhesive layer applied over the metal plate is opposed by the first roller. In which rolling, the compound with a solvent mixed therein is supplied to between the metal plate and the first roller that is turned at a circumferential speed that is slower than that of the second roller.

Abstract: This invention provides a process to form a coated film characterized in that, after a cationically electrodeposition paint is applied on a metal-made article to be coated and is heat-cured, the surface of the resulting electrodeposition coated film is coated with an aqueous primer, which is mainly composed of such a thermoplastic polyurethane resin as is produced by subjecting a carboxyl group-containing urethane prepolymer to chain extension in the presence of an aqueous medium, and, successively, with an aqueous base paint, and, next, with a clear paint, and that the resulting three-layer coated films are heated and are thereby cured simultaneously. By this process, there can be formed a multi-layer coated film excellent in chipping-resistance, corrosion-resistance, weatherability and physical performances.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an aqueous powder coating dispersion based on epoxy resins and phenolic curing agents or carboxyl-containing polyesters for the coating of packaging containers, which dispersion consists of a solid, pulverulent component I and an aqueous component II, component I being a powder coating which containsA) at least one epoxy resin having an epoxide equivalent weight of from 300 to 5500 andB) at least one curing agent having more than one phenolic hydroxyl group per molecule and a hydroxyl equivalent weight, based on phenolic OH groups, of from 100 to 500, preferably from 200 to 300, orC) at least one polyester having an acid number of from 25 to 120 mg of KOH/g and an OH number >10 mg of KOH/g, andD) at least one epoxy resin having an epoxide equivalent weight of from 400 to 3000, and component II being the aqueous component of the dispersion which contains at least one nonionic or anionic thickener.

Abstract: Air-dry refinish primer compositions containing microparticles have been found to exhibit superior air-dry properties as well as being resistant to solvent attack when a primer-surfacer or topcoat is applied after a short (30 minute or less) dry time of the primer composition.

Abstract: A method of forming multilayer coatings including a pigmented base coat layer applied on a substrate such as automobile bodies comprises applying, as an outermost layer, a clear coat composition comprising (a) a resin having pluralities of hydrosilyl groups and alkenyl groups in the molecule or a blend of resins having a plurality of hydrosilyl groups in the molecule and a plurality of alkenyl groups in the molecule, respectively, and (b) a compound catalyzing the addition reaction of the hydrosilyl group to the alkenyl group.

Abstract: A process for forming an overcoat by the two-coat one-bake method wherein a base coat composition and a clear coat composition are applied to a substrate ##STR1## wet-on-wet and thereafter cured at the same time by heating, the process being characterized in that the base coat composition is an aqueous coating composition consisting primarily of: (I) an aqueous dispersion or solution of a polymer containing a crosslinkable functional group, (II) a crosslinking agent, (III) a coloring pigment, and (IV) water, the clear coat composition being a coating composition comprising: (A) at least one resin selected from the group consisting of (i) a resin having at least one epoxy group and at least one hydroxyl group in the molecule, (ii) a resin mixture of (ii-1) a resin having at least two epoxy groups in the molecule and (ii-2) a resin having at least two hydroxyl groups in the molecule, (iii) a resin having at least two epoxy groups in the molecule, and (iv) any mixture thereof, (B) a crosslinking agent comprising

Abstract: A coating composition including a first component comprising a compound having appended thereto more than one carbamate functional group, and further including a second component reactive with said carbamate groups, which is a substituted acrylamide compound. The composition is useful as a clearcoating composition in a color-plus-clear composite coating.

Abstract: For titanium and titanium alloys in tribological applications under bound lubrication conditions, there are employed epoxy coatings adhered to the surface of the titanium or titanium alloy by a titanium oxide primer layer. The anti-wear properties of the epoxy coating can be improved by incorporation of an anti-wear filler such as diamond powder. These coatings improve the friction coefficient and anti-wear properties of the titanium and titanium alloys.

Abstract: Carbon steel surfaces, particularly inside wall surfaces of steel pipelines, are treated with an organosilane coupling agent to improve the adhesion of epoxy, vinyl ester and similar polymer-type protective coatings to the surface. The organosilane coupling agent is applied to a cleaned steel surface in an aqueous and/or alcohol solution, the surface is dried to allow the organosilane to cure and the protective coating is then applied to the surface. Steel pipelines are coated in situ by cleaning the interior of the pipeline with hydrochloric acid, fresh water and a passivation agent such as phosphoric acid followed by pumping a slug of the organosilane coupling agent, in solution, through the pipeline between spaced apart pigs. The coupling agent is dried and a polymer coating is then applied by pumping a slug of the coating through the pipeline, also between two spaced apart pigs.

Abstract: A process is described for the multi-layer lacquer coating of a substrate by applying a base lacquer layer of an aqueous coating composition onto the optionally precoated substrate and subsequently overcoating with a clear lacquer, which contains:A) at least one copolymer containing hydroxyl groups which is obtainable by reactinga) one or more esters of aliphatic saturated monocarboxylic acids branched in .alpha.-position with one or more epoxide groups in the alcohol portion withb) one or more alkyl esters of .alpha., .beta.-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids,c) one or more hydroxyalkyl esters of .alpha., .beta.-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids,d) optionally one or more .alpha., .beta.-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids ande) optionally one or more vinyl monomers differing from a), b), c) and d),B) one or more polyisocyanates with an average of at least 1.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of forming a top coat by forming in sequence a colored base coat on a substrate and a clear coat, the method being characterized in that at least one of the colored base coat and the clear coat is formed by a curable coating composition consisting essentially of:(a) (a-1) a resin having a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group and an epoxy group in the same molecule, or (a-2) a mixture of a hydroxyl- and carboxyl-containing resin with a polyepoxide;(b) a silicon compound having, per molecule, at least one silanol group and/or at least one hydrolyzable group directly bound to a silicon atom; and(c) an organic solvent.

Abstract: A process for forming an overcoat by the two-coat one-bake method wherein a basecoat composition and a clear coat composition are applied to a substrate wet-on-wet and thereafter cured at the same time by heating, the process being characterized in that the base coat composition is a coating composition consisting primarily of a hydroxyl-containing resin, an amine resin, a pigment and an organic solvent, the clear coat composition being a coating composition comprising:(A) at least one resin selected from the group consisting of (i) a resin having at least one epoxy group and at least one hydroxyl group in the molecue, (ii) a resin mixture of (ii-1) a resin having at least two epoxy groups in the molecule and (ii-2) a resin having at least two hydroxyl groups in the molecule, (iii) a resin having at least two epoxy groups in the molecule, and (iv) any mixture thereof,(B) a crosslinking agent comprising a compound having at least two noncyclic acid anhydride groups and represented by the formula ##STR1## where

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of two-coat finishes, in which a pigmented basecoat is first applied, the resulting basecoat film is coated with a powder clearcoat, and basecoat and clearcoat are subsequently baked together. In accordance with the invention, the powder clearcoat employed is a powder coating which contains an epoxide group-containing polyacrylate resin as binder and a mixture of (A) a polyanhydride and (B) a carboxyl group-containing polyester resin as crosslinking agent. The polyester resin can be prepared by reacting a diol (b1), a compound (b2) which contains per molecule at least three functional groups selected from hydroxyl, primary amino, secondary amino, carboxyl and acid anhydride groups, and (b3) a dicarboxylic acid in a molar ratio of (b1): (b2): (b3)=0.0 to 3.0: 1.0: 1.5 to 9.0 to give a polyester resin having an acid value of 40 to 300.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a two coat one bake coating method in which the aqueous base coating composition and the powder clear coating composition are applied onto substrates in automobile painting processes. In accordance with the present invention, the aqueous base coat contains: (a) a vinyl polymer prepared by copolymerizing 8 to 30% by weight of an amido group containing ethylenic monomer, an acidic group containing ethylenic monomer, a hydroxyl group containing ethylenic monomer and at least one other ethylenic monomer; (b) an aqueous dispersion of hydrophilic group containing oligomers; and (c) pigment. The clear powder coating composition comprises an epoxy group containing acrylic resin, and may carry polymer microparticles on each powder particle.