Abstract: A pressure saturator for impregnating a substrate with a saturant is disclosed, having a block member with an arcuate, sloping upper surface that is graduated from a relatively deep portion to a relatively shallow portion. Rollers are disposed on each side of the block member for conveying the substrate into and out of the saturator, and a mandrel is disposed between the rollers for guiding the substrate through the saturator. The lower portion of the mandrel is spaced from the block member and extends into the recess formed by the arcuate surface to define a chamber therebetween. The chamber has an inlet and an outlet for admitting the substrate and the saturant, and converges in depth from the inlet region to the outlet region to pressurize the solution and force the saturant into the interstices of the substrate.

Abstract: An activated silicon-containing aluminum complex flameproofing agent containing minor amounts of halogen, silicon, oxygen and hydrogen, the silicon being present in amounts of at least trace and having a hexagonal structure; the ratio oxygen to hydrogen in the complex usually being 16:18 and the process for making such complex comprises the steps of treating substantially pure aluminum with acid, then with mercury, then with a halogen acid again to form a slurry. The slurry is then applied on paper, paper pulp, cellulose pulp, plywood, clothings, textiles and any structurally porous material for flameproofing same.

Abstract: An activated carbon product such as a charcoal cloth or felt has, in addition to any activating material, a metal uniformly dispersed therein. The metal may be catalytic or bactericidal, and a particularly preferred product of the invention contains silver and is suitable for use as a surgical dressing. Such products can be produced by a conventional activation procedure using a mixture of halides, even if the further metal halide is substantially insoluble in the impregnation solution used for activation, by incorporating in the solution ammonia and a sequestering agent such as citric acid.

Abstract: A shirred tubular cellulosic food casing suitable for imparting smoke color and flavor to food products processed therein is manufactured by treating the external surface of the casing with liquid smoke before shirring.

Abstract: A method for producing a polishing pad is disclosed. The method involves uniformly fully impregnating a fibrous batt with an aqueous polyurethane dispersion, coagulating the polyurethane dispersion to form an impregnant and drying the impregnant. The aqueous polyurethane dispersion may include colloidal silica. Heat and pressure are applied simultaneously to at least one surface of the impregnant to form a composite having a bulk density approaching the actual density of the impregnant at the polishing surface while maintaining microporosity throughout the structure. An adhesive is applied to the surface opposing the polishing surface to form an adhesive backed polishing pad. The polishing pad is comprised of a polymer homogeneously impregnated fibrous batt with the polishing surface having a bulk density approaching its actual density.

Abstract: Combustible materials such as fiber is made flame retardant by treating the material with a methanol or water solution containing the newly discovered compound ammoniumtriborate (NH.sub.4.B.sub.3 O.sub.5.3CH.sub.3 --OH) or a methanolic solution of newly discovered methylborate ammonia adduct. These new flame retardants have the ability to penetrate the combustible material when applied as a solution and thereafter be converted in situ to ammoniumpentaborate to result in enhanced flame retardation over that achieved by merely the direct treatment with ammoniumpentaborate with other borate flame retardants.

Abstract: A paper which resists significant distortion in planarity in response to moisture comprises a web which carries a predetermined amount of a polymer-filler blend and which has been dried after application of said blend to a finished moisture level below about 4%, by weight.

Abstract: A method and chemical solutions for use in increasing the surface and volume conductivities of a cellophane substrate. The substrate can be used for dielectric copying or any other purpose for which a through-conductive substrate is required.

Abstract: A method for producing elastomeric foils by continuously impregnating a non-woven fabric with a resinous composition in liquid form selected from the group consisting of (a) a resin based on polyhydroxy compounds or polyamines or mixtures thereof and polyisocyanates, (b) resins based or polyhydroxy compounds or polyamines or polycarboxyl compounds or mixtures thereof and polyepoxides and (c) an impregnating mixture based on rubber latex, drying and curing the impregnated fabric freely suspended in hot air and removing the dried foil which is useful as an intermediate layer in the bonding of objects with a high E-molulus and the bonded object per se.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for coating the outside surface of a length of tubing comprising the steps of coating the outside surface of the tubing with an initial layer of coating liquid, transporting the coated tubing along its longitudinal axis in a substantially vertically upward direction; passing the coated tubing through a constriction of predetermined width to reduce the thickness of the initial layer and form a thin layer of desired thickness on the outside of the tubing; leveling the thin layer without reducing the weight per unit area of the thin layer to form a layer of uniform thickness; and exposing the tubing to heat of a sufficient temperature to solidify the coating liquid and form an uninterrupted film of uniform thickness on the outside of the tubing.

Abstract: A resin impregnated fibrous web is comprised of a needled fibrous batt and a polymeric resin distributed throughout the batt. The density of the impregnated web is uniform throughout with the bulk density of the web being less than the actual density of the web whereby the web is porous. The impregnated web has filaments which are both coated and uncoated with the polymeric resin. A method of forming the impregnated fibrous web is also disclosed.

Abstract: To impregnate loose cotton staple and like fibers with chemicals, a mass of such fibers is fed into and through a series of compartments in a baffled housing assembly and is there acted upon by a series of cooperating rotating paddle assemblies while in contact with a chemical containing aqueous liquor at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. The paddle assembly initially produces, with the liquid, turbulent columns of bubbles within each of the compartments, with the result that the cotton fibers are located in the thin walls between the bubbles.

Abstract: A method for the application of a sizing composition or the like to a traveling web under high speed conditions which involves passing the web into the nip formed between two counter-rotating rolls and supplying a sizing composition to the nip to thereby form a pond of sizing material on both sides of the traveling web. Additional amounts of sizing material are constantly being supplied to the ponds by means of a suitable applicator and nozzle arrangement, while the depth of the ponds is controlled continuously by the application of a reduced pressure to the existing ponds resulting in some of the sizing composition being drawn up into the applicator from where it is delivered to a reservoir for further circulation through the applicator.

Abstract: An electrostatic particle collector comprising a pair of spaced, parallel, paper collector electrodes. Each electrode has a narrow high conductive region adjacent one side and a wide low conductive region in contact with the narrow high conductive region. The regions are formed by impregnating the paper electrodes with varying concentrations of a conductive material such as graphite. The narrow high conductive region of one electrode is disposed opposite and spaced from the wide low conductive region of the other electrode of the pair.

Abstract: A surface protection for a hot-tinning system or soldering system particularly useful for the air jets of the system characterized by the surfaces of the parts, which come into contact with the solder during the process, being provided with a non-metallic, heat resistant layer. The layer, which preferably has a thickness range of between 0.2 and 0.4 mm, may be an Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 ceramic layer, which is preferably applied by a plasma spraying process, or may be a polytetrafluoroethylene coating. It is further desireable that the surface, which is to be protected by the heat resistant layer, is provided as a sand blasted surface which has been provided with an adhesion layer consisting of Ni-Mo-Al alloy.

Abstract: The invention herein relates to a thermoplastic suitable for setting bandages and a solventless process for the manufacture of setting bandages therewith. The thermoplastic composition comprises a saturated linear polyester and a resin with low crystallizability and a low softening temperature. The setting bandage made according to this invention can be easily applied to injured parts of a body and the cast resulting therefrom is light, inert, waterproof, ventilative, rigid and shockproof. A method for the manufacture of said setting bandages without the use of solvents is also described in detail.

Abstract: A combined size press and breaker stack comprising a breaker roll and a coating press roll and an intermediate roll selectively alternately shiftable into breaker nipping relation to the breaker roll or coating nip relation with the press roll, and guiding paper web, traveling continuously from a supply to a disposition point, to either of the alternately selected nips. Coating material is supplied to the paper web while traveling through the coating nip.

Abstract: What is disclosed is a method for making a synthetic veneer, which method comprises impregnating a fibrous web structure with an aqueous dispersion of a finely divided synthetic resin, said dispersion further containing a water-soluble aminoplast resin dissolved therein, and then drying the impregnated web structure by heating it, said synthetic resin being thermoplastically deformable and in a non-crosslinked condition at the beginning of the drying step, but comprising a plurality of groups capable of external crosslinking and which do crosslink during the drying step.

Abstract: This invention provides for improvement in the preservation of cellulosic materials through solubilization of a dried metal alkoxide, particularly magnesium methoxide, in an alcohol with the presence of carbon dioxide. The solution is applied to cellulosic materials by various known methods resulting in deacidification with improved aging properties imparted to the materials. The treated cellulosic materials have improved characteristics and printed materials do not blur or run.

Abstract: Tearing, blistering, delamination and other defects in deep drawn plastic laminated paperboard containers are eliminated by adding controlled amounts of warmed moisture to the paperboard immediately prior to forming thereof. Water is heated to a desired temperature and is applied by in-line processing equipment to the unlaminated side of the paperboard which functions to both soften and paperboard and preheat the laminate. By heating both the male and female parts of a die press employed for forming the preheated, softened laminate into the container, preheating the laminate using warm water prior to forming and, continuously controlling the moisture added to the paperboard, the degree of stress imposed on the plastic layer of the laminate and the resulting defects in the formed container are significantly reduced.

Abstract: Cotton-polyester fiber-blended textile fabrics and knitted goods are resin-finished to be imparted with a high soft feeling and a durable crease resistance using a resin bath containing a specific combination of an amino resin having in the molecule at least two N-methylol groups which may be partially or wholly alkylated, a diol type surface active agent and an acid catalyst for cross-linkage.

Abstract: The invention discloses a method of protecting organic or inorganic material from attack by microorganisms, which comprises incorporating in or applying to the surface of the material to be protected 3,5-dibromo-4-chlorophenol, 3,5-dibromo-4-fluorophenol or 3,5-dichloro-4-bromophenol or a mixture thereof. Compositions for carrying out the method of the invention are also disclosed.

Abstract: A polymer is described which has particular utility as an additive imparting wet an dry strength to a paper base. The polymer is formed by the reaction of a polymer of an N,N-disubstituted vinyl-benzyl amine or homologue thereof with an epihalohydrin.

Abstract: Membranes, which may be used for the separation of gases, comprise a thin film of a semi-permeable material composited on a porous support member. The membranes are prepared by passing a support member through a solution of a halogenated hydrocarbon solvent containing a semi-permeable membrane forming prepolymer and cross-linking agent. This step is then followed by the cross-linking of the prepolymer by treatment at an elevated temperature. The process may be exemplified by passing one finely porous surface of a cellulose nitrate-cellulose acetate support member through a solution of dimethyl silicone in a halogenated solvent such as trifluorotrichloroethane followed by treatment at a temperature in the range of from about 50.degree. to about 150.degree. C. to form the desired membrane.

Abstract: An electroconductive substrate for an electrically responsive recording material comprising a porous substrate and a layer of at least one cationic or anionic electric conductor, the conductor layer being formed in the porous substrate along the entire thickness direction thereof extending from one surface of the porous substrate to the other surface of the porous substrate, wherein the conductor layer has a multilayer distribution structure comprising (a) a layer of a cationic electroconductive resin distributed predominantly in the one surface portion of the porous substrate, (b) a layer of an anionic electroconductive resin distributed predominantly in the other surface portion of the porous substrate and (c) a layer of a polysalt of the cationic electroconductive resin and the anionic electroconductive resin interposed between both the electroconductive resin layers (a) and (b) in such a positional relationship that the polysalt layer (c) is adjacent to the electroconductive resin layers (a) and (b).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for manufacturing an artificial leather composite material, and comprises:(i) a cellulosic fibrous mass bound by means of a binding agent, and impregnated by means of at least one acrylic polymer or copolymer,(ii) an intermediate pore-blocking layer comprising at least one vinylic polymer or copolymer, and(iii) a finishing layer comprising at least one vinylic polymer or copolymer and at least one coalescence agent.

Abstract: This invention relates to the treatment of fibrous materials such as textiles to make them water-repellent. It has been found that the amount of organopolysiloxane used in treatment baths for those purposes can be considerably reduced by replacing up to 70% by weight of the emulsified organopolysiloxane with 30 to 65% by weight of the replaced organopolysiloxane of an emulsified oxidized polyethylene. Even though oxidized polyethylene does not by itself impart water-repellent properties to textiles its combination with the organopolysiloxane does give treated fabrics with excellent water-repellent properties.

Abstract: Various combustible materials such as paper, wood, leather, cloth and textiles of animal or vegetable origin and, especially, cellulosic materials suitable for insulation may be rendered fire retardant by treating the same with an aqueous solution comprising about 10 to 60 per cent of a blend of ammonium nitrate liquor and urea liquor, this blend can be within a range of 44.5% ammonium nitrate, 35.4% urea, and 20.3% water to 39.5% ammonium nitrate, 30.5% urea, and 30% water; about 10 to 50 per cent of an ammoniated poly phosphate having approximately 10 per cent nitrogen and approximately 34 per cent phosphoric acid; about 0 to 25 per cent molasses, starch or sugar or mixtures thereof; and up to about 3 per cent of a strong base such as sodium hydroxide.

Abstract: Bacteriostatic, water-insoluble complexes of zirconyl acetate with inorganic peroxides are disclosed. Peroxides operative in forming these complexes are hydrogen peroxide, alkali metal perborates and alkali metal peroxydiphosphates. Processes for in situ formation and deposition of the insoluble complexes on the surfaces of cellulosic textiles are described. The textile finishes so produced inhibit the growth and spreading of odor- and infection-producing gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria on the treated textiles. The antibacterial activity imparted to the textiles is durable to repeated laundering.

Abstract: A method of preparing a composite sheet material having properties similar to leather is provided. At least a portion of a porous sheet material is impregnated with an aqueous ionic dispersion of a polyurethane polymer. The polyurethane polymer which is impregnated in the porous sheet is ionically coagulated from the dispersion. Preferably, both the ionic dispersing and coagulating media are removed from the impregnated sheet. The impregnant is then dried to form a composite sheet material.

Abstract: This invention comprises a novel flame retardant process and solution whereby textile structures are rendered flame retardant.

Abstract: A method of increasing polymerization reaction rates during the production of a fiber-thermoplastic matrix by in situ bulk polymerization is described, allowing polymerization to at least 25% polymer content by weight of the matrix in less than 8 minutes. In a fibrous web of less than 0.

Abstract: Container-stable alkaline cleaning compositions and processes are provided which are effective for cleaning carpets, upholstery and the like, and for imparting water and oil repellency and stain resistance thereto. One such composition comprises in an aqueous medium: detergent, water-dispersible carboxyl-containing material which forms water-insoluble zinc or zirconium salts, a water-dispersible zinc or zirconium coordination complex, a Lewis base, and a fluorochemical compound containing a fluoroaliphatic group and having acid functionality and being capable of imparting water- and oil-repellency to a substrate.

Abstract: Stable cellulosic products containing releasable flavorant are described. These products are produced by impregnating a dry cellulosic substrate with an essentially anhydrous ammonia solution of a volatile flavorant and then subjecting the impregnated substrate to conditions of temperature and pressure sufficient to effect evaporation of essentially all of the impregnated solvent.

Abstract: Sizing bath for a non-woven cellulose based substrate in which the bath has a pH of 2 to 12 and contains as sizing agent at least one anionic latex of at least one copolymer of which the vitreous transition temperature is -40.degree. C. to +120.degree. C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a durable press process for cellulosic fiber-containing fabrics which utilizes formaldehyde and a water soluble liquid or gaseous acid catalyst to impart wrinkle resistance to the fabric.

Abstract: A plurality of articles such as sheets or lenses are simultaneously and uniformly coated by first placing them in vertical spaced relationship with respect to each other within a tank having a quantity of fluid coating material therein. The coating material flows across the surfaces to be coated. Thereafter, the sheets are lifted out of the tank into an elongated chamber above the tank in which they are spun about their vertical axes. Excess coating material is thus driven off the surfaces to be coated. Means to recover, clean, replenish and remove bubbles from the coating material are disclosed.

Abstract: A fire extinguishing composition is disclosed comprising three essential ingredients that reinforce cooperatively the action of each ingredient when applied to an object on fire, (A) an ionic complex containing in an anionic portion thereof complexed nitrogen, phosphorus, oxygen, and aluminum, (B) a boric acid compound such as orthoboric acid, metaboric acid, or boric anhydride, and (C) urea. Flammable objects, particularly objects made of cellulose, are reduced in flammability by being pretreated with the composition disclosed. A new process for preparing the ionic complex ingredient of the fire extinguishing composition is also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for producing nonflammable laminated materials which includes the steps of impregnating a cellulose-containing material with an impregnating solution containing a phenolic-resol resin solution, at least one plasticizer for the resin and optionally flameproofing agents, subsequently drying the impregnated material to effect preliminary condensation of the resin and thereafter curing superimposed layers of the impregnated and preliminary condensed material by the application of heat and pressure. The phenol-resol resin solution used contains 50-80% by weight of an ammonia alkaline-condensed phenol-resol resin with a solids content of 65-80% by weight and with a molecular weight distribution determined by gel chromatography of: dimers 20-26%; tri- and tetramers 6-12%; penta- and oligomers 24-36%; expressed in percent per unit area and hexamethylenetetramine in amounts of 1-15% by weight based on the weight of the impregnating solution.

Abstract: A cellulosic substrate is rendered fire resistant through application thereto of an alcohol deactivated solution of chlorosulfonic acid and digested plant material.

Abstract: A dense paper comprising a web of cellulosic fibers and an impregnant dispersed throughout the web, the impregnant consisting essentially of a blend of a rigid polymeric material and an inorganic filler, in stated proportions, with the impregnant constituting a minor portion of the finished weight of the paper. A process for producing the paper is disclosed.

Abstract: Brominated carbamoyl derivatives of the structure:R.sub.2 N -- C(O) --O--(R.sup.1).sub.n -- CH.sub.2 --C (X).sub.2 --CH.sub.2 -- (R.sup.1).sub.n --O--C(O)NR.sub.2wherein:R is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkanol, cycloalkyl of from 5 to 7 carbon atoms, phenyl, alkyl substituted by phenyl, phenyl substituted by alkyl, hydroxy terminated oxyalkylene, hydroxy substituted hydroxy terminated oxyalkylene and halogen substituted hydroxy terminated oxyalkylene;R.sup.1 is independently selected from the group consisting of alkylene; oxyalkylene, hydroxy substituted oxyalkylene, halogen substituted oxyalkylene and alkylene or oxyalkylene substituted by the group -- O -- C(O)NR.sub.

Abstract: In preparing a dry, laminating impregnated paper or cloth by impregnating a paper or cloth with a resin solution containing a polymerization catalyst, a cross-linking monomer and, if necessary, a releasing agent, followed by drying, the use as the resin of a resin composition consisting of (A) 10 to 90 % by weight of an organic solvent-soluble diallyl phthalate prepolymer having an average molecular weight of 2,000 to 20,000 and a softening point of 70.degree. to 140.degree. C. which prepolymer has been obtained by partially polymerizing a diallyl phthalate monomer and separating and purifying the resulting prepolymer, and 90 to 10 % by weight, in total, of (B) an organic solvent-soluble non-crystalline unsaturated polyester and (C) an organic solvent-soluble benzoguanamine resin obtained by condensing in an alkaline reaction system 1 mole of benzoguanamine with 1 to 4 moles of formaldehyde, the weight ratio of (C)/(B) being up to 0.

Abstract: This specification discloses a method of impregnating and drying material such as cardboard or corrugated cardboard preliminary shaped or not, comprising a certain number of steps and more particularly a step of impregnating cardboard located inside a sealed container by means of an impregnating liquid which is formed by impregnating substance and solvent, a step of drying the cardboard still located inside said container and a step of recovering the solvent during the step of drying in view to recycle it.

Abstract: Shims having improved torque retention, tensile strength, resistance to deformation, and low water absorption are formed from a resin-impregnated, cellulosic fiberboard, soaked in a solution of about 1 to about 20% by volume of methylene-bis-(4-phenyl isocyanate), and cured.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is a process for the manufacture of water-soluble condensation products of hydroxymethylphosphonium compounds and cyanamide, characterized in that (a) one mol of a tetrakis-(hydroxymethyl)-phosphonium compound is condensed with (b) 0.02 to 0.5 mol, preferably 0.1 to 0.3 mol, of cyanamide at 40.degree. to 120.degree. C, optionally in the presence of formaldehyde or a formaldehyde-donating agent and optionally in the presence of an inert organic solvent, and optionally subsequently further condensed at temperatures of 100.degree. to 150.degree. C and, if appropriate, free hydroxyl groups are at least partially etherified with at least one alkanol with 1 to 4 carbon atoms and if appropriate the salts of the condensation products are converted into the corresponding hydroxides.

Abstract: A process and apparatus system for continuous printing of fabric includes a water surface in a vat on which dye materials are formed into a uniform film and fabric is contacted therewith. The film forms in a tiltable tray like container extending the full width of the vat of water and dyes are distributed thereon by compressed air nozzles which tilt with the tray devices. A baffle feeds fabrics into the water during the process.

Abstract: A process for the controlled release of a substance which comprises impregnating a substance to be released into and within a cellulosic polymer-liquid composite material as a part of or all of the liquid phase, and the controlled release material as produced.

Abstract: An emulsion suitable for use as a flame-retardant for textile materials is prepared by dissolving 1,1,2,3,4,4-hexabromobutene-2 in an N-alkylpyrrolidinone in which the alkyl group has from 1 to 5 carbon atoms to form a solution containing from 15 to 50% by weight of 1,1,2,3,4,4-hexabromobutene-2, diluting this solution with an aromatic hydrocarbon, and mixing the resulting solution with a non-ionic emulsifying agent and water to form the emulsion.

Abstract: Paper-covered gypsum wallboard of increased racking resistance which has been strengthened by impregnation completely through the thickness of the cover paper, at least throughout certain critical areas, by coating and subsequent absorption thereinto of water-free polymeric solutions. A most significant improvement results from impregnation thereinto of a moisture-curing isocyanate resin, preferably a semiprepolymer of a polyisocyanate and a polyol in combination with a viscosity reducing solvent, such as mineral spirits or xylene, and a catalyst. Improved mobile home walls are formed with the impregnated areas of gypsum board back face paper disposed over and adhered to framing members with glue or the like.