Abstract: A process for producing a corrosion-, heat- and oxidation-resistant shaped rticle which comprises coating a shaped article composed of at least one material selected from metals, carbonaceous substances and ceramics with a coating composition comprising a semi-inorganic compound, and heat-treating the coated article, said semi-inorganic compound being at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of polycarbosilanes and polycarbosiloxanes.

Abstract: Amorphous or microcrystalline alloy powder is prepared by the rapid quenching of ultrafine metallic spheroids generated from the molten metal state. The molten metal droplets are formed when an intense electric field (10.sup.5 V/cm) is applied to the surface of liquid metal held in a suitable container. The interactions between the intense electric field and liquid surface tension disrupts the metal surface, resulting in a beam of positively charged droplets. The liquid metal spheres generated by this electrohydrodynamic process are subsequently cooled by radiative heat transfer. Rapid cooling of the droplets may be accomplished by heat transfer to a low pressure gas by free molecular heat conductivity. Quenching rates exceeding 10.sup.6 .degree.K./sec are possible using this technique. Thin film coatings are prepared by electrohydrodynamically spraying a beam of charged droplets against a target (substrate). The target can be electrically controlled to effect the charged particles impact.

Abstract: An apparatus for applying sealant to a selected area of a container.The apparatus includes means for conveying a container into and away from a sealant applying station. Sealant dispensing means is positioned adjacent the conveying means at the sealing station and is operable for dispensing sealant onto a selected area of the container. Means is provided adjacent the sealant dispensing means for selectively removing any excess sealant from a nozzle portion of the sealant dispensing means.

Abstract: A coating is applied to a workpiece by ejecting a powdered material towards the workpiece using the energy of explosion in a recurrent cyclical operation. To produce an explosion, introduced into a combustion chamber of a detonation gun are a powdered coating material suspended in the stream of an inert gas and a gaseous explosive mixture formed by mixing a combustible gas and an oxidizing gas with or without an addition of an inert gas. During the coating process the explosive mixture is formed continuously, and cyclically filling the combustion chamber by portions of the explosive mixture is accomplished by feeding the inert gas to the pipe connecting the mixing chamber to the combustion chamber, which enables regular termination of the stream of explosive mixture and prevents the flame from spreading to the mixing chamber.

Abstract: Hot melt adhesive is applied to a moving substrate in a pattern including at least two lines which extend transversely to one another, by conveying the substrate past a nozzle orifice through which a first line of molten adhesive is applied, as by extrusion, to the substrate parallel to the direction of substrate movement and, while continuing to move the substrate in the same direction, projecting another portion of the molten hot melt adhesive onto the substrate as a burst in the form of a flat sheet issuing from a fan spray orifice, this orifice being oriented so that the sheet is projected transversely to the direction of substrate movement, and terminating the burst so rapidly that the adhesive so projected is deposited on the moving substrate in the form of a line having a length in the crosswise direction that is several times its width.

Abstract: The invention discloses a process for one-sided, hot-dip coating which includes guiding and causing a metal sheet to be coated to travel over a molten metal bath by means of a pair of guide rolls disposed above the bath; sucking a hot-dip coating metal inside the molten metal bath by an electromagnetic pump disposed outside the bath and jetting the hot-dip coating metal through the molten metal bath from a nozzle protruding beyond the surface of the bath between the pair of guide rolls; and bringing the hot-dip coating metal thus jetted into contact with the lower surface of the metal sheet over its entire range in its transverse direction while the metal sheet is travelling, thereby forming a coating layer of the hot-dip coating metal on the lower surface of the metal sheet.

Abstract: Chemicals, such as soap, are stuck to fibrous articles, such as metallic wire, by injecting a high-temperature and high-pressure chemical solution into the fibrous article whereby flash evaporation of the solution's solvent effects a uniform distribution and adhesion of the chemical throughout the article.

Abstract: A process for the production of granular sulfur in a rotating drum in which molten sulfur at a temperature within the range of about 110.degree. to 160.degree. C. is sprayed in a contact zone onto a bed of moving sulfur particles and a continuous curtain of said particles and resulting particles are passed to a cooling zone prior to discharge. A countercurrent flow of substantially inert cooling gas at a temperature in the range of about 10.degree. to 50.degree. C. and containing not more than 8% by volume oxygen is introduced to the cooling zone and a portion or all of said cooling gas is passed through the contact zone. The contact and cooling zones can be formed in a single rotating drum and separated from each other by a retaining ring or formed in separate vessels.Discharge particles from the cooling zone are separated according to size and undersized particles are recycled as fines to the contact zone at a ratio of 4:1 to 2:1 of fines to product granules.

Abstract: A method for producing a porous boiling surface with exceptional adhesion qualities and mechanical strength while at the same time maintaining the high degree of open cell porosity required for effective boiling heat transfer wherein a bond coating of pure aluminum is produced using a thermospray gun to melt an aluminum wire and impinge the molten aluminum particles against the metallic substrate in an inert gas stream projected from the gun nozzle located between 2 and 4 inches from the substrate. The bond coating has a porosity of less than 15 percent and a thickness not greater than 4 mils. The nozzle to substrate distance is then increased to 4 to 10 inches and a top coating of pure aluminum is formed having a porosity greater than 18 percent and a thickness of at least four times the thickness of the bond coating.

Abstract: A process for forming metallic articles involves generating a stream of atomized molten metal particles, directing this stream of particles at a substrate to form a deposit of the metal thereon having a desired form, and simultaneously directing at the metal as it is deposited on the substrate, a stream of rounded particles so as to consolidate the deposited metal. Apparatus for forming metallic articles includes means for generating a stream of atomized molten metal particles and means for producing a stream of rounded particles both of said means being so arranged as to cause the streams to converge on an area, and means for maintaining a substrate arranged to coincide with the area and adapted to receive thereon a deposit of the metal. The substrate may be incorporated into the metallic article product e.g.

Abstract: A detergent tablet comprising an alkaline salt is provided with a coating of a hydrated salt having a melting point in the range from 30.degree. C. to 95.degree. C. The coating is applied in the form of a melt of the hydrated salt so that a good coating is formed without the need for lengthy drying times. Preferred materials for the coating are sodium acetate trihydrate, sodium metaborate tetrahydrate and sodium orthophosphate dodecahydrate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a solution including an aromatic bis (ether dicarboxylic acid) component, an organic diamine component and a solvent system including a water-soluble organic solvent component, which may be a dipolar aprotic solvent or a monoalkyl ether of ethylene glycol or of diethylene glycol, and optionally water. The solution may be coated on a substrate and polymerized to form high quality polyetherimide coatings.

Abstract: A process for producing a paper container having high impermeability to liquid comprising spray coating a polymerizable solution containing a prepolymer, photosensitizer and/or reactive diluent onto a wall surface of previously fabricated paper containers, allowing the prepolymer and/or reactive diluent to polymerize by an ultraviolet irradiation to thereby form a liquid impermeable coating on the wall surface of the container.

Abstract: In a method of strengthening chemically a glass container comprising applying an aqueous solution of potassium salts to a soda-containing glass container to form a potassium salt adhered layer, holding at an ion exchange treatment temperature for a period of time sufficient, then cooling to room temperature and removing the residual potassium salts, the feature consists in using, as the aqueous solution of potassium salts, a concentrated aqueous solution containing a small amount of surfactant and a high concentration of mixed potassium salts consisting of potassium nitrate having a relatively low melting point and at least one potassium salt having a relatively high melting point selected from the group consisting of potassium chloride and potassium sulfate in such a proportion that 10 to 80% by weight of the potassium salts be present in solid phase, when heated at the ion exchange treatment temperature, to prevent the fused potassium salts from flowing off from the surfaces of the glass container, applying

Abstract: Metallic articles, for instance, ferrous strips are metallized, for instance, zinc coated by passing the heated article through a coating chamber and applying thereto a continuous stream of the molten coating metal so as to uniformly and evenly metallize said article. Thereafter, excess molten coating metal is removed from the coated article by hot gas blasting and the hot gas blasted article leaving the coating chamber is immediately cooled. Wiping means may be provided before applying the molten coating metal so as to deflect any molten coating metal dropping from the metallic article passing therethrough, while rollers may be arranged between the coating metal applying means and the hot gas blasting means. Said rollers serve to remove the major part of excess coating metal from the coated metallic article and to stabilize movement of the metallic article passing through the coating chamber.

Abstract: A process for depositing a microporous electron-emissive cathode coating material by spray means is depicted. The process comprises preheating the cathode assembly and spray means by enclosing the assembly and spray means in a cathode assembly spray chamber having a laminar flow of gas therein and stabilizing their temperature at a predetermined elevated value. The cathode assembly is sprayed with a first coat of the material to a predetermined initial thickness. The material is fast dried by holding the cathode assembly in an enclosure having a laminar flow of gas at an elevated temperature. A second coat of the material is then sprayed on to a predetermined final overall thickness. Due to the preheating and fast drying according to the invention, the coating material so deposited is uniformly dense and the coating surface is smooth and microporous to provide enhanced emissivity and life and enhanced resistance to poisoning by contaminants.

Abstract: A sprayable hot melt rust inhibitor composite comprised of a mixture of a sulfonate, optionally a carbonate, optionally an oxidized petrolatum, diluent oil, microcrystalline wax, active filler and thermoplastic resin. The invention also relates to metal substrates coated with said composite including the undercoating of an automotive vehicle.

Abstract: Improved methods are disclosed for depositing metal oxide films from coating compositions containing dehydrated cobaltous acetylacetonate.

Abstract: A process for applying a smooth coating of a plasticized-sulfur composition which comprises:(1) conducting a continuous stream of a molten plasticized-sulfur coating composition through a flexible conduit to a spray nozzle;(2) injecting a substantially inert pressurized gas into the conduit proximate to the nozzle at a flow rate such that the ratio of the flow rate of the coating composition in cubic feet per minute to the flow rate of the gas in cubic feet per minute is about 0.02/1 to about 1/1; and(3) spraying the coating composition and the gas from the conduit through the nozzle onto the surface to be coated.

Abstract: An article for conditioning fabrics by contacting them and applying conditioning material to the fabric surfaces is made by raising the temperature of a conditioning composition including said conditioning material until it forms a melt, in which state it is fluid and readily applicable to a base for the conditioning article, and applying said fluid composition to a base article so that a surface thereof is coated with the composition. Following application, the composition is cooled sufficiently to convert it to the solid state, in which it forms an adherent coating on the base.The process is especially useful in coating form retaining bases with a layer of a conditioning material such as a fabric softener, which is designed to be rubbed off onto tumbling damp laundry in an automatic laundry dryer, while the dryer is being heated.

Abstract: A paint composition for application at elevated temperatures to form markings on roadways that bear traffic rapidly. The composition includes a paint vehicle and a modifying material dispersed in subdivided form in the paint vehicle. The modifying material is solid and substantially insoluble in the paint vehicle at normal ambient temperatures, and forms an at least substantially dissolved sprayable liquid blend with the paint vehicle at elevated temperatures. As an example, a substantially neutral polyamide reaction product of a polymerized fatty acid and polyamine is dispersed in subdivided form in a paint vehicle that comprises resin-modified drying oils dissolved in a volatile liquid.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and apparatus for applying a covering on heat-sensitive articles by means of a blowpipe. The covering is applied by a sequence of very short spraying or blasting steps separated from one another by comparatively long cooling stages. The article is carried by a continuous moving support member in the form of a circular wheel, the articles being rotatably mounted in lateral rims on the wheel.

Abstract: Flame spraying a plurality of particles of oxide film forming metal on a substrate and randomly attaching a plurality of particles to a substrate and to portions of each other, the unconnected portions between particles forming porously interconnected open cell nucleation sites capable of aiding change of state from a liquid to a gas.

Abstract: A high quality water proofing material of easier applicability than those employed previously comprises a non woven fabric of isostatic polypropylene fibres treated with a mixture of bitumen and sulphur.

Abstract: A method of forming a continuous film of an elastomeric latex and a phenolic resin comprising spraying a plurality of coats of the aqueous admixture onto a nonadherent surface. The nonadherent surface is at a temperature of 120.degree. F. or greater and each coat of the aqueous admixture is less than about 0.7 mil dry film thickness. The film so formed can be tested for physical properties and the testing results are capable of being correlated with the performance of glass fibers with the aqueous admixture coated thereon for reinforcement of elastomeric matrices.

Abstract: The dissolving and/or dispersing of relatively large proportions of reclaimed rubber into molten paving asphalts is facilitated by incorporating into the asphalt a minor proportion of a highly aromatic, high-boiling, high-flash-point mineral oil. The resulting mixtures can be held at temperatures above 300.degree. F for substantial periods of time without becoming too viscous for convenient handling, thereby facilitating the application thereof to roadways. The rubberized asphalt mixtures are particularly useful in the form of stress absorbing membrane interlayers between old, damaged pavement surfaces and an overlayer of new asphalt concrete, for providing chip-seal coatings over old pavement, as crack fillers in Portland Cement concrete or asphalt concrete pavements, and bridge deck waterproofing membranes.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing a high density spray cast metal body from a highly energetic atomized metal stream by directing said atomized stream into the interior of a mold and causing said stream to scan and fill said mold interior by effecting relative movement between said atomized metal stream and said mold, thereby producing a fine grained spray cast metal body of high density.

Abstract: Pavement markings of improved durability are obtained by first forming a bonding layer on the pavement surface with a liquid coating composition that comprises a polyamide condensation product of dimerized fatty acid and polyamine and then forming a top or marking layer over the bonding layer by applying through a flame solid particles of a marking material that comprises the same type of polyamide, preferably in a higher-molecular-weight version.

Abstract: A high speed printer in which the ions produced between the high voltage impressed electrodes are modulated by an aperture board and then passed through an ink mist so as to electrically charge the ink particles whereby to print the desired letters, figures, signs, etc., on a printing paper, characterized in that a heating element is provided in the aperture board for lowering the relative humidity in said aperture board.

Abstract: A method of treating sucker rod comprising shot peening the rod to clean and harden the exterior surface thereof, preheating the rod, and coating the rod with a metal alloy by using an electric arc spray gun to provide a layer of alloy on the exterior surface thereof. The rod is subsequently cooled and then coated with a baked-on, plastic-like surface.In one embodiment of the invention, used rod is first degreased, and following the shot peening operation the rod is subjected to an electronic test to determine the symmetry of compositon of the metal, as well as to ascertain if any flaws are present therein. The rod is then coated with metal and subsequently sprayed with plastic as in the above recited example.

Abstract: A method for coating the faces of parts having faces and backs, includes assembling the parts so that the faces and backs thereof define two opposed coating surfaces. The parts may be staggered, and alternate parts have their faces disposed in opposite directions, with faces recessed with respect to the backs of the adjacent parts. Both coating surfaces therefore comprise a plurality of recessed part faces interspersed with part backs.A hardenable coating such as a molten hard facing material is applied to both of the coating surfaces and allowed to harden. After hardening, the surfaces are ground to reduce the thickness of the hardened coating sufficiently to expose the part backs, leaving a desired residual layer of coating adhered to the recessed part faces. The parts are then disassembled to provide a plurality of separate parts, each having a coating on the face thereof.

Abstract: A paint composition that rapidly congeals to traffic-bearing condition when sprayed at an elevated temperature onto a paved surface, comprising a paint vehicle and a normally solid substantially neutral polyamide reaction product dispersed in the paint vehicle, characterized in that the ingredients from which the reaction product was made include diphenolic acid.

Abstract: A flexible belt carrier is provided for use in an apparatus for spray soldering the ends of roll capacitor blanks. The belt may be constructed of silicon rubber and has apertures extending transversely through the belt which are positioned very near to one of its surfaces. A slit or opening is made at each aperture through the web separating the aperture from the nearest surface of the belt. The belt moves in a sinuous path such that when flexed around a pulley in one direction the edges of the slit spread and gap, allowing ready insertion of a blank. When the belt passes over another pulley, the belt flexes in the opposite direction so as to foreshorten the slit surface. The slits are made at an angle acute to the surface of the belt. Therefore, as their surface foreshortens, the walls of the web formed at the slit cam against one another and overlap, thereby fully and tightly encircling the capacitor blank, exposing only the ends thereof.

Abstract: A structural part made of titanium and/or titanium alloy is given a surface treatment by sandblasting or chemical pickling and is provided with a protective film of a strong reducing agent such as a solution of a derivative of hydrazine or hydroxylamine which is applied directly over the titanium and immediately thereafter a slide layer of a nickel is applied over the reducing agent layer preferably by spraying. Complex derivatives of hydrazine and hydroxylamine in the form of salts may be applied during a pickling and descaling treatment. The adhesion of the wear-resistant layer of metal is improved by a refining at a temperature of about 300.degree. C to obtain an intermetallic bond between the titanium and nickel at the interfacial boundary.

Abstract: A liquid coating composition comprising a liquid diluent, the precursors of a cross-linked epoxy resin, and a metal phosphate comprising phosphate ions and the ions of at least one metal, the cross-linked epoxy resin precursors comprising at least one polyether having at least two epoxy groups per molecule and at least one cross-linking agent reactive with the polyether, the cross-linking agent being present in an amount of from 5% to 40% by weight of the polyether and the amount of cross-linked epoxy resin precursors being in the range 1% to 90% by weight of the total weight of the cross-linked epoxy resin precursors plus metal ions of the metal phosphate.

Abstract: A method for powder coating of articles with an organic polymeric material. Articles to be coated, preferably glass containers, are transported by a first conveying mechanism through a pre-heat oven wherein their temperature is raised to a level above ambient temperature. The preheated containers are then transferred to chucks of a second conveying mechanism which carry the containers through a powder spray apparatus wherein the organic polymeric material is applied to the container. The chucks of the second conveying mechanism are cool and any oversprayed material will not adhere thereto. After spraying, the containers are again heated to cure the sprayed-on powder coating to form a filmlike layer on the container. The containers are then cooled below the softening point of the organic polymeric material and released from the second conveying mechanism for further handling.

Abstract: A plurality of particles of oxide film forming metal randomly attached to portions of each other and a plurality of which are attached to a metallic substrate, the unconnected portions between particles defining porously interconnected open cell nucleation sites capable of aiding change of state from a liquid to a gas.

Abstract: A metallic oxide coating is formed on a substrate which may be vitreous, partially vitreous or nonvitreous by applying to the substrate a solution of one or more metallic salts selected from the group of the acetates, halides and nitrates in an aprotic solvent having a dielectric constant greater than 15 and a dipolar moment greater then 3D. The substrate and applied solution are then subjected to heat to convert in situ the metallic salt to form a coating comprising at least one metallic oxide.

Abstract: The process is directed towards an improvement in the application of an aqueous paint to a substrate by air spraying the paint with a spray gun utilizing atomizing air at a flow rate of about 5-40 cubic feet per minute at an air pressure of 30-95 pounds per square inch at the spray gun and paint flow rate of about 5-30 ounces per minute, wherein the air atomized paint is applied to the substrate and baked to form a uniform finish on the substrate;The improvement that is used with this process comprises spraying atomized paint in an atmosphere that is controlled at a temperature of about 15.degree.-40.degree.C. and at such a relative humidity that the air has a drive force value with the range of 0.002 to 0.

Abstract: Method and apparatus are described for applying a wax or plastic coating to phosphor grains to be added to explosives for tagging purposes. The coating is obtained by spraying from a nozzle a homogenous mixture of molten coating material and phosphor grains and permitting the droplets thus formed to solidify during free fall through a cooling medium such as air. The coated phosphors thus obtained when incorporated into an explosive render the mixture less sensitive to friction and impact than the corresponding mixture employing uncoated phosphors.

Abstract: A sheet of glass coated with SnO.sub.x by intermittent spraying of a mixture of materials in non-aqueous solution and in an oxidizing atmosphere, while maintaining the glass at a fixed temperature by supporting the glass in molten liquid at a controlled temperature, the spraying being conducted in successive passes involving small amounts of spray per pass, and the sheet of glass moving continuously along a pool of the molten liquid during the spraying process.

Abstract: Apparatus for spraying powdered materials. A spray gun for applying hot powdered thermoplastic materials to a substrate to be coated may be constructed in such a fashion as to have no moving parts. A first fluid amplifier section inspirates the powdered material and cool air from the outside atmosphere. A second fluid amplifier section also inspirates outside air. This air is heated as it is inspirated. A transition section connects the two fluid amplifier sections. The powdered material inspirated by the first fluid amplifier section mixes with the heated air inspirated by the second fluid amplifier section. This causes partial melting of the powdered material so that as it exits from the second fluid amplifier toward the substrate to be coated, the material is in a condition to allow more uniform coating of the substrate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for coating carbon articles, such as carbon electrodes for use in steelmaking, with aluminium and refractory materials.The method comprises in a single operation, spraying aluminium in a molten state on to the surface, and immediately spraying refractory material on to the aluminium coating so formed.The apparatus includes spray heads, by which the aluminium and refractory materials are sprayed, the spray heads being located alongside each other and moved relatively to the carbon electrode simultaneously, the distance apart of the spray heads being sufficient to ensure that there is virtually no interference between the sprays of aluminium and refractory material, and also to ensure that the heat of the molten aluminium does not dry out the refractory material before it reaches the surface of the carbon article.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for surface treating vitreous materials with treatment gases to form a metallic oxide surface condition on the vitreous material. The apparatus, which is preferably an enclosure having an entrance and exit end and is mounted over a conveyor belt, incorporates manifold means for distributing the treatment gas within the enclosure and also heating means for maintaining the interior of the enclosure above a critical temperature. The method comprised is applying a treatment gas to the vitreous surface while maintaining the gas above a critical temperature substantially below the pyrolitic decomposition temperature which is necessary to accomplish the actual surface treatment.

Abstract: Herein disclosed is a metal spraying method, which comprises the steps of subjecting the surface of aluminum or aluminum alloy to zinc-substitution treatment so as to form a zinc layer in said surface, and spraying a desired metal directly on the substituted zinc layer or on a metal layer, which is formed by preliminarily spraying such a metal as has sufficient adhesion to said desired metal, so as to form thereon a metal sprayed layer.